Use of zinc salts in combination with alkyl amines in cement-based dry mortar mixtures

Abstract

A binder composition that includes cement, optionally calcium sulfate, at least one zinc salt and at least one alkylamine, and to a dry-mortar mixture that includes said binder composition. The present invention further relates to the use of a composition composed of a zinc salt and an alkylamine for achieving high early strengths in a binder composition.

Claims

1. A binder composition comprising i) 0.1° A to 99.9% by weight of Portland cement, ii) 0.1% to 99.9% by weight of alumina cement, iii) optionally 0.1% to 99.0% by weight of calcium sulfate, iv) 0.01% to 10.0% by weight of at least one zinc salt, and v) 0.01% to 10.0% by weight of at least one alkylamine, based on the total weight of the binder composition.

2. The binder composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one zinc salt is selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, zinc hydroxide, zinc chloride, zinc iodide, zinc bromide, zinc phosphate, zinc hydrogen phosphate, zinc dihydrogen phosphate, zinc carbonate, zinc hydrogen carbonate, zinc nitrate, zinc nitrite, zinc sulfate, zinc thiosulfate, zinc hydrogen sulfate, zinc sulfite, zinc sulfide, zinc formate, zinc acetate, zinc gluconate, zinc stearate, zinc tartrate, zinc citrate, and mixtures thereof.

3. The binder composition according to claim 2, wherein the at least one zinc salt is zinc citrate and/or zinc sulfate.

4. The binder composition according to claim 1 wherein the at least one alkylamine is an amino alcohol and/or a salt thereof.

5. The binder composition according to claim 4, wherein the amino alcohol is selected from the group consisting of tris(hydroxymethylamino)methane, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine or salts thereof and mixtures thereof.

6. The binder composition according to claim 1 further comprising up to 10.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the binder composition, of at least one additive selected from the group consisting of thickeners, water-retention agents, pH modifiers, accelerators, retarders, rheology modifiers, hydrophobizing agents, pigments, organic or inorganic fibers, and mixtures thereof.

7. The binder composition according to claim 1 further comprising up to 10.0% by weight of at least one surface-active substance, based on the total weight of the binder composition.

8. The binder composition according to claim 7, wherein the at least one surface-active substance is selected from the group consisting of air-entraining agents, defoamers, wetting additives, superplasticizers, surfactants, and mixtures thereof.

9. The binder composition according to claim 1 further comprising at least one dispersion powder selected from the group consisting of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), polystyrene (PS), polyacrylate (PAc), polybutadienes (BR), vinyl esters, Versatates, and copolymers and/or mixtures thereof.

10. The binder composition according to claim 1 further comprising at least one latently hydraulic and/or pozzolanic component selected from the group consisting of natural or thermally activated rock powders, microsilica, metakaolin, aluminosilicates, fly ashes, volcanic ashes, trass, rice-husk ash, activated clay, pozzolans, slag sand, burnt oil shale, and mixtures thereof.

11. An article comprising the binder composition according to claim 1.

12. The article according to claim 11, wherein the article is a dry-mortar mixture.

13. The article according to claim 11, further comprising at least one filler.

14. The article according to claim 13, wherein the filler is at least one from the following series: chalk, quartz sand, quartz powder, rock powders, lightweight fillers, calcite, dolomite, talc, kaolin, mica, heavy spar, pumice powder, perlite, mineral foam, foam beads, pumice, foam glass, hollow-glass spheres, vermiculite, and calcium silicate hydrate.

15. A method of achieving high early strengths in a binder composition, the method comprising adding 0.01% to 10.0% by weight of at least one zinc salt and 0.01% to 10.0% by weight of at least one alkylamine to a hardenable binder composition comprising components i), ii), and iii) according to claim 1.

