Liquid-crystalline medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium which comprises at least one compound of the formula I, ##STR00001##
in which
R.sup.1, R.sup.1*, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2 and L.sup.1-3 have the meanings defined herein,
and to the use thereof for an active-matrix display, in particular based on the VA, PSA, PS-VA, PALC, FFS, PS-FFS, PS-IPS or IPS effect.

Claims

1. A liquid-crystalline medium comprising: at least one compound of formula I, ##STR00464## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.1* each, independently of one another, denote an alkyl or alkoxy radical having 1 to 15 C atoms, where, in addition, one or more CH.sub.2 groups in these radicals may each optionally be replaced, independently of one another, by C?C, CF.sub.2O, CH?CH, ##STR00465## O, COO, OCO in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another, and in which, in addition, one or more H atoms may each optionally be replaced by halogen, Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 each, independently of one another, denote a single bond, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2, CH?CH, CH.sub.2O, OCH.sub.2, CF.sub.2O, OCF.sub.2, COO, OCO, C.sub.2F.sub.4, C?C, CF?CF, or CH?CHCHO, and L.sup.1-3 each, independently of one another, denote F, Cl, CF.sub.3, OCF.sub.3 or CHF.sub.2; and at least one compound selected from formulas IIA-13 to IIA-31, IIA-44 to IIA-52, IIB-7 to IIB-10, L-1 to L-11, T-1 to T-12, T-14 to T-21, BC, CR, PH-1, PH-2, BF-1, BF-2, BS-1, BS-2, O-6, P-1 to P-4, Z-1 to Z-9, and B-1a: ##STR00466## ##STR00467## ##STR00468## wherein alkyl and alkyl* each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkyl radical having 1-6 C atoms, alkenyl and alkenyl* each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkenyl radical having 2-6 C atoms, and (O) denotes a single bond or O; ##STR00469## ##STR00470## wherein R, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each, independently of one another, denote H, an alkyl or alkenyl radical having up to 15 C atoms which is unsubstituted, or monosubstituted by CN or CF.sub.3 or at least monosubstituted by halogen, where, in addition, one or more CH.sub.2 groups in these radicals may each optionally be replaced by O, S, ##STR00471## C?C, CF.sub.2O, OCF.sub.2, OCO or OCO in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another, (O) denotes a single bond or O, alkyl denotes an alkyl radical having 1-6 C atoms, and s denotes 1 or 2; ##STR00472## ##STR00473## ##STR00474## wherein R denotes a straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy radical having 1-7 C atoms or alkenyl having 2-6 C atoms, (O) denotes a single bond or O, m=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, and n denotes 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; ##STR00475## wherein R.sup.B1, R.sup.B2, R.sup.CR1, R.sup.CR2, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 each, independently of one another, denote H, an alkyl or alkenyl radical having up to 15 C atoms which is unsubstituted, or monosubstituted by CN or CF.sub.3 or at least monosubstituted by halogen, where, in addition, one or more CH.sub.2 groups in these radicals may each optionally be replaced by O, S, ##STR00476## C?C, CF.sub.2O, OCF.sub.2, OCO or OCO in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another, c is 0, 1 or 2, and d is 1 or 2; ##STR00477## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each, independently of one another, denote H, an alkyl or alkenyl radical having up to 15 C atoms which is unsubstituted, or monosubstituted by CN or CF.sub.3 or at least monosubstituted by halogen, where, in addition, one or more CH.sub.2 groups in these radicals may each optionally be replaced by O, S, ##STR00478## C?C, CF.sub.2O, OCF.sub.2, OCO or OCO in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another; ##STR00479## wherein R denotes straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or alkenyl, each having up to 6 C atoms respectively, and X denotes F, Cl, CF.sub.3, OCF.sub.3, OCHFCF.sub.3 or CCF.sub.2CHFCF.sub.3; ##STR00480## in which R denotes H, an alkyl or alkenyl radical having up to 15 C atoms which is unsubstituted, or monosubstituted by CN or CF.sub.3 or at least monosubstituted by halogen, where, in addition, one or more CH.sub.2 groups in these radicals may each optionally be replaced by O, S, ##STR00481## C?C, CF.sub.2O, OCF.sub.2, OCO or OCO in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another, (O) denotes a single bond or O, and alkyl denotes an alkyl radical having 1-6 C atoms; ##STR00482## wherein alkyl* denotes an alkyl radical having 1 6 C atoms.

2. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said at least one compound of formula I is at least one compound of formulae I-a to I-h, ##STR00483## R.sup.1 and R.sup.1* have the meanings indicated in claim 1.

3. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said at least one compound of formula I is at least one compound of formulae I-a-1 to I-a-36 ##STR00484## ##STR00485## ##STR00486## ##STR00487## ##STR00488##

4. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein the proportion of compounds of formula I in said medium as a whole is 1-30% by weight.

5. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium further comprises one or more compounds selected from the compounds of formulae IIA, IIB and IIC, wherein said one or more compounds of formulae IIA, IIB and IIC are not compounds of formulas IIA-13 to IIA-31, IIA-44 to IIA-52, and IIB-7 to IIB-10: ##STR00489## in which R.sup.2A, R.sup.2B and R.sup.2C each, independently of one another, denote H, an alkyl or alkenyl radical having up to 15 C atoms which is unsubstituted, monosubstituted by CN or CF.sub.3 or at least monosubstituted by halogen, where, in addition, one or more CH.sub.2 groups in these radicals may each optionally be replaced by O, S, ##STR00490## C?C, CF.sub.2O, OCF.sub.2, OCO or OCO in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another, L.sup.1-4 each, independently of one another, denote F, Cl, CF.sub.3 or CHF.sub.2, Z.sup.2 and Z.sup.2 each, independently of one another, denote a single bond, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2, CH?CH, CF.sub.2O, OCF.sub.2, CH.sub.2O, OCH.sub.2, COO, OCO, C.sub.2F.sub.4, CF?CF, C?C, or CH?CHCH.sub.2O, (O) denotes a single bond or O, p denotes 0, 1 or 2, q denotes 0 or 1, and v denotes 1 to 6.

6. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium further comprises one or more compounds of formula III, ##STR00491## in which R.sup.31 and R.sup.32 each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl or alkenyloxy radical having up to 12 C atoms, and ##STR00492## denotes ##STR00493## and Z.sup.3 denotes a single bond, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2, CH?CH, CF.sub.2O, OCF.sub.2, CH.sub.2O, OCH.sub.2, COO, OCO, C.sub.2F.sub.4, C.sub.4H.sub.9, C?C, or CF?CF.

7. The liquid-crystalline medium according claim 1, wherein said medium contains one or more compounds of formulae L-1 to L-11, ##STR00494## in which R, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each, independently of one another, denotes H, an alkyl or alkenyl radical having up to 15 C atoms which is unsubstituted, monosubstituted by CN or CF.sub.3 or at least monosubstituted by halogen, where, in addition, one or more CH.sub.2 groups in these radicals may each optionally be replaced by O, S, ##STR00495## C?C, CF.sub.2O, OCF.sub.2, OCO or OCO in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another, (O) denotes a single bond or O, alkyl denotes an alkyl radical having 1-6 C atoms, and s denotes 1 or 2.

8. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium contains one or more terphenyls of formulae T-1 to T-12 and T-14 to T-21, ##STR00496## ##STR00497## in which R denotes a straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy radical having 1-7 C atoms, (O) denotes a single bond or O, m denotes 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, and n denotes 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.

9. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium further comprises one or more compounds of formulae O-1 to O-5 and O-7 to O-17, ##STR00498## ##STR00499## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each, independently of one another, denotes H, an alkyl or alkenyl radical having up to 15 C atoms which is unsubstituted, monosubstituted by CN or CF.sub.3 or at least monosubstituted by halogen, where, in addition, one or more CH.sub.2 groups in these radicals may each optionally be replaced by O, S, ##STR00500## C?C, CF.sub.2O, OCF.sub.2, OCO or OCO in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another.

10. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium contains one or more compounds selected from formulae BC, CR, PH-1, PH-2, BF-1, BF-2, BS-1 and BS-2, ##STR00501## in which R.sup.B1, R.sup.B2, R.sup.CR1, R.sup.CR2, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 each, independently of one another, denotes H, an alkyl or alkenyl radical having up to 15 C atoms which is unsubstituted, monosubstituted by CN or CF.sub.3 or at least monosubstituted by halogen, where, in addition, one or more CH.sub.2 groups in these radicals may each optionally be replaced by O, S, ##STR00502## C?C, CF.sub.2O, OCF.sub.2, OCO or OCO in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another, c denotes 0, 1 or 2, and d denotes 1 or 2.

11. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium further comprises one or more compounds of the formulae ##STR00503## ##STR00504## ##STR00505##

12. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium comprises 5-60% of the compound of the formula ##STR00506##

13. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium contains one or more compounds selected from formulae P-1 to P-4, ##STR00507## in which R denotes straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or alkenyl, each having 1 or 2 to 6 C atoms respectively, and X denotes F, Cl, CF.sub.3, OCF.sub.3, OCHFCF.sub.3 or CCF.sub.2CHFCF.sub.3.

14. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium contains one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of the formulae ##STR00508## in which R, R.sup.1, and R.sup.2 each, independently of one another, denotes H, an alkyl or alkenyl radical having up to 15 C atoms which is unsubstituted, monosubstituted by CN or CF.sub.3 or at least monosubstituted by halogen, where, in addition, one or more CH.sub.2 groups in these radicals may each optionally be replaced by O, S, ##STR00509## C?C, CF.sub.2O, OCF.sub.2, OCO or OCO in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another, alkyl and alkyl* each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkyl radical having 1-6 C atoms, alkenyl* denotes a straight-chain alkenyl radical having 2-6 C atoms, (O)alkyl, (O)-alkyl and (O)alkyl* each, independently of one another, denote alkyl or O-alkyl, (O)alkenyl* each, independently of one another, denote alkenyl or O-alkenyl, m denotes 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, n denotes 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, x denotes 1 to 6, and c denotes 0, 1 or 2.

15. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium comprises at least one polymerizable compound.

16. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium further comprises one or more additives.

17. The liquid-crystalline medium according claim 16, wherein said one or more additives are selected from free-radical scavengers, antioxidants and UV stabilizers.

18. A process for the preparation of a liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, comprising mixing at least one compound of formula I with at least one compound selected from formulas IIA-13 to IIA-31, IIA-44 to IIA-52, IIB-7 to IIB-10, L-1 to L-11, T-1 to T-21, BC, CR, PH-1, PH-2, BF-1, BF-2, BS-1, BS-2, O-6, P-1 to P-4, Z-1 to Z-9, and B-1a, optionally adding one or more additives, and optionally adding at least one polymerizable compound.

19. A method of inducing an electro-optical effect comprising applying a voltage to a liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1.

20. An electro-optical display having active-matrix addressing, said display comprising a liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1 as dielectric.

21. The electro-optical display according to claim 20, wherein said display is a VA, PSA, PA-VA, PS-VA, PALC, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, PS-FFS display.

22. The electro-optical display according to claim 21, wherein said display is an IPS, PS-IPS, FFS or PS-FFS display which has a planar alignment layer.

23. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium contains one or more compounds of the following formulae: ##STR00510## ##STR00511## ##STR00512## ##STR00513## in which alkyl and alkyl* each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkyl radical having 1-6 C atoms, alkenyl and alkenyl* each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkenyl radical having 2-6 C atoms, and (O) denotes a single bond or O.

24. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium further comprises at least one compound of formula IIC-1 ##STR00514## wherein alkyl and alkyl* each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkyl radical having 1-6 C atom.

25. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium further comprises one or more biphenyls of formulae B-1 to B-3, ##STR00515## in which alkyl and alkyl* each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkyl radical having 1-6 C atoms, and alkenyl and alkenyl* each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkenyl radical having 2-6 C atoms.

26. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium contains one or more compounds of formulae Z-1 to Z-9 ##STR00516## in which R denotes H, an alkyl or alkenyl radical having up to 15 C atoms which is unsubstituted, or monosubstituted by CN or CF.sub.3 or at least monosubstituted by halogen, where, in addition, one or more CH.sub.2 groups in these radicals are each optionally replaced by O, S, ##STR00517## C?C, CF.sub.2O, OCF.sub.2, OCO or OCO in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another, (O) denotes a single bond or O, and alkyl denotes an alkyl radical having 1-6 C atoms.

27. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium contains one or more of the following compounds: ##STR00518##

28. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium contains a compound of formula CC-3-V ##STR00519## and a compound of formula CC-3V-1 ##STR00520##

29. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 28, wherein the total amount of compounds CC-3-V and CC-3V-1 combined is 10-65% by weight of the medium.

30. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium further comprises at least one compound selected from formulae O-10a to O-10b and at least one compound selected from formulae O-17z to O-17d: ##STR00521##

31. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 30, wherein the total amount of compounds of formulae O-10a and/or O-10b and compounds of the formulae O-17a to O-17d combined is 5-40% by weight of the medium.

32. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 30, wherein said medium contains at least one compound of formula O-10a and at least one compound of formula O-17a.

33. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 32, wherein the total amount of compounds of formulae O-10a and O-17a combined is 15-35% by weight of the medium.

34. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 30, wherein said medium contains at least one compound of formula O-10b and at least one compound of formula O-17a.

35. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 34, wherein the total amount of compounds of formulae O-10b and O-17a combined is 15-35% by weight of the medium.

36. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 30, wherein said medium contains at least one compound of formula O-10a, at least one compound of formula O-10b, and at least one compound of formula O-17a.

37. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 36, wherein the total amount of compounds of formulae O-10a, O-10b and O-17a combined is 15-35% by weight of the medium.

38. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium further comprises at least one compound selected from formulae O-7, O-10, and O-17 ##STR00522## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each, independently of one another, denotes H, an alkyl or alkenyl radical having up to 15 C atoms which is unsubstituted, monosubstituted by CN or CF.sub.3 or at least monosubstituted by halogen, where, in addition, one or more CH.sub.2 groups in these radicals are each optionally replaced by O, S, ##STR00523## C?C, CF.sub.2O, OCF.sub.2, OCO or OCO in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another.

39. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 38, wherein in the compounds of formulae O-7 and O-17, R.sup.1 is alkyl having 1-6 C atoms or alkenyl having 2-6 C atoms, and R.sup.2 is alkenyl having 2-6 C atoms, and in the compounds of formula O-10, R.sup.1 is alkyl having 1-6 C atoms or alkenyl having 2-6 C atoms, and R.sup.2 is alkyl having 1-6 C atoms.

40. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein the total amount of compounds of formulae BC, CR, PH-1, PH-2, BF-1, BF-2, BS-1 and BS-2 is 3 to 20% by weight of the medium.

41. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium contains at least one compound of formulae BC, CR, BF-1 and BS-1, and said compounds of formulae BC, CR, BF-1 and BS-1 are selected from the compounds formulae BC-1 to BC-7, CR-1 to CR-5, BF-1a to BF-1c-, BS-1a to BS-1c, ##STR00524## ##STR00525## in which alkyl and alkyl* each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkyl radical having 1-6 C atoms, and alkenyl and alkenyl* each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkenyl radical having 2-6 C atoms.

42. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium contains one, two or three compounds selected from formulae BC-2, BF-1 and BF-2.

43. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium further comprises one or more compounds of formula In, ##STR00526## in which R.sup.11, R.sup.12, R.sup.13 each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl or alkenyl radical having 1-6 C atoms, R.sup.12 and R.sup.13 additionally may denote halogen, ##STR00527## denotes ##STR00528## i denotes 0, 1 or 2.

44. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium further comprises one or more polymerizable compounds selected from the compounds of formula M
R.sup.Ma-A.sup.M1-(Z.sup.M1-A.sup.M2).sub.m1-R.sup.MbM wherein R.sup.Ma and R.sup.Mb each, independently of one another, denote P, P-Sp-, H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO.sub.2, NCO, NCS, OCN, SCN, SF.sub.5 or an alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group having 1 to 25 C atoms wherein in the alkyl group one or more non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups are each optionally replaced, independently of one another, by C(R.sup.0)?C(R.sup.00), C?C, N(R.sup.00), O, S, CO, COO, OCO, OCOO in such a way that O and/or S atoms are not linked directly to one another, and in which, in addition, one or more H atoms are each optionally replaced by F, Cl, Br, I, CN, P or P-Sp-, P denotes a polymerizable group, Sp denotes a spacer group or a single bond, A.sup.M1 and A.sup.M2 each, independently of one another, denote an aromatic, heteroaromatic, alicyclic or heterocyclic group having 4 to 25 ring atoms, which may contain annellated rings, and which are unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by L, L denotes P, P-Sp-, OH, CH.sub.2OH, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO.sub.2, NCO, NCS, OCN, SCN, C(?O)N(R.sup.x).sub.2, C(?O)Y.sup.1, C(?O)R.sup.x, N(R.sup.x).sub.2, optionally substituted silyl, optionally substituted aryl having 6 to 20 C atoms, or straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 25 C atoms, in which, in addition, one or more H atoms are each optionally replaced by F, Cl, P or P-Sp-, Y.sup.1 denotes halogen, Z.sup.M1 denotes O, S, CO, COO, OCO, OCOO, OCH.sub.2, CH.sub.2O, SCH.sub.2, CH.sub.2S, CF.sub.2O, OCF.sub.2, CF.sub.2S, SCF.sub.2, (CH.sub.2).sub.n1, CF.sub.2CH.sub.2, CH.sub.2CF.sub.2, (CF.sub.2).sub.n1, CH?CH, CF?CF, C?C, CH?CH, COO, OCOCH?CH, CR.sup.0R.sup.00 or a single bond, R.sup.0 and R.sup.00 each, independently of one another, denote H or alkyl having 1 to 12 C atoms, R.sup.x denotes P, P-Sp-, H, halogen, straight-chain, branched or cyclic alkyl having 1 to 25 C atoms, in which, in addition, one or more non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups are each optionally replaced by O, S, CO, COO, OCO, or OCOO in such a way that O and/or S atoms are not linked directly to one another, and in which, in addition, one or more H atoms are each optionally replaced by F, Cl, P or P-Sp-, an optionally substituted aryl or aryloxy group having 6 to 40 C atoms, or an optionally substituted heteroaryl or heteroaryloxy group having 2 to 40 C atoms, m1 denotes 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 and n1 denotes 1, 2, 3 or 4, where at least one of the groups R.sup.Ma, R.sup.Mb and L present denotes a group P or P-Sp- or contains at least one group P or P-Sp-.

45. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium further comprises one or more polymerizable compounds selected from the following formulae: ##STR00529## ##STR00530## ##STR00531## ##STR00532## ##STR00533## ##STR00534## in which: P.sup.1, P.sup.2 and P.sup.3 each, identically or differently, denote a polymerizable group, Sp.sup.1, Sp.sup.2 and Sp.sup.3 each, independently of one another, denote a single bond or a spacer group, where one or more of the radicals P.sup.1-Sp.sup.1-, P.sup.2Sp.sup.2- and P.sup.3-Sp.sup.3- may also denote R.sup.aa, with the proviso that at least one of the radicals P.sup.1-Sp.sup.1-, P.sup.2-Sp.sup.2- and P.sup.3-Sp.sup.3-present does not denote R.sup.aa, R.sup.aa denotes H, F, Cl, CN or straight-chain or branched alkyl having 1 to 25 C atoms, in which, in addition, one or more non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups are each optionally replaced, independently of one another, by C(R.sup.0)?C(R.sup.00), C?C, N(R.sup.0), O, S, CO, COO, OCO, or OCOO in such a way that O and/or S atoms are not linked directly to one another, and in which, in addition, one or more H atoms are each optionally replaced by F, Cl, CN or P-Sp-, R.sup.0, R.sup.00 each, independently of one another and on each occurrence identically or differently, denote H or alkyl having 1 to 12 C atoms, X.sup.1, X.sup.2 and X.sup.3 each, independently of one another, denote COO, OCO or a single bond, Z.sup.1 denotes O, CO, C(R.sup.yR.sup.z) or CF.sub.2CF.sub.2, R.sup.y and R.sup.z each, independently of one another, denote H, F, CH.sub.3 or CF.sub.3, Z.sup.2 and Z.sup.3 each, independently of one another, denote COO, OCO, CH.sub.2O, OCH.sub.2, CF.sub.2O, OCF.sub.2 or (CH.sub.2).sub.n, where n is 2, 3 or 4, L on each occurrence, identically or differently, denotes F, Cl, CN, SCN, SF.sub.5 or straight-chain or branched, optionally mono- or polyfluorinated, alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having up to 12 C atoms, L and L each, independently of one another, denote H, F or Cl, r denotes 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, s denotes 0, 1, 2 or 3, t denotes 0, 1 or 2, x denotes 0 or 1.

46. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium further comprises one or more of the following stabilizers in an amount up to 10% by weight of the medium: ##STR00535## ##STR00536## ##STR00537## ##STR00538## ##STR00539##

47. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein said medium further comprises one or more reactive mesogenic compounds selected from the following formulae: ##STR00540## ##STR00541## ##STR00542## ##STR00543## ##STR00544## ##STR00545## ##STR00546## ##STR00547## ##STR00548## ##STR00549## ##STR00550## ##STR00551##

Description

WORKING EXAMPLES

(1) The following examples are intended to explain the invention without limiting it. In the examples, m.p. denotes the melting point and C denotes the clearing point of a liquid-crystalline substance in degrees Celsius; boiling temperatures are denoted by m.p. Furthermore: C denotes crystalline solid state, S denotes smectic phase (the index denotes the phase type), N denotes nematic state, Ch denotes cholesteric phase, I denotes isotropic phase, T.sub.g denotes glass-transition temperature. The number between two symbols indicates the conversion temperature in degrees Celsius an.

(2) The host mixture used for determination of the optical anisotropy ?n of the compounds of the formula I is the commercial mixture ZLI-4792 (Merck KGaA). The dielectric anisotropy ?? is determined using commercial mixture ZLI-2857. The physical data of the compound to be investigated are obtained from the change in the dielectric constants of the host mixture after addition of the compound to be investigated and extrapolation to 100% of the compound employed. In general, 10% of the compound to be investigated are dissolved in the host mixture, depending on the solubility.

(3) Unless indicated otherwise, parts or percent data denote parts by weight or percent by weight.

(4) Above and below: V.sub.o denotes threshold voltage, capacitive [V] at 20? C., n.sub.e denotes extraordinary refractive index at 20? C. and 589 nm, n.sub.o denotes ordinary refractive index at 20? C. and 589 nm, ?n denotes optical anisotropy at 20? C. and 589 nm, ?.sub.? denotes dielectric permittivity perpendicular to the director at 20? C. and 1 kHz, ?.sub.? denotes dielectric permittivity parallel to the director at 20? C. and 1 kHz, ?? denotes dielectric anisotropy at 20? C. and 1 kHz, cl.p., T(N,I) denotes clearing point [? C.], ?.sub.1 denotes rotational viscosity measured at 20? C. [mPa.Math.s], determined by the rotation method in a magnetic field, K.sub.1 denotes elastic constant, splay deformation at 20? C. [pN], K.sub.2 denotes elastic constant, twist deformation at 20? C. [pN], K.sub.3 denotes elastic constant, bend deformation at 20? C. [pN], LTS denotes low-temperature stability (nematic phase), determined in test cells.

