Trencher with depth indicator

Abstract

A trencher with a depth indicator enables determination in real time of the depth of a trench being dug. The trencher comprises: an arm about which digging implements are moveable; a foot operably connected to the arm and being in contact with the ground when the trencher is in use excavating a trench, the foot comprising a ground contacting region; an inclinometer or orientation sensor operably connected to the arm to measure or determine an angle of inclination of the arm; a calculating element operably connected to the arm for calculating a depth of an end of the arm by using a determined angle of inclination of the arm; and an indicating element operably connected to the arm for indicating either a depth of the arm or a depth of the trench being excavated, or indicating whether the depth of the arm or the depth of the trench being excavated has deviated from a desired depth.

Claims

1. A trencher with a depth indicator, comprising: an arm about which digging implements are moveable; a foot operably connected to the arm and for being in contact with the ground when the trencher is in use excavating a trench, the foot comprising a ground contacting region; an inclinometer or orientation sensor operably connected to the arm to measure or determine an angle of inclination of the arm; a calculating element operably connected to the arm for calculating a depth of an end of the arm by using a determined angle of inclination of the arm; and an indicating element operably connected to the arm for indicating either a depth of the arm or a depth of the trench being excavated, or indicating whether the depth of the arm or the depth of the trench being excavated has deviated from a desired depth.

2. The trencher according to claim 1, wherein in use when the arm is extending into the ground the arm is pivotable in a vertical plane about the ground contacting region of the foot or about a centre point of the ground contacting region of the foot.

3. The trencher according to claim 1, wherein the arm is mounted to a frame or to a mount or to a trencher body.

4. The trencher according to claim 3, wherein the frame or mount or trencher body is mounted to a boom of a vehicle.

5. The trencher according to claim 4, wherein the vehicle is an excavator, a backhoe, a loader, a mini loader, or a tractor, or the like.

6. The trencher according to claim 4, wherein a display of the indicating element is mounted to the vehicle or is mounted to the trencher.

7. The trencher according to claim 1, wherein the arm is mounted in a fixed position relative to the frame or mount or trencher body and the angle of inclination of the arm can be controlled by controlling inclination of the frame or mount or trencher body.

8. The trencher according to claim 1, wherein the arm is pivotally mounted for vertical pivotal movement, the arm pivoting about a pivot point, the foot being in contact with the ground when the trencher is excavating a trench, and the ground contacting region being concentric with the pivot point.

9. The trencher according to claim 1, wherein the ground contacting region of the foot comprises a circular region having a radius, wherein the circular region having a radius is centred on a pivot point of the arm.

10. The trencher according to claim 1, wherein the arm is mounted to a chassis of an excavation machine.

11. The trencher according to claim 1, wherein an inclination of the arm is controlled by pivoting the arm about the pivot point.

12. The trencher according to claim 1, wherein the indicating element includes a display that displays a depth of the trench in a first colour if the trench is being dug at a correct depth and a depth of the trench is displayed in a second colour if the trench is being dug at an incorrect depth.

13. The trencher according to claim 1, wherein the indicating element includes a display that includes two or more lights or regions that indicate whether a desired depth has been reached and whether the arm needs to go up or down to maintain the desired depth of the trench.

14. The trencher according to claim 1, wherein the indicating element includes a display that includes an up arrow and a down arrow, wherein the up arrow is illuminated if the trench is being dug too deep and the arm needs to be raised, and wherein the down arrow is illuminated if the trench is being dug too shallow and the arm needs to be lowered.

15. The trencher according to claim 1, wherein the ground contacting region includes a ground contacting circular region or a ground contacting flat region or both.

16. The trencher according to claim 1, further including a zero point reference setting/button to allow accurate trenching up and down inclines.

17. The trencher according to claim 1, further including a second inclinometer to allow accurate trenching up and down inclines.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

(1) Preferred features, embodiments and variations of the invention may be discerned from the following Detailed Description which provides sufficient information for those skilled in the art to perform the invention. The Detailed Description is not to be regarded as limiting the scope of the preceding Summary of the Invention in any way. The Detailed Description will make reference to a number of drawings as follows:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a side view of a trencher with depth indicator in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

(3) FIG. 2 shows a side view of the trencher shown in FIG. 1, with the trencher being inclined as if it was digging a trench;

(4) FIG. 3 is a perspective view, from the rear and side, of the trencher shown in FIG. 1;

(5) FIG. 4 is a rear view of the trencher shown in FIG. 1;

(6) FIG. 5 shows the trencher shown in FIG. 1 with an explanation as to how trencher depth can be calculated;

(7) FIG. 6 shows a display of the trencher shown in FIG. 1, according to one embodiment;

(8) FIG. 7 shows a display of the trencher shown in FIG. 1, according to another embodiment;

(9) FIG. 8 shows lit portions of the display of the trencher shown in FIG. 7;

(10) FIG. 9 shows lit portions of the display of the trencher shown in FIG. 7; and

(11) FIG. 10 shows lit portions of the display of the trencher shown in FIG. 7.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

