Striking tool and rotor fitted therewith for a machine for crushing metal objects or stone materials

Abstract

A striking tool for crushing metal objects or stone materials, manufactured from an iron-based material and including a bearing section, into which a bearing opening provided for the freely swinging mounting of the striking tool on a metallic shaft is formed with an inner circumferential surface surrounding the bearing opening, and including a striking section, which is exposed to a striking load by contact with the material to be crushed, and a rotor for a machine for crushing metal objects or stone materials, including at least one metallic shaft, on which at least one formed striking tool is mounted with its bearing opening, with there being metallic frictional contact between the outer circumferential surface of the shaft and the inner circumferential surface of the bearing opening of the striking tool. The striking tool allows, the danger of excess wear in the region of its bearing opening to be minimized.

Claims

1. A striking tool for crushing metal objects or stone materials, manufactured from an iron-based material and comprising: a bearing section, into which a bearing opening with an inner circumferential surface surrounding the bearing opening is formed, wherein the bearing opening is provided for mounting of the striking tool on a shaft in a freely swinging manner; and comprising a striking section, which is configured to be exposed to a striking load by contact with the material to be crushed, wherein at least one recess is channel-shaped and formed into a section of the inner circumferential surface of the bearing opening; and wherein the at least one recess circulates in a spiral manner along the inner circumferential surface and is formed into a section of the inner circumferential surface such that between two adjacent sections of the at least one recess in each case a circumferential surface region of the inner circumferential surface is present.

2. The striking tool according to claim 1, wherein the at least one recess is provided at least in one section of the inner circumferential surface of the bearing opening, which is loaded with pressure when the striking tool is mounted on the metallic shaft of a rotating rotor.

3. The striking tool according to claim 1, wherein in the section of the inner circumferential surface of the bearing opening provided with the at least one recess, a surface structure is formed through the at least one recess in which at least one circumferential surface region of the inner circumferential surface is separated by the at least one recess from an adjacent circumferential surface region of the inner circumferential surface.

4. The striking tool according to claim 1, wherein the at least one recess circulates around the longitudinal axis of the bearing opening.

5. The striking tool according to claim 1, wherein the at least one recess circulates around the bearing opening in the manner of a ring groove.

6. The striking tool according to claim 1, wherein the circumferential surface region surrounded by the at least one recess is elliptical, circular, square or rhombus-shaped.

7. The striking tool according to claim 1, wherein the striking tool comprises a surface layer adjoining the inner circumferential surface and a core layer adjoining the surface layer and delimited by the surface layer from the bearing opening: wherein the hardness of the surface layer is less than the hardness of the core layer; wherein a depth (T) of the recess measured in a radial direction (R) proceeding from the inner circumferential surface of the striking tool is at least equal to a thickness of the surface layer.

8. The striking tool according to claim 7, wherein the depth (T) of the at least one recess is 2 to 30 mm.

9. The striking tool according to claim 1, wherein the at least one recess occupies 25 to 50% of the inner circumferential surface of the bearing opening.

10. The striking tool according to claim 1, wherein the striking tool consists of an iron or steel cast material.

11. A rotor for a machine for crushing metal objects or stone materials, comprising at least one metallic shaft, on which at least one striking tool formed according to claim 1 is mounted with the bearing opening, wherein there is metallic frictional contact between the outer circumferential surface of the shaft and the inner circumferential surface of the bearing opening of the striking tool.

12. A striking tool for crushing metal objects or stone materials, manufactured from an iron-based material and comprising: a bearing section, into which a bearing opening with an inner circumferential surface surrounding the bearing opening is formed, wherein the bearing opening is provided for mounting of the striking tool on a shaft in a freely swinging manner; and comprising a striking section, which is configured to be exposed to a striking load by contact with the material to be crushed, wherein at least one recess is formed into a section of the inner circumferential surface of the bearing opening; and wherein the at least one recess completely surrounds at least one circumferential surface region of the inner circumferential surface in the longitudinal (LR) and circumferential direction (UR) of the inner circumferential surface; and wherein the at least one circumferential surface region surrounded by the at least one recess is elliptical, circular, square, or rhombus-shaped.

13. A striking tool for crushing metal objects or stone materials, manufactured from an iron-based material and comprising: a bearing section, into which a bearing opening with an inner circumferential surface surrounding the bearing opening is formed, wherein the bearing opening is provided for mounting of the striking tool on a shaft in a freely swinging manner; and comprising a striking section, which is configured to be exposed to a striking load by contact with the material to be crushed, wherein at least one recess is channel-shaped and formed into a section of the inner circumferential surface of the bearing opening; and wherein two or more recesses are formed into the inner circumferential surface of the bearing opening distributed in the longitudinal direction (LR) of the bearing opening, the recesses being separated from one another by a section of the inner circumferential surface.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The invention is explained in more detail in the following with reference to a drawing representing an exemplary embodiment. The figures show schematically and not to scale:

(2) FIG. 1 a striking tool in perspective view;

(3) FIG. 2 the striking tool according to FIG. 1 in a longitudinal section;

(4) FIG. 3-6 configurations of the striking tool in a longitudinal sectional representation corresponding to FIG. 2.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(5) The striking tool 1 serves as the striking hammer for crushing metal scrap, such as vehicle bodies, mineral raw materials or mineral waste, such as construction debris, overburden or the like.