(5) Unless explicitly noted otherwise, all values indicated in the present application for temperatures, such as, for example, the melting point T(C,N), the transition from the smectic (S) to the nematic (N) phase T(S,N) and the clearing point T(N,I), are indicated in degrees Celsius (? C.). M.p. denotes melting point, cl.p.=clearing point. Furthermore, Tg=glass state, C=crystalline state, N=nematic phase, S=smectic phase and I=isotropic phase. The numbers between these symbols represent the transition temperatures.

(6) All physical properties are and have been determined in accordance with Merck Liquid Crystals, Physical Properties of Liquid Crystals, Status November 1997, Merck KGaA, Germany, and apply for a temperature of 20? C., and ?n is determined at 589 nm and ?? at 1 kHz, unless explicitly indicated otherwise in each case.

(7) The term threshold voltage for the present invention relates to the capacitive threshold (V.sub.0), also called the Freedericksz threshold, unless explicitly indicated otherwise. In the examples, as is generally usual, the optical threshold can also be indicated for 10% relative contrast (V.sub.10).

(8) The display used for measurement of the capacitive threshold voltage consists of two plane-parallel glass outer plates at a separation of 20 ?m, which each have on the insides an electrode layer and an unrubbed polyimide alignment layer on top, which cause a homeotropic edge alignment of the liquid-crystal molecules.

(9) The display or test cell used for measurement of the tilt angle consists of two plane-parallel glass outer plates at a separation of 4 ?m, which each have on the insides an electrode layer and a polyimide alignment layer on top, where the two polyimide layers are rubbed antiparallel to one another and cause a homeotropic edge alignment of the liquid-crystal molecules.

(10) The polymerizable compounds are polymerized in the display or test cell by irradiation with UVA light (usually 365 nm) of a defined intensity for a pre-specified time, with a voltage simultaneously being applied to the display (usually 10 V to 30 V alternating current, 1 kHz). In the examples, unless indicated otherwise, a 50 mW/cm.sup.2 mercury vapor lamp is used, and the intensity is measured using a standard UV meter (make Ushio UNI meter) fitted with a 365 nm band-pass filter.

(11) The tilt angle is determined by a rotational crystal experiment (Autronic-Melchers TBA-105). A low value (i.e. a large deviation from the 900 angle) corresponds to a large tilt here.

(12) The VHR value is measured as follows: 0.3% of a polymerizable monomeric compound is added to the LC host mixture, and the resultant mixture is introduced into TN-VHR test cells (rubbed at 90?, alignment layer TN polyimide, layer thickness d?6 ?m). The HR value is determined after 5 min at 100? C. before and after UV exposure for 2 h (sun test) at 1 V, 60 Hz, 64 ?s pulse (measuring instrument: Autronic-Melchers VHRM-105).

(13) In order to investigate the low-temperature stability, also known as LTS, i.e. the stability of the LC mixture to spontaneous crystallization-out of individual components at low temperatures, bottles containing 1 g of LC/RM mixture are stored at ?10? C., and it is regularly checked whether the mixtures have crystallized out.

(14) The so-called HTP denotes the helical twisting power of an optically active or chiral substance in an LC medium (in ?m). Unless indicated otherwise, the HTP is measured in the commercially available nematic LC host mixture MLD-6260 (Merck KGaA) at a temperature of 20? C.

(15) Unless explicitly noted otherwise, all concentrations in the present application are indicated in percent by weight and relate to the corresponding mixture as a whole, comprising all solid or liquid-crystalline components, without solvents. All physical properties are determined in accordance with Merck Liquid Crystals, Physical Properties of Liquid Crystals, Status November 1997, Merck KGaA, Germany, and apply for a temperature of 20? C., unless explicitly indicated otherwise.

(16) The following mixture examples having negative dielectric anisotropy are suitable, in particular, for liquid-crystal displays which have at least one planar alignment layer, such as, for example, IPS and FFS displays, in particular UB-FFS (=ultra-bright FFS), and for VA displays.

(17) The following mixture examples may additionally comprise a stabilizer, for example Tinuvin 770 (=bis(2,2,6,6-tetraethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate), preferably in amounts of 0-1%.

MIXTURE EXAMPLES

Example M1

(18) TABLE-US-00009 CC-3-V 38.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 74.5 CC-3-V1 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1078 CY-3-O2 1.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.0 CCY-3-O1 5.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.8 CCY-3-O2 11.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.6 CPY-2-O2 4.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.40 CPY-3-O2 11.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 83 PY-3-O2 17.00% PGIY-2-O2 5.00% PP-1-2V1 0.50%

Example M2

(19) TABLE-US-00010 CC-3-V 38.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 75.0 CC-3-V1 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1087 CCY-3-O1 5.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.1 CCY-3-O2 11.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.0 CPY-2-O2 4.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.9 CPY-3-O2 11.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.41 PY-3-O2 18.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 85 PGIY-3-O2 5.00%

Example M3

(20) TABLE-US-00011 CC-3-V 38.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 74.0 CC-3-V1 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1082 CCY-3-O1 5.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?2.9 CCY-3-O2 11.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.8 CPY-2-O2 4.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.3 CPY-3-O2 11.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.43 PY-3-O2 17.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 82 PGIY-2-O3 5.00% PP-1-2V1 1.50%

Example M4

(21) TABLE-US-00012 CC-3-V 38.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 74.5 CC-3-V1 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1077 CCY-3-O1 5.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?2.9 CCY-3-O2 11.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.7 CPY-2-O2 4.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.4 CPY-3-O2 11.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.44 PY-3-O2 17.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 83 PGIY-4-O3 5.00% LTS bulk [?20? C.]: >1000 h PP-1-2V1 1.50%

Example M5

(22) TABLE-US-00013 CC-3-V 38.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 74.5 CC-3-V1 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1082 CCY-3-O1 5.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.1 CCY-3-O2 11.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.9 CPY-2-O2 4.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.7 CPY-3-O2 11.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.39 PY-3-O2 18.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 85 PGIY-1-O4 5.00% LTS bulk [?20? C.]: >1000 h

Example M6

(23) TABLE-US-00014 CC-3-V 37.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 75.5 CC-3-V1 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1080 CCY-3-O1 6.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.0 CCY-3-O2 11.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.8 CPY-2-O2 4.50% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.5 CPY-3-O2 11.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.41 PY-3-O2 17.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 84 PGIY-2-O4 5.00% LTS bulk [?30? C.]: >1000 h PP-1-2V1 1.00%

Example M7

(24) TABLE-US-00015 CC-3-V 39.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 75.0 CC-3-V1 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1088 CY-3-O2 1.50% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.0 CCY-3-O2 5.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.0 CLY-3-O2 9.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.5 CPY-2-O2 6.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.41 CPY-3-O2 11.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 82 PY-3-O2 16.00% PGIY-2-O4 5.00%

Example M8

(25) TABLE-US-00016 CC-3-V 37.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 75.5 CC-3-V1 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1089 CCY-3-O1 5.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.0 CCY-3-O2 11.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.0 CPY-2-O2 4.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.9 CPY-3-O2 12.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.44 PY-3-O2 17.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 87 PGIY-3-O4 5.00% LTS bulk [?20? C.]: >1000 h PP-1-2V1 1.00%

Example M9

(26) TABLE-US-00017 CC-3-V 38.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 75.0 CCY-3-O2 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1086 CLY-3-O2 7.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.2 CPY-3-O2 12.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.5 CY-3-O2 5.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.5 PY-3-O2 20.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.33 CCVC-3-V 6.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 88 PGIY-3-O4 5.00%

