POLYESTER COMPOSITION

Abstract

The invention relates to a composition comprising A) a polyester, B) a polyolefin and C) a compatibilizer, wherein C) is a functionalized polyolefin containing hydroxyl functional groups or a reaction product of the functionalized polyolefin and a polyester, wherein the total amount of A) and B) with respect to the total composition is at least 77 wt % and the amount of C) with respect to the total composition is 0.1 to 23 wt %.

Claims

1. A composition comprising A) a polyester, wherein the polyester is derived from an aliphatic diol and an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and has repeating units according to structural formula (VIII) ##STR00004## wherein, R′ is an alkyl radical comprising a dehydroxylated residue derived from an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diol, or mixtures thereof, containing from 2 to about 20 carbon atoms and wherein R is an aryl radical comprising a decarboxylated residue derived from an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, B) a polyolefin and C) a compatibilizer, wherein C) is a functionalized polyolefin containing hydroxyl functional groups or a reaction product of the functionalized polyolefin and a polyester, wherein the total amount of A) and B) with respect to the total composition is at least 77 wt % and the amount of C) with respect to the total composition is 0.1 to 23 wt %.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the functionalized polyolefin is prepared by reacting an alkanolamine with a grafted polyolefin formed by grafting a compound comprising an amine-reactive group onto the backbone of a polyolefin.

3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the compound comprising the amine-reactive group is selected from the group consisting of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids; acid anhydrides vinyl benzyl halides; alkyl acrylates and methacrylates; and ethylenically unsaturated oxiranes.

4. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the alkanolamine is selected from the group consisting of ethanolamine, 2-amino-1-propanol, 3-amino-1-propanol, 2-amino-1-butanol and 2-aminobenzyl alcohol.

5. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the polyolefin of the grafted polyolefin is a linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE).

6. The composition according to claim 1, wherein C) is the functionalized polyolefin containing hydroxyl functional groups.

7. The composition according to claim 1, wherein C) is the reaction product of the functionalized polyolefin and the polyester.

8. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the amount of A) with respect to the total composition is at least 50 wt %.

9. The composition according to claim 1, wherein A) is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and a combination thereof.

10. The composition according to claim 1, wherein A) is a recycled PET.

11. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the amount of B) with respect to the total composition is at most 40 wt %, with respect to the total composition.

12. The composition according to claim 1, wherein B) is selected from the group consisting of a low density polyethylene (LDPE), a linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), a high density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP) and an elastomeric copolymer of ethylene and an α-olefin having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof.

13. The composition according to claim 12, wherein B) is selected from the group consisting of an LDPE having a density of 0.916 to 0.940 g/cm.sup.3 according to ISO1183, an LLDPE having a density of 0.915 to 0.940 g/cm.sup.3 according to ISO 1183 and an HDPE having a density of 0.940 to 0.970 g/cm.sup.3 according to ISO1183.

14. The composition according to claim 12, wherein B) is an elastomeric copolymer of ethylene and an α-olefin having 4 to 10 carbon atoms having a density of 0.850 to 0.910 g/cm.sup.3 according to ASTM D792.

15. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition has at least one of a shrinkage of at most 2% as determined by ISO 294-4, a notched impact strength of at least 5 kJ/m.sup.2 as determined by ISO180 (23° C.) and a tensile modulus of at least 1800 MPa.

16. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the compound comprising the amine-reactive group is maleic anhydride.

17. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the alkanolamine is ethanolamine.

Description

EXPERIMENTS

[0108] Following materials were used.

[0109] PET1: copolymer of terephtalic acid, isophtalic acid and diethylene glycol, intrinsic viscosity of 0.800 dl/g as determined by according to ASTM D4603 and MVI of 20 dg/min (2.16 kg, 280° C.) according to ISO 1133 (SABIC® PET BC-112 as commercially available from SABIC)

[0110] POE1: copolymer of ethylene and 1-octene, MFI of 5 dg/min according to ASTM D1238 (2.16 kg, 190 .sup.2C), density of 0.87 g/cm.sup.3 according to ASTM D792

[0111] POE-g-MAH #1: mLLDPE with 1-octene comonomer, MI=30 dg/min (190° C./2.16 kg), density=870 kg/m.sup.3) grafted with maleic anhydride (1.14 wt %)

[0112] POE-g-MAH #2: mLLDPE with 1-octene comonomer, MI=3.7 dg/min (190′C/2.16 kg), density=912 kg/m.sup.3) grafted with maleic anhydride (1.32 wt %)

[0113] POE-g-OH: Reactive extrusion product of POE-g-MAH #2 (98.6 wt %) and ethanolamine (1.4 wt %)+Irganox 1010 (0.25 wt %)+Irgafos 168 (0.25 wt %), the amounts are with respect to the total of POE-g-MAH #2 and ethanolamine

[0114] POE-g-PET: Reactive extrusion product of PET1 (60 wt %)+POE-g-OH (40 wt %)+Irganox 1010 (0.25 wt %)+Irgafos 168 (0.25 wt %), the amounts are with respect to the total of POE-g-MAH #15 and ethanolamine

[0115] Further types of commercially available ethylene copolymers were used:

