WAVE SPRING

Abstract

A wave spring having an axially resilient spring section including at least one one-layer wave-shaped spring configured to provide a spring force in an axial direction of the wave spring, and a radially resilient spring section configured to provide a spring force in a radial direction. The wave spring may be made from a continuous flat wire that forms both the axially resilient spring section and the radially resilient spring section, the flat wire being rotated 90° at a transition from the axial spring section to the radial spring section.

Claims

1. A wave spring comprising: an axially resilient spring section including at least one one-layer wave-shaped spring configured to provide a spring force in an axial direction of the wave spring, and a radially resilient spring section configured to provide a spring force in a radial direction.

2. The wave spring according to claim 1, wherein the wave spring is a flat wire wave spring.

3. The wave spring according to claim 1, wherein the radially resilient spring section is configured as a spiral spring having at least one winding.

4. The wave spring according to claim 1, wherein the radially resilient spring section is configured as a radially resilient membrane or cup spring.

5. The wave spring according to claim 1, wherein the axially resilient spring section and the radially resilient spring section are manufactured from a same spring steel.

6. The wave spring according to claim 1, wherein the axially resilient spring section and the radially resilient spring section are manufactured a unitary length of spring steel.

7. The wave spring according to claim 1, wherein the wave spring is manufactured from a continuous flat wire that forms both the axially resilient spring section and the radially resilient spring section, wherein the flat wire is rotated 90° at a transition from the axial spring section to the radial spring section.

8. A bearing assembly comprising: a bearing unit having an outer ring and an inner ring configured to rotate with respect to each other, and a wave spring according to claim 7 is disposed on the outer ring or on the inner ring, wherein the radially resilient spring section interacts with the inner ring or the outer ring to secure the wave spring to the bearing unit.

9. The wave spring according to claim 1, wherein the radially resilient spring section is manufactured from a different material than the axially resilient spring section.

10. The wave spring according to claim 9, wherein the radially resilient spring section is manufactured from a plastic material and the radially resilient spring section is manufactured from an elastomer material.

11. A bearing assembly comprising: a bearing unit having an outer ring and an inner ring configured to rotate with respect to each other, and a wave spring according to claim 1 is disposed on the outer ring or on the inner ring, wherein the radially resilient spring section interacts with the inner ring or the outer ring to secure the wave spring to the bearing unit.

12. The bearing assembly according to claim 11, wherein the outer ring or the inner ring includes a circumferentially extending recess in which the radially resilient spring section is received.

13. The bearing assembly according to claim 12, wherein the recess is oval or elliptical in cross-section and the radially resilient section of the wave spring is substantially circular in cross-section, or wherein the radially resilient section of the wave spring is oval or elliptical in cross-section and the recess is substantially circular in cross-section.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional view of a preferred exemplary embodiment of a wave spring.

[0018] FIG. 2 is a second schematic three-dimensional view of the wave spring from FIG. 1.

[0019] FIG. 3 is a detail view of the wave spring from FIGS. 1 and 2.

[0020] FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bearing assembly including a wave spring of FIGS. 1-3 attached to a bearing outer ring.

[0021] FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bearing assembly including a wave spring of FIGS. 1-3 attached to a bearing inner ring.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In the following, identical or functionally equivalent elements are designated by the same reference numbers.

[0023] FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 show various views of a wave spring 1, wherein the wave spring is circular cylindrical in cross-section and has an axis A. Furthermore, the wave spring 1 includes an axially resilient section 2 and a radially resilient section 4. The axially resilient section 2 comprises a plurality of layers of a spring steel designed in an undulating manner, as can also be seen in particular from FIGS. 2 and 3. Here the axially resilient section 2 is usually formed from a one piece flat wire that is laid one-atop-the-other in layers, wherein the waves of the spring steal interact with one another such that a wave peak 6 of one layer contacts a wave trough 8 of an adjacent layer, so that the characteristic wave pattern, depicted in FIGS. 1 to 3 for a wave spring is formed. Due to this arrangement of the wave peaks 6 and wave troughs 8, the axial section 2 is able to spring in the axial direction, as depicted by the arrows 10.

[0024] In the exemplary embodiment depicted, the radial section 4 is formed from the same spring steel or flat wire as the axially resilient section. In the exemplary embodiment depicted, a one piece flat wire is also used that forms both the radially and the axially resilient section. Here it is particularly preferred when the flat wire is rotated by 90° at the end of the last position, as can be seen from the detail view of FIG. 3. This means that the flat wire is placed in an axial orientation from a radial direction so that its wide side 14 extends in the axial direction in the radial section. In the axial section 2, the wide side 14-2 of the flat-band wire is thus oriented in the radial direction, while the radial surface is formed by the end side 16-2, i.e., the narrow side of the flat wire. In contrast, in the radial section 4, the wide side 14-4 of the flat wire is directed in the radial direction and forms the radial surface, while the end surface or narrow side 16-4 of the flat wire forms an axial side.

[0025] Also in the radial region 4, a plurality of layers of the flat-band spring steel are laid one-atop-other but do not have a wave shape in the exemplary embodiment depicted. The spring effect is thus that of a spiral spring that is expanded or compressed in terms of diameter for a radial spring effect.