Example M10

(27) TABLE-US-00018 PY-3-O2 10.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 74.0 CY-3-O2 11.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1075 CCY-3-O1 4.50% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.0 CPY-2-O2 12.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 12.5 CPY-3-O2 13.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.2 CC-3-V 39.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.31 CCVC-3-V 4.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 86 PGIY-3-O4 5.00% PPGU-3-F 0.50%

Example M11

(28) TABLE-US-00019 CCH-23 20.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 73.0 CCH-34 6.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.0970 CCH-35 5.50% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?2.4 CCP-3-1 14.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.1 CCP-3-3 5.50% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.6 CCY-3-O1 6.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.62 CCY-3-O2 11.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 88 CPY-3-O2 4.00% PY-3-O2 8.50% Y-4O-O4 8.00% PP-1-3 6.00% PGIY-3-O2 5.00%

Example M12

(29) TABLE-US-00020 CC-3-V 33.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 75.5 CC-3-2V1 5.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1059 CCY-3-O1 5.50% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.5 CCY-3-O2 11.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.9 CCY-4-O2 5.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 16.1 CPY-3-O2 11.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.27 PY-3-O2 11.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 97 PY-1-O4 3.00% CY-3-O2 7.00% PP-1-2V1 3.00% PGIY-3-O2 5.00%

Example M13

(30) TABLE-US-00021 CC-3-V 36.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 75.5 CC-3-V1 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.111 CCY-V-O2 5.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.1 CCY-V-O4 11.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.7 CPY-2-O2 7.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.8 CPY-3-O2 11.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.4 PY-3-O2 17.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 86 PGIY-3-O2 5.00%

Example M14

(31) TABLE-US-00022 CC-3-V 37.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 74.5 CC-3-V1 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1092 CCY-3-O1 6.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.1 CCY-3-O2 11.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.8 CPY-V-O2 6.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.8 CPY-V-O4 10.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.41 PY-3-O2 18.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 87 PGIY-3-O2 5.00%

Example M15

(32) TABLE-US-00023 CC-3-V 37.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 75.5 CC-3-V1 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1102 CCY-3-O1 6.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.1 CCY-3-O2 11.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.8 CPY-2-O2 4.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.9 CPY-3-O2 10.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.41 PY-3-O2 10.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 85 PY-V2-O2 9.00% PGIY-3-O2 5.00%

Example M16

(33) TABLE-US-00024 CC-3-V 36.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 75 CC-3-V1 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1061 CCY-3-O1 5.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.0 CCY-3-O2 11.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.7 CPY-2-O2 6.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.9 CPY-3-O2 11.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.4 PY-3-O2 11.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 86 CY-V-O4 6.00% PP-1-5 1.00% PGIY-3-O2 5.00%

Example M17

(34) TABLE-US-00025 CC-3-V 35.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 74.5 CC-3-V1 8.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1072 CCY-3-O1 6.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.0 CCY-3-O2 11.50% ?.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.5 CCY-4-O2 3.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.5 CPY-3-O2 8.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.9 CY-3-O2 2.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 82 PY-3-O2 12.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.42 PGIY-2-O4 4.50% PP-1-2V1 5.00% B(S)-2O-O5 4.00%

Example M18

(35) TABLE-US-00026 CC-3-V1 8.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 75.0 CCH-23 15.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1080 CCH-34 6.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.3 CCP-3-1 13.00% ?.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.5 CCP-3-3 8.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.6 CCY-3-O2 6.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.6 CY-3-O2 18.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 99 PY-3-O2 5.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.31 PYP-2-3 2.00% PGIY-2-O4 5.50% B(S)-2O-O5 10.00% PP-1-2V1 3.50%

Example M19

(36) TABLE-US-00027 CY-3-O2 11.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 74.0 CY-3-O4 4.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1084 CCY-3-O2 6.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.3 CCY-4-O2 6.00% ?.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.9 CCH-34 10.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.8 CCH-35 5.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.4 CCP-3-1 16.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 115 CCP-3-3 12.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.20 PYP-2-3 7.00% PP-1-3 5.00% PGIY-2-O4 5.00% Y-4O-O4 9.00% B-2O-O5 4.00%

Example M20

(37) TABLE-US-00028 CC-3-V 35.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 74.5 CC-3-V1 8.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1071 CCY-3-O1 7.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.1 CCY-3-O2 11.50% ?.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.5 CCY-4-O2 4.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.3 CPY-3-O2 7.50% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.8 PY-3-O2 13.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 84 PGIY-2-O4 4.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.40 PP-1-2V1 5.00% B-2O-O5 4.00%

Example M21

(38) TABLE-US-00029 CC-3-V 41.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 80.5 CY-3-O2 3.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1070 CCY-3-O1 4.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.8 CCY-3-O2 11.00% ?.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.7 CCY-4-O2 6.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.1 CPY-2-O2 6.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.4 CPY-3-O2 10.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 99 PGIY-2-O4 5.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.11 PY-3-O2 9.00% B-2O-O5 5.00%

Example M22

(39) TABLE-US-00030 CY-3-O2 15.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 86.5 CCY-3-O1 8.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1026 CCY-3-O2 11.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?4.9 CCY-4-O2 11.00% ?.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.9 CPY-2-O2 4.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.4 CPY-3-O2 10.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 16.7 CC-3-V 31.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 136 B-2O-O5 4.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 1.95 B-3-O2 2.00% PGIY-2-O4 3.00%

Example M23

(40) TABLE-US-00031 CC-3-V 38.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 75.0 CC-3-V1 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1082 CCY-3-O1 3.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?2.9 CCY-3-O2 10.50% ?.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.5 PY-3-O2 5.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.8 B-2O-O5 4.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.3 PGIY-2-O4 5.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 76 PP-1-2V1 5.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.42 PY-V2-O2 5.00% CPY-V-O2 6.00% CPY-V-O4 5.00% CCY-V-O2 6.00%

Example M24

(41) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.7% of the mixture according to Example M1 is mixed with 0.3% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(42) ##STR00415##

Example M25

(43) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M1 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(44) ##STR00416##

Example M26

(45) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.8% of the mixture according to Example M1 is mixed with 0.2% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(46) ##STR00417##

Example M27

(47) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M5 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(48) ##STR00418##

Example M28

(49) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M11 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(50) ##STR00419##

Example M29

(51) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M17 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(52) ##STR00420##

Example M30

(53) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.8% of the mixture according to Example M18 is mixed with 0.2% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(54) ##STR00421##

Example M31

(55) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.8% of the mixture according to Example M19 is mixed with 0.2% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(56) ##STR00422##

Example M32

(57) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M20 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(58) ##STR00423##

Example M33

(59) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.7% of the mixture according to Example M21 is mixed with 0.3% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(60) ##STR00424##

Example M34

(61) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.7% of the mixture according to Example M2 is mixed with 0.3% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(62) ##STR00425##

Example M35

(63) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M2 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(64) ##STR00426##

Example M36

(65) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.7% of the mixture according to Example M2 is mixed with 0.3% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(66) ##STR00427##

Example M37

(67) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, the mixture according to Example M2 are mixed with the polymerizable compound RM-1 of the formula

(68) ##STR00428##

(69) TABLE-US-00032 UV time/min Tilt/? 0 88.9 1 86.2 2 80.5 3 77.4 5 75.1 10 72.9

(70) TABLE-US-00033 UV time/min RM-1 conc./wt. % 0 0.30 1 0.21 3 0.11 5 0.06 10 0.03 15 0.02 20 0.01

(71) Compared with the prior art, the mixtures according to the invention exhibit significantly higher polymerization rates and at the same time faster establishment of the tilt angle.

