MAGNETIC CORE FOR AN ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICE

Abstract

A linear variable differential transducer is disclosed comprising a tubular magnetic core formed from a sheet, a primary coil and at least one secondary coil, each coil positioned around a portion of a length of the magnetic core.

Claims

1. A linear variable differential transducer comprising: a tubular magnetic core formed from a sheet; and a primary coil and at least one secondary coil, each coil positioned around a portion of a length of the magnetic core.

2. The transducer of claim 1, comprising an electrical power supply connected to the primary coil for generating a current therein.

3. The transducer of claim 1, wherein the tubular magnetic core is formed from a sheet comprising a first edge and a second edge, wherein the sheet has been rolled or bent around a longitudinal axis of the tubular magnetic core such that the first edge is aligned with the second edge.

4. The transducer of claim 1, wherein the tubular magnetic core comprises a slit extending from a first longitudinal end of the tubular magnetic core to a second longitudinal end of the tubular magnetic core.

5. The transducer of claim 1, wherein the tubular magnetic core is moveable relative to the primary coil and the at least one secondary coil.

6. The transducer of claim 1, comprising two secondary coils positioned around the tubular magnetic core.

7. The transducer of claim 1, further comprising a control unit configured to measure a current and/or a voltage of the at least one secondary coil and optionally output a signal indicative of the position of the tubular magnetic core within the transducer based on the current and/or a voltage measured.

8. An actuator comprising: a moveable member; and the transducer of claim 1, wherein the tubular magnetic core is coupled to the moveable member.

9. An electromagnetic device comprising: a tubular magnetic core formed from a sheet, wherein there is no overlap between any two portions of the sheet; and at least one coil positioned around at least a portion of a length of the magnetic core.

10. A method of forming a magnetic core for an electromagnetic device, the method comprising: reshaping a magnetisable sheet to form a tubular magnetic core.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the reshaping includes rolling or folding the sheet into the tubular magnetic core

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the sheet is rolled or folded around a mandrel.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the sheet has a first edge and an opposing second edge and is reshaped such that the first edge is aligned with the second edge in a circumferential direction of the tubular magnetic core.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the first and second edges of the metal sheet are joined to one another to form a continuous tubular.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein the first and second edges are spaced apart so as to define an elongate slit in the tubular magnetic core.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0052] Various embodiments will now be described, by way of example only, and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

[0053] FIGS. 1A and 1B show schematics of a Linear Variable Differential Transducer (LVDT) in which the magnetic core is arranged in different positions;

[0054] FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a Linear Variable Differential Transducer (LVDT) that is attached to a load;

[0055] FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C show a method of forming a magnetic core for the LVDT of FIGS. 1A, 1B and 2; and

[0056] FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a magnetic core 12, which may be formed by the method shown in FIGS. 3A-C.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] FIGS. 1A and 1B show a Linear Variable Differential Transducer (LVDT) 10 which may be used to detect or measure the displacement of a moving component. The LVDT 10 may comprise a magnetic core 12 mounted on a core support 14. The magnetic core 12 may comprise a soft magnetic material, e.g. Mu-metal, although other materials are contemplated herein. The magnetic core 12 may be in the form of a tubular structure. The magnetic core 12 may be attached or connected to the core support 14 by any suitable means, such as by welding, bonding, threaded engagement or interference fit.

[0058] Conventionally, magnetic cores have been formed or moulded as solid rods, or lathed from larger pieces of material.

[0059] The LVDT further comprises a primary coil 16 for generating a magnetic field when supplied with power, a first secondary coil 18 in which a current is induced by the magnetic field from the primary coil 16, and optionally a second coil 20 in which a current is induced by the magnetic field from the primary coil 16. The coils 16,18,20 may be wound a common axis. The first and second secondary coils 18,20 may be substantially identical (i.e. they may comprise the same material, the same number and/or pitch of windings, and may have the same dimensions). However, the secondary coils 18,20 may be wound around the axis in opposite directions.

[0060] The coils 16, 18, 20 may have the same longitudinal axis as the magnetic core 12 and optionally also as the core support 14. The coils 16, 18, 20 may wind around or encircle portions of the magnetic core in the longitudinal direction. The primary coil 16 may be located between the first secondary coil 18 and the second secondary coil 20, and may be equidistant from each. The magnetic core 12 and the core support 14 may move relative to the coils 16, 18, 20 along the longitudinal axis, allowing the magnetic core 12 to be displaced relative to the coils 16, 18, 20.

[0061] The primary coil 16 may be supplied with an alternating voltage Up (i.e. by an AC voltage supply), causing an alternating current Ip in the primary coil 16. This causes a magnetic field to be generated in the known manner, which is somewhat confined and focussed by the magnetic core 12. The magnetic core 12 helps transfer the magnetic field to the first and second secondary coils 18, 20, inducing currents Is1 and Is2 respectively in the first and second secondary coils 18,20. The first and second coils 18, 20 will thus have a potential differences Us1 and Us2 across them respectively. The resulting potential difference across the two secondary coils Us=Us1+Us2.

[0062] LVDT may be used for various purposes, such as in valves and actuators, for example in engines.

[0063] FIG. 1A shows the LVDT when the magnetic core 12 is located centrally within the coils 16, 18, 20 along the longitudinal axis, such that the magnetic core 12 extends the same distance into or beyond each of the first and second secondary coils 18, 20. When the primary coil 16 is supplied with an alternative voltage Up, the currents generated in the first and second secondary coils 18,20 will be of the same magnitude, but in opposite directions, i.e. Is1=?Is2. The resultant potential difference Us of the combined secondary coils 18,20 will thus be zero.

