Extremely slow pyrotechnic strobe composition with reduced toxicity

Abstract

A reduced toxicity pyrotechnic strobe composition and method includes creating a mixture of strontium nitrate, magnalium, sulfur, and no more than 10 parts by weight of a nitrocellulose binder. The strontium nitrate may comprise 27 percent of the mixture. The magnalium may comprise a 50:50 blend of magnesium and aluminum. The magnalium may comprise 18 percent of the mixture. The sulfur may comprise 55 percent of the mixture. The mixture may include a pulse rate of approximately one pulse per minute. The method may further include modifying the pulse rate of the mixture. The method may further include using a reduced particle size of the magnalium. The method may further include substituting no more than 12.5% of the strontium nitrate with potassium nitrate.

Claims

1. A reduced toxicity pyrotechnic strobe composition consisting essentially of a mixture of strontium nitrate, magnalium, sulfur, and a nitrocellulose binder, wherein said strontium nitrate comprises about 27 percent of said mixture, said magnalium comprises about 18 percent of said mixture, and wherein said sulfur comprises about 55 percent of said mixture.

2. The composition of claim 1, wherein said magnalium comprises about a 50:50 blend of magnesium and aluminum.

3. The composition of claim 1, wherein said mixture produces a pulse rate of approximately one pulse per minute.

4. The composition of claim 1, wherein said mixture further comprises potassium nitrate.

5. The composition of claim 1, wherein a particle size of said magnalium is in the range of 50-325 mesh.

6. The composition of claim 4, wherein no more than 12.5% of said strontium nitrate is substituted with potassium nitrate.

7. The composition of claim 1, wherein said nitrocellulose binder comprises no more than 10 parts by weight of said mixture.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The embodiments herein will be better understood from the following detailed description with reference to the drawings, in which:

(2) FIG. 1 is a block diagram of using extremely slow pyrotechnic strobe composition according to an embodiment herein; and

(3) FIG. 2 is a flow diagram illustrating a method according to an embodiment herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(4) The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained more fully with reference to the non-limiting embodiments that are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and detailed in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.

(5) The embodiments herein provide an extremely slow pyrotechnic strobe composition of reduced toxicity while producing as bright a strobe flash as traditional strobe compositions. The composition can be produced without the use of organic liquids which add to air pollution, and contain specific chemicals to increase its long term shelf life. Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to FIGS. 1 through 2, where similar reference characters denote corresponding features consistently throughout the figures, there are shown preferred embodiments.

(6) The embodiments herein provide a strobe composition 100 which utilizes strontium nitrate as the oxidizer, and magnalium and sulfur as the fuels of the composition 100. This formulation uses no perchlorates, dichromates, or barium compounds and is thus less toxic and more environmentally friendly than conventional strobe formulations.

(7) The chemical reaction for the production of the slow strobe composition 100 includes a three component system with a set of two competing reactions. In one reaction, the magnesium in the magnalium powder reacts with the sulfur to form magnesium sulfide. In the second reaction, the strontium nitrate and aluminium react to produce strontium oxide, nitrogen gas, and aluminium oxide. The composition 100 is completely devoid of the toxic perchlorates, dichromates, and barium compounds found in conventional strobe formulations. The particle size of the metal powder can be varied in such a manner as to adjust the overall rate of the chemical reaction, and thus act as a pulse rate modifier, which comprises the number of pulses per minute for a pressed block of strobe composition 100. In this regard, the composition demonstrates an extremely uncharacteristic pulse rate of approximately one pulse per minute, as opposed to the standard approximately five pulses per second found with conventional solutions. The embodiments herein further allow for the use of the reduced toxicity slow strobe composition 100 in flares 108, flash/bang grenades 110, smoke pots 112, mortars 114, and artillery shells 116.

(8) FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating utilizing the reduced toxicity slow strobe composition 100 in canisters 105, which can be implemented in flares 108, hand grenades 110, smoke pots 112, mortars 114, and artillery shells 116. The reduced toxicity slow strobe composition 100 has an application in any pressed configuration. When pressed at a loading pressure of 1,000 pounds per square inch into a suitable sized canister 105, the base composition 100 can provide a strobing flare/grenade two orders of magnitude slower than conventional flares. Furthermore, when pressed into larger canisters 105 suitable for use in a mortar 114 or artillery shell 116, the composition 100 is pressed at a suitable loading pressure that exceeds the setback force on the canister 105 during the flight to the target area (not shown). The base composition 100 produces very slow strobes at a pressure of 5,000 psi.

(9) FIG. 2, with reference to FIG. 1, is a flow diagram illustrating a method of making a reduced toxicity pyrotechnic strobe composition 100, the method comprising creating a mixture by combining various components including providing (201) strontium nitrate, providing (203) magnalium, providing (205) sulfur, and combining (207) the components to create the composition 100, wherein the combining (207) step includes adding a nitrocellulose binder to the mixture. The strontium nitrate preferably comprises 27 percent of the mixture. The magnalium preferably comprises a 50:50 blend of magnesium and aluminum. The magnalium preferably comprises 18 percent of the mixture. The sulfur preferably comprises 55 percent of the mixture. The nitrocellulose binder preferably comprises no more than 10 parts by weight additional to the mixture. The mixture preferably comprises a pulse rate of approximately one pulse per minute. The method may further comprise modifying (209) a pulse rate of the mixture. This can occur using various techniques (210) including using (210a) a reduced particle size of the magnalium, or substituting (210b) no more than 12.5% of the strontium nitrate with potassium nitrate.

(10) With respect to using (210a) a reduced particle size of the magnalium, the embodiments herein use a particle size of approximately 50-325 mesh for the magnalium. The smaller the particle size (e.g., the larger the mesh size), the faster the pulses. However, the smaller/finer the particle size, the messier it becomes to work with, and the more it becomes an inhalation irritant. Therefore, the embodiments herein utilize a non-conventional mesh size for magnalium. Substituting (210b) the strontium nitrate with potassium nitrate allows for a faster strobe (e.g., approximately seven flashes per minute), however substituting more than 12.5% of the strontium nitrate with potassium nitrate causes the mixture to become a flare. The method may further comprise inserting (211) the mixture at loading pressures between 2,500 and 7,500 pounds per square inch into a canister 105. The method may further comprise inserting the composition 100 into any of a canister 105 of a flare 108, a grenade 110, a smoke pot 112, a mortar round 114, and an artillery round 116.

(11) The slow strobe producing composition 100 may be consolidated at loading pressures between 2,500 and 5,000 pounds per square inch into a canister 105 of flare/flash grenade size configured approximately 2.3 inches in diameter and between approximately 4.5 and 6.0 inches in height. Moreover, the composition 100 may be consolidated at loading pressures between 2,500 and 5,000 pounds per square inch into a canister 105 of smoke pot size configured approximately 6 inches in diameter and nominally 8 inches in height to approximately 12 inches in diameter and nominally 13 inches in height. Furthermore, the composition 100 may be consolidated at loading pressures between 2,500 and 5,000 pounds per square inch into a single or multiple canisters 105 totaling approximately 2.75 inches in diameter and between approximately 7.5 and 9.0 inches in height for use in an 81 mm or similar mortar payload configuration. Additionally, the composition 100 may be consolidated at loading pressures between 5,000 and 7,500 pounds per square inch into a single or multiple canisters 105 of smoke artillery size configured totaling approximately 5 inches in diameter and nominally 21 inches in height for use in a 155 mm projectile.

(12) The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.