[0026] In the exemplary embodiment depicted in FIGS. 1 to 3, the spring effect of the radially resilient section 4 is directed radially inward, which is indicated by the arrows 18. This simultaneously means that for a spring effect the diameter D of the radial spring section 4 is enlarged. On the inner side of the radially resilient section, an operative connection can thus be established to an element on which a radial spring effect is to be exerted or to which the wave spring 1 is to be attached.

[0027] FIG. 4 shows such an application case of a bearing assembly 20 in which the wave spring 1 is attached to a bearing unit 30. The bearing unit 30 includes an outer ring 32 and an inner ring 34 that are rotatably supported with respect to each other and in whose intermediate space, in the exemplary embodiment depicted, a rolling element in the form of a ball is disposed. Of course, another type of rolling elements, for example, a ball roller bearing, toroidal roller bearing, or cylindrical roller bearing, or also a plain bearing can be designed including a wave spring. Furthermore, it can be seen from FIG. 4 that a circumferential recess 38 is provided on the outer ring 32. This circumferential recess 38 can easily be produced during the manufacturing of the outer ring 32.

[0028] In order to connect the wave spring 1 to the bearing unit 30, it is furthermore provided that the radially acting spring section 4 is received in the circumferential recess 38. Here the inner diameter D of the radially acting spring section 4 is configured such that in the relaxed state it has a smaller diameter than the circumferential recess 38. In order that the radially acting spring part can be attached to the bearing ring 32, it must therefore be expanded so that it is movable into the recess 38. The spring of the radially acting spring section 4 is thereby tensioned and exerts a radially inward spring force on the outer ring 32. This allows the wave spring 1 to be attached to the bearing unit 30 without additional material interventions being required. The axial spring force is in turn provided via the axially resilient section 2.

[0029] Due to the friction between recess 38 or bearing ring 32, 34 and the wave spring 1, which friction is applied by the radial spring force, a rotation of the wave spring 1 relative to the bearing ring 32, 34 in the circumferential direction is also prevented. This rotation can furthermore be prevented when one of the parts, the wave spring 1 or the recess 38, is not circular, but rather slightly oval, while the other part is essentially circular. This oval design then also blocks or prevents rotation. Of course, both parts can also be designed oval.

[0030] Furthermore, it can be seen from FIG. 4 that the axial spring section can additionally be supported on an end surface 40 of the outer ring so that a defined seat of the wave spring 1 on the bearing unit 30 can be provided. Alternatively or additionally, the recess 38 can also include at least one stop 42 that can interact with the end surfaces 16-4 of the radially resilient section 4 of the wave spring 1. The wave spring 1 can thereby also be provided with a defined seat on the bearing ring 32.

[0031] Of course, as shown in FIG. 5, it is also possible to attach the wave spring 1 to an inner ring 50. In a manner analogous to the above-described design, this can be made possible by a recess 52 on the side of the inner ring 50 facing the outer ring 32. If, in contrast, the recess 52 is formed on the machine part carrying the inner ring 50, for example, a shaft, the radially acting spring section 4 must be configured as radially outwardly resilient. This is also possible, for example, with a correspondingly designed spiral spring. A radially outwardly resilient radial spring section 4 also makes possible an attaching of the wave spring 1 to a side of the outer ring 32 facing the inner ring 34.

[0032] Overall, with such a wave spring a simple installing of the wave spring on a machine element, such as, for example, a bearing unit, can be made possible so that a preassembled bearing assembly made of bearing unit and wave spring can be provided. Here no further material or mechanical attachment elements are necessary since the attaching is effected via friction forces or spring forces.

[0033] Representative, non-limiting examples of the present invention were described above in detail with reference to the attached drawings. This detailed description is merely intended to teach a person of skill in the art further details for practicing preferred aspects of the present teachings and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, each of the additional features and teachings disclosed above may be utilized separately or in conjunction with other features and teachings to provide improved wave springs.

[0034] Moreover, combinations of features and steps disclosed in the above detailed description may not be necessary to practice the invention in the broadest sense, and are instead taught merely to particularly describe representative examples of the invention. Furthermore, various features of the above-described representative examples, as well as the various independent and dependent claims below, may be combined in ways that are not specifically and explicitly enumerated in order to provide additional useful embodiments of the present teachings.

[0035] All features disclosed in the description and/or the claims are intended to be disclosed separately and independently from each other for the purpose of original written disclosure, as well as for the purpose of restricting the claimed subject matter, independent of the compositions of the features in the embodiments and/or the claims. In addition, all value ranges or indications of groups of entities are intended to disclose every possible intermediate value or intermediate entity for the purpose of original written disclosure, as well as for the purpose of restricting the claimed subject matter.

REFERENCE NUMBER LIST

[0036] 1 Wave spring [0037] 2 Axially resilient section [0038] 4 Radially resilient section [0039] 6 Wave peak [0040] 8 Wave trough [0041] 10 Axial spring direction [0042] 12 90° rotation of the spring-steel flat wire [0043] 14 Wide side of the spring-steel flat wire [0044] 16 Narrow side of the spring-steel flat wire [0045] 18 Radial spring direction [0046] 20 Bearing assembly [0047] 30 Bearing unit [0048] 32 Outer ring [0049] 34 Inner ring [0050] 36 Rolling element [0051] 38 Recess [0052] 40 End side of the outer ring [0053] 42 Axial stop of the recess [0054] 50 Bearing inner ring [0055] 52 Recess [0056] D Diameter of the shaft spring in the radially resilient spring section