Surge protection element

Abstract

The invention specifies a surge protection element (100) comprising a first electrode (1), a second electrode (2) and a gas discharge chamber (10). The gas discharge chamber (10) is arranged between the first electrode (1) and the second electrode (2), wherein the surge protection element (100) comprises an intermediate electrode structure (3), which is arranged in the gas discharge chamber (10) and is electrically isolated from the first electrode and the second electrode (1, 2).

Claims

1. The surge protection element, comprising: a first electrode: a second electrode: a gas discharge chamber arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode: and an intermediate electrode structure arranged in the gas discharge chamber, the intermediate electrode structure being electrically isolated from the first electrode and the second electrode: a radial surface of at least one of the first and second electrode: an insulating structure having at least one radial contact surface, the radial contact surface cooperating with the radial surface: and a first and a second insulating element each of the insulating elements having a contact stage with a radial contact surface and an axial contact surface, the insulating structure being provided with the first and second insulating elements, wherein the second insulating element is configured in an axially offset arrangement in relation to the first electrode.

2. A surge protection element comprising: a first electrode: a second electrode: a gas discharge chamber arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode: and an intermediate electrode structure arranged in the gas discharge chamber, the intermediate electrode structure being electrically isolated from the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the intermediate electrode structure effects an increase in the arc ignition voltage, as a result of an overvoltage applied to the surge protection element.

3. The surge protection element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first insulating element is configured in a ring-like arrangement and is provided with a recess, the first electrode projecting into the recess.

4. A surge protection element comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode; a gas discharge chamber arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode; an intermediate electrode structure arranged in the gas discharge chamber, the intermediate electrode structure being electrically isolated from the first electrode and the second electrode; an inner electrode element of the intermediate electrode structure, the inner electrode element being configured in an annular arrangement; and an outer electrode element of the intermediate electrode structure, the outer electrode element being configured in a further annular arrangement, and electrically isolated from the inner electrode element, and axially shifted with respect to the inner electrode element, the further annular arrangement of the outer electrode element being axially offset in relation to the inner electrode element.

5. The surge protection element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the intermediate electrode structure circumferentially encloses the first electrode with a constant clearance.

6. The surge protection element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the intermediate electrode structure subdivides the gas discharge chamber into a plurality of gas-permeably interconnected compartments.

7. The surge protection element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first electrode, the intermediate electrode structure and the second electrode are configured in a mutually equidistant arrangement.

8. The surge protection element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are configured in a mutually offset axial arrangement.

9. The surge protection element according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: a plurality of further electrode elements, the further electrode elements being mutually electrically-isolated when considered in an overhead view of the surge protection element; and the intermediate electrode structure being provided with the plurality of further electrode elements.

10. The surge protection element according to claim 9, further comprising: inner and outer electrode elements, the inner and the outer electrode elements being respectively configured in an annular arrangement, and the intermediate electrode structure being provided with the inner and outer electrode elements.

11. The surge protection element according to claim 10, wherein the outer electrode element is axially shifted with respect to the inner electrode element.

12. The surge protection element according to claim 1, wherein the contact stage of the first insulating element cooperates with an inner electrode element and the contact stage of the second insulating element cooperates with an outer electrode element.

Description

(1) Further advantages, advantageous embodiments and appropriate features of the invention proceed from the following description of exemplary embodiments, in conjunction with the figures.

(2) FIG. 1 shows at least a partial cross section of a surge protection element according to an exemplary embodiment.

(3) FIG. 2 shows a schematic overhead view of at least part of a surge protection element.

(4) In the figures, equivalent, similar and identically-acting elements are identified by the same reference numbers. The mutual outlines and proportions of the elements represented in the figures are not shown to scale. In practice, in the interests of clarity and/or improved understanding, individual elements may be represented over-scale.

(5) FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a surge protection element 100 in an exemplary embodiment. The surge protection element 100 is provided with a housing 20. The housing 20 is preferably electrically insulating.

(6) The surge protection element 100 is preferably intended for the protection, for example, of an electronic component (not explicitly represented) against overvoltages, and is designed accordingly.

