System for damping vibrations, damping device and method for attaching a damping device to a component

Abstract

A system for damping vibrations has a damping device which has a fastening anchor configured to be fixed to a component. The anchor has a rod-shaped insertion element and an axial securing element projecting radially from the insertion element. The damping device has an elastic all-metal cushion having an opening dimensioned, in the unexpanded state, such that the axial securing element is not insertable through it. Part of the system is also an installation aid configured to be releasably fastened to the anchor. The installation aid is shaped in such a manner that, when it is fastened to the anchor and the cushion is pushed over the installation aid, said installation aid expands the opening of the cushion in the radial direction to such an extent that the opening of the cushion passes the axial securing element during pushing on, and the cushion latches behind the axial securing element.

Claims

1. A system for damping vibrations, the system comprising: a damping device comprising: a fastening anchor configured to be fixed to a component, the fastening anchor comprising a rod-shaped insertion anchor and an axial securing element projecting in a radial direction from the insertion element, and an elastic all-metal cushion comprising an opening dimensioned, in an unexpanded state, such that the axial securing element is not insertable through it; and an installation aid configured to be releasably fastened to the fastening anchor, wherein the installation aid is shaped such that, when it is fastened to the fastening anchor and the all-metal cushion is pushed over the installation aid, the installation aid expands the opening of the all-metal cushion in the radial direction to such an extent that the opening of the all-metal cushion passes the axial securing element and the all-metal cushion latches behind the axial securing element.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the insertion element comprises a circumferential surface, and wherein the axial securing element is formed by a step on the circumferential surface.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the step is located at one end of the insertion element, thereby forming a collar.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the insertion element is a sleeve.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the installation aid comprises a cylindrical portion configured to be inserted into the sleeve with a transition fit having a small excess size to releasably fasten the installation aid to the fastening anchor.

6. The system of claim 4, wherein the component is a first component, the system further comprising a fastening element configured to be passed through the sleeve and fastened to a second component.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the installation aid comprises a portion having a cross section which increases in a longitudinal direction of the installation aid to expand the opening of the all-metal cushion.

8. The system of claim 1, comprising an axial securing element projecting in the radial direction at each end of the insertion element.

9. A damping device for damping vibrations, the device comprising: a fastening anchor comprising a rod-shaped insertion element and an axial securing element projecting in a radial direction from the insertion element, wherein the fastening anchor is configured to be fixed to a component; an elastic all-metal cushion comprising an opening dimensioned such that the axial securing element is not insertable through it when the all-metal cushion is in an unexpanded state; and wherein the opening of the all-metal cushion is configured to be expanded in the radial direction with the aid of an installation aid to such an extent that the opening in the all-metal cushion passes the axial securing element and the all-metal cushion latches behind the axial securing element.

10. A method for attaching a damping device to a component, the method comprising: providing a damping device comprising: an elastic all-metal cushion comprising an opening, and a fastening anchor comprising a rod-shaped insertion element and an axial securing element projecting radially from the rod-shaped insertion element; releasably fastening an installation aid to a first end of the fastening anchor; pushing the all-metal cushion with the opening over the installation aid to expand the opening of the all-metal cushion in the radial direction to such an extent that the opening passes the axial securing element and latches the all-metal cushion behind the axial securing element; and at a time after the providing, inserting the insertion element into a bore in the component, wherein the diameter the bore is smaller than an outer diameter of the all-metal cushion.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein: the bore is a through-bore having a length smaller than a length of the insertion element; the elastic all-metal cushion is a first elastic all-metal cushion; and the method further comprises repeating the fastening and the pushing after the inserting, wherein the repeated fastening and pushing are performed using a second elastic all-metal cushion at a second end of the fastening anchor lying opposite the first end, as a result of which the component is surrounded by the first and second all-metal cushions.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the insertion element is a sleeve, wherein the component is a first component, the method further comprising: passing a fastening element through the sleeve; and fastening the fastening element to a second component.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings, in which:

[0034] FIGS. 1 to 10 show a damping device according to the invention according to a first embodiment in an axial section during various phases when fastening the damping device between two components;

[0035] FIG. 11 shows the damping device, which is shown in FIGS. 1 to 10, and the installation aid in a perspective illustration;

[0036] FIG. 12 shows a damping device according to the invention according to a second embodiment in an axial section;

[0037] FIG. 13 shows the damping device, which is shown in FIG. 12, in the fitted state.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

1. First Embodiment

[0038] FIG. 1 shows, in an axial section, part of a flange 10 that belongs to a first component which is intended to be connected in a vibration-damped manner to a second component. The flange 10 is provided with a cylindrical through-bore 12 which has a diameter D.sub.B. In the embodiment illustrated, the insertion element is a cylindrical sleeve 14 which has an encircling collar 16a and 16b at each of its opposite ends. The collar 16a, 16b projects in the radial direction from the cylindrical outer surface of the sleeve 14 and has an outer diameter D.sub.K which is smaller than the diameter D.sub.B of the through-bore 12. The insertion element can thereby be passed completely through the through-bore 12, as can be seen in FIG. 1.

