MIXER, SYSTEM FOR APPLYING A BUILDING MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A STRUCTURE FROM BUILDING MATERIAL

Abstract

A mixer includes a drum having at least one inlet and one outlet. The mixer furthermore includes a drive and a stirring shaft, which is arranged in the drum and is coupled to the drive. Furthermore, the mixer includes a conveying device, which is arranged in the drum and which is arranged on one and the same axis as the stirring shaft.

Claims

1. A mixer comprising a drum having at least one inlet and one outlet, a drive, a stirring shaft for mixing a mix, said stirring shaft being arranged in the drum and being coupled to the drive, wherein a conveying device is arranged in the drum, said conveying device being arranged on one and the same axis as the stirring shaft.

2. The mixer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conveying device directly adjoins the stirring shaft such that the mix mixed by the stirring shaft is able to be collected directly by the conveying device and is able to be conveyed out of the drum through the outlet.

3. The mixer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conveying device and the stirring shaft are arranged on one and the same driveshaft, and wherein said driveshaft is drivable by the drive.

4. The mixer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stirring shaft and the conveying device are arranged next to one another in the drum, wherein the stirring shaft is arranged in a first drum section and the conveying device is arranged in a second drum section, and wherein the at least one inlet is arranged in the first drum section and the outlet is arranged in the second drum section.

5. The mixer as claimed in claim 4, wherein the first drum section with the stirring shaft arranged therein forms between 50% and 90% of a volume of the drum.

6. The mixer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conveying element is configured as a screw conveyor.

7. The mixer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the screw conveyor has at least one turn.

8. The mixer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drum comprises a first inlet and a second inlet, and wherein a feeding device is arranged at the first inlet.

9. The mixer as claimed in claim 8, wherein the feeding device comprises a hopper for receiving a pulverulent component, a second drive, and a second stirring shaft that is coupled thereto and arranged in the hopper.

10. The mixer as claimed in claim 9, wherein the second stirring shaft comprises radially arranged stirring blades which are arranged in an input region of the hopper, and wherein the second stirring shaft has an axially oriented stirring rod which is radially offset from an axis of rotation of the stirring shaft, said stirring rod being arranged in an output region of the hopper.

11. A system for applying a construction material, the system comprising a moving device, a first component, a second component, and a mixer for mixing the first component and the second component as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixer is arranged on the moving device and is movable thereby, wherein the first component and the second component are able to be fed to the mixer in order to produce the construction material, and wherein the construction material produced from the components is able to be applied via the outlet of the mixer.

12. The system as claimed in claim 11, wherein the first component is a pumpable building material, and wherein the second component is a pumpable substance which contains a building-material admixture.

13. The system as claimed in claim 12, wherein the building-material admixture is an accelerating admixture and/or a hardening accelerator.

14. The system as claimed in claim 11 wherein the moving device is configured so as to be movable in the manner of a 3D printer, such that structures are able to be constructed from the construction material using the system.

15. A method for producing a structure from building material, comprising the steps of: mixing a pumpable building material, and a pumpable substance which contains a building-material admixture with a mixer as claimed in claim 1; and applying the mixture with a moving device.

16. The method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the mixer is operated at a speed of more than 500 revolutions per minute during mixing.

17. The method as claimed in claim 15, wherein, during the application of the mixture with the moving device, an average residence time of the mixture in the drum is less than 10 seconds.

18. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein, during the application of the mixture, the mixture is applied in a plurality of at least partially superposed layers.

19. The method as claimed in claim 18, wherein, during the application, an existing layer is only superposed with a new layer of the mixture when the existing layer is sufficiently solid, in order to retain an original shape.

20. The method as claimed in claim 18, wherein, during the application, at least partially superposed layers of the mixture are built up continuously, such that the structure is constructed from building material in the manner of a 3D printer.

Description

[0051] Details and advantages of the invention are described in the following text on the basis of exemplary embodiments and with reference to schematic drawings, in which:

[0052] FIG. 1: shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary mixer having a conveying device;

[0053] FIG. 2: shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary mixer having a conveying device and having a feeding device via an inlet;

[0054] FIG. 3A: shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary feeding device;

[0055] FIG. 3B: shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary feeding device;

[0056] FIG. 4: shows a schematic illustration of a mixer for mixing a first component and a second component;

[0057] FIG. 5: shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary system for applying a construction material; and

[0058] FIG. 6: shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary conveying device.