(7) The surge protection element 100 is provided with a first electrode 1. The first electrode 1 is preferably a central electrode or middle electrode. The surge protection element 100 also has a main axis X, in which the first electrode 1 is centrally arranged. The surge protection element 100 is also provided with a second electrode 2. The first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 are preferably main electrodes of the surge protection element 100. The second electrode 2, considered in an overhead view of the surge protection element 100 (c.f. FIG. 2) is arranged concentrically to the first electrode 1, or circumferentially to the first electrode 1 (c.f. FIG. 2). Appropriately, the second electrode 2 is also electrically isolated from the first electrode 1. Moreover, the second electrode 2 is preferably configured in an annular arrangement.

(8) For the electrical connection of the first and second electrodes 1, 2, the surge protection element may be provided with electrical terminal contacts, for example on an upper side and underside of the surge protection element 100, although these are not explicitly represented in FIG. 1.

(9) The surge protection element 100 is also provided with a gas discharge chamber 10. The gas discharge chamber 10 is arranged between the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2. The gas discharge chamber 10 is preferably formed or defined by an axial overlap between the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2. The first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 are configured in a mutually offset axial arrangement.

(10) The intermediate electrode structure 3 is preferably provided with an axial area, in which the latter overlaps with the first electrode 1, but not with the second electrode 2. Moreover, the intermediate electrode structure 3 is preferably provided with an axial area, in which the intermediate electrode structure 3 overlaps with the second electrode 2, but not with the first electrode 1.

(11) The surge protection element 100 is also provided with an intermediate electrode structure 3. The intermediate electrode structure 3 is arranged in the gas discharge chamber 10. The intermediate electrode structure 3 is arranged circumferentially around the first electrode 1, preferably with a constant clearance. The intermediate electrode structure 3 comprises an inner electrode element 4. The intermediate electrode structure 3 also comprises an outer electrode element 5. Alternatively, the intermediate electrode structure 3 can be provided with further, for example concentrically-arranged and mutually electrically isolated electrode elements. The inner electrode element 4 and the outer electrode element 5, considered in an overhead view of the surge protection element 100, are preferably concentrically arranged circumferentially around the first electrode 1 and/or the second electrode 2 or, for example, around the first electrode 1. The inner electrode element 4 and the outer electrode element 5 are also preferably configured in an annular arrangement, and are appropriately provided with mutual electrical isolation.

(12) The inner electrode element 4 and the outer electrode element 5 are also configured in a mutually axial offset arrangement, but with a mutual axial overlap. The first electrode 1, the inner electrode element 4, the outer electrode element 5 and the second electrode 2 are preferably configured, in this sequence, in a mutually offset sequential axial arrangement (from top to bottom in FIG. 1).

(13) The surge protection element 100 is also provided with an insulating structure 6. The insulating structure 6 is concentrically or coaxially arranged to the first electrode 1. The insulating structure 6 is provided with a first insulating element 7. The first insulating element 7 is configured in a ring-like arrangement. The first insulating element 7 is provided with a recess 17, into which the first electrode 1 projects. The insulating structure 6 is also provided with a second insulating element 8. The second insulating element 8 is offset in relation to the first electrode 1, such that there is no axial overlap between the above-mentioned components.

(14) Overall, the inner electrode element 4 and the outer electrode element 5 of the intermediate electrode structure 3 and the second electrode 2 are arranged concentrically to the first electrode 1, and with an axial offset in relation to the latter. By the arrangement of the intermediate electrode structure 3, the gas discharge chamber 10 is subdivided into a plurality of gas-permeably interconnected compartments 10A, 10B and 10C, which are arranged for the reciprocal action of gas.

(15) The first insulating element 7 is provided with a radial contact surface 14, which borders the first insulating element 7, or the annular element thereof, on one inner side. By means of the radial contact surface 14, the first insulating element 7 cooperates with a radial outer surface (not explicitly represented) of the first electrode 1.

(16) The second insulating element 8 is provided with a radial contact surface 13, which borders the second insulating element 8 on one outer side. By means of the radial contact surface 13, the second insulating element 8 cooperates with a radial inner surface (not explicitly represented) of the second electrode 2.

(17) The first insulating element 7 is also provided with an inner contact stage 15. The contact stage 15 is provided with a radial contact surface 11 and, for the formation of the stage, an axial contact surface which is not explicitly represented. The second insulating element 8 is comparably provided with an outer contact stage 16. The contact stage 16 is provided with a radial contact surface 12 and also, for the formation of the stage, an axial contact surface (not explicitly represented).