(12) The trencher 10 shown in the attached drawings comprises a trencher body 25 having an arm 14 attached thereto. The arm 14 is attached to the trencher body 25 by a number of bolts or by welding so that the arm 14 is fixed in position relative to the trencher body 25. A frame 12 is attached to the trencher body 25 via a hitch plate 40, and the frame 12 converts inputs from attached machines through to the trencher body 25. The arm 14 carries an endless chain 16 that has a number of digging teeth 18 mounted thereon. The endless chain 16 moves around the arm 14 to thereby enable a trench to be dug. The arm 14, endless chain 16 and digging teeth 18 are essentially conventional and will be well understood by persons skilled in the art. As shown in the attached drawings, the trencher 10 also includes a crumber 50 which is mounted to a danger bar 20. The crumber 50 may be, for example, as described in Australian patent number 2015255633, or may be of conventional design. It is noted that some trenchers are not supplied with a crumber or do not require a crumber and the crumber may be omitted. The trencher 10 shown in the attached drawings may be attached to an excavator and, in this embodiment, it is envisaged that the trencher 10 will include a mount to enable the trencher to be mounted to the excavator.

(13) As is shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the frame 12 can be detached from the trencher 10 itself via a retaining plate 41 and housing/bracket 32. Spaced pickups can be welded or integrally formed on the frame 12 for machine mounting elements to be attached. The retaining plate 41 and housing/bracket 32 bolt into the hitch plate 40 which is in turn bolted to the trencher body 25. The trencher body 25 forms the base of the trencher 10 to which elements including the danger bar 20, arm 14 and gearbox hub 26 are attached. The gearbox hub 26 attaches to a motor/gearbox to which the drive sprocket of the arm 14 is attached. In this manner, the drive sprocket can be driven by known mechanisms to drive the endless chain 16 around the arm 14.

(14) The trencher body 25 also carries a foot 27. As can be seen, the foot 27 is bolted by bolts 28, 29 to the trencher body 25. The foot 27 includes a part-annular portion 30 and a ground contacting circular portion 31, which is in the form of a steel plate formed into a circular shape when viewed from side on. The foot 27 also includes a first flat portion 38 and a second flat portion 39. The steel plate of circular shape may be welded to the part annular portion 30 to form the foot. As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the ground contacting circular portion 31 has a radius that is centred on the centre of hub 26.

(15) The frame 12 also includes connection means that enable the frame 12 to be connected to a boom of a vehicle, such as an excavator, a digger, a backhoe or the like. The frame may comprise a mount that enables the trencher to be connected to a boom of a vehicle, such as an excavator, a digger, a backhoe or the like. Appropriate mounting means may be included to facilitate mounting of the trencher to the boom or arm of the excavator. In other embodiments, the frame may be replaced by a mount for mounting to an excavator or other vehicle and the trencher may be connected to the trencher body. The connection means may be one or more boltholes that enable the frame 12 to be bolted to a mounting plate of the boom, or it may comprise a quick hitch pickup. In one embodiment, the trencher 10 shown in the attached drawings can be used with an excavator or a mini loader, with the excavator or mini loader having two arms to which a bucket is attached. The bucket can be removed from the arms and the trencher connected to the arms in place of the bucket. Therefore, in this embodiment, the trencher has the same connection means as the connection means for the bucket. Such connection means will be well understood by persons skilled in the art and need not be described further.

(16) The trencher 10 shown in the attached drawings also includes an indicating element having a housing/bracket 32 that is attached to the body of the trencher 10 via the hitch plate 40. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the housing/bracket 32 along with the retaining plate 41 attach the frame 12 to the trencher 10 via means of clamping with the hitch plate 40. The housing/bracket 32 includes a display 33, best seen in FIGS. 3 and 4. The housing/bracket 32 also carries an inclinometer, which may be a commercially available inclinometer, and a printed circuit board and computer memory which includes software that receives a signal from the inclinometer in relation to the angle of inclination of the arm 14 and then calculates the depth of the trench. The calculated depth can then be displayed on the display 33. As can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, the display 33 and housing/bracket 32 are mounted so that an operator of the vehicle can easily see the display 33 during operation of the trencher 10. The inclinometer may be, for example, an MPU-6050 (model number) available from TDK InvenSense.

(17) FIG. 5 shows one way for calculating the depth D of a trench that is being dug by the trencher 10. In FIG. 5, the length of the arm 14 between the centre of the gearbox hub 26 and the centre of the end sprocket on the arm is L. The ground contacting circular portion 31 of the foot 27 sits on the ground, denoted by line G in FIG. 5. The radius of curvature R of the ground contacting circular portion 31 of the foot 27 is also shown in FIG. 5.

(18) The angle ? at which the arm is extending relative to vertical can be determined by the inclinometer. The vertical height H, which corresponds to the vertical component of the inclined arm, can be calculated as:
H=L cos ?(1) (or L sin(90?V))

(19) However, the vertical height H includes an above ground component equal to R and a below ground component equal to U. U can be calculated as:
U=H?R.

