Avocado tree named ‘MIRIAM’

Abstract

A new and distinct avocado of Persea americana P. Mill. named MIRIAM, particularly characterized by resistance to Phytophthora cinnamomi, drought, Alkaline soils, and salinity.

Claims

1. A new and distinct avocado variety of Persea americana P. Mill. named MIRIAM, as illustrated and described herein.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS

(1) The accompanying photographs illustrate the overall appearance of the new Persea americana P. Mill. variety MIRIAM showing the colors as true as is reasonably possible with colored reproductions of this type. Colors in the photographs may differ slightly from the color values cited in the detailed morphological description, which accurately describe the color of MIRIAM. Plants shown in the photographs are approximately two years old.

(2) FIG. 1Shows typical trees of MIRIAM.

(3) FIG. 2Shows a typical leaf upper surface (left) and under surface (right) of MIRIAM.

(4) FIG. 3Shows a typical shoot of MIRIAM.

(5) FIG. 4Shows a typical vegetative bud of MIRIAM.

(6) FIG. 5Shows typical buds and inflorescences of MIRIAM.

DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

(7) The new Persea americana P. Mill. MIRIAM has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions. The phenotype of the new variety may vary with variations in environment such as temperature, light intensity, day length, soil or pruning without any change in the genotype of the avocado plant.

(8) The aforementioned photographs, together with the following observations, measurements and values describe trees of MIRIAM as grown in the orchard in The Volcani Center, Israel, under conditions which closely approximate those generally used in commercial practice. The described plants were propagated by the Frolich method and planted at a distance of 64 m in sandy red loam soil at an elevation of about 30 meters above sea level with 700-1000 m3 per dunam per season of irrigation and N:P:K 30:30:5 of fertilizers. Average annual rainfall is about 550 mm, with an average 350 mm of rainfall in winter (December to February). Mean diurnal minimum temperature in January is 7.2 C., and mean diurnal maximum temperature in July is 30.8 C.

(9) Unless otherwise stated, the detailed morphological description includes observations, measurements and values taken from 2014 to 2015 and based on two-year-old MIRIAM plants/trees grown in the orchard in The Volcani Center, Israel. Quantified measurements are expressed as an average or a range of measurements taken from a number of plants of MIRIAM. The measurements of any individual plant, or any group of plants, of the new variety may vary from the stated average or range.

(10) Color references are made to The Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart (R.H.S.), (1986 edition), except where general colors of ordinary significance are used. Color values were taken under daylight conditions in full sunlight in the the Volcani Center, Israel.

(11) All of the plants of MIRIAM, insofar as they have been observed, have been consistent in all the characteristics described below. Classification: Botanical.Persea americana P. Mill. Propagation: Frolich method. Growing conditions: Light intensities.Full sunlight.

(12) TABLE-US-00002 January February March April May June Mean 17.8 18.1 20.1 24.5 27 29.2 maximum air temperature ( C.) Mean 7.2 7.1 8.8 11.5 14.6 17.9 minimum air temperature ( C.) Mean rainfall 140.5 96.9 66.1 17.5 2.2 (mm) Septem- Octo- Novem- Decem- July August ber ber ber ber Mean 30.8 31.2 30.4 28.3 24.1 19.7 maximum air temperature ( C.) Mean 20.6 21.2 19.4 16 11.8 8.6 minimum air temperature ( C.) Mean rainfall 0.4 20.4 76.2 130.3 (mm) Fertilization.A balanced fertilizer with level of N:P:K 30:30:5. Growth regulators.As used in commercial practice.

(13) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS Age: Observed trees were about 2 years old. Tree Type: West Indian. Vigor: medium. Growth habit: semi-upright. General shape: globular. Density of canopy: sparse to medium. Height: about 4 m. Number of main branches: 2 or 3. Main branch Attitude: semi-upright. Trunk Diameter at 50 cm height: 30-35 cm. Surface: very rough. Color: light brownish gray RHS 199 C. Lenticels: not visible. Young shoot Color: medium green RHS 146 C. Color of lenticel: dark green RHS 146 A. Shape of lenticels: elongated or rounded. Density of lenticels: dense. Size of lenticel: about 1 mm. Shoot Length of internode: 15-30 cm. Thickness: 7-13 mm. Color: medium green RHS 146 B. Vegetative bud Shape: conical. Length: about 2 mm. Color: light green RHS 145 C. Pubescence: weak. Young leaf Color of pubescence of petiole: white, RHS 155 B. Color of upper side: medium green RHS 144 A. Color of lower side: medium green RHS 146 B. Leaf Attitude relative to shoot: semi-upright. Leaf blade Length: 13-18 cm. Width: 60-100 mm. Ratio length/width: longer than broad. Shape: elliptic. Shape of apex: obtuse. Tip: acuminate. Color of upper side: medium green RHS 144 A. Color of lower side: medium green RHS 146 C. Anthocyanin coloration: absent. Shape in cross section: straight. Shape of base: obtuse. Twisting along whole length: absent. Twisting of apex: slight. Undulation of margin: medium. Relief of venation on upper surface: at level. Relief of venation on lower surface: raised. Color of veins of upper side: light green RHS 145 A. Color of veins of lower side: light green RHS 144 B. Number of secondary veins: 6 or 7 or 8. Distance of secondary veins: 1-1.5 cm. Density of pubescence on upper surface: absent. Density of pubescence on lower surface: medium. Color of hairs: white, RHS 155B. Anise aroma: weak. Petiole Length: 35-50 mm. Thickness: about 3 mm. Color: light green RHS 144 B. Pubescence: medium. Cross section: rounded and truncate. Lenticels: few. Inflorescence Length of axis: 30-38 mm. Thickness of axis: 5-6 mm. Number of side branches: 4 or 5 or 6 or 7. Length of lowest branch: 60-85 mm. Pubescence: medium. Color: 'medium yellow green RHS 151 A. Anthocyanin coloration: absent. Size of lenticels: pinhead. Shape of lenticels: rounded. Color of lenticels: 152B. Flower Position of nectary: along the main axis. Size of nectary: pinhead. Color of nectary: 152C. Length of pedicel: 5-7 mm. Number of petals: 6. Diameter: 8-10 mm. Shape: star shape. Fragrance: none. Number of styles: 1. Number of stamen: usually 6. Petal Length: 2-3 mm. Width: about 2 mm. Shape: triangular. Color of upper side: 'medium yellow green RHS 151 A. Color of lower side: 151B. Texture of Upper and Lower Surfaces: smooth. Style Shape of style: curved. Length of style: about 3 mm. Color of style: very light green RHS 145 D. Pubescence: not visible. Stamen Number: usually 6. Length of filament: 2-3 mm. Color of filament: very light green RHS 145 D. Pubescence of filament: not visible. Anther Size: pinhead. Shape: elongated. Color: 151D. Color of pollen: 151D. Sepal Shape: triangular. Length: miniscule. Width: miniscule. Color of outer surface: 151D. Color of inner surface: 151D. Disease resistance: Phytophthora cinnamomi resistance. Pest resistance: No atypical resistance has been noted. Disease susceptibility: None observed. Pest susceptibility: None observed.