(18) Preferably, the insulating structure 6, specifically the first insulating element 7 and the second insulating element 8by means of the above-mentioned contact surfaces and contact stagesdefines the clearances between the first electrode 1, the second electrode 2 and the intermediate electrode structure 3, for the purposes of the electrical isolation of the above-mentioned components.

(19) By means of the contact surfaces 11, 14 and/or the contact stages 15, the first insulating element 7 preferably defines the axial offset between the inner and outer electrode elements 4, 5, and the radial clearance between the inner electrode element 4 and the first electrode 1. By means of the contact surfaces 12, 13 and/or the contact stages 16, the second insulating element 8 also defines the axial offset between the inner and outer electrode elements 4, 5, and the radial clearance between the outer electrode element 5 and the second electrode 2.

(20) For example, by means of the arrangement of the first insulating element 7 and the second insulating element 8, the insulating structure 6 also defines the radial clearance (marked A in FIG. 1) between the inner electrode element 4 and the outer electrode element 5.

(21) In a composition of the surge protection element, for example, the inner electrode element 4 may be inserted in the first insulating element 7 and/or clamped to the latter, or vice versa, such that the radial clearance, for example for the purposes of electrical isolation, between the inner electrode element 4 and the first electrode 1 is defined. Moreover, the second insulating element 8 is preferably inserted in the annular second electrode 2, and the outer electrode element 5 is arranged or fitted around the contact stage 16 of the second insulating element 8 such that, for example, for the purposes of the corresponding electrical isolation, the radial clearance between the outer electrode element 5, the inner electrode element 4 and the second electrode 2 is defined or determined.

(22) For the definition of the above-mentioned clearances, the insulating structure 6 is preferably in contact with the first electrode 1, the intermediate electrode structure 3 and the second electrode 2, but is not securely mechanically connected to the above-mentioned components.

(23) The first electrode 1, the inner electrode element 4, the outer electrode element 5 and the second electrode 2 are preferably spaced or arranged radially (and thus horizontally in FIG. 1) in a mutually equidistant concentric arrangement. The above-mentioned equidistant clearances may lie within the range of 0.5 mm to 0.8 mm respectively.

(24) Alternatively, for example, the clearance between the first electrode 1 and the inner electrode element 4, the clearance between the inner electrode element 4 and the outer electrode element 5 and/or the clearance between the outer electrode element 5 and the second electrode 2 may deviate from each other.

(25) Preferably, the surge protection element 100 and/or the specified components thereof are at least substantially configured in a rotationally symmetrical arrangement, for example to the main axis.

(26) FIG. 2 shows a schematic overhead view of the surge protection element 100, representing the first electrode 1, the second electrode 2 and the intermediate electrode structure 3 respectively. A first arc L1, generated between the first electrode 1 and the intermediate electrode structure 3, is also represented. A second arc L2, generated between the intermediate electrode structure 3 and the second electrode 2, is also represented. The arcs may be generated as a consequence of an overvoltage applied, for example, between the electrodes 1, 2 to the surge protection element 100. From FIG. 2, it will be seen that the electric current flows associated with the arcs L1, L2 are generated at a relatively large angle to each otherfor example greater than 90. As a result, specifically, the electrical resistance of the entire discharge path can be increased, and the arc ignition voltage of the surge protection element 100 can be advantageously increased.

(27) In an alternative embodiment, rather than concentrically or coaxially as described above, the surge protection element 100 can be configured with a linear arrangement, for example of the first electrode, the intermediate electrode structure and the second electrode, whereby the advantages of a higher arc ignition voltage in the surge protection element can also be exploited.

(28) The invention is not limited to the description of the exemplary embodiments. Rather, the scope of the invention includes any new characteristic or combination of characteristics, specifically including any combination of the characteristics described in the patent claims, even where this characteristic or this combination is not explicitly indicated in the patent claims or the exemplary embodiments.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

(29) 1 First electrode 2 Second electrode 3 Intermediate electrode structure 4 Inner electrode element 5 Outer electrode element 6 Insulating structure 7 First insulating element 8 Second insulating element 10 Gas discharge chamber 10A, 10B, 10C Compartment 11, 12, 13, 14 Radial contact surface 15, 16 Contact stage 17 Recess 20 Housing 100 Surge protection element X Main axis