MULTI-LAYERED STRUCTURE OF AT LEAST A BASE-LAYER COMPRISING GLASS FIBRES AND A PAINT-BASED PROTECTIVE LAYER OR A PASTE-BASED PROTECTIVE LAYER

Abstract

A multi-layered structure of at least a base-layer comprising glass fibers and a paint-based protective layer or a paste-based protective layer, the protective layer being non-intumescent, wherein the protective layer exhibits at atmospheric pressure during an increase in ambient temperature, a drop in its thermal conductivity.

Claims

1. A multi-layered structure of at least a base-layer comprising glass fibers and a paint-based protective layer or a paste-based protective layer, the protective layer being non-intumescent, wherein the protective layer exhibits at atmospheric pressure during an increase in ambient temperature, a drop in its thermal conductivity.

2. The multi-layered structure of claim 1, wherein the protective layer has a porous structure or forms pores at elevated temperatures.

3. The multi-layered structure of claim 2, wherein the pores comprise pores having a diameter of less than 700 nanometers, and preferably less than 70 nanometers.

4. The multi-layered structure of claim 12, wherein the porous structure comprises clusterings of particles having a size within a range of 2 to 300 nanometers.

5. The multi-layered structure according to claim 4, wherein pores are formed at temperatures in a range of 180 C. to 500 C.

6. The multi-layered structure of claim 1, wherein the protective layer comprises opacities for reducing heat transfer by radiation.

7. The multi-layered structure of claim 1, being free from a primer layer between the base-layer and the protective layer.

8. The multi-layered structure of claim 7, being free from any other layer between the base-layer and the protective layer.

9. The multi-layered structure of claim 1, wherein the protective layer is a fire retardant layer.

10. The multi-layered structure of claim 9, wherein the fire retardant layer is non-combustible in a fire reaching a temperature up to 1100 C.

11. The multi-layered structure of claim 1, wherein the protective layer is within a temperature range of 50-1100 C. effectively free from shrinkage.

12. The multi-layered structure of claim 1, wherein the protective layer is within a temperature range of 50-1100 C. effectively free from thermal expansion.

13. The multi-layered structure of claim 1, wherein the protective layer is a layer that is formed using a water-based polymer emulsion.

14. The A multi-layered structure of claim 1, wherein the protective layer is salt water resistant.

15. The multi-layered structure of claim 1, wherein the protective layer has a base-layer side and an ambience side, wherein the protective layer itself is impermeable to gas when a pressure difference of 30 mBar is set between the base-layer side and the ambience side.

16. The multi-layered structure of claim 1, wherein the protective layer is impermeable to water.

17. The multi-layered structure of claim 1, wherein the base-layer comprises a Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GRP) layer.

18. The multi-layered structure of claim 1, wherein the base-layer comprises a Glass Reinforced Epoxy (GRE) layer.

19. The multi-layered structure of claim 1, wherein the base-layer forms at least a part of a pipe.

20. The multi-layered structure of claim 1, wherein the base-layer forms at least a part of a plate-shaped construction element.

21. The multi-layered structure of claim 1, wherein the base-layer forms at least a part of ship, an oil platform, or an engineered construction for use on a sea.

22. The multi-layered structure of claim 1, wherein the base-layer forms at least a part of a chemical or petrochemical factory.

23. The multi-layered structure of claim 1, wherein the base-layer forms at least a part of an oil storage tank.

24. A paint or paste formed using a water-based polymer emulsion, suitable for forming a protective layer for forming the multi-layered structure of claim 1.

Description

[0041] The disclosure is further explained on the basis of a drawing, in which:

[0042] FIG. 1 shows in cross-section the first embodiment of a multi-layered structure according to the present disclosure;

[0043] FIG. 2 shows schematically in cross-section a second embodiment of a multi-layered structure according to the present disclosure;

[0044] FIG. 3 shows a step in a method of making a multi-layered structure according to the present disclosure;

[0045] FIG. 4 shows a step in a method of making a multi-layered structure according to the present disclosure;

[0046] FIG. 5 shows a step in a method of making a multi-layered structure according to the present disclosure; and

[0047] FIG. 6 shows a step in an alternative way of a method for making a multi-layered structure in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0048] In the description of the drawing, like parts are provided with like references.