Example M38

(72) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M2 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(73) ##STR00429##

Example M39

(74) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, the mixture according to Example M2 are mixed with the polymerizable compound RM-88 of the formula

(75) ##STR00430##

(76) TABLE-US-00034 UV time/min Tilt/? 0 88.9 1 83.0 2 79.4 3 78.1 5 75.7 10 73.9

(77) TABLE-US-00035 UV time/min RM-88 conc./wt. % 0 0.30 1 0.22 3 0.13 5 0.10 10 0.04 15 0.03 20 0.04

(78) Compared with the prior art, the mixtures according to the invention exhibit significantly higher polymerization rates and at the same time faster establishment of the tilt angle.

Example M40

(79) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M3 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(80) ##STR00431##

Example M41

(81) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.8% of the mixture according to Example M3 is mixed with 0.2% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(82) ##STR00432##

Example M42

(83) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.7% of the mixture according to Example M3 is mixed with 0.3% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(84) ##STR00433##

Example M43

(85) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.7% of the mixture according to Example M3 is mixed with 0.3% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(86) ##STR00434##

Example M44

(87) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.7% of the mixture according to Example M3 is mixed with 0.3% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(88) ##STR00435##

Example M45

(89) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.7% of the mixture according to Example M3 is mixed with 0.3% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(90) ##STR00436##

Example M46

(91) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.7% of the mixture according to Example M4 is mixed with 0.3% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(92) ##STR00437##

Example M47

(93) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M4 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(94) ##STR00438##

Example M48

(95) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M4 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(96) ##STR00439##

Example M49

(97) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.7% of the mixture according to Example M4 is mixed with 0.3% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(98) ##STR00440##

Example M50

(99) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M5 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(100) ##STR00441##

Example M51

(101) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, the mixture according to Example M6 are mixed with the polymerizable compound RM-1 of the formula

(102) ##STR00442##

(103) TABLE-US-00036 UV time/min Tilt/? 0 88.9 1 86.5 2 80.4 3 77.5 5 75.3 10 73.7

(104) TABLE-US-00037 UV time/min RM-1 conc./wt. % 0 0.30 1 0.20 3 0.13 5 0.09 10 0.05 15 0.02 20 0.01

(105) Compared with the prior art, the mixtures according to the invention exhibit significantly higher polymerization rates and at the same time faster establishment of the tilt angle.

Example M52

(106) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.7% of the mixture according to Example M6 is mixed with 0.3% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(107) ##STR00443##

Example M53

(108) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M8 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(109) ##STR00444##

Example M54

(110) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.8% of the mixture according to Example M8 is mixed with 0.2% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(111) ##STR00445##

Example M55

(112) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M9 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(113) ##STR00446##

Example M56

(114) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M10 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(115) ##STR00447##

Example M57

(116) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M12 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(117) ##STR00448##

Example M58

(118) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M12 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(119) ##STR00449##

Example M59

(120) TABLE-US-00038 BCH-32 15.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 109.4 BCH-52 14.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1502 CCY-3-O1 5.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?4.2 CCY-3-O2 8.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 19.5 CCY-3-O3 8.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 17.3 CCY-4-O2 8.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.14 CCY-5-O2 1.50% LTS bulk [?20? C.]: >1000 h CY-3-O4 13.50% PGIY-2-O4 8.00% PY-3-O2 8.00% PY-4-O2 5.50% PYP-2-3 3.00% PYP-2-4 2.00%

Example M60

(121) TABLE-US-00039 BCH-32 12.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 108.6 BCH-52 13.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1498 CCY-3-O1 5.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?4.2 CCY-3-O2 8.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 18.3 CCY-4-O2 8.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 17.0 CCY-5-O2 6.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.13 CY-3-O4 25.00% PGIY-2-O4 10.00% PYP-2-3 8.00% PYP-2-4 5.00%

Example M61

(122) TABLE-US-00040 CC-3-V 35.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 86.1 CCY-3-O1 5.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1124 CCY-3-O3 8.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.9 CCY-4-O2 3.50% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.1 CPY-2-O2 8.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.9 CPY-3-O2 10.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 120 CLY-3-O2 10.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.11 PY-3-O2 10.00% Y-4O-O4 3.00% PGIY-2-O4 7.00%

Example M62

(123) TABLE-US-00041 BCH-32 5.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 80.4 CC-3-V 32.50% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1120 CCY-3-O1 5.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.9 CCY-3-O2 8.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.0 CCY-4-O2 2.50% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.0 CLY-3-O2 8.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.05 CPY-2-O2 7.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 108 CPY-3-O2 10.00% PGIY-2-O4 7.00% PY-3-O2 7.00% Y-4O-O4 8.00%

Example M63

(124) TABLE-US-00042 B-2O-O5 5.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 80.1 BCH-32 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1121 CC-3-V 34.50% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.9 CCP-V-1 2.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.0 CCY-3-O1 5.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.5 CCY-3-O2 4.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.03 CCY-4-O2 2.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 104 CLY-3-O2 8.00% CPY-2-O2 10.00% CPY-3-O2 7.00% PGIY-2-O4 6.00% PY-3-O2 2.00% Y-4O-O4 7.50%

Example M64

(125) TABLE-US-00043 B-2O-O5 5.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 80 CC-3-V 37.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.9 CCP-V-1 4.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 106 CCY-3-O1 5.00% CCY-3-O2 6.00% CCY-4-O2 5.00% CLY-3-O2 8.00% CPY-2-O2 9.50% PGIY-2-O4 6.00% PY-3-O2 14.00%

Example M65

(126) TABLE-US-00044 BCH-32 5.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 75 CC-3-V 32.50% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1283 CCP-V-1 7.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?2.3 CCY-3-O2 9.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.9 CPY-3-O2 12.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.8 PY-3-O2 15.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.76 PY-4-O2 1.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 86 PYP-2-3 5.00% LTS bulk [?30? C.]: >1000 h PP-1-2V1 8.00% PGIY-2-O4 5.00%

Example M66

(127) TABLE-US-00045 CC-3-V 35.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 80.7 CCY-3-O1 5.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1100 CCY-3-O2 5.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.9 CCY-4-O2 5.00% ?.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.8 CLY-3-O2 8.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 7.7 CPY-2-O2 10.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.0 CPY-3-O2 10.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.2 PGIY-2-O4 7.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.03 PY-3-O2 10.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 114 Y-4O-O4 5.00%

Example M67

(128) TABLE-US-00046 CC-3-V 37.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 80.2 CCY-3-O1 5.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1097 CCY-3-O2 3.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.9 CCY-4-O2 7.00% ?.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.7 CLY-3-O2 8.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 7.6 CPY-2-O2 10.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.5 CPY-3-O2 8.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.5 PY-1-O4 3.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.05 PY-3-O2 12.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 110 PGIY-2-O4 2.00% B-2O-O5 4.00%

Example M68

(129) TABLE-US-00047 BCH-32 0.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 80.4 CC-3-V 37.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1195 CCY-3-O1 5.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.9 CCY-3-O2 3.50% ?.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.8 CLY-3-O2 8.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 7.7 CPY-2-O2 10.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.5 CPY-3-O2 10.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.5 PY-3-O2 14.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.04 PGIY-2-O4 8.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 114 B-2O-O5 4.00%

Example M69

(130) TABLE-US-00048 CC-3-V 35.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 86.0 CCY-3-O1 5.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1208 CCY-3-O2 7.50% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?4.2 CLY-3-O2 8.00% ?.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.8 CPY-2-O2 10.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 8.0 CPY-3-O2 10.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.3 PY-3-O2 12.50% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.6 PGIY-2-O4 8.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.04 B-2O-O5 4.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 129

Example M70

(131) TABLE-US-00049 BCH-32 8.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 80.6 CC-3-V 28.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1194 CCY-3-O1 5.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.9 CCY-3-O2 6.00% ?.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 4.0 CLY-3-O2 8.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 7.9 CPY-2-O2 10.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.0 CPY-3-O2 10.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.0 PGIY-2-O4 8.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.00 PY-3-O2 9.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 120 Y-4O-O4 8.00%

