Method for electrical contact materials including Ag plated CNTs

Abstract

In some embodiments, the effect of uniformly dispersing carbon nanotubes in the material is achieved by including Ag in the carbon nanotubes to suppress the aggregation of carbon nanotubes when the electrical contacts are prepared.

Claims

1. A method for preparing electrical contact materials comprising Ag plated carbon nanotubes, the method comprising: (a) putting carbon nanotubes into a silver nitrate solution and subjecting the carbon nanotubes to ultrasonic dispersion and acid treatment; (b) washing the carbon nanotubes subjected to the ultrasonic dispersion and acid treatment in step (a); (c) binding tin and palladium to surfaces of the carbon nanotubes by subsequently mixing the washed carbon nanotubes with a mixed solution of tin chloride and hydrochloric acid and a mixed solution of palladium chloride and hydrochloric acid, and then each applying ultrasonic wave thereto; (d) putting an aqueous silver (I) nitrate solution and an aqueous ammonia solution into a container and mixing the resulting solution until the solution becomes colorless, and then mixing the carbon nanotubes prepared in step (c) with the solution; (e) preparing Ag plated carbon nanotubes by mixing an aqueous glyoxylic acid solution with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and then washing the resulting nanotubes with deionized water; and (f) preparing a powder mixture by mixing the Ag plated carbon nanotubes with an alloy where the metals are mixed.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the metals including the alloy mixed with the carbon nanotubes in step (f) have a conductivity of 14.3 MS/m or more.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the alloy comprises one or more metals selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel, and gold.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising: (g) subjecting the powder mixture to ultrasonic dispersion, and vacuum drying the powder mixture; and (h) sintering the vacuum-dried powder mixture.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (b), the carbon nanotubes are washed until being reached at pH 7.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (e), the aqueous glyoxylic acid solution and the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution are mixed until being reached at pH 9.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the aqueous glyoxylic acid solution and the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution are washed with deionized water until being reached at pH 7.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (a), the carbon nanotubes are subjected to ultrasonic dispersion for 5 minutes and to acid treatment for 2 hours.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (e), the aqueous glyoxylic acid solution and the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution are reacted with each other at 90 C. for 1 hour when the solutions are mixed.

10. The method of claim 4, wherein step (h) is performed by a spark plasma sintering method.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

(2) In the drawings:

(3) FIG. 1 is a configuration view illustrating a silver-nickel based electrical contact material in the prior art;

(4) FIG. 2 is a configuration view illustrating the state where the electrical contact material according to some embodiments of the present disclosure includes Ag plated carbon nanotubes;

(5) FIG. 3 is a SEM image illustrating carbon nanotubes included in the electrical contacts according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

(6) FIG. 4 is a SEM image illustrating Ag plated carbon nanotubes included in the electrical contacts according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

(7) FIG. 5 is a SEM image illustrating Ag plated carbon nanotubes included in the electrical contacts according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

(8) FIG. 6 is a TEM image illustrating Ag plated carbon nanotubes included in the electrical contacts according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

(9) FIG. 7 is an EDS analysis of Ag plated carbon nanotubes included in the electrical contacts according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

(10) FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating the process of preparing the electrical contact material according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; and

(11) FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating the process of preparing the Ag plated carbon nanotubes according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(12) Hereinafter, a method for preparing electrical contact materials including Ag plated carbon nanotubes according to embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(13) FIG. 2 is a configuration view illustrating the state where the electrical contact material according to some embodiments of the present disclosure includes Ag plated carbon nanotubes, FIG. 3 is a SEM image illustrating carbon nanotubes included in the electrical contacts according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, FIG. 4 is a SEM image illustrating Ag plated carbon nanotubes included in the electrical contacts according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and FIG. 5 is a SEM image illustrating Ag plated carbon nanotubes included in the electrical contacts according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

(14) Further, FIG. 6 is a TEM image illustrating Ag plated carbon nanotubes included in the electrical contacts according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, FIG. 7 is an EDS analysis of Ag plated carbon nanotubes included in the electrical contacts according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating the process of preparing the electrical contact material according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating the process of preparing the Ag plated carbon nanotubes according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

(15) As illustrated in FIG. 2, the electrical contact material prepared by the preparation method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure includes Ag plated carbon nanotubes 10.

(16) In this case, the electrical contact material is composed so as to include one or more metals selected from the group consisting of silver (Ag), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and gold (Au), and the silver (Ag), the copper (Cu), the nickel (Ni), and the gold (Au) may improve the density, electrical conductivity, hardness, thermal conductivity, elongation ratio, and electrical lifetime of an electrical contact material to be described below by using those having a conductivity of 63 MS/m, 59 MS/m, 14.3 MS/m, and 45.2 MS/m or more, respectively.

(17) Silver (Ag) has excellent electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, and low contact resistance, and thus is frequently used as a base material of electrical contact materials, and nickel (Ni) has lower electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity than those of silver (Ag), but has high mechanical strength, and thus is used as an electrical contact material along with silver (Ag).

(18) In this case, it is preferred that the metal particles have a size of 1 m to 10 m.

(19) Further, the content of silver (Ag) in a silver-nickel based alloy is not particularly limited, but is preferably 55 wt % to 65 wt %. When the content is less than 55 wt %, the silver-nickel based alloy may not be used as an electrical contact material due to the low electrical conductivity, and when the content is more than 65 wt %, the abrasion resistance and consumption resistance deteriorate and the preparation costs are greatly increased.

