A WIND TURBINE APPARATUS

Abstract

A wind turbine apparatus for use in movement of components of a wind turbine. The wind turbine apparatus has an upright support means, the upright support means being adaptable to be set on a surface below a load in use, such that the weight of the load is transferred to the surface. The wind turbine apparatus further has a load bearing means for engaging a load, the load bearing means being operably coupled with the upright support means and being configured to be moveable laterally when bearing a load. The wind turbine apparatus further has a means for raising and lowering the load bearing means. The wind turbine apparatus can be used for supporting, raising and lowering yaw brake calipers.

Claims

1. A wind turbine apparatus for use in movement of components of a wind turbine, the wind turbine apparatus comprising an upright support means, the upright support means being adaptable to be set on a surface below a load in use, such that the weight of the load is transferred to the surface, the wind turbine apparatus comprising a load bearing means for engaging a load, the load bearing means being operably coupled with the upright support means and being configured to be moveable laterally when bearing a load, and wherein the wind turbine apparatus further comprises a means for raising and lowering the load bearing means.

2. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the upright support means forms a part of the means for raising and lowering the load bearing means.

3. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein the means for raising or lowering the load bearing means comprises an upright guide apparatus for guiding movement of the load bearing means.

4. A wind turbine apparatus as in claim 3 wherein the upright guide apparatus is sized to be inserted into an opening of a yaw brake caliper.

5. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 3 or 4 wherein the means for raising or lowering the load bearing means comprises a plurality of upright guide apparatuses.

6. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 5 wherein the load bearing means extends between, and is support by, the plurality of upright guide apparatuses.

7. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 6 wherein the apparatus comprises a drive means, the drive means being operable to move the load bearing means along the upright guide apparatus.

8. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 7 wherein the upright guide apparatus is operably engaged with the load bearing means such that axial rotation of the upright guide apparatus results in movement of the load bearing means in the axial direction of the upright guide apparatus.

9. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 8 when dependent on claim 7 wherein the drive means is operable to rotate the upright guide apparatus thereby moving at least part of the load bearing means along the upright guide apparatus.

10. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 9 wherein the means for raising or lowering the load bearing means comprises one or more carriages for carrying the load bearing means along the upright guide apparatus, the carriage being operably engaged with the upright guide apparatus.

11. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 10 when dependent on claim 7 wherein the drive means is operable to rotate the upright guide apparatus thereby moving the carriage and the load bearing means along the upright guide apparatus.

12. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the wind turbine apparatus comprises a stop means for stopping the movement of load bearing means in at least one direction.

13. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 12 when dependent on claim 10 wherein the stop means is operable to stop movement of the carriage or carriages along the upright guide apparatus.

14. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim, the wind turbine apparatus comprising a base, the upright support means forming a part of the base.

15. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 14 when dependent on claim 3 wherein the upright guide apparatus is removable from the base.

16. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 14 or 15 wherein the base comprises feet, ridges and/or grooves, the feet, ridges and/or grooves being sized and shaped to interact with corresponding features on a wind turbine surface.

17. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 14 or 15 wherein the base has wheels for moving the apparatus.

18. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 8 when dependent on claim 7 wherein the drive means comprises a motor, the motor being operable to drive rotation of the upright guide apparatus.

19. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 8 or 18 wherein the drive means comprises a driving member and at least one driven member.

20. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 19 wherein the driven member is situated at or about the upright guide apparatus, being operably engaged with, and fixed relative to, the upright guide apparatus.

21. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 19 when dependent on claim 18 wherein the motor is operable to drive the driving member.

22. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 19 wherein the driving member is manually operated.

23. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 19 to 22 wherein the driving member is operably connected to the driven member by a connection means, the connection means transferring motion from the driving member to driven member.

24. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 19 to 22 where the driving member and driven member are interlocking cogwheels, such that rotation of the driving member results in opposite rotation of the drive member.

25. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 24 wherein there are two or more driven members arranged in interlocking arrangement with one another, such that rotation of the driving member results in rotation of each driven member.

26. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 25 wherein the apparatus comprises three spaced apart upright guide apparatuses and three driven members in operable engagement with the three upright apparatuses.

27. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the load bearing means comprises an arm and/or a platform.

28. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 27 wherein the arm is laterally articulated.

29. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 28 wherein the arm comprises a plurality of arm portions, and wherein at least two arm portions are connected to one another by a hinge.

30. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the apparatus comprises a mounting means for mounting the wind turbine apparatus to a surface.

31. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 30 wherein the wind turbine apparatus comprises a mounting support member.

32. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 31 wherein the mounting support member is a lateral support member.

33. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 31 wherein the mounting support member has a means for extending and/or contracting.

34. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 31 to 33 wherein the mounting support member comprises a means for engaging with and/or anchoring the wind turbine apparatus to a wind turbine structure.

35. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 34 wherein the means for engaging with and/or anchoring the wind turbine apparatus to a wind turbine structure comprising an anchor, hook or abutment member.

36. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the wind turbine apparatus comprises a control means, the control means being operable to control movement of the load bearing means.

37. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim wherein, the load bearing means comprises an adaptable utility apparatus.

38. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 37 wherein the adaptable utility apparatus being adaptable to engage with a tool and/or a wind turbine yaw component.

39. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 37 or 38 wherein the adaptable utility apparatus is pivotal about the load bearing means.

40. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 39 wherein adaptable utility apparatus comprises a yaw brake engagement tool, the yaw brake engagement tool comprising a plurality of spaced apart prongs for engaging a yaw brake caliper.

41. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the wind turbine apparatus is configured to engage with and to be guided by a guide track and comprising a means for travelling along a guide track.

42. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the wind turbine apparatus is configured to be controlled by an automation system.

43. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 42 when dependent on claim 7 wherein the drive means is configured to be controlled by the automation system.

44. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 42 when dependent on claim 41 wherein the wind turbine apparatus comprises an electromagnetic braking system for fixing the location of the wind turbine apparatus relative to the guide track.

45. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 44 wherein the electromagnetic braking system is configured to be operably coupled to an electronic control unit.

46. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 42 to 45 wherein the wind turbine apparatus comprises sensors for determining the position of the wind turbine apparatus and component parts thereof relative to the yaw brakes of the wind turbine in which the wind turbine apparatus is installed.

47. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 46 wherein the sensors are configured to provide feedback to an electronic control unit of an automation system.

48. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 42 to 47 wherein the wind turbine apparatus comprises electromechanical actuators that are operably couplable to an electronic control unit.

49. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 42 to 48 wherein the wind turbine apparatus comprises a tool carousel comprising an adaptable utility apparatus and a torque wrench operably couplable to an electronic control unit.

50. A wind turbine apparatus as claimed in claim 49 wherein the tool carousel, the utility apparatus and/or the torque wrench have position sensors for detecting their position relative to the brake calliper bolts and bolt holes to allow the electronic control unit to position the utility apparatus in the bolt holes and to allow the torque wrench to locate on the bolts to insert, remove and periodically test the torque of the bolts for maintenance.

Description

[0365] The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings which shows by way of example only two embodiments of an apparatus in accordance with the invention.

[0366] FIG. 1 is a front elevation view of a wind turbine apparatus according to the invention.

[0367] FIG. 2 is the wind turbine apparatus of FIG. 1 with the arm raised to a higher position.

[0368] FIG. 3 is a plan view of the wind turbine apparatus of FIG. 2.

[0369] FIG. 4 is a side elevation view of the wind turbine apparatus of FIG. 2.

[0370] FIG. 5 is the wind turbine apparatus as shown in FIG. 4 with the arm at a lower position.

[0371] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the wind turbine apparatus shown in FIG. 2.

[0372] FIG. 7 is the wind turbine apparatus as shown in FIG. 6 with the arm at a lower position.

[0373] FIG. 8 is the wind turbine apparatus as shown in FIG. 7 with the arm contracted inwards via pivoting at the hinge.

[0374] FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the wind turbine apparatus.

[0375] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a further embodiment of a wind turbine apparatus according to the invention.

[0376] FIG. 11 is a further perspective view of the wind turbine apparatus of FIG. 10.

[0377] FIG. 12 is a further perspective view of the wind turbine apparatus of FIG. 10. The arrows illustrate the direction of movement of parts of the wind turbine apparatus.

