HEAT EXCHANGER AND METHOD OF WETTING HEAT EXCHANGERS

Abstract

A heat exchanger including a first module and a second module for heat exchange between a first fluid medium and a second fluid medium. The first fluid medium is conducted through a closed channel system separate from the second fluid medium, with the closed channel system flowed around by the gaseous second fluid medium. The first module and the second module are wetted by a third fluid medium, with a first wetting apparatus wetting the first module being actuatable independently of a second wetting apparatus wetting the second module. A first blocking element is provided for the first wetting apparatus. A second blocking element is provided for the second wetting apparatus. A monitoring system is provided by means of which the period of use of each blocking element can be detected so that the blocking elements can be switched in based on the data on the period of use.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger including at least one first module and one second module for the heat exchange between a first fluid medium and a second fluid medium, wherein the first fluid medium can be conducted through a closed channel system separate from the second fluid medium, with the closed channel system being able to be flowed around by the second fluid medium and with the second fluid medium being gaseous, characterized in that a first wetting apparatus is provided for the first module and a second wetting apparatus is provided for the second module by means of which wetting apparatus the first module and the second module can be wetted by a third fluid medium, with the first wetting apparatus for the first module being able to be actuated independently of the wetting apparatus for the second module, and wherein a first blocking element is provided for the first wetting apparatus and a second blocking element is provided for the second wetting apparatus, and wherein a monitoring system is provided by means of which the period of use of each of the blocking elements be detected so that the blocking elements can be switched in based on the data on the period of use.

2. A heat exchanger in accordance with claim 1, wherein the first blocking element and the second blocking element include at least one valve which can be actuated by means of a magnet, a valve which can be actuated hydraulically or a valve which can be actuated pneumatically.

3. A heat exchanger in accordance with claim 1, wherein the closed channel system includes at least one pipe system, a system of fins or a system of plates for taking up the first fluid medium.

4. A heat exchanger in accordance with claim 1, wherein the first module and the second module are configured so that the closed channel system can be wetted directly by means of the first wetting apparatus and/or the second wetting apparatus.

5. A heat exchanger in accordance with claim 1, wherein the channel system is arranged at an angle of inclination to the vertical direction.

6. A method of wetting a heat exchanger including at least one first module and one second module for the heat exchange between a first fluid medium and a second fluid medium, wherein the first fluid medium is conducted through a closed channel system separate from the second fluid medium, with the closed channel system being flowed around by the second fluid medium, with the second fluid medium being gaseous, characterized in that a first wetting apparatus is provided for the first module and a second wetting apparatus is provided for the second module by means of which the first module and the second module can be wetted by a third fluid medium, with the first wetting apparatus for the first module being able to be actuated independently of the wetting apparatus for the second module, and wherein the period of use of each of the wetting apparatus is registered by a monitoring system and each of the wetting apparatus can be switched in as required in dependence on the prior period of use.

Description

[0046] There are shown

[0047] FIG. 1 a view of a module of heat exchangers in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0048] FIG. 2 a view of a module of heat exchangers in accordance with the prior art;

[0049] FIG. 3 a diagram illustrating the advantages of the heat exchanger in accordance with the invention;

[0050] FIG. 4 a schematic representation of the channel system of a heat exchanger; and

[0051] The heat exchanger 1 in accordance with FIG. 1 has a wetting apparatus. This heat exchanger 1 has a first module 2 and a second module up to an eighth module 12, 22, 32, 42, 52, 62, 72. Each of the modules is equipped with a ventilation apparatus, for example a fan, to allow a throughflow of the module with air.

[0052] A heat exchange between a first fluid medium and a second fluid medium takes place in each module. The first fluid medium is guided separate from the second fluid medium through a closed channel system 3 so that the first medium does not come into contact with the second medium, which is shown in FIG. 1. The closed channel system is flowed around by the second medium. The second fluid medium is gaseous. The closed channel system 3 contains a plurality of microchannel heat transfer elements 7, 17, 27 of which only three have been provided with reference numerals for reasons of clarity. The microchannel heat transfer elements 7, 17, 27 can, for example, be designed as flat pipes which are arranged in parallel with one another. Adjacent microchannel heat transfer elements 7, 17, 27 are arranged at a spacing from one another and a plurality of heat exchange ribs 8, 18, 28 are arranged between the microchannel heat transfer elements 7, 17, 27 and are connected to the same in a heat conductive manner, for example via a solder connection. Air channels, which extend perpendicular to the image plane in the module shown in FIG. 2, are formed by the heat exchange ribs 8, 18, 28. The heat exchange ribs are as a rule made from a folded strip of sheet metal which can have a zigzag pattern.

[0053] The microchannel heat transfer elements 7, 17, 27 can be made as an extruded section which is manufactured from a material having good thermal conductivity such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy. The microchannel heat transfer elements 7, 17, 27, that is in the present case the extruded sections, contain a plurality of channels having a diameter of 0.5 to a maximum of 3 mm.

[0054] An inlet element 9 which opens into an inlet tank channel 10 is provided for feeding in the second medium. The microchannel heat transfer elements 7, 17, 27 lead from the inlet tank channel 10 to the outlet tank channel 20 which opens into an outlet element 19.