TABLE-US-00001 MFI Comonomer 1 Comonomer 2 (190 ° C./ Comonomer amount Comonomer amount 2.16 kg) Density Tm 1 (wt %) 2 (wt %) (dg/min) (kg/m.sup.3) (° C.) PE- Glycidyl  8 — —  5 940 106 GMA metacrylate PE- butylacrylate 17 maleic 3.1  5 —  91 BA- anhydride MAH PE- Methyl 20 maleic 0.3  8 940  80 MA- acrylate anhydride MAH PE-BA butyl acrylate 27 — —  4 926  94 PE- ethylacrylate 29 maleic 1.3  7 940  65 AE- anhydride MAH PE- Anhydride High — —  1.75 930 120 AH PE- methylacrylate 27-31 — —  2-3.5 950  61 MA LDPE- anhydride ns — —  6.4 — 105 AH PE-BA butyl acrylate  35 — — 40 930  96 PE-AA acrylic acid  7 — —  7 930 102 PE- methacrylic  6.5 — —  9 930 104 MAA acid PE-VA Vinyl acetate  9.3 — —  2 930  86-105

[0116] Blends were prepared by melt-mixing the components as shown in Tables 1-2 in a ZSK 25 twin screw extruder (300 rpm screw speed, T=260′C, vacuum, 23 kg/hr throughput). After drying the granules, the materials were injection molded into specimen parts in order to measure the properties as shown in Tables 1-2.

[0117] The properties were measured as follows:

[0118] Surface defects: visual inspection

[0119] MVR: ISO1133 (2.16 kg and 265° C.), 300 seconds

[0120] Izod notched impact strength: ISO180, 23° C.

[0121] Charpy notched impact strength: ISO179, 23° C.

[0122] Tensile modulus: ISO527

[0123] Tensile yield stress: ISO527

[0124] Tensile yield strain: ISO527

[0125] Elongation at break: ISO527

[0126] Shrinkage: internal method

[0127] Heat Deflection Temperature: ISO75, 1.8 MPa

[0128] Vicat temperature: ISO306

[0129] As can be understood from Tables 1 and 2, many types of materials cause surface defects when mixed with a polyester and a polyolefin (CE 2-3; CE9-18). Notably, maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin leads to surface defects (CE2 and 3). Only when the functional group is modified to comprise a hydroxyl group, the functionalized polyolefin works as a compatibilizer which does not lead to surface defects (Ex 4). The mechanical properties of the composition obtained are comparable to those obtained using a GMA-containing compatibilizer (CE1 vs Ex 4). The hydroxyl functionalized polyolefin can also be reacted with a polyester to obtain similar desirable results (Ex 5-7). Thus, GMA-free compatibilizers were discovered which result in similar desirable properties as a compatibilizer comprising GMA.

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 1 CE1 CE2 CE3 Ex 4 Ex 5 Ex 6 Ex 7 PET1 % 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 87.0 86.6 86.2 POE1 % 8.9 2.5 2.5 7.0 8.0 7.7 7.4 AX8840 % 1.1 POE-g-MAH % 7.5 #1 POE-g-MAH % 7.5 #2 POE-g-OH % 3.0 POE-g-PET % 5.0 5.7 6.4 Irganox 1010* % 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 Irgafos 168* % 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 Surface Y/N N Y Y N N N N defects (pearlessence) MVR 265C/ cc/10′ 15 24 34 27 41 46 40 2.16KG/ 300 sec Notched kJ/m.sup.2 11 6 5 9 10 10 9 Impact Strength 23 ° C. Unnotched kJ/m.sup.2 8 5 6 6 6 6 6 Impact Strength 23 ° C. Tensile MPa 1987 2134 2158 1938 1902 1948 1930 Modulus Tensile Yield MPa 48 52 54 47 47 47 48 Stress Tensile Yield % 4 3.9 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.7 Strain Elong. at % 147 42 29 183 170 248 148 break Shrinkage % 0.9 1.3 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 T-bar HDT 1.8 MPa ° C. 65 66 69 65 65 65 64 VICAT B120 ° C. 78 90 105 82 75 76 76 The amounts of Irganox 1010 and Irgafos 168 are wt part per 100 wt part of the total of PET1, POE1 and compatibilizer.

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 2 CE8 CE9 CE10 CE11 CE12 CE13 CE14 CE15 CE16 CE17 CE18 PET1 % 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 90 POE1 % 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 PE-GMA % 1.1 PE-BA-MAH % 1.1 PE-MA- % 1.1 MAH PE-BA % 1.1 PE-AE-MAH % 1.1 PE-AH % 1.1 PE-MA % 1.1 LDPE-AH % 1.1 PE-AA % 1.1 PE-VA % 1.1 PE-MAA 1.1 Irganox % 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 1010* Irgafos 168* % 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 FR* 0.1 0.1 0.1 Surface Y/N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y defects (pearlessen ce) MVR 265C/ cc/10′ 31 48 45 42 42 38 42 39 33 66 35 2.16KG/ 300sec IZOD kJ/m.sup.2 14 7 6 7 7 9 9 6 8 5 5 Notched Impact Strength 23 ° C. Charpy kJ/m.sup.2 9 4 3 4 5 5 5 4 10 7 7 notched Impact Strength 23 ° C. Tensile MPa 2130 2175 2192 2181 2176 2136 2122 2201 1954 1995 1964 Modulus Shrinkage % 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.4 T-bar HDT 1.8 ° C. 66 66 64 63 65 64 64 65 — 67 66 MPa VICAT B120 ° C. 87 89 89 87 87 87 89 92 74 74 75 The amounts of Irganox 1010 and Irgafos 168 are wt part per 100 wt part per 100 wt part of the total of PET1, POE1 and compatibilizer.