[0378] FIG. 13 is a further perspective view of the wind turbine apparatus of FIG. 10. The arrows illustrate the direction of movement of parts of the wind turbine apparatus.

[0379] FIG. 14 is an elevated left side view of the wind turbine apparatus of FIG. 10.

[0380] FIG. 15 is an elevated right-side view of the wind turbine apparatus of FIG. 10.

[0381] FIG. 16 is an elevated right-side view of the wind turbine apparatus of FIG. 10. The arrow shows the direction of movement of a part of the wind turbine apparatus.

[0382] FIG. 17 is an elevated right-side view of the wind turbine apparatus of FIG. 10. The arrows show the direction of movement of parts of the wind turbine apparatus.

[0383] FIG. 18 is a schematic of an automation system for a wind turbine apparatus according to the invention.

[0384] In the drawings there is shown an apparatus for use with a wind turbine indicated generally by reference numeral 1, which can support the weight of a yaw brake caliper and can raise or lower a yaw brake caliper. The wind turbine apparatus 1 has an arrangement 17 for mounting the wind turbine apparatus 1 to a wind turbine. The arrangement 17 for mounting the wind turbine apparatus 1 enables the wind turbine apparatus 1 to be mounted within the wind turbine, at the top of the tower where the tower meets the nacelle. Specifically, beneath the location of the yaw system. The arrangement 17 for mounting the wind turbine apparatus 1 is further designed such that the wind turbine apparatus 1 can be releasably fixedly mounted to a wind turbine. This enables the wind turbine apparatus 1 to be mounted but also easily repositioned as required. The wind turbine apparatus 1 further has an upright support arrangement 4, formed from steel, and a load bearing arrangement, which, in this embodiment, is provided be an arm 2, for bearing the load of the brake caliper when in use. The arm is formed from aluminium, although it could be formed from other suitable materials such as steel, and is adaptable for engagement with a torque drill (not shown) or a wind turbine yaw component (not shown). The wind turbine apparatus 1 further has an arrangement 3 for raising and lowering the arm. The arrangement 3 is formed from steel in this embodiment, although other suitable materials may be used provided they provide the necessary strength.

[0385] The arm 2 is articulated, extends from the arrangement 3 for raising and lowering the arm, and can extend or contract about a lateral axis. The arm 2 can contract towards the arrangement 3 for raising and lowering the arm, as shown in FIG. 8, or be extended fully outwards as shown in FIGS. 1 to 7. It is further adaptable for engagement with a yaw brake caliper (not shown), being operable to engage and move a yaw brake caliper. Further, the arm 2 can support a yaw brake caliper above a platform surface of a wind turbine without having any support structures being directly below the yaw brake caliper, as the upright support arrangement 4 is anchored at a distance from the fully extended arm 2. This is advantageous when, for example, an access opening is directly beneath a yaw brake caliper and so it is not possible to locate support structures of a wind turbine apparatus 1 directly beneath the yaw brake caliper.

[0386] The arm 2 has an adaptable utility apparatus 5 formed from aluminium that is adaptable to engage with a wind turbine yaw component. The arm 2 further has a first terminal end 6 located at the arrangement 3 for raising or lowering the arm 2 and a second terminal end 7, the adaptable utility apparatus 5 being located at or about the second terminal end 7. The arrangement 3 for raising and lowering the arm 2 is operable to raise or lower the adaptable utility apparatus 5. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, the adaptable utility apparatus 5 is fitted with a yaw brake engagement tool 8, formed from aluminium. The yaw brake engagement tool 8 has two, spaced apart prongs 9a, 9b that are shaped and sized to correspond to openings in a yaw brake caliper, having circular cross-sections, such that the prongs 9a, 9b can be inserted into a yaw brake caliper. The two prongs 9a, 9b each have a shoulder 10a, 10b that are situated centrally along the prongs 9a, 9b.

