Abstract
A HV HRC fuse, in particular a HH full-range fuse, for a drop-out fuse system with a drop-out release mechanism has an outer fuse housing, wherein at least one melting conductor, which is wound around at least one winding body, is provided in the fuse housing. The fuse housing is at least partially open on two end faces and a contact cap designed for electrical contacting is arranged on each end face of the fuse housing. The upper contact cap is detachably connectable in a contacting position with the drop-out release mechanism and the lower contact cap is pivotally mounted on the drop-out release mechanism. Tripping of the HV HRC fuse results in tripping of the drop-out release mechanism, whereby the upper contact cap is separated from the drop-out release mechanism and the HV HRC fuse swings out from the contacting position to a swing-out position.
Claims
1. Use of a high voltage high rupturing capacity (HV HRC) fuse for a drop-out fuse system with a drop-out release mechanism, wherein the high voltage high rupturing capacity fuse has an outer fuse housing, wherein at least one melting conductor, which is wound around at least one winding body, is provided in the fuse housing, wherein the fuse housing is designed to be at least partially open on two end faces, wherein upper and lower contact caps are respectively arranged on the end faces of the fuse housing; wherein the upper contact cap is detachably connectable in a contacting position with the drop-out release mechanism and the lower contact cap is pivotally mounted on the drop-out release mechanism; wherein the drop-out release mechanism is configured such that tripping of the high voltage high rupturing capacity fuse results in tripping of the drop-out release mechanism, whereby the upper contact cap is separated from the drop-out release mechanism and the high voltage high rupturing capacity fuse swings out from the contacting position to a swing-out position; wherein the winding body is designed as a hollow body, and wherein an inner winding body is designed as a hollow body arranged in the winding body and a secondary melting conductor is arranged in the inner winding body; and wherein the high voltage high rupturing capacity fuse has a spring-loaded stroke pin movably mounted in the fuse housing and held in the fuse housing and wherein the stroke pin reaches a minimum travel length required to trigger the drop-out release mechanism within a stroke pin travel time and exerts a force of at least 90 N on a triggering means of the drop-out release mechanism for triggering upon release.
2. Use according to claim 1, wherein the high voltage high rupturing capacity fuse is designed in such a way that a rated current of greater than 30 A is ensured at a rated voltage of greater than 5 kV; and/or wherein a rated breaking capacity is greater than 1 kA; and/or wherein the rated voltage of the high voltage high rupturing capacity fuse is greater than 5 kV.
3. Use according to claim 1, wherein the stroke pin emerges from the fuse housing after release with a predetermined force and resulting exit energy.
4. Use according to claim 1, wherein the stroke pin is connected to the secondary melting conductor.
5. Use according to claim 1, wherein the winding body is star-shaped and has a plurality of adjacent support bars for the punctual support of the at least one melting conductor.
6. Use according to claim 1, wherein the inner winding body is electrically insulating and/or star-shaped.
7. Use according to claim 1, wherein the at least one melting conductor is wound around the winding body in at least a region of the winding body at a blow-out tube.
8. Use according to claim 1, wherein the secondary melting conductor is a trigger feed wire.
9. Use according to claim 1, wherein a fastening means is provided on the upper contact cap for detachable arrangement of the high voltage high rupturing capacity fuse on the drop-out release mechanism.
10. Use according to claim 9, wherein the fastening means has a passage opening.
11. Use according to claim 1, wherein a collar projecting opposite and/or from the fuse housing is arranged on the lower contact cap.
12. Use according to claim 1, wherein at least one end face of the fuse housing is/are assigned an inner auxiliary cap for holding the winding body.
13. Use according to claim 6, wherein the melting conductor and/or secondary melting conductor has overload points and/or short-circuit constrictions.
14. Use according to claim 1, wherein the fuse housing has a maximum diameter of at least 40 mm; and/or wherein the fuse housing has a maximum length of at least 100 mm.
15. Use according to claim 1, wherein the high voltage high rupturing capacity fuse is a high voltage high rupturing capacity full-range fuse.
16. Use according to claim 1, wherein the at least one melting conductor is wound spirally around the at least one winding body, and wherein the at least one winding body is an electrically insulating winding body.