(20) Accordingly, the content of nickel (Ni) is preferably 35 wt % to 45 wt %. The carbon nanotube (CNT) is a new material in which carbon atoms are connected to one another through sp2 bonding to form a hexagonal honeycomb structure and have a tubular shape, and the diameter of the CNT is approximately in the range of several to several tens nanometers (nm).

(21) The CNT has excellent electrical, mechanical and thermal properties, and thus may be used as a reinforcing material of a composite material, and serves as an electrical bridge, and thus may improve electrical and mechanical properties of the electrical contact material.

(22) In spite of the advantages described above, the CNT has problems including difficulty in dispersion, and the like when bonded to metal.

(23) That is, when carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are used in an electrical contact material, there is a problem in that it is difficult to uniformly disperse carbon nanotubes in the material due to aggregate between the carbon nanotubes, and there is a problem in that the material properties are affected by the non-uniform dispersion.

(24) Therefore, some embodiments of the present disclosure allows carbon nanotubes to be uniformly dispersed in an electrical contact material by preparing the material using silver (Ag) plated carbon nanotubes.

(25) That is, as illustrated in FIG. 2, when silver (Ag) plated carbon nanotubes are used, the carbon nanotubes are uniformly dispersed at the interface between the materials, and thus improve the thermal conductivity and abrasion resistance required at the electrical contacts.

(26) As illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 7, the state of the carbon nanotube (CNT) or the carbon nanotube (CNT) including silver (Ag) is confirmed by using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) or a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and as illustrated in FIG. 7, the intensity is clearly shown when each component is detected.

(27) Hereinafter, the process of preparing Ag plated carbon nanotubes will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9.

(28) First, a powder mixture is prepared by mixing Ag plated carbon nanotubes with an alloy including silver and nickel (S101).

(29) In this case, for the Ag plated carbon nanotubes, 0.04 g of carbon nanotubes are put into a 7 M silver nitrate solution, and subjected to ultrasonic dispersion and acid treatment for 5 minutes and 2 hours, respectively (S201).

(30) Thereafter, the ultrasonically dispersed and acid-treated carbon nanotubes through step (S201) are washed with deionized water until being reached at pH 7 by using vacuum filtration (S203).

(31) Thereafter, the washed carbon nanotubes through step (S203) are sequentially mixed with a mixed solution of tin chloride (SnCl.sub.2) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) and a mixed solution of palladium chloride (PdCl.sub.2) and hydrochloric acid (HCl), and ultrasonic wave is applied thereto, thereby binding tin (Sn.sup.2+) and palladium (Pd.sup.2+) to surfaces of the carbon nanotubes (S205).

(32) Thereafter, a 0.3 M aqueous silver nitrate (AgNO.sub.3) solution and an aqueous ammonia solution are put into a container and mixed until the solution becomes colorless, and then are mixed with the carbon nanotubes produced in step (S205) (S207).

(33) Thereafter, a 0.1 M aqueous glyoxylic acid solution is mixed with a 0.5 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution until being reached at pH 9, and then the mixed solution is reacted at 90 C. for 1 hour, and then vacuum filtration is used to wash the carbon nanotubes with deionized water until being reached at pH 7, thereby preparing Ag plated carbon nanotubes (S209).

(34) Thereafter, the Ag plated carbon nanotubes are mixed with the alloy, thereby preparing a powder mixture (S211).

(35) Thereafter, the powder mixture prepared in step (S211) is subjected to ultrasonic dispersion and vacuum dried (S103), and then the vacuum-dried powder mixture is sintered (S105).

(36) In this case, the powder mixture is sintered at a temperature of 750 C. to 830 C. for 1 minute while maintaining the temperature, and as the sintering method, a spark plasma sintering (SPS) method is used.

(37) The spark plasma sintering method is a sintering method which uses spark plasma generated between raw material particles as a main heat source by directly applying pulse current to the raw material particles while being compressed in a graphite mold.

(38) By the method, high energy of the spark plasma may be effectively applied to heat diffusion, action of electric fields, and the like.

(39) Further, since a sudden increase in temperature is possible at a relatively low temperature for a short period of time through the spark plasma sintering method, the growth of particles may be controlled, a dense composite may be obtained for a short period of time, and even a material which is difficult to sinter (sintering-difficult material) may be easily sintered.

Experimental Example

(40) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Type of Electrical Thermal Elongation Electrical contact Density conductivity Hardness conductivity ratio lifetime Comparative Ag65Ni35 9.72 57 130 216.616 4 87,927 Example Example Ag65Ni35 9.737 59.2 140 227.772 7 169,266 including Ag plated carbon nanotubes

(41) As shown in Table 1, it is shown that in the electrical contact material including Ag plated carbon nanotubes prepared by the preparation method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the density, electrical conductivity, electrical lifetime, and the like are greatly improved.

(42) Therefore, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, carbon nanotubes are uniformly dispersed in a material by including Ag in the carbon nanotubes to suppress the aggregation of carbon nanotubes when the electrical contacts are prepared.

(43) In addition, the overall preparation costs are reduced by reducing the content of Ag used in the electrical contact materials.

(44) Furthermore, there are greatly improved the functions of a circuit breaker and the like in which the electrical contact materials are used by allowing the electrical contact materials to have excellent properties while using a small amount of Ag in the carbon nanotubes.

(45) As the present features may be embodied in several forms without departing from the characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, unless otherwise specified, but rather should be construed broadly within its scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the metes and bounds of the claims, or equivalents of such metes and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.