[0387] The arrangement 3 for raising and lowering the arm 2 has a drive arrangement 11, which is operable to raise or lower the arm 2. The wind turbine apparatus 1 further has an upright guide apparatus 12 that guides movement of the arm 2 in a vertical direction. When the drive arrangement 11 is operated it moves the arm 2, the movement being guided by the upright guide apparatus 12. The upright guide apparatus 12 further has an elongate, rotatable, threaded spindle 13. The spindle 13 is formed from specialized tempered steel, although other suitable spindles could be used. Operation of the drive arrangement 11 rotates the threaded spindle 13 and this moves the arm 2 along the upright guide apparatus 12. The arrangement 3 for raising and lowering the arm involves a carriage 14, formed form steel and further having an arm engagement member 15. The carriage 14 is in operable engagement with the threaded spindle 13. The arm engagement member 15 has a tube-shaped portion which has an interior thread that is engaged with the threaded spindle 13. Rotating the threaded spindle 13 moves the carriage 14 and the arm engagement member 15 along the threaded spindle 13.

[0388] The wind turbine apparatus 1 has a base 16, formed from aluminium but could equally be formed from any other suitable material, that forms a part of the upright support arrangement 4. The base 16 defines the bottom of the upright support arrangement 4 and the upright guide apparatus 12 is connected to and extends from the base 16 in an orientation that is perpendicular to the plane of the base 16. The base 16 is planar and rectangular. The arrangement 17 for mounting the wind turbine apparatus 1 to a wind turbine surface is disposed on the base 16 and is operable to mount the base 16 to a wind turbine surface. The arrangement 17 for mounting the wind turbine apparatus 1 involves two steel spaced apart hooks 18a, 18b that extend upwards from the base 16 and are dimensioned to be hooked onto a part of a wind turbine (not shown).

[0389] The drive arrangement 11 has an electrically-powered motor 19 that is operable to drive rotation of the threaded spindle 13. The motor 19 is disposed on the base 16. The drive arrangement 11 has a driving member 20 and a driven member 21, both of which are steel sprocket wheels, the driving member 20 is operable to drive rotation of the driven member 21. The driving member 20 is spaced apart from the driven member 21 and they are connected by a closed loop 22, the closed loop 22 being a rubber composite belt having teeth 24, for engaging with and moving the driving member 20 and driven member 21. The driven member 21 is positioned at the bottom of the upright guide apparatus 12 and forms a part of the upright guide apparatus 12. Both the driving member 21 and the driven member 21 are situated proximal to the base 16 and are fixed to the base 16. The motor 19 is operable to rotate the driving member 20, this in turn rotates the closed loop 22 which then rotates the driven member 21 thereby causing the threaded spindle 13 to rotate. The drive arrangement 11 has a housing 25, formed from aluminium but which could be equally formed from any other suitable material, which houses part of the motor 19, the driving member 20 and a part of the closed loop 22. The housing 25 extends upwards from the base 16 and has a circular cross-section.

[0390] The arm 2 is perpendicular to the upright guide apparatus 12 and is pivotally engaged with the upright guide apparatus 12. The arm engagement member 15 has a hinge 28, formed from aluminium but which could be equally formed from any other suitable material, enabling the arm 2 to pivot about the arm engagement member 15 thereby moving the arm 2 through a horizontal axis. The arm 2 has two arm portions 29a, 29b that are hingedly connected via an arm hinge 30. The arm portions 29a, 29b can move horizontally relative to one another via the hinge 30, but not vertically relative to one another. The arm hinge 30 is located between the first terminal end 6 and the second terminal end 7 of the arm 2. In use, the two arm portions 29a, 29b are coplanar.

[0391] The upright support arrangement 4 has two, spaced apart elongate support members 32a, 32b. The elongate support members 32a, 32b are formed from steel and having a square cross section although alternative materials and shapes could be used. The two elongate support members 32a, 32b extend upwards from the base 16 and proximal and parallel to the threaded spindle 13. The upright support arrangement 4 provides support to the carriage 14. The two elongate support members 32a, 32b and the threaded spindle 13 are arranged in a triangular fashion such that each of the elongate support members 32a, 32b and the threaded spindle 13 define a corner of the triangle. The carriage 14 is positioned on the two elongate support members 32a, 32b and the threaded spindle 13.