Description

EXAMPLES

(1) Dry Mortar 1 (Reference)

(2) 25.0% by weight Portland cement 15.0% by weight alumina cement 10.0% by weight calcium sulfate 5.0% by weight microsilica 44.6% by weight quartz sand 0.2% by weight lithium carbonate 0.2% by weight tartaric acid Mixing water: 150 g/kg
Dry Mortar 2 (Inventive) 25.0% by weight Portland cement 15.0% by weight alumina cement 10.0% by weight calcium sulfate 5.0% by weight microsilica 44.4% by weight quartz sand 0.2% by weight lithium carbonate 0.2% by weight zinc citrate 0.2% by weight tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane Mixing water: 150 g/kg
Dry Mortar 3 (Inventve) 25.0% by weight Portland cement 15.0% by weight alumina cement 10.0% by weight calcium sulfate 5.0% by weight microsilica 44.0% by weight quartz sand 0.2% by weight lithium carbonate 0.2% by weight zinc sulfate 0.5% by weight triethanolamine 0.1% by weight citric acid Mixing water: 140 g/kg
Dry Mortar 4 (Reference) 25.0% by weight Portland cement 15.0% by weight alumina cement 10.0% by weight calcium sulfate 5.0% by weight microsilica 44.6% by weight quartz sand 0.2% by weight lithium carbonate 0.2% by weight zinc citrate Mixing water: 150 g/kg
Dry Mortar 5 (Reference) 24.9% by weight Portland cement 14.9% by weight alumina cement 9.9% by weight calcium sulfate 5.0% by weight microsilica 44.4% by weight quartz sand 0.2% by weight lithium carbonate 0.2% by weight zinc citrate 0.5% by weight ethylene glycol Mixing water: 150 g/kg
Dry Mortar 6 (Reference) 24.9% by weight Portland cement 15.0% by weight alumina cement 10.0% by weight calcium sulfate 5.0% by weight microsilica 44.5% by weight quartz sand 0.2% by weight lithium carbonate 0.2% by weight tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane 0.2% by weight tartaric acid Mixing water: 150 g/kg

(3) Test specimens were produced from the resulting fresh masses (160 mm×40 mm×40 mm) and used to determine the compressive strength in accordance with DIN EN 12190. The results are summarized in tables 1 to 6.

(4) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Compressive strengths with dry mortar 1 (reference) Test temperature [° C.] 23 5 −5 Compressive strength [N/mm.sup.2] 18.5 too soft too soft after 1 h after 2 h [N/mm.sup.2] 27.6 too soft too soft after 4 h [N/mm.sup.2] 40.3 6.8 too soft after 24 h [N/mm.sup.2] 43.9 38.5 too soft

(5) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Compressive strengths with dry mortar 2 (inventive) Test temperature [° C.] 23 5 −5 Compressive strength [N/mm.sup.2] 22.2 12.7 too soft after 1 h after 2 h [N/mm.sup.2] 39.8 28.1 3.6 after 4 h [N/mm.sup.2] 42.3 34.9 13.8 after 24 h [N/mm.sup.2] 44.9 48.7 39.3

(6) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Compressive strengths with dry mortar 3 (inventive) Test temperature [° C.] 23 5 −5 Compressive strength [N/mm.sup.2] 20.3 8.3 too soft after 1 h after 2 h [N/mm.sup.2] 35.8 24.7 too soft after 4 h [N/mm.sup.2] 39.9 29.9 9.8 after 24 h [N/mm.sup.2] 46.1 50.0 30.1

(7) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Compressive strengths with dry mortar 4 (reference) Test temperature [° C.] 23 5 −5 Compressive strength [N/mm.sup.2] — 1.2 — after 1 h after 2 h [N/mm.sup.2] — 8.6 — after 4 h [N/mm.sup.2] — 20.1 — after 24 h [N/mm.sup.2] — 51.1 —

(8) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Compressive strengths with dry mortar 5 (reference) Test temperature [° C.] 23 5 −5 Compressive strength [N/mm.sup.2] 18.7 too soft — after 1 h after 2 h [N/mm.sup.2] 29.6 too soft — after 4 h [N/mm.sup.2] 45.2 18.6 — after 24 h [N/mm.sup.2] 48.9 42.0 —

(9) TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Compressive strengths with dry mortar 6 (reference) Test temperature [° C.] 23 5 −5 Compressive strength [N/mm.sup.2] 9.6 too soft — after 1 h after 2 h [N/mm.sup.2] 20.1 too soft — after 4 h [N/mm.sup.2] 31.1 6.5 — after 24 h [N/mm.sup.2] 45.8 41.2 —

(10) The results show that the dry-mortar mixtures of the invention, which comprise both a zinc salt and an alkylamine as additives, have high early strengths at room temperature and at lower temperatures, whereas the reference mixture does not harden adequately, particularly at low temperatures.