[0059] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary mixer 1. The mixer 1 has a drive 3, a drum 2, a stirring shaft 4, and a conveying device 5. The drum 2 in this case has two inlets 6 and one outlet 7. The inlets 6 are in this case located in a first drum section 10, in which the stirring shaft is arranged, and the outlet 7 is located in a second drum section 11, in which the conveying device 5 is also arranged.

[0060] In this exemplary embodiment, two inlets 6 are arranged on the drum 2. In an alternative exemplary embodiment, which is not illustrated, the drum 2 has only one inlet, however. In this case, the components to be mixed can already be combined before they are conveyed into the drum 2 via the inlet.

[0061] In this case, the conveying device 5 is arranged in a manner directly adjoining the stirring shaft 4 such that the mix mixed by the stirring shaft 4 is able to be collected directly by the conveying device 5 and is able to be conveyed out of the drum 2 through the outlet 7.

[0062] In this exemplary embodiment, the conveying device 5 is configured as a screw conveyor. The screw conveyor in this exemplary embodiment has two complete turns 9. Depending on the desired conveying rate, the screw conveyor can be dimensioned or configured in some other way. The conveying device 5 and the stirring shaft 4 are arranged on one and the same axis in the drum 2. In this exemplary embodiment, the stirring shaft 4 is equipped with pegs 8 such that, while the stirring shaft rotates, a mix in the drum is moved by the pegs 8.

[0063] FIG. 2 again illustrates an exemplary mixer 1. In contrast to the mixer 1 in FIG. 1, in this mixer, a feeding device 12 is arranged at one of the inlets 6. This feeding device 12 is for example suitable for introducing a pulverulent component into the drum 2 of the mixer 1 in a homogeneous manner and without clogging.

[0064] FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate the feeding device 12, which is arranged at one of the inlets 6 in FIG. 2, in more detail. The feeding device 12 has a second drive 13 and a second stirring shaft 16. The second stirring shaft 16 is in this case arranged in a rotatable manner in a hopper 19. The hopper 19 has an input region 14 and an output region 15. In this case, stirring blades 17 on the second stirring shaft are arranged in the input region of the hopper 19, and a stirring rod 18 is arranged on the second stirring shaft 16 in the output region 15 of the hopper 19. The stirring blades 17 are in this case arranged radially on the second stirring shaft, such that they can convey a pulverulent component through the input region 14 of the hopper 19. The stirring rod 18 is oriented axially with respect to the second stirring shaft 16, and is offset radially from an axis of rotation of the stirring shaft 16. As a result, this stirring rod 18 can protect the output region 15 of the hopper 19 from clogging.

[0065] FIG. 4 again illustrates an exemplary mixer 1 having a feeding device 12 at one of the inlets. A first component 20 and a second component 22 are fed to the mixer 1 via a first feed line 21 and via a second feed line 23, respectively. For example, in this case, the first component 20 can be a pulverulent component, which is fed into the hopper of the feeding device 12 via the first feed line 21, and the second component 22 can be for example a liquid or pumpable substance, which is passed directly into the drum of the mixer 1 via the second feed line 23. After the mixing operation in the drum of the mixer 1, the mixture is conveyed through the outlet 25 of the mixer by the conveying device 5.

[0066] FIG. 5 illustrates a system 30 for applying a construction material. The system 30 comprises a moving device 31 and a first component 32 and a second component 33.

[0067] The first component 32 and the second component 33 are fed to the mixer 1 via a first feed line 34 and a second feed line 35. The mixer 1 comprises an outlet 36, via which the construction material is able to be applied. In order for it to be possible to apply the construction material at a desired location, the mixer 1 is movable by way of the moving device 31. For this purpose, the moving device 31, as illustrated in this exemplary embodiment, can have an arm, which is configured in a movable manner. For example, a multi-joint arm can be used in order to allow more versatile movement of the mixer 1 in space.

[0068] In alternative exemplary embodiments, which are not illustrated, the moving device 31 is configured as a crane, a robot, a movable device on wheels or tracks, or a 3D printer.

[0069] FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a conveying device 5. In this example, first of all more than two turns 9 are formed. In addition, the turns 9 have different extents in the direction of the driveshaft, wherein the turns 9 become tighter toward one end of the conveying device 5. As a result, a conveying pressure of the conveying device 5 can be changed depending on the orientation of the tightening of the turns 9.

[0070] Furthermore, in this example, a cross section of a shaft of the conveying device 5 is configured to be variable in the direction of the driveshaft. In this case, a volume for the mix becomes smaller toward one end of the conveying device 5. As a result, a conveying pressure of the conveying device 5 can be changed depending on the orientation of the reduction in size of the volume for the mix.