LUBRICANT COMPOSITIONS

Abstract

The present invention relates to lubricant compositions that are especially suitable for the lubrication of turbines or (turbo)compressors which serve to compress chlorine and/or chlorinated products. The lubricant composition comprises a base oil, an antihydrolysis component and a rust and oxidation inhibitor.

Claims

1. A lubricant composition comprising (a) a base oil having a viscosity of 30 to 70 mm.sup.2/s at 40 C., (b) an antihydrolysis component comprising at least one epoxidized C.sub.11-C.sub.22 fatty acid C.sub.1-C.sub.12-alkyl ester and/or at least one epoxidized C.sub.11-C.sub.22 fatty acid glyceride, having an epoxy oxygen content of 1% to 10% by weight, based on the total mass of epoxidized fatty acid C.sub.1-C.sub.12-alkyl ester and/or epoxidized fatty acid glyceride, and (c) a rust and oxidation inhibitor selected from at least one mono- or poly-C.sub.1-C.sub.12-alkyl-substituted phenol, at least one arylamine and at least one mono- or polysubstituted triazole and mixtures of two or more of these components.

2. The composition as claimed in claim 1, comprising 0.05% to 1.5% by weight of component (b).

3. The composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2, comprising 0.05% to 2% by weight of component (c), based in each case on the total weight of the composition.

4. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the base oil component has a viscosity index of 120.

5. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the base oil component (a) comprises at least one hydrocracked oil.

6. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein component (a) additionally comprises at least one further base oil component selected from mineral oils, natural oils, hydrogenated polyolefin oils, poly--olefins, alkyl esters of dicarboxylic acids, esters of dicarboxylic acids with a polyglycol and a C.sub.6-C.sub.18 alcohol, C.sub.6-C.sub.18-alkyl esters of carboxylic acids, C.sub.6-C.sub.18-alkyl esters of phosphorous acids and hydrofluorocarbon oils.

7. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the fatty acid of the fatty acid alkyl esters and fatty acid glycerides of component (b) is selected from the parent fatty acids of soybean oil, safflower oil, grapeseed oil, mustard oil, coriander oil, linseed oil, colza oil, borage oil, tung oil, evening primrose oil, walnut oil, hemp oil, sunflower oil, olive oil, palm oil, peanut oil, coconut oil, castor oil or fish oil.

8. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the C.sub.11-C.sub.22 fatty acid C.sub.1-C.sub.12-alkyl ester is a C.sub.11-C.sub.22 fatty acid C.sub.6-C.sub.10-alkyl ester.

9. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein component (c) comprises: i) at least one mono- or poly-C.sub.1-C.sub.12-alkyl-substituted phenol and at least one arylamine or at least one mono- or polysubstituted triazole; ii) at least one arylamine and at least one mono- or polysubstituted triazole; or iii) at least one mono- or poly-C.sub.1-C.sub.12-alkyl-substituted phenol and at least one arylamine and at least one mono- or polysubstituted triazole.

10. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the C.sub.1-C.sub.12-alkyl-substituted phenol of component (c) is selected from 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 4-methyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenol, 2-tert-butylphenol, 2,6-diisopropylphenol, 2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol and 4-ethyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol.

11. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the arylamine of component (c) is selected from alkyldiphenylamines of the general formula (I) ##STR00006## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are the same or different and are hydrogen or C.sub.1-C.sub.18-alkyl, phenyl--naphthylamines of the general formula (II) ##STR00007## where R.sup.5 is hydrogen or C.sub.1-C.sub.18-alkyl, and phenyl--naphthylamines of the general formula (III) ##STR00008## where R.sup.6 is hydrogen or C.sub.1-C.sub.18-alkyl.

12. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the substituted triazole is selected from 1,2,3-triazoles and 1,2,4-triazoles substituted by C.sub.1-C.sub.12-alkyl and/or C.sub.6-C.sub.18-aryl.

13. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, additionally comprising a defoamer.

14. The composition as claimed in claim 13, wherein the defoamer is selected from homopolymers of C.sub.1-C.sub.18-alkyl (meth)acrylates, copolymers of at least two C.sub.1-C.sub.18-alkyl (meth)acrylates and mixtures thereof.

15. The composition as claimed in claim 13 or 14, comprising 0.001% to 0.1% by weight of the defoamer, based on the total weight of the composition.

16. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, additionally comprising at least one extreme pressure additive selected from oil-soluble organic esters of phosphoric acid, oil-soluble organic esters of phosphinic acid, oil-soluble organic esters of phosphonic acid, oil-soluble organic esters of sulfuric acid, oil-soluble organic esters of sulfurous acid, oil-soluble organic esters of sulfonic acid, amine salts of hydroxy-substituted phosphetanes, amine salts of hydroxy-substituted thiophosphetanes, amine salts of partial esters of phosphorous acid and amine salts of partial esters of thiophosphorous acid.

17. The composition as claimed in claim 16, wherein the extreme pressure additive is selected from alkyl thiophosphate esters.

18. The composition as claimed in claim 16 or 17, comprising 0.001% to 0.1% by weight of the extreme pressure additive, based on the total weight of the composition.

19. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, comprising a) the base oil having a viscosity of 30 to 70 mm.sup.2/s at 40 C., especially a hydrocracked oil having a viscosity of 40 to 50 mm.sup.2/s at 40 C., b) 0.05% to 1.5% by weight, especially 0.05% to 0.9% by weight, of the anti-hydrolysis component, c) 0.05% to 2% by weight, especially 0.05% to 1.0% by weight, of the rust and oxidation inhibitor, d) optionally 0.001% to 0.1% by weight, especially 0.005% to 0.05% by weight, of a defoamer, and e) optionally 0.001% to 0.1% by weight, especially 0.002% to 0.03% by weight, of an extreme pressure additive, based in each case on the total weight of the composition.

20. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, comprising essentially no succinic ester.

21. The use of the lubricant composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims for lubrication of turbines or (turbo)compressors.

22. The use of the lubricant composition as claimed in claim 20 for lubrication of turbines or (turbo)compressors which serve for compression of chlorine and/or chlorinated products.

Description

EXAMPLE 1

[0067] The following components were introduced into a mixing tank in the ratios specified and mixed therein to give a lubricant composition: [0068] a) 87.5% by weight, based on the total mass of the composition, of a hydrocracked oil having a viscosity of 40 to 55 mm.sup.2/s at 40 C.; [0069] b) 11.6% by weight of a formulation, based on the total mass of the composition, containing about 4% by weight of at least one epoxidized C.sub.11-C.sub.22 fatty acid C.sub.1-C.sub.12-alkyl ester based on rapeseed oil having a total epoxy oxygen content of about 7% by weight (remainder: rapeseed oil); [0070] c) 0.8% by weight, based on the total mass of the composition, of a formulation containing about 15% by weight of 2-tert-butylphenol and phenyl--naphthylamine (weight ratio 2:1) (remainder: oil); and [0071] d) 0.1% by weight, based on the total mass of the composition, of at least one polymeric defoamer (remainder: oil).

Determination of Anticorrosion Properties and Stability to Chlorine:

[0072] To determine the anticorrosion properties, a method customary in the lubricants industry for determination of corrosion according to DIN ISO 7120 was modified. Rather than water and oil, a lubricant composition with 2000 ppm of added chlorine was initially charged as test fluid according to example 1 and the test specimens used were left at 60 C. while stirring (1000 rpm) for 24 hours. The test specimens used were either the steel test specimens described in DIN ISO 7120 or test specimens of white metal, which is typically used as bearing metal in compressors. After 24 hours, the stirring operation was ended and the test specimens were removed from the test fluid. After they had dripped dry, the test specimen was rinsed with cleaning solution and the degree of corrosion was assessed according to the DIN ISO 7120 classification. A test specimen is considered to have undergone some degree of rusting when any spot of rust or strip of rust is visible. If both test specimens are free of rust, the lubricant composition has passed the test. [0073] Rust-free: no visible spot of rust or strip of rust [0074] Slight rust: not more than 6 spots of rust, each of diameter not exceeding 1 mm [0075] Moderate rust: more rust than in the case of slight rust, but covering less than 5% of the surface of the test specimens [0076] Severe rust: the rust covers more than 5% of the surface of the test specimens.

Evaluation of the Tests:

[0077] It has been found that, with the lubricant composition according to example 1, even with a concentration of 2000 ppm of chlorine in the oil, no corrosion is observed, i.e. the lubricant composition has passed the test.

[0078] Furthermore, the lubricant composition was not discolored, nor were any precipitates observed. The lubricant composition has thus been found to be stable even to a chlorine content of 2000 ppm.