[0055] The individual parts of the module such as the microchannel heat transfer elements 7, 17, 27, the heat exchange ribs 8, 18, 28, the inlet and outlet tank channels 10, 20 and the inlet and outlet elements 9, 19 are advantageously produced from aluminum or an aluminum alloy and the assembled parts are soldered to one another in a soldering furnace.

[0056] FIG. 1 shows a wetting apparatus 4 for the first module 2 as well as corresponding second to eighth wetting apparatus 14, 24, 34, 44, 54, 64, 74 for the second to eighth modules 12, 22, 32, 42, 52, 62, 72. Since all modules and all wetting apparatus have substantially the same design, only the wetting apparatus 4 for the first module 2 will be described in the following for reasons of simplicity, for which purpose reference should also be made to FIG. 5. FIG. 5 shows a section along the line A-A of FIG. 1.

[0057] The wetting apparatus is equipped with spray nozzles 16 to wet the second fluid medium with a third fluid medium. The spray nozzle may preferably be for example a hollow-cone nozzle, a flat spray nozzle. Advantage of the flat spray nozzle is that they have a larger cross-section and therefore less nozzles are required. Furthermore flat spray nozzles generate a more uniform spray pattern than with hollow cone nozzles that prevent the complete evaporation of the water on the heat exchanger and thus that deposit can form.

[0058] The second medium is in particular a gas, preferably environmental air. The third medium is preferably a liquid, in particular water. A first wetting apparatus 4 is provided for the first module and a second wetting apparatus 14 is provided for the second module 12 as well as further wetting apparatus 24, 34, 44, 54, 64, 74 for each of the modules 22, 32, 42, 52, 62. 72. Each of the wetting apparatus for each module 2 can be actuated independently of the wetting apparatus for every other module. There is naturally also the possibility that modules are supplied pairwise from a wetting apparatus, which is shown as a variant in FIG. 5.

[0059] FIG. 2 shows a wetting apparatus in accordance with the prior art. As in FIG. 1, this heat exchanger 1 has a first module 2 and a second module up to an eighth module 12, 22, 32, 42, 52, 62, 72. Each of the modules is equipped with a ventilation apparatus, for example a fan, to allow a throughflow of the module with air. Each nodule is also equipped with a wetting apparatus 4. However, this wetting apparatus can only be regulated centrally by means of a single blocking element 5. This means that in this case either all the modules or none of the modules are sprayed.

[0060] FIG. 3 shows a diagram in which the operating hours of the heat exchanger are entered on the abscissa. The air temperature is entered on the ordinate. The diagram illustrates the advantages of the invention using an embodiment. The dry design temperature of 31.2 C. is lowered to 30.0 C. due to the solution, in accordance with the invention, with the period of use being increased from 50 h/a to 145 h/a with the same framework conditions. In the example in accordance with FIG. 3, the framework conditions were given as follows: 50 h duration of the spraying per module or 50 h duration of the spraying per heat exchanger.

[0061] FIG. 4 shows a possible design of a module of a heat exchanger. The subject matter of FIG. 4 was already looked at an earlier point.

[0062] FIG. 5 shows a section through an arrangement of two oppositely disposed module pairs 2A, 2B of a module 2 of a heat exchanger 1 which shows different possibilities of the arrangement of wetting apparatus 4, 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D. Each of the module pairs 2A, 2B can form an independent module; alternatively the module 2 could be arranged in ring form about the centrally arranged air channel 11. A ventilation device 13 is provided which sucks in air from the environment and conducts it through the air channel 11. Each of the modules can be designed as described in connection with FIG. 4. It is also shown in FIG. 5 that each of the modules 2A and 2B includes an angle of inclination to the vertical direction. This angle with respect to the vertical direction can lie in the range from at least 10 up to and including 40, preferably in the range from at least 15 up to and including 30. The angle is advantageously determined in that the gravity and/or the intertie forces which act on drops of the liquid which forms the third medium on or in a module in operation are in balance with the buoyancy forces of the airflow. The size and number of the modules 2A, 3b is usually defined in accordance with the required cooling capacity.

[0063] The wetting apparatus 4 is composed of a line which feeds a plurality of spray nozzles which are arranged behind one another and of which only a single one is provided with a reference numeral. The supply of liquid to the spray nozzles 16 can be suppressed using the blocking element 5. The wetting apparatus 4A in accordance with a variant shown in FIG. 5 can naturally also only have a single spray nozzle 16A. The supply of liquid to the spray nozzles 16A can be suppressed using the blocking element 5A.

[0064] A wetting apparatus 4B can correspondingly be provided for the second module 2B having a spray nozzle 16B which can be regulated by the blocking element 5B in the same way as is shown for the wetting apparatus 4A. A wetting apparatus 4C has, analogously to the wetting apparatus 4, a plurality of spray nozzles 16C which can be regulated together via the blocking element 5C.

[0065] In addition or as an alternative to this, the wetting apparatus 4D can also be arranged between the two modules 2A and 2B in the air channel 11. In this case, both the module 2A and the module 2B are simultaneously supplied with liquid from the spray nozzles 16D, 16E, with the spray nozzles 16D being directed in the direction of the module 2A and the spray nozzles 16E being oriented in the direction of the module 2B. A blocking element 5D regulates the liquid supply to both spray nozzles 16D and 16E. Provision can alternatively also be made to provide one blocking element each for each of the spray nozzles 16D and 16E.