(20) As R is fixed by the radius of the ground contacting circular portion 31 of the foot 27, R is constant, irrespective of the angle at which the arm 14 is inclined. Effectively, the foot 27 results in the arm 14 pivoting around the centre of the radius of curvature of the ground contacting circular portion 31 of the foot 27 when the ground contacting circular portion 31 is in contact with the ground.

(21) The depth D to which the trench is being dug can then be calculated from the following equation:
D=U+Y,

(22) where Y is the maximum vertical extent of the teeth from the centre of the sprocket at the end of the arm 14.

(23) Accordingly, D=(L cos ??R)+Y and the only variable in this equation is the angle ?. Accordingly, measuring the angle ? with the inclinometer allows the depth D to be calculated.

(24) In one embodiment of the present invention, the display 33 simply displays the calculated depth of the trench being dug. FIG. 6 shows an example of this embodiment. In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the display 33 is showing that the trench is being dug to a depth of 900 mm. In this regard, the display 33 shown in FIG. 6 includes a numerical display 34. A numerical display 34 may be in the form of an LED display having sufficient brightness so that it can be seen in bright sunlight.

(25) FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of a display 33 for use in the present invention. The display 33 can include a numerical display 35, a first lit portion 36 and a second lit portion 37. The numerical display 35 can display its numbers in two different colours. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the numerical display 35 can display the numbers in green or red. Similarly, the first lit portion 36 can display as either green or red and the second lit portion 37 can also display as either green or red. If the trench is being dug to the correct level, the first lit portion 36 and the second lit portion 37 both illuminate in green colour, as shown in FIG. 8. Similarly, the numerical display 35 is also displayed in green characters when the trench is being dug to the correct level.

(26) If the trench is not being dug at the correct level, the numerical display 35 displays the depth of the trench in a red colour. This gives a visual warning to the operator that the trench is not of the correct depth. As shown in FIG. 9, when the trench is being dug too deep, the first lit portion 36 (which is the upper portion) displays in green and the second lit portion 37 (which is the lower portion) displays in red. This indicates that the operator needs to lift the arm 14 to achieve the double green conditions shown in FIG. 8 and ensure that the trench is being dug to the correct depth.

(27) As shown in FIG. 10, if the trench is too shallow, the first lit section 36 is displayed in red and the second lit section 37 is displayed in green. This indicates to the operator that the operator needs to lower the arm 14 to achieve the correct depth. With the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, if the trench is being dug at the incorrect depth, the lit sections 36, 37 provide an indication to the operator to move the trencher 10 towards the green lit section in order to achieve the correct depth.

(28) It will be appreciated that other colours may be used in the display, although red and green are commonly accepted as indicating, respectively, stop or danger and go or safe.

(29) In another embodiment, the display may indicate the depth of the trench being dug both as a measurement and via a series of lights.

(30) In use of the trencher 10 shown in the attached drawings and according to some embodiments, the frame 12 is attached to the boom of a vehicle. Due to the nature of the boom of the vehicle, the trencher 10 can be moved up and down with the end of the boom. It can also be pivoted up and down by the end connection of the boom of the vehicle. In order to dig a trench, the operator lowers the boom of the vehicle until the ground contacting circular portion 31 of the foot 27 comes into contact with the ground. The endless chain 16 can then be driven by the drive sprocket and the arm of the boom can then be manipulated to cause the trencher 10 to be rotated downwardly so that the arm 14 engages with and digs into the ground.

(31) A trencher in accordance with preferred embodiments of the present invention provides a reliable and relatively inexpensive way for measuring or determining in real time the depth of a trench being dug. The use of the ground contacting circular portion of the foot provides a region about which the end of the arm of the trencher rotates, thereby providing a fixed height for a proximal end of the trencher arm. This greatly simplifies calculation of the height of the trencher. This also allows the trencher to be in the form of an attachment to a boom of an excavator, a mini loader, or a digger or the like. It will be appreciated that different models in different manufacturers of excavators or diggers or the like will have different geometries and different reference point relative to the ground. However, as the trencher of preferred embodiments of the present invention provides a set data point by virtue of the ground engaging circular portion of the foot, the depth of the trench can be calculated irrespective of the vehicle to which the trencher attachment is mounted.

(32) Although the embodiment shown in the attached drawings has the display, the inclinometer and the calculating element all positioned within the housing/bracket 32, there may be embodiments in which the inclinometer is mounted to the frame or to the arm of the trencher and the display and the calculating element are mounted in the cabin of the vehicle. In these embodiments, the inclinometer may send wireless signals or wired signals to the calculating element, which can then calculate the depth of the trench and enable the appropriate display to be displayed on the indicating element.

(33) In the present specification and claims (if any), the word comprising and its derivatives including comprises and comprise include each of the stated integers but does not exclude the inclusion of one or more further integers.

(34) Reference throughout this specification to one embodiment or an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the appearance of the phrases in one embodiment or in an embodiment in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more combinations.

(35) In compliance with the statute, the invention has been described in language more or less specific to structural or methodical features. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to specific features shown or described since the means herein described comprises preferred forms of putting the invention into effect. The invention is, therefore, claimed in any of its forms or modifications within the proper scope of the appended claims (if any) appropriately interpreted by those skilled in the art.