[0392] The carriage 14 further has a bracket 33 that is engaged with the two elongate support members 32a, 32b, thereby mounting the carriage 14 to the two elongate support members 32a, 32b. The bracket 33 is fitted around, and is slidably engaged with, the two elongate support members 32a, 32b. The bracket 33 has an arrangement 35 for preventing lateral movement of the carriage 14, the arrangement 35 having a rear component 36. The two elongate support members 32a, 32b are positioned between the rear component 36 and the threaded spindle 13, the rear component 36 extending between and pressing against the two elongate support members 32a, 32b. The rear component 36 further has two stoppers 37a, 37b positioned around the two elongate support members 32a, 32b such that the elongate support members 32a, 32b are between the two stoppers 37a, 37b; the stoppers 37a, 37b being at a distance to prohibit lateral movement of the bracket 33.

[0393] The arrangement 35 for preventing lateral movement of the carriage 14 has a front component 39 disposed on the two elongate support members 32a, 32b at location opposing the position of the rear component. The two elongate support members 32a, 32b are located between the rear component 36 and the front component 37. The front component 37 has two protrusions 40a, 40b which are each positioned to abut the two elongate support members 32a, 32b, respectively. The two protrusions 40a, 40b prevent movement of the bracket 33 in a direction away from the location of the threaded spindle 13.

[0394] The wind turbine apparatus 1 further has a lateral support member 41, formed from steel, that extends perpendicularly to the upright guide apparatus 12. The lateral support member 41 is extendible and contractible and operable to engage with a wind turbine support structure. The lateral support member 41 is a telescopic elongate rod, the telescopic configuration operable to extend or contract the lateral support member 41. Also provided is a screw 46 positioned on the elongate rod that can be tightened to prevent the lateral support member from extending/contracting and loosened to enable extension/contraction. The lateral support member 41 further has an abutment member 45 for abutting a wind turbine structure. This stabilises the wind turbine apparatus 1 by pressing against a wind turbine structure so that when a weight is added to the arm, the lateral support member 41 can prevent the wind turbine apparatus 1 from tipping substantially towards the wind turbine structure that is in abutting engagement with the lateral support member 41. In one embodiment the lateral support member 41 is operably coupled to one of the brake calipers above the lateral support member 41 by a mechanical fixing arrangement having a first female member formed for attachment to the lateral support member and a second female member formed for acting as a washer on a bolt for fixing the caliper to the tower ceiling. The mechanical fixing arrangement is a double ring arrangement with the main plane of the rings perpendicular to one another. Advantageously, this greatly stabilizes the wind turbine apparatus 1 at times when it is raising lowering or holding the weight of a caliper.

[0395] The wind turbine apparatus 1 has a lateral support member pivot 42 about which the lateral support member 41 can pivot. The upright guide apparatus 12 has an upper terminal end 43 and a stop member 44, formed form aluminium, located at the upper terminal end 43. The two elongate support members 32a, 32b are joined to the stop member 44 and the lateral support member pivot 42 is located at the stop member 44, the stop member 44 being disposed between the lateral support member pivot 42 and the threaded spindle 13. The lateral support member 41 is secured to the upright guide apparatus 12 via an adjustable, hardened steel screw 47 that can be tightened or loosened to adjust the freedom of movement of the lateral support member 41.

[0396] The wind turbine apparatus 1 has an arrangement (not shown) for controlling movement of the arm 2. The control arrangement is operable to control the arrangement 3 raising and lowering the arm 2. The control arrangement can control the drive arrangement 11 and the motor 19 and has a control panel (not shown) operably connected to the motor 19. The control panel has a user interface (not shown) enabling the user to input commands to activate the motor 19 and therefore move the arm 2 up or down along the upright guide apparatus 12.

[0397] In use, the wind turbine apparatus 1 can be operated to assist in the installation, repair and replacement of wind turbine yaw brake calipers (not shown). Firstly, the wind turbine apparatus 1 is anchored to a structure of the wind turbine by the arrangement 17 for mounting the wind turbine apparatus. The lateral support member 41 can provide additional support by extending or contracting the lateral support member 41 such that the abutment member 45 abuts against a wind turbine structure. This will prevent the wind turbine apparatus 1 from tipping in a direction towards the surface which the lateral support member 41 is abutting against.