17. Use according to claim 1, wherein the upper and the lower contact caps are designed for electrical contacting.
18. Use according to claim 7, wherein the blow-out tube completely circumferentially surrounds the melting conductor.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
(1) It shows:
(2) FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a HV HRC fuse;
(3) FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the HV HRC fuse shown in FIG. 1;
(4) FIG. 3A is a schematic cross-sectional view along section of FIG. 2;
(5) FIG. 3B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the HV HRC fuse shown in FIG. 3A in the tripped state;
(6) FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of a HV HRC fuse according to the invention;
(7) FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view along section V-V of FIG. 2;
(8) FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a use of a HV HRC fuse for a drop-out fuse system according to the invention in a first state;
(9) FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of the fuse system in FIG. 6 in a second state;
(10) FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a partial section of a HV HRC fuse according to the invention;
(11) FIG. 9 is another schematic representation of a further partial section of a further embodiment of a HV HRC fuse according to the invention;
(12) FIG. 10 is a schematic exploded view of components of a HV HRC fuse according to the invention, and
(13) FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of an inner auxiliary cap with a secondary melting conductor arranged thereon, in particular a trigger feed wire.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
(14) FIG. 1 shows a perspective schematic representation of a HV HRC fuse 1 as used in accordance with the invention for a drop-out fuse system 2, which can be seen schematically in FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG. 2 shows a side view of the HV HRC fuse 1 shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 6 shows that the drop-out fuse system 2 has a drop-out release mechanism 3. The HV HRC fuse 1 is connected to the drop-out release mechanism 3.
(15) FIG. 1 shows that the HV HRC fuse 1 has an outer fuse housing 4. At least one melting conductor 6 wound around at least one winding body 5 is provided in the fuse housing 4. FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a HV HRC fuse 1, from which the winding body 5 can be seen schematically. Only part of the melting conductor 6 can be seen from this illustration. However, the melting conductor 6 is shown in more detail in the exploded view of the components of the HV HRC fuse 1 in FIG. 10. FIG. 10 illustrates that the melting conductor 6 is wound in a spiral shape. The winding body 5 ultimately serves to arrange the melting conductor 6.
(16) FIG. 3A shows the section from FIG. 2. Furthermore, it can be seen from FIG. 3A that the fuse housing 4 is formed at least partially open on two end faces 7, which is also shown in the exploded view according to FIG. 10.
(17) FIG. 2 shows that at least one contact cap 8, 9, preferably designed for electrical contacting, is arranged on the end face of the fuse housing 4. A distinction is made between an upper contact cap 8 and a lower contact cap 9. The upper contact cap 8 faces away from the substrate (floor) in the state of use, with the lower contact cap 9 facing the substrate in the state of use.
(18) FIGS. 6 and 7 ultimately show two different states of the HV HRC fuse 1 connected to the drop-out release mechanism 3. For example, FIG. 6 shows that the upper contact cap 8 can be releasably connected to the drop-out release mechanism 3 in a contacting position. FIG. 6 shows the contacting position of the HV HRC fuse 1i.e., the HV HRC fuse 1 in the non-tripped state, as also shown, for example, in FIG. 3A. Ultimately, the state shown in FIG. 6 can also be referred to as the operating state. The lower contact cap 9 is pivotally mounted on the drop-out release mechanism 3 in the contacting position (and also otherwise). Such a pivotable mounting can also be seen in FIG. 7. FIG. 7 shows that the drop-out release mechanism 3 is designed in such a way that tripping the HV HRC fuse 1 results in tripping the drop-out release mechanism 3, whereby the upper contact cap 8 is separated from the drop-out release mechanism 3 and the pivotally mounted lower contact cap 9 swings out, whereby the HV HRC fuse 1 swings out from the contacting position to the swing-out position. The swing-out position of the HV HRC fuse 1 in this respect is shown in FIG. 7. The state shown in FIG. 7 can also be referred to as the tripped state. A swing-out of the HV HRC fuse 1 is ultimately ensured by an interaction between the tripped HV HRC fuse 1 and the drop-out release mechanism 3. For this purpose, the HV HRC fuse 1 may ultimately have a special mechanism, which will be discussed below. In particular, the HV HRC fuse 1 can be transferred from the contacting position to the drop-out position in the drop-out fuse system 2 without a spark. Thus, the HV HRC fuse 1 can in particular switch without sparking and trigger the drop-out release mechanism 3 by a sparkless switching. The mechanical rotational movement from the contacting position to the swing-out position is survived by the HV HRC fuse 1, in particular, without causing any damage.