[0039] An installation aid 18, which, in the embodiment illustrated, has a conical portion 20, a first cylindrical portion 22 and a second cylindrical portion 24, can be seen above the sleeve 14 in FIG. 2. In the embodiment illustrated, the diameter of the first cylindrical portion 22 is equal to the outer diameter D.sub.K of the collar 16a. The diameter of the second cylindrical portion 24 is smaller than the diameter of the first cylindrical portion 22 and slightly smaller than the inner diameter D.sub.1, which is shown in FIG. 1, of the sleeve 14. The installation aid 18 can therefore be introduced with its second cylindrical portion 24 into the upper end of the sleeve 14 in the direction indicated with an arrow. The diameter of the second cylindrical portion 24 is coordinated here with the inner diameter D.sub.i of the sleeve 14 in such a manner that the installation aid 18 is insertable into the sleeve with a transition fit having a small excess size. Ideally, the second portion 24 of the installation aid 18 can therefore be inserted into the sleeve 14 by hand, is held securely there and can be released again from the sleeve 14 later, likewise by hand, by pulling on the installation aid 18.

[0040] FIG. 3 shows the installation aid 18 after its fastening to the upper end of the sleeve 14. An encircling shoulder 25, which is formed between the two cylindrical portions 22, 24 of the installation aid 18, rests flat here on the encircling collar 16a of the sleeve 14, and therefore the installation aid cannot be completely inserted into the sleeve, but rather projects with its conical portion 20 and the first cylindrical portion 22 over the sleeve 14. The first cylindrical portion 22 is aligned with the outer surface of the collar 16a.

[0041] In a next step, a damping element 26 is pushed on over the installation aid 18, as FIG. 4 illustrates. The damping element 26 has an all-metal cushion 28 which is substantially annular in the embodiment illustrated. As can be seen in the enlarged detail A of FIG. 8, the all-metal cushion 28 has the form of a rotation body which is obtained by rotation of a rectangular surface about the axis of symmetry 30, which lies in the plane of the surface, but does not intersect said plane. The all-metal cushion 28 is surrounded from the top and from the bottom by first and second plate-like holder elements 32, 34, said holder elements being spaced apart from each other in the axial direction. The two holder elements 32, 34 in each case engage around the all-metal cushion 28 in the radial direction and from the top and from the bottom. As can best be seen in the enlarged illustration of FIG. 8, the first holder element 32 is substantially annular and has a single angle. The second holder element 34 is likewise annular, but has two angles. Owing to the encircling gap 36 between the holder elements 32, 34, the all-metal cushion 28 arranged therebetween can be compressed in the axial direction without the holder elements 32, 34 butting against each other at their encircling, angled ends. The holder elements 32, 34 are connected nonreleasably by spot welding to the all-metal cushion 28 and, together with the latter, form a unit which can be comfortably handled during the installation.

[0042] The central openings in the holder elements 32, 34 have a diameter which is somewhat larger than the outer diameter of the collar 16a, 16b. However, this does not apply to the all-metal cushion 28. In the unexpanded state, the opening 37 of the all-metal cushion has an inner diameter D.sub.G which, in the embodiment illustrated, is as large as the outer diameter of the sleeve 14, but is somewhat smaller than the outer diameter D.sub.K of the collar 16a. The damping element 26 together with the all-metal cushion 28 therefore cannot be readily pushed on over the collar 16a of the sleeve 14.

[0043] However, the damping element 26 can be pushed over the collar 16a when the opening 37 is expanded with the use of the installation aid 18, as is illustrated in FIG. 5. When, during the pushing of the damping element 26 onto the installation aid 18, the all-metal cushion 28 in the region of the conical portion 20 touches the installation aid 18, as FIG. 5 shows, the all-metal cushion 28 is compressed in the radial direction by the conical portion 20 during further pushing on and, in the process, the opening 37 is expanded. By means of slight pressure, the damping element 26 can therefore be pushed over the conical portion 20 of the installation aid 18 counter to the resistance of the all-metal cushion 28, which is compressed in the radial direction, until the damping element 26 is located on the first cylindrical portion 22 of the installation aid 18, as FIG. 6 shows. The opening 37 is then expanded to a maximum.