[0064] FIG. 1B shows the LVDT 10 when the magnetic core 12 has been displaced relative to the coils 16, 18, 20 from the central position along the longitudinal axis. In the depicted embodiment, the magnetic core 12 has been moved in the longitudinal direction towards the first secondary coil 18. The magnetic core 12 extends all the way through the first secondary coil 18, but only part way through the second secondary coil 20. When the primary coil 16 is supplied with the alternating voltage Up, currents Is1 and Is2 are generated in the first and second secondary coils 18, 20 as described above, and the current Is1 generated in the first secondary coil 18 will be greater in magnitude than the current Is2 generated in the second secondary coil 20. Therefore, the resultant potential difference Us across the secondary coils 18,20 will no longer be zero. In fact, the magnitude of the currents Is1 and Is2 (and hence the potential difference Us) may depend on the proportion of the coil through which the magnetic core 12 extends. Accordingly, the value of the potential difference Us is correlated to the position of the magnetic core 12.

[0065] The LVDT may include a control unit for measuring the currents Is1 and Is2 and/or the voltages Us1 and Us2 of the secondary coils 18,20. The control unit may include a processor to compare Us1 and Us2 and determine the resultant voltage Us. The resultant voltage may be indicative of the displacement of the magnetic core 12.

[0066] FIG. 2 shows a side cross-sectional view of the Linear Variable Differential Transducer (LVDT) whilst attached to a moving member 28. The primary coil 16, first secondary coil 18 and second secondary coil 20 may be wound around and located on a bobbin 22. As described above, the magnetic core 12 may be a tubular. The core support 14 may be located partially within the magnetic core 12. The core support 14 may be attached to the interior of the magnetic core 12, for example, at two attachment locations 24, 26. The core support 14 may be attached by any suitable means, such as by welding, bonding, threaded connection or interference fit.

[0067] The core support 14 may be attached to the moving element 28. The moving element 28 may be a component of any suitable system, the position or movement of which is desired to be detected. For example, the moving element 28 may be a spool of a servovalve, or a moving part of any kind of actuator. The bobbin 22 may be attached to a housing of the system including the moving element 28.

[0068] The magnetic core 12 may move along the longitudinal axis in a sealed chamber (e.g. within the bobbin 22), which may contain air, another gas, or a liquid, such as a hydraulic fluid, for example Skydrol?. When the magnetic core 12 moves within the chamber, the fluid must therefore move from one side of the magnetic core 12 to the other side of the magnetic core 12 within the chamber. This may occur through a small clearance between the magnetic core 12 and surrounding surface of the chamber (e.g. the radially inner surface of the bobbin 22). This causes damping forces, which may affect and dampen the movement of the magnetic core 12.

[0069] FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C show a method of forming a magnetic core for the LVDT of FIGS. 1A, 1B and 2. The metal sheet may comprise a soft, ductile magnetic material. For example, the material may have 45% elongation at break, and be easily plastically formed. FIG. 3A shows a side view of a flat metal sheet. FIG. 3B shows the metal sheet of FIG. 3A having been partially bent or rolled. FIG. 3C shows the metal sheet of FIGS. 3A and 3B having been fully bent or rolled to be a tubular having a substantially circular cross section (transverse to the longitudinal axis of the core 12). As shown in FIG. 3C, the metal sheet may be rolled or bent so that the opposing edges of the sheet are adjacent or proximate each other, and to align with one another in a circumferential direction. The edges may not meet, thus resulting in a tubular having a discontinuity or slit along the length thereof. When the tubular of the magnetic core 12 includes such a discontinuity, this may be useful in the embodiments in which the magnetic core 12 is arranged in the fluid filled chamber, since the fluid in the sealed chamber may flow along the channel formed by the discontinuity, reducing the damping forces acting on the magnetic core 12. Alternatively, the edges of the sheet may meet, and/or the edges may be joined together by any suitable means, such as welding, soldering or adhesives. The sheet may be rolled or bent such that it does not overlap itself, e.g. the ends of the sheet do not overlap over portions of the sheet (e.g. the sheet is not rolled in a spiral). The tubular core 12 may therefore be formed so as to have only a single layer of the sheet arranged radially outward from its central axis.

[0070] In embodiments, the inventors have recognised relatively thin sheets can be used to make the core, especially in LVDT, as they monitoring the signal, rather than needing to strongly focus the magnetic field, which generally requires a thicker, solid magnetic core. A core formed from a sheet decreases the cost of material (e.g. because 100% of the material is used), and decreases manufacturing costs and times. Further, there may be some reduction in gross eddy currents as opposed to previous solid cores, and the cores may be more accurate, i.e. provide more uniform magnetic fields.

[0071] FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the magnetic core 12, which may be formed by the method shown in FIGS. 3A-C. The magnetic core 12 may include a slit or discontinuity 30 along the length thereof. The magnetic core 12 is attached to a core support 14.

[0072] Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to various embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the scope of the accompanying claims.

[0073] For example, it is contemplated that only a single secondary coil may be used rather than the two coils 18,20, and the current induced in the single secondary coil may generate a potential difference across that coil that may be used to determine the position of the magnetic core 12.

[0074] Furthermore, although the magnetic core and coils have been discussed with respect to use in a Linear Variable Differential Transducer, it will be understood that the magnetic core and/or coils may be used in other electromagnetic devices, such as a solenoid magnet.