(6) To this end, the striking tool is mounted on a conventional rotor not shown here in the manner so as to swing on a shaft of the rotor also not shown here. The manner of the swinging mounting of a striking tool, which belongs to the same generic group as a striking tool according to the invention, is for example described in EP 1 047 499 B1.

(7) In order to fulfil its purpose, the striking tool 1 cast in a conventional manner in one piece for example from a Hadfield steel has a striking section 2 hardened by a suitable heat treatment in a manner also known per se, which comes into contact with the material to be crushed during practical use and as a result is exposed to extreme striking loads, and has a bearing section 3, which is heat treated in a similarly known manner such that it has a sufficient toughness and elongation properties, by means of which it is capable of absorbing the dynamic loads acting on the striking tool 1 during use.

(8) A centrally arranged bearing opening 4 is formed into the bearing section 3 which extends between the front ends 5, 6 of the striking tool 1 over its width B. The central longitudinal axis L of the bearing opening 4 defines the swing axis around which the striking tool 1 swings during use around the shaft of the rotor generally also consisting of a steel material. A metallic frictional contact exists between the outer circumferential surface of the shaft of the rotor and the inner circumferential surface 7 which surrounds the bearing opening 4 of the striking tool 1. In the new state, the shape of the inner circumferential surface 7 corresponds to the shape of the hollow cylindrical surface, whose diameter is the same as the clear width dW of the bearing opening 4.

(9) In the case of the configuration of the striking tool 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, four recesses 8a to 8d each formed in the manner of a channel-shaped ring groove and circulating around the central longitudinal axis L of the bearing opening 4 are formed into the inner circumferential surface 7 distributed at regular distances over the width B of the striking tool 1. The circular sections of the inner circumferential surface each present between the recesses 8a to 8d are separated from one another by the recesses 8a to 8d.

(10) The depth T measured in the radial direction R and the clear width W of the inner circumferential-side opening surface of the recesses 8a to 8d measured at the border to the inner circumferential surface 7 are dimensioned, taking into account the groove shape of the recesses 8a to 8d, such that, on the one hand, sufficient space is present in the region of the recesses 8a to 8d to receive material which is displaced during use from the sections, which each laterally adjoin the recesses 8a to 8d, of the material of the striking tool 1 surrounding the bearing opening 4. Otherwise, the clear width W of the recesses 8a to 8d is dimensioned such that the inner circumferential-side openings of the recesses 8a to 8d occupy for example roughly 40% of the entire circumferential surface 7, i.e. of the inner circumferential surface of a hollow cylinder, whose diameter corresponds to the clear width dW of the bearing opening 4.

(11) In the case of the embodiment represented in FIG. 3, a plurality of channel-shaped recesses 8e to 8g arranged distributed at regular distances around the circumference of the bearing opening 4 are also present, which in the case of the projection into the drawing plane carried out in FIG. 2, extend, aligned in relation to the central longitudinal axis L of the bearing opening at an angle of 45°, in a spiral manner in the longitudinal LR and circumferential direction UR of the bearing opening 4.

(12) In the case of the configuration represented in FIG. 4, the inner circumferential surface 7 is also profiled by channel-shaped recesses 8h to 8l, which, in the projection into the drawing plane, have sections tapering in a V shape, which are equilateral and angled with respect to the longitudinal axis L by 45°.

(13) In the case of the variants represented in FIGS. 5 and 6, the recesses 8m and 8n form a connecting, pattern-like structure, in which rhombus (FIG. 5) or circular (FIG. 6) shaped circumferential surface sections 9a to 9c; 10a to 10c are surrounded in the longitudinal and circumferential direction on all sides by the respective recess 8m, 8n such that respectively adjacent circumferential surface sections 9a to 9c; 10a to 10c are each separated from one another by a section of the recess 8m, 8n in question. Such structuring of the inner circumferential surface 7 through the recesses 8m, 8n has the advantage that material extensions in the circumferential and longitudinal direction of the bearing opening 4 can be reliably received by the recesses 8m, 8n.

REFERENCE NUMERALS

(14) 1 Striking tool 2 Striking section 3 Bearing section 4 Bearing opening 5,6 Front ends of the striking tool 1 7 Inner circumferential surface of the bearing opening 4 8a-8n Recesses into the inner circumferential surface 7 9a-9c Circumferential surface sections 10a-10c Circumferential surface sections B Width of the striking tool 1 dW Clear width dW of the bearing opening 4 L Central longitudinal axis of the bearing opening 4 LR Longitudinal direction R radial direction T depth of the recesses 8a to 8n UR circumferential direction W clear width of the inner circumferential-side opening surface of the recesses 8a to 8n