Example M71

(132) TABLE-US-00050 CY-3-O4 20.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 71.6 CCY-3-O1 6.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1196 CCY-3-O3 8.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?7.2 CCY-4-O2 8.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 5.0 CCY-5-O2 3.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 12.2 CPY-2-O2 10.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 11.8 CCY-2-1 9.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 12.4 PYP-2-4 3.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 1.38 CLY-3-O2 8.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 245 PY-1-O4 8.00% Y-4O-O4 8.00% PGIY-2-O4 8.00%

Example M72

(133) TABLE-US-00051 CY-3-O2 15.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 86.6 CY-3-O4 6.50% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1205 CY-5-O2 10.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?8.0 CCY-3-O1 4.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 4.8 CCY-3-O2 6.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 12.8 CCY-3-O3 6.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.4 CCY-4-O2 6.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 16.6 CCY-5-O2 6.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 1.51 CCY-3-1 2.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 311 CPY-2-O2 8.00% CPY-3-O2 10.00% CLY-3-O2 7.00% Y-4O-O4 6.00% PGIY-2-O4 7.00%

Example M73

(134) TABLE-US-00052 CY-3-O2 9.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 69.7 CPY-2-O2 8.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1277 CPY-3-O2 10.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?1.6 PYP-2-3 10.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.3 PGIY-2-O4 6.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 4.9 CC-3-V 15.50% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 12.8 CC-4-V 17.50% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 11.8 BCH-32 12.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.81 PP-1-4 12.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 76

Example M74

(135) TABLE-US-00053 CY-3-O2 10.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 70.7 CPY-2-O2 8.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1278 CPY-3-O2 8.50% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?1.7 PYP-2-3 10.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.2 PGIY-2-O4 6.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 4.9 CCH-23 20.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.7 CCH-34 6.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 12.0 CCH-35 2.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.81 BCH-32 15.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 90 PP-1-4 11.00% PCH-53 3.00%

Example M75

(136) TABLE-US-00054 CC-3-V 28.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 74.8 CC-3-V1 9.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1095 CCY-3-O1 7.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.8 CCY-3-O2 10.50% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.7 CPY-2-O2 8.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 7.5 CPY-3-O2 10.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.1 PY-3-O2 16.50% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.8 CY-3-O2 7.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.15 PGIY-2-O4 3.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 104

Example M76

(137) TABLE-US-00055 CC-3-V 32.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 75.0 CC-3-V1 5.50% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1093 CCY-3-O1 8.50% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.8 CCY-3-O2 6.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.7 CLY-3-O2 10.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 7.5 CPY-3-O2 6.50% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.1 PY-3-O2 15.50% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.7 CY-3-O2 7.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.15 PGIY-2-O4 8.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 99

Example M77

(138) TABLE-US-00056 CCY-3-O1 7.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 80.5 CLY-3-O2 10.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1149 CPY-2-O2 10.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?4.0 CPY-3-O2 11.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.7 PGIY-2-O4 5.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 7.7 PYP-2-3 2.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.4 CC-3-V 31.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.8 CY-3-O2 11.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.10 PY-1-O4 4.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 116 PY-3-O2 5.00% CC-3-V1 3.50%

Example M78

(139) TABLE-US-00057 CC-3-V 37.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 75.0 CC-3-V1 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1090 CCY-3-O2 5.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.2 CLY-3-O2 10.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.5 CPY-2-O2 10.50% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 6.7 CPY-3-O2 10.50% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.8 PY-1-O4 10.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.7 PY-3-O2 9.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.34 PGIY-2-O4 1.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 87

Example M79

(140) TABLE-US-00058 CC-3-V 43.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 74.9 CC-3-V1 10.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1093 CLY-3-O2 10.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?2.1 CPY-2-O2 2.50% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.2 CPY-3-O2 10.50% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 5.3 PY-1-O4 1.50% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.9 PY-3-O2 9.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.3 PYP-2-3 8.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.87 PGIY-2-O4 5.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 71

Example M80

(141) TABLE-US-00059 CC-3-V 28.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 65.1 CC-3-V1 10.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1091 CCY-3-O1 5.50% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.6 CCY-3-O2 8.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.7 CLY-3-O2 10.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 7.3 CPY-3-O2 3.50% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.4 CY-3-O2 2.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.3 PY-3-O2 20.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.11 PY-4-O2 7.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 86 PYP-2-3 3.00% PGIY-2-O4 2.00%

Example M81

(142) TABLE-US-00060 CY-3-O2 10.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 70.7 CPY-2-O2 8.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1278 CPY-3-O2 8.50% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?1.7 PYP-2-3 10.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.2 PGIY-2-O4 6.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 4.9 CCH-23 20.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.7 CCH-34 6.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 12.0 CCH-35 2.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.81 BCH-32 15.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 90 PP-1-4 11.00% PCH-53 3.00%

Example M82

(143) TABLE-US-00061 CCY-3-O1 3.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 80 CLY-3-O2 10.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1152 CPY-2-O2 10.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.5 CPY-3-O2 11.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.6 PGIY-2-O4 4.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 7.2 PYP-2-3 9.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.6 CC-3-V 35.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.5 CY-3-O2 14.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.19 CY-5-O2 3.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 108

Example M83

(144) TABLE-US-00062 CC-3-V 31.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 80.0 CCY-3-O1 6.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1151 CLY-3-O2 10.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.9 CPY-2-O2 9.50% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.7 CPY-3-O2 10.50% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 7.6 CY-3-O2 14.50% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.9 CY-3-O4 1.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.4 CY-5-O2 5.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.08 PYP-2-3 8.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 118 PGIY-2-O4 4.00%

Example M84

(145) TABLE-US-00063 CCY-3-O1 7.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 80.0 CLY-3-O2 10.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1150 CPY-2-O2 10.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?4.0 CPY-3-O2 10.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.7 PGIY-2-O4 2.50% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 7.7 CC-3-V 35.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.9 PY-1-O4 9.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.7 PY-3-O2 8.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.09 PY-4-O2 3.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 114 CCY-3-O2 5.00%

Example M85

(146) TABLE-US-00064 CBC-33 3.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 108.5 CBC-33F 3.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.2051 CCY-3-O1 9.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?5.0 CPY-2-O2 12.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 4.2 CPY-3-O2 12.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 9.2 PGIGI-3-F 8.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 17.1 PGIY-2-O4 5.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 21.1 PY-3-O2 20.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.17 PYP-2-3 14.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 478 PYP-2-4 14.00%

Example M86

(147) TABLE-US-00065 CCY-3-O1 9.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 97.6 CCY-3-O2 11.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1596 CCY-5-O2 10.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?7.3 CPY-2-O2 12.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 4.5 CPY-3-O2 12.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 11.8 CY-3-O2 12.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 17.6 PGIGI-3-F 5.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 21.2 PGIY-2-O4 5.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 1.78 PY-3-O2 20.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 435 PYP-2-3 4.00%

Example M87

(148) TABLE-US-00066 B-2O-O5 5.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 80.0 CC-3-V 37.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1094 CCP-V-1 4.50% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.7 CCY-3-O1 5.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.7 CCY-3-O2 6.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 7.4 CCY-4-O2 5.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.9 CLY-3-O2 8.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.4 CPY-2-O2 9.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.09 PGIY-2-O4 6.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 106 PY-3-O2 14.00%

Example M88

(149) TABLE-US-00067 CC-3-V 34.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 74.6 CC-3-V1 10.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1089 CCY-3-O1 8.50% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.2 CCY-3-O2 3.50% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.6 CLY-3-O2 10.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 6.8 CPY-3-O2 6.50% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.0 PY-1-O4 9.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.7 PY-3-O2 10.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.33 PGIY-2-O4 8.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 89

Example M89

(150) TABLE-US-00068 CC-3-V 32.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 75.1 CC-3-V1 4.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1087 CCY-3-O1 9.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.8 CCY-3-O2 8.50% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.7 CLY-3-O2 10.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 7.5 CPY-3-O2 4.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 100 PY-3-O2 16.00% CY-3-O2 7.50% PGIY-2-O4 5.00% PYP-2-3 3.00%