(19) The drop-out fuse system 2, as shown in FIG. 6, may be designed in accordance with ANSI/IEEE C37.41 (as of June 2022).
(20) The HV HRC fuse 1 shown in FIG. 1 can be designed in such a way that a rated current of greater than 30 A is ensured, preferably at a rated voltage of greater than 5 kV. The rated breaking capacity may further be greater than 1 kA, in particular greater than 20 kA, or between 20 kA to 50 kA. Furthermore, the rated voltage of the HV HRC fuse 1 may be greater than 5 kV and/or between 4 kV to 80 kV.
(21) FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate that the HV HRC fuse 1 has a spring-loaded stroke pin 10 movably mounted in the fuse housing 4 and held in the fuse housing 4. The stroke pin 10 is shown in more detail also in FIG. 10, which also illustrates the corresponding spring loading. In this context, FIGS. 3A and 3B show different positions of the HV HRC fuse 1. FIG. 3A illustrates the normal state of the HV HRC fuse 1i.e., the non-tripped state. FIG. 3B only serves to schematically illustrate that the stroke pin 10 exits when the HV HRC fuse 1 is tripped. In this context, it should be noted that FIG. 3B does not take into account that in the event of tripping of the HV HRC fuse 1, for example, the melting conductor 6 melts through or a corresponding extinguishing sand filling has been used to extinguish the arc. However, FIG. 3B schematically shows the exit of the stroke pin 10 from the lower contact cap 9.
(22) In particular, the stroke pin 10 can be used to interact with the drop-out release mechanism 3 and ultimately at least indirectly transfer the HV HRC fuse 1 from the contacting position to the swing-out position when tripped.
(23) The stroke pin 10 together with its bearing can preferably be arranged in the interior of the ceramic winding body 5, whereby the size can be reduced and optimum insulation to the melting conductor system 2 can be ensured.
(24) The stroke pin 10 can be provided for the previously discussed interaction with the drop-out release mechanism 3. For this purpose, the stroke pin 10 can emerge from the fuse housing 4, in particular the lower contact cap 9, after release with a defined exit energy and/or release force and preferably reach a minimum travel length required to trigger the drop-out release mechanism 3 within a stroke pin travel time. In this context, FIG. 3A shows the stroke pin 10 in the maximally extended state. As previously explained, the stroke pin 10 can emerge from the lower contact cap 9 after release and lead to actuation of the drop-out release mechanism 3, in particular by striking a spring-loaded section of the drop-out release mechanism 3. At least indirectly, this can lead to the HV HRC fuse 1 swinging out, although separation of the upper contact cap 8 from the drop-out release mechanism 3 is required for this.
(25) The HV HRC fuse 1 can be used with the corresponding fuse system 2 on overhead lines or high-voltage lines for fuse protection. For this purpose, it is known that the HV HRC fuse 1 is arranged obliquely to the overhead lines in the contacting position, but this is not shown in more detail. Also, FIGS. 6 and 7 show a fuse insulator 11, which may be formed, for example, of porcelain and/or of a polymer having electrically insulating properties. In this regard, the drop-out release mechanism 3 may be connected to the fuse insulator 11. The entire assemblythat is, the entire drop-out fuse system 2can then be arranged on the corresponding line or the like to be fused.
(26) Upon release, the stroke pin 10 can exert a force of at least 90 N and in particular of 120 N+/?20% on a triggering means 12 of the drop-out release mechanism 3 for release. This triggering means 12 can in particular be spring-loaded and can at least indirectly lead to the separation of the upper contact cap 8 from the drop-out release mechanism 3.
(27) FIGS. 8 and 9 show the two different end face areas of the HV HRC fuse 1 on which the respective contact caps 8 and 9 are arranged. A section of the HV HRC fuse 1 has been removed to show the inner workings, as shown schematically in FIGS. 8 and 9.
