Polymer-dispersed liquid crystal composition, preparation method of polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film, and display panel

Abstract

A polymer-dispersed liquid crystal composition, a preparation method of a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film, and a display panel are provided. The polymer-dispersed liquid crystal composition includes a prepolymer and a liquid crystal molecule, wherein the prepolymer is a fluorine-containing polyimide precursor chemically bonded to a polyaniline, including a polycondensation unit formed from a fluorine-containing dianhydride monomer and a fluorine-containing diamine monomer. In the present application, the conductive polyaniline is chemically bonded to the fluorine-containing polyimide precursor to increase the conductivity of the polyimide precursor. Further, a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film having a driving voltage lower than 30 V and excellent insulating property and radiation resistance is obtained.

Claims

1. A polymer-dispersed liquid crystal composition, comprising a liquid crystal molecule and a prepolymer, wherein the prepolymer is a fluorine-containing polyimide precursor chemically bonded to a polyaniline, comprising a polycondensation unit formed from a fluorine-containing dianhydride monomer and a fluorine-containing diamine monomer; and wherein the fluorine-containing dianhydride monomer has any one of structures represented by formulas (i-1) to (i-3): ##STR00016## and the fluorine-containing diamine monomer has any one of structures represented by formulas (ii-1) to (ii-4): ##STR00017##

2. The polymer-dispersed liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the prepolymer has a structure represented by formula (I): ##STR00018## wherein Ar1 is selected from any one of: ##STR00019## Ar2 is selected from any one of: ##STR00020## and n is from 3 to 5.

3. The polymer-dispersed liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein a mass ratio of the prepolymer to the liquid crystal molecule is (70-90):(10-30).

4. A method for preparing a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film, comprising: a step of obtaining polyamic acid: reacting a monomer mixture at room temperature to obtain a; a step of forming a polymer film: forming the polymer film by reacting the polyamic acid at a high temperature; and a step of forming the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film: mixing liquid crystal material and the polymer film, melting the mixed liquid crystal material and the polymer film, and cooling the melted mixed liquid crystal material and the polymer film to form the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film; wherein the prepolymer of the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal comprises a fluorine-containing dianhydride monomer, a fluorine-containing diamine monomer, and a polyaniline, and the fluorine-containing dianhydride monomer has any one of structures represented by formulas (i-1) to (i-3): ##STR00021## and the fluorine-containing diamine monomer has any one of structures represented by formulas (ii-1) to (ii-4): ##STR00022##

5. The preparing method according to claim 4, wherein the polyaniline has a structure represented by formula (iii): ##STR00023## n is from 3 to 5.

6. The preparing method according to claim 4, wherein the monomer mixture further comprises a solvent.

7. The preparing method according to claim 6, wherein the solvent is N-methyl pyrrolidone or N-ethyl pyrrolidone.

8. The preparing method according to claim 6, wherein the solvent has a mass fraction of 90% based on a total mass of the monomer mixture.

9. The preparing method according to claim 4, wherein in the monomer mixture, a molar ratio of the fluorine-containing dianhydride monomer, the fluorine-containing diamine monomer, and the polyaniline is 10:9:1.

10. The preparing method according to claim 4, wherein in the step of forming the polymer film, reacting the obtained polyamic acid at 80° C. to 100° C. for 1 to 3 hours, and then further reacting the obtained polyamic acid at 200° C. to 230° C. for 1 to 3 hours to obtain the polymer film.

11. The preparing method according to claim 4, wherein in the step of forming the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film, a mass ratio of the liquid crystal material to the obtained polymer film is (70-90):(10-30).

12. The preparing method according to claim 4, wherein in the step of forming the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film, mixing the liquid crystal material with the obtained polymer film and then melted at a high temperature, and then cooled at a temperature drop rate of 5° C. to 10° C./minute to obtain the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film.

13. A display panel, comprising a first substrate and an opposite substrate disposed in parallel with the first substrate; and a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film interposed between the first substrate and the opposite substrate; wherein the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film is made of the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal composition of claim 1.

14. The display panel according to claim 13, wherein the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film is prepared by the method according to claim 4.

15. The display panel according to claim 13, wherein the display panel further comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, and the first electrode is disposed on a surface of the first substrate facing the opposite substrate, and the second electrode is disposed on a surface of the opposite substrate facing the first substrate, and the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film contacts the first electrode and the second electrode.

16. The display panel according to claim 15, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is an indium tin oxide (ITO) thin-film electrode.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is an image of a polymer film in accordance with an embodiment of the present application captured by a scanning electron microscope.

(2) FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present application.

(3) FIGS. 3A and 3B are light transmission schematic diagrams of the display panel shown in FIG. 2.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(4) The technology of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to assist those skilled in the art to understand the present application and not to limit the application.

Embodiment 1, Prepolymer of Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal

(5) In this embodiment, a monomer mixture is provided which can be used to form a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film. The prepolymer includes a fluorine-containing dianhydride monomer, a fluorine-containing diamine monomer and a polyaniline, and a solvent. The solvent is N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) or N-ethyl pyrrolidone (NEP) and has a mass fraction of 90% based on the total mass of the prepolymer.