[0049] FIG. 1 shows in cross-section a multi-layered structure 1 of a metal base-layer 2 and a paint-based protective layer 3. Instead of the paint-based protective layer 3, a paste-based protective layer 3 may be applied. The protective layer 3 is non-intumescent, i.e. it does on exposure to heat not puff up to produce a foam. The protective layer 3 exhibits at atmospheric pressure during an increase in the ambient temperature, a drop in its thermal conductivity. The ambient temperature is the air temperature of the environment in which the protective layer is kept.

[0050] FIG. 2 shows in cross-section a pipe 4 having a multi-layered structure 1 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] The protective layer 3 may be based on paint. Alternatively, the protective layer 3 is based on a paste.

[0052] FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 show the application of the protective layer based on a paste. In FIG. 3 a brush 5 is used. In FIG. 4 a squeegee 6 is used. In FIG. 5 a putty knife 7 is used.

[0053] The application shown is on a pipe 4 as extending out of a conduit (not shown) in a wall 8. A sealant 9 is applied to seal the annular gap between the pipe 4 and the conduit. However, a person skilled in the art can easily envisage how the application similarly would be applicable onto a flat base-layer.

[0054] FIG. 6 shows the application of the base-layer on the basis of a paint, in this example by means of spraying.

[0055] The base-layer may be a so-called GRP or GRE layer. The base-layer may be part of a pipe or part of a plate-shaped construction element. Any other shape is also possible.

[0056] The thickness of the layer can be as desired. Spraying for longer, or spraying more layers, will result in a thicker protective layer. The density of the protective layer can be varied, throughout the layer, or held constant per layer. The density can be varied, depending on the number and density of pores.

[0057] The protective layer 3 is non-intumescent, meaning that it does not puff up to form a foam when the temperature of the layer increases. The protective layer 3 can be provided by applying a waterbased polymer emulsion, such as the so-called FISSIC coating, as commercially available from the applicant (www.fissiccoating.com). The emulsion is available in paint form as well as in paste form.

[0058] The protective layer 3 has a porous structure and/or forms pores at elevated temperatures. A porous structure may be present in the particles which at least partly make up the protective layer but may also be formed at elevated temperatures, for instance by release of bonded water out of the protective layer. Pores may also have been formed by the way the protective layer is applied, i.e. by entrapping air into the layer during spraying of the water-based polymer emulsion onto the base-layer 2. The pores may comprise pores having diameters of less than 700 nanometers. Preferably the pores comprise also pores having a diameter of less than 70 nanometers. The pore structure may comprise clusterings of particles having a size within the range of 2-300 nanometers. It is preferable that a number of the pores are formed at temperatures in the range of 180-500 C.

[0059] The protective layer may comprise opacities for reducing heat transfer by radiation. Opacities are known in the art, a typical example is titanium dioxide. Another typical example is carbon soot.

[0060] The protective layer 3 is preferably a fire-retardant layer. To this end, highly suitably, borates conventionally used as fire retardants; plasticizers of the organic phosphate type such as trialkyl phosphates and triaryl phosphates, and in particular trioctylphosphate, triphenylphosphate and diphenyl cresyl phosphate; solid fire retardants such as ammonium polyphosphate, for instance Antiblaze MC: and melamine polyphosphate (melapur 200) can be used. These and more fire retardants are well known in the art.

[0061] The fire retardant layer is preferably non-combustible in a fire reaching a temperature up to 1100 C. The protective layer 3 is within a temperature range of 50-1100 C. effectively free from shrinkage and, preferably, free from thermal expansion.

[0062] The protective layer 3 is salt water resistant, preferably even after fire. Reference is made to KIWA Netherlands report 20150421 HN/01 for the performance of the so-called FISSIC coating in this respect. The protective layer 3 is impermeable to water and/or impermeable to gas (at least when the gas pressure difference is 30 mBar. The protective layer prevents corrosion under isolation (CIU) from taking place.

[0063] A sprayable emulsion suitable for forming by spraying a protective layer according to the present disclosure is on the day of this disclosure available, at least via the website www.fissiccoating.com both in paint form and in paste form.

[0064] The base-layer may form part of at least a part of ship, an oil platform, or an engineered construction for use on the sea.

[0065] The base-layer may form part of at least a part of a chemical or petrochemical factory.

[0066] The base-layer may form part of at least a part of an oil storage tank.

[0067] Many applications, each making use of embodiments of the present disclosure, are easily conceivable. Not only in a maritime climate/environment but also in the chemical and petrochemical industry, and in the building industry, use can be made of embodiments of this disclosure.