(28) FIG. 8 shows that the stroke pin 10 is connected to a secondary melting conductor 13, in particular a trigger feed wire. The secondary melting conductor 13, in particular the trigger feed wire, is designed in such a way that a fault current leads to the interruption of the secondary melting conductor 13, in particular the trigger feed wire, with the stroke pin 10 being released by the interruption of the secondary melting conductor 13. The secondary melting conductor 13, in particular the trigger feed wire, may be arranged inside the winding body 5 and preferably extend at least substantially over the length of the fuse housing 4, as this is shown schematically in FIG. 3A, which illustrates the corresponding turns of the secondary melting conductor 13, in particular the trigger feed wire, at least schematically in the cross-sectional view. However, the length of the secondary melting conductor 13 can also be taken from the exploded view of FIG. 10 and the perspective view of FIG. 11. The secondary melting conductor 13, in particular the trigger feed wire, can be at least indirectly connected to the stroke pin 10 in this case, in particular to the stroke pin bearing and/or holder.
(29) FIG. 5 shows a cross-section along the section V-V of FIG. 2. It can be seen schematically from FIG. 5 that the winding body 5 is of star-shaped design and has a plurality of support bars 14 for punctual support of the melting conductor 6, which are spaced apart from one another. In addition, the spacing is also uniform in the embodiment example shown in FIG. 5.
(30) Furthermore, FIG. 5 illustrates that the winding body 5 is designed as a hollow body, with an inner and electrically insulating inner winding body 15 being arranged inside the winding body 5. FIG. 5 further illustrates that the inner winding body 15 is also star-shaped and has regularly spaced inner support bars 16. It is not shown that the inner support bars 16 can also have a different spacing from one another. The inner support bars 16 serve to arrange or support an inner melting conductor 17. The inner melting conductor 17 can preferably be wound spirally around the inner winding body 15.
(31) In FIG. 4, it is shown that blow-out tubes 18 are provided. The blow-out tubes 18, 19 can be used to provide full-range protection by the HV HRC fuse 1. In the embodiment example shown in FIG. 4, two blow-out tubes 18, 19 are provided, a first blow-out tube 18 being arranged on the winding body 5 and a second blow-out tube 19 being arranged on the inner winding body 15. The first blow-out tube 18 serves to receive a section of the melting conductor 6, and in turn the second blow-out tube 19 may serve to receive a section of the inner melting conductor 17. The blow-out tubes 18, 19 are arranged at the respective end portions of the winding bodies 5, 15 and also receive the respective end portion of the melting conductors 6, 17.
(32) In FIG. 4, it is shown that the blow-out tubes 18, 19 surround the melting conductor 6 and the inner melting conductor 17, respectively, at least substantially completely in the corresponding section and also extend and/or are wound at least partially spirally around the winding body 5 and the inner winding body 15, respectively.
(33) The first blow-out tube 18 faces the lower contact cap 9 and the second blow-out tube 19 faces the upper contact cap 8.
(34) Not shown is that only one blow-out tube 18, 19 can also be provided, which is arranged either on the winding body 5 or the inner winding body 15.
(35) FIG. 5 shows that the inner winding body 15 is also formed as a hollow body. The secondary melting conductor 13, in particular the trigger feed wire, can be arranged in particular inside the inner winding body 15 and preferably spaced from the inside 20 of the inner winding body 15.
(36) Furthermore, FIG. 5 still shows that the inner winding body 15 can also be spaced from the inner side 21 of the winding body 5.
(37) FIG. 2 shows that a fastening means 22 is provided on the upper contact cap 8 for releasably arranging the HV HRC fuse 1 on the drop-out release mechanism 3, as shown schematically in FIG. 6. In FIG. 6, for illustrative reasons, the fastening means 22 is not seen in greater detail, as this is connected to corresponding components of the drop-out release mechanism 3.
(38) In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the fastening means 22 is designed as a nut and has an internal thread 23 not shown in more detail, as shown in FIG. 3A, but also in FIGS. 9 and 10. The internal thread 23 is not shown in more detail, but this is arranged on the inner side of the fastening means 22, which is numbered with the reference sign 23.