Example M90

(151) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.7% of the mixture according to Example M61 is mixed with 0.3% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(152) ##STR00450##

Example M91

(153) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M64 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(154) ##STR00451##

Example M92

(155) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.8% of the mixture according to Example M68 is mixed with 0.2% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(156) ##STR00452##

Example M93

(157) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M69 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(158) ##STR00453##

Example M94

(159) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M70 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(160) ##STR00454##

Example M95

(161) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M72 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(162) ##STR00455##

Example M96

(163) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M72 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(164) ##STR00456##

Example M97

(165) TABLE-US-00069 CC-3-V 27.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 78.5 CC-3-V1 8.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1025 CCY-3-O1 10.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.8 CCY-3-O2 6.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.7 CCY-4-O2 7.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 7.5 CPY-2-O2 9.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.5 CPY-3-O2 6.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.8 CY-3-O4 13.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.09 PGIY-2-O4 5.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 112 PY-1-O4 4.00% PY-4-O2 4.50%

Example M98

(166) TABLE-US-00070 CC-3-V 38.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 80 CCOY-2-O2 6.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1035 CCOY-3-O2 10.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?4.4 CLY-3-O2 7.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.7 CLY-3-O3 2.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 8.1 CPY-2-O2 7.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.2 CPY-3-O2 10.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 16.4 COY-3-O2 5.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.05 CY-3-O2 2.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 109 PY-3-O2 11.00% LTS bulk [?25? C.]: >1000 h PGIY-2-O4 2.00%

Example M99

(167) TABLE-US-00071 CC-3-V 42.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 80 PY-3-O2 9.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1080 CCOY-2-O2 5.50% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?3.8 CCOY-3-O2 10.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.7 CCP-3-1 4.50% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 7.4 CPY-2-O2 8.50% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.4 CPY-3-O2 10.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.7 PGIY-2-O4 5.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.16 B-2O-O5 5.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 99

Example M100

(168) TABLE-US-00072 CC-3-V 42.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 80 CCOY-2-O2 6.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1036 CCOY-3-O2 10.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?4.5 CLY-3-O2 6.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.8 CPY-2-O2 8.50% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 8.3 CPY-3-O2 10.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 14.4 COY-3-O2 5.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 16.1 PY-3-O2 7.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.00 PGIY-2-O4 2.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 106 B-2O-O5 4.00%

Example M101

(169) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M97 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(170) ##STR00457##

Example M102

(171) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M98 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(172) ##STR00458##

Example M103

(173) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M99 is mixed with 0.25% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(174) ##STR00459##

Example M104

(175) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.7% of the mixture according to Example M99 is mixed with 0.3% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(176) ##STR00460##

Example M105

(177) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.7% of the mixture according to Example M100 is mixed with 0.3% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(178) ##STR00461##

Example M106

(179) TABLE-US-00073 CCY-3-O1 6.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 86.5 CCY-3-O2 8.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1020 CCY-4-O2 8.50% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?4.6 CCY-5-O2 7.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.7 CLY-3-O2 10.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 8.3 PGIY-2-O4 1.50% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 16.5 B-2O-O5 5.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 17.9 CC-3-V 26.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.08 CC-3-V1 8.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 134 CY-5-O2 6.50% PY-3-O2 12.50%

Example M107

(180) TABLE-US-00074 CCY-3-1 6.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 93.5 CCY-3-O1 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1077 CCY-3-O2 8.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?4.8 CCY-4-O2 8.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.7 CCY-5-O2 7.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 8.5 CLY-3-O2 10.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 17.8 PGIY-2-O4 2.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 19.4 B-2O-O5 5.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.12 CC-3-V 22.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 161 CC-3-V1 8.00% CY-5-O2 1.50% PY-3-O2 14.50%

Example M108

(181) TABLE-US-00075 CCY-3-O1 7.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 96.5 CCY-3-O2 8.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1018 CCY-4-O2 8.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?4.9 CCY-5-O2 6.50% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.7 CLY-3-O2 10.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 8.6 CPY-3-O2 4.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 17.5 PGIY-2-O4 4.50% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 19.2 B-2O-O5 5.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.07 CC-3-V 23.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 171 CC-3-V1 8.00% CY-3-O2 1.50% CY-5-O2 14.50%

Example M109

(182) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M108 is mixed with 0.3% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(183) ##STR00462##

Example M110

(184) TABLE-US-00076 CCY-3-O1 6.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 75 CCY-3-O2 8.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1043 CCY-4-O2 8.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?5.0 CCY-5-O2 2.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 4.0 CLY-3-O2 10.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 9.0 PGIY-2-O4 5.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 13.7 B-2O-O5 5.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 15.2 CC-3-V 31.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 1.84 CY-3-O2 11.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 118 PY-3-O2 12.50%

Example M111

(185) TABLE-US-00077 CC-3-V 19.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 104.7 CC-3-V1 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1102 CCP-3-1 6.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?4.7 CCY-3-O1 5.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.6 CCY-3-O2 6.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 8.3 CCY-4-O2 3.50% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 17.7 CCY-5-O2 3.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 19.6 CLY-2-O4 2.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.15 CLY-3-O2 7.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 196 CLY-3-O3 7.00% CPY-3-O2 11.50% CY-3-O2 10.00% CY-5-O2 3.00% PGIY-2-O4 4.00% B-2O-O5 5.00%

Example M112

(186) TABLE-US-00078 CC-3-V 7.00% Clearing point [? C.]: 105.1 CC-3-V1 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1105 CCP-3-1 15.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?5.0 CCP-V2-1 9.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.9 CCY-3-O1 5.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 8.9 CCY-3-O2 8.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 18.7 CCY-5-O2 5.00% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 20.3 CLY-3-O2 8.00% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.14 CLY-3-O3 7.00% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 200 CPY-3-O2 5.00% CY-3-O2 5.00% PGIY-2-O4 3.00% B-2O-O5 7.00% Y-4O-O4 9.00%

Example M113

(187) TABLE-US-00079 CC-3-V 17.50% Clearing point [? C.]: 110 CC-3-V1 7.00% ?n [589 nm, 20? C.]: 0.1103 CCP-3-1 11.00% ?? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: ?4.5 CCY-3-O1 5.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 3.5 CCY-3-O2 8.00% ?.sub.? [1 kHz, 20? C.]: 8.0 CCY-4-O2 3.00% K.sub.1 [pN, 20? C.]: 18.8 CLY-2-O4 4.50% K.sub.3 [pN, 20? C.]: 20.9 CLY-3-O2 7.50% V.sub.0 [20? C., V]: 2.28 CLY-3-O3 6.50% ?.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s, 20? C.]: 206 CPY-3-O2 11.00% CY-3-O2 11.00% PGIY-2-O4 3.00% B-2O-O5 5.00%

Example M114

(188) For the preparation of a PS-VA mixture, 99.75% of the mixture according to Example M113 is mixed with 0.3% of the polymerizable compound of the formula

(189) ##STR00463##

(190) Without further elaboration, it is believed that one skilled in the art can, using the preceding description, utilize the present invention to its fullest extent. The preceding preferred specific embodiments are, therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure in any way whatsoever.

(191) The preceding examples can be repeated with similar success by substituting the generically or specifically described reactants and/or operating conditions of this invention for those used in the preceding examples.

(192) From the foregoing description, one skilled in the art can easily ascertain the essential characteristics of this invention and, without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, can make various changes and modifications of the invention to adapt it to various usages and conditions.

(193) The entire disclosures of all applications, patents and publications, cited herein and of corresponding German Application 102014008624.0, filed Jun. 17, 2014, and DE Application 102014012565, filed Aug. 29, 2014, are incorporated by reference herein.