(6) The fluorine-containing dianhydride monomer has any one of the structures represented by the formulas (i-1) to (i-3):

(7) ##STR00009##

(8) The fluorine-containing diamine monomer has any one of structures represented by formulas (ii-1) to (ii-4):

(9) ##STR00010##

(10) The polyaniline has the structure shown in formula (iii):

(11) ##STR00011##
n is from 3 to 5.

Embodiment 2, Prepolymer of Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal

(12) In this embodiment, a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal prepolymer is provided which can be used to form the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film. The prepolymer includes a fluorine-containing dianhydride monomer, a fluorine-containing diamine monomer, a polyaniline, and a solvent. The solvent is N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) or N-ethyl pyrrolidone (NEP) and has a mass fraction of 90% based on the total mass of the prepolymer.

(13) The fluorine-containing dianhydride monomer has a structure represented by formula i-1, the fluorine-containing diamine monomer has a structure represented by the formula ii-4, and the polyaniline has a structure represented by the formula iii, and n is 4.

(14) In the prepolymer of the present embodiment, the molar ratio of the fluorine-containing dianhydride monomer, the fluorine-containing diamine monomer, and the polyaniline is 10:9:1.

Embodiment 3, Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal Composition

(15) In the present embodiment, a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal composition is provided. The polymer-dispersed liquid crystal composition includes the prepolymer and liquid crystal molecules described in embodiment 1. The liquid crystal molecules are liquid crystal molecules commonly used in the field and will not be described herein. In this embodiment, the prepolymer has a structure represented by any one of the formula (I-1) to formula (I-12), and n is 3 to 5:

(16) ##STR00012## ##STR00013## ##STR00014##

Embodiment 4, Polymer Film A

(17) In this embodiment, a polymer film A is provided, the polymer film A is made of the prepolymer described in embodiment 2. In the present embodiment, the prepolymer of the polymer film A has a structure represented by formula (I-4), and n is 4.

(18) The preparation method of the polymer film A is specifically as follows:

(19) (1) A fluorine-containing dianhydride monomer represented by formula (i-1), a fluorine-containing diamine monomer represented by formula (ii-4), and conductive polyaniline represented by formula (iii) of a molar ratio of 10:9:1 are dissolved in a solvent NEP or NMP such that the mass fraction of the solvent is 90%; and

(20) (2) After reacting at room temperature for 24 hours, a polyamic acid is obtained, which has the following structure:

(21) ##STR00015##

(22) (3) Subsequently, the polyamic acid is first reacted at 80° C. to 100° C. for 1 to 3 hours, and then, a film is formed by reacting at 200° C. to 230° C. for 1 to 3 hours to obtain a polymer film A, which is a conductive polyimide film. A scanning electron microscope image of the polymer film A is shown in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 1, in the polymer film A of the present embodiment, a uniform polymer network is formed, which is suitable for preparing a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film.

Embodiment 5, Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal Film

(23) In this embodiment, a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film is provided, and the specific preparation method is as follows:

(24) After the prepolymer and the liquid crystal material described in embodiment 4 are mixed at a mass ratio of (70-90):(10-30), and then melted at 100 to 150° C., subsequently, cooled at a temperature drop rate of 5° C. to 10° C./minute to obtain the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film.

(25) It is understood by those skilled in the art that the liquid crystal material described in this embodiment is a conventional liquid crystal material known in the art, and details are not described herein. In addition, when the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film is applied to a display panel, a molten polymer A and a liquid crystal material are injected into a liquid crystal cell, and then cooled at a temperature drop rate of 5° C. to 10° C./minute, so that the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film is formed in a liquid crystal cell.

(26) It has been experimentally found that the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film has excellent properties such as high and low temperature resistance, high strength and high modulus, low thermal expansion coefficient and dielectric constant, excellent insulating properties and radiation resistance.

Embodiment 6, a Display Panel

(27) Please refer to FIG. 2, in the embodiment, a display panel 100 is provided. As shown in FIG. 2, the display panel 100 includes: a first substrate 110 and an opposite substrate 120 disposed in parallel with the first substrate 110; a first electrode 111 disposed on a surface of the first substrate 110 facing the opposite substrate 120, a second electrode 121 disposed on a surface of the opposite substrate 120 facing the first substrate 110; and a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film 200 interposed between the first substrate 110 and the opposite substrate 120 and in contact with the first electrode and the second electrode.

(28) As shown in FIG. 2, the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film 200 includes a polymer film 210 that has been formed into a film, and liquid crystal molecules 220 dispersed in the polymer film 210. The polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film 200 may be the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film described in embodiment 5.

(29) As shown in FIG. 3A, due to the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecules 220, the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film 200 is opaque when no voltage is applied to the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121, that is, the display panel has no display effect. However, when a voltage is applied to the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121, as shown in FIG. 3B, the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film 200 is transparent, that is, the display panel is displayed. And the experiment shows that a driving voltage of the display panel 100 is lower than 30V. The display panel 100 of the present embodiment has a significant advantageous effect compared to a driving voltage of more than 50 V of the currently known same type display panel.

(30) The present application has been described by the embodiments described above, but the embodiments are merely examples for implementing the present application. It should be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the application. Conversely, modifications and equivalent arrangements are intended to be included within the scope of the claims.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

(31) The subject matter of the present application can be manufactured and used in the industry, and thus has industrial applicability.