(39) The fastening means 22 may have a passage opening. The passage opening may be provided centrally on the fastening means 22 and serve to fill the fuse housing 4 with extinguishing agent, in particular since the internal thread 23 may be provided for arranging a filling device, the filling device being used to fill the fuse housing 4 with an extinguishing agent.
(40) FIG. 10 shows that the lower contact cap 9 has a collar 24 projecting opposite and/or from the fuse housing 4, the collar 24 being arranged circumferentially around the fuse housing 4. The collar 24 has at least one opening 25, which is preferably provided for enclosing a screw and for cooperating with the drop-out release mechanism 3. Due to the design of the drop-out release mechanism 3, it is not possible to take a closer look at FIGS. 6 and 7 to see the collar 24, as this is arranged in a corresponding holder of the drop-out release mechanism 3.
(41) FIGS. 8 and 9 show that inner auxiliary caps 26 and 27 are provided. FIG. 8 shows that an inner auxiliary cap 26 may be associated with the lower contact cap 9, whereas FIG. 9 shows that another inner auxiliary cap 27 may be associated with the upper contact cap 8.
(42) The inner auxiliary caps 26 and 27 are also shown in more detail in FIG. 10. It is not shown that only one inner auxiliary cap 26, 27 can be provided.
(43) In the embodiment examples shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the inner auxiliary caps 26, 27 are each at least substantially completely covered by the respective associated contact cap 8, 9.
(44) The inner auxiliary cap 26, 27 may be formed to support the winding body 5 and/or the inner winding body 15 and/or a stroke pin bearing formed to support the stroke pin 10.
(45) FIG. 11 shows that the inner auxiliary cap 27 is provided for arranging and/or holding the secondary melting conductor 13, in particular the trigger feed wire. For arranging the components of the HV HRC fuse 1, the inner auxiliary cap 26, 27 can have arrangement means 28, in particular as a connection lug, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. The arrangement means 28, in particular the connection lugs, may be provided in particular for engaging behind a section of the winding body 5 and/or the inner winding body 15. The winding body 5 and/or the inner winding body 15 can have corresponding formations for this purpose.
(46) Furthermore, the inner auxiliary cap 26, 27 can be mounted at least substantially frictionally and/or positively on the fuse housing 4. Ultimately, the inner auxiliary caps 26, 27 serve for optimum centering of the components as well as for achieving low transition resistances, in particular through respective press fits.
(47) It is not shown in more detail that the melting conductor 6, the secondary melting conductor 13, in particular the trigger feed wire, and/or the inner melting conductor 17 have overload points and/or short-circuit constrictions. Not shown is that two overload points formed as a cross-sectional constriction are provided, wherein a solder section may further be provided between two successive overload points. This solder section can circumferentially surround the outer lateral surface of the melting conductor 6 and/or the inner melting conductor 17 at least in certain regions.
(48) In FIG. 4, it is schematically shown that an extinguishing agent 29, in particular an extinguishing sand, is provided in the fuse housing 4. Preferably, the fuse housing 4 is filled with the extinguishing agent 29, which is not shown in more detail for illustration purposes. In particular, quartz sand may be provided as the extinguishing agent 29.
(49) Also not shown in more detail is that the fuse housing 4 has a maximum diameter of at least 40 mm, preferably between 50 mm to 80 mm. In addition, it is not shown in more detail that the fuse housing 4 has a maximum length of at least 100 mm and in particular between 200 mm to 300 mm.
LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS
(50) 1 HV HRC fuse 2 Drop-out fuse system 3 Drop-out release mechanism 4 Fuse housing 5 Winding body 6 Melting conductor 7 End face 8 Upper contact cap 9 Lower contact cap 10 Stroke pin 11 Fuse insulator 12 Triggering means 13 Secondary melting conductor 14 Support bars 15 Inside winding body 16 Inner support bars 17 Inner melting conductor 18 First blow-out tube 19 Second blow-out tube 20 Inner side from 15 21 Inner side from 5 22 Fastening means 23 Internal thread 24 Collar 25 Opening from 24 26 Inner auxiliary cap 27 Inner auxiliary cap 28 Arrangement means 29 Extinguishing agents