[0044] The all-metal cushion 28 is then pushed downward further over the first cylindrical portion 22 and the upper collar 16a until the all-metal cushion 28 latches behind the encircling collar 16a, as FIG. 7 and the enlarged detail A therefrom according to FIG. 8 show. A narrow annular region of the upper axial surface of the all-metal cushion 28 then lies against an encircling step 40 of width b, which is formed by the collar 16a. As a result of the latching, the damping element 26 can now no longer be readily pulled off upward.

[0045] The damping element 26 is now located between the flange 10 and the collar 16a of the sleeve 14 and can be braced there when required.

[0046] In the next step, the installation aid 18 is preferably pulled off from the sleeve 14.

[0047] The above-described operation is then repeated with the second damping element 26 on the downwardly facing side of the sleeve 14. FIG. 9 shows the above-described arrangement after the attaching of the second damping element 26, before the installation aid 18 is pulled off downward. A damping device 41 consisting of the sleeve 14 and two damping elements 26, 26 is now fastened to the flange 10 and can be used to connect the flange 10 of the first component to a second component.

[0048] Such a connection is illustrated in FIG. 10. A screw 42, the threaded portion 44 of which is screwed into a threaded bore 46 of the second component 48, is guided through the sleeve 14 of the damping device 41. The flange 10 of the first component can then carry out vibrations in the axial direction between the second component 48 and a head 50 of the screw 42, said vibrations being damped by the damping elements 26, 26. At the same time, the screwing prestresses the all-metal cushions 28 of the two damping element 26, 26.

[0049] FIG. 11 shows the damping device 41 without a flange 10 in a perspective illustration after the installation aid 18 has been pulled off.

[0050] It has been described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8 that first of all the sleeve 14 is inserted into the through-bore 12 of the flange 10 and then the damping element 26 is pushed over the collar 16a of the sleeve 14 with the use of the installation aid 18. As an alternative thereto, the operation can also be carried out in a reverse sequence. In this case, first of all the damping element 26 is attached to the sleeve 14 and subsequently the sleeve 14 is introduced into the through-bore 12 from the opposite side. In both cases, the arrangement shown in FIG. 7 is obtained.

2. Second Embodiment

[0051] FIGS. 12 and 13 show a damping device 141 according to the invention according to a second embodiment in axial steps before and after the attaching to two components 10, 48.

[0052] In contrast to the damping device 41 according to the first embodiment, the damping device 141 shown in FIG. 12 does not have a sleeve as insertion element, but rather a stepped bolt 114 which, on its upwardly facing side, is provided with a blind bore 52 into which the second cylindrical portion 24 of the mounting aid 18 can be pushed with a transition fit having a small excess size.

[0053] Located on the opposite side of the stepped bolt 114 is a portion 54 having an enlarged cross section which is bounded on the end side by a wider flange 56. As can be seen in FIG. 13, the outer diameter of the portion 54 is dimensioned in such a manner that the latter can be inserted from below into the through-bore 12 of the flange 10 with a transition fit having a small excess size until the flange 56 of the stepped bolt 114 lies against the flange 10 of the first component.

[0054] The damping element 126 is constructed similarly to the previously explained damping element 26. However, in comparison to the holder element 32 of the first embodiment, the upper plate-like holder element 132 is bent over outward twice on its upper side. This forms a wide annular contact surface 58 for the second component 48, said contact surface protruding outward in the axial direction over the end surface 60 of the stepped bolt 114. The all-metal cushion 28 can thereby be compressed for damping vibrations without the second component 48 striking against the end surface of the stepped bolt 114.

[0055] In addition, in this embodiment, the opening 37 of the all-metal cushion 28 has an inner diameter D.sub.G which is not only smaller than the outer diameter D.sub.K of the collar 16, but is also somewhat smaller than the outer diameter of the sleeve 14. As a result, the all-metal cushion also remains compressed in the radial direction after the latching.

[0056] The damping element 126 is fastened to the stepped bolt 114 in the same manner as has been explained above in conjunction with the first embodiment with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8. A second damping element is not provided in this embodiment.

[0057] The second component 48 is not screwed to the first component, but rather merely supported because of its dead weight on the damping element 126, which serves here as a support. As a result, axial vibrations of the first or the second component 48 are only transmitted in damped form to the other component in each case.