[0398] To remove a yaw brake caliper from a yaw system of a wind turbine, the engineer must first loosen the bolts of the yaw brake caliper. Typically, this is done using a torque drill. The engineer can utilize the wind turbine apparatus 1 in this process by first lowering the arm 2 to the bottom of the upright guide apparatus 12. This is done by inputting the command in the control panel thereby engaging the motor 19, causing rotation of the driving member 20, driven member and threaded spindle 13. This in turn causes the carriage 14 to move down the threaded spindle 13. Once the arm 2 is lowered the engineer can fit a torque drill (not shown) to the adaptable utility apparatus 5. The arm 2 is then raised by inputting the command in the control panel. If necessary, the engineer can bend the arm about the hinge 28 and the arm hinge 30 to line the torque drill (not shown) up with a brake caliper, the arm 2 can then be raised to engage the torque drill with the brake caliper. The process is repeated until the bolts are sufficiently loosened to remove the bolts and release the brake caliper. The arm 2 is then lowered as previously and the torque drill changed for the yaw brake engagement tool 8. The yaw brake engagement tool 8 is raised up to the brake caliper and adjusted laterally about the hinge 29 and arm hinge 30 such that the prongs 9a, 9b engage the brake caliper. The engineer can then further adjust the hinge 29 and/or arm hinge 30 such that the brake caliper slides out of position. The wind turbine apparatus 1 fully bears the weight of the brake caliper. The engineer then inputs a command via the control panel for the arm 2 to be lowered thereby lowering the brake caliper. In an embodiment not shown, the adaptable utility apparatus 5 is pivotable thus enabling the brake caliper to be rotated when the arm 2 reaches the surface of the wind turbine platform to set the brake caliper on the surface. The prongs 9a, 9b can be slid away from the brake caliper and used to raise a new brake caliper into position if required. Using the wind turbine apparatus 1, the engineer is not required to lift either a torque drill or a brake caliper throughout any yaw brake installation or maintenance processes.

[0399] Referring now to FIGS. 11-17 there is shown a further embodiment of the wind turbine apparatus, indicated generally by reference numeral 101. The wind turbine apparatus 101 has three spaced apart upright guide apparatuses 113a-c. Alternatively, less or more than three upright guide apparatuses 113a-c as required. The spacing between the upright guide apparatuses 113a-c is equal to that of the spacing between the bolt apertures of a yaw brake caliper (not shown), such that the upright guide apparatuses 113a-c can be inserted into the bolt apertures when the bolts have been removed. The load bearing arrangement 102 is formed as a platform 102a that extends laterally between the upright guide apparatuses 113a-c, with each upright guide apparatuses 113a-c passing through the platform 102a. The platform 102a in this embodiment is formed from a plurality of beams that extend between the upright guide apparatuses 113a-c. The platform 102a is connected to the upright guide apparatuses 113a-c via bearings 175, such that when the bearings 175 rotate, e.g. when the upright guide apparatuses 113a-c rotate, the platform 102a moves up or down but does not rotate.

[0400] The platform 102a further extends between two spaced apart upright support members 160a, 160b, with the upright guide apparatuses 113 being positioned between the upright support members 160a, 160b. The platform 102a is slidably arranged around the upright support members 160a, 160b such that it can move along the upright support members 160a, 160b, The upright support members 160a, 160b do not rotate and so do not impart motion to the platform 102a, but are for the purpose of providing strength and stability to the platform 102a.

[0401] The arrangement 103 for raising and lowering the platform 102a involves each upright guide apparatus 113a-c comprising a driven member 121a-c fixed relative to each upright guide apparatus 113a-c, at the base of each upright guide apparatus 113a-c. In this embodiment, the driven members 121a-c are interlocking cogwheels and each upright guide apparatuses 113a-c is a spindle that is screwed into the axis of the cogwheel. The driving member 120 is a further interlocking cogwheel, being interlocked with a first of the three driven members 121a-c, that can be rotated manually using a ratchet (e.g. see FIG. 12), or by a drive means such a motor or drill (not shown). The cogwheels need not be directly interlocked, but could be connected by intermediate cogwheels that transfer rotation from the driving member 120 to and between the driven members 121a-c, The embodiment in FIGS. 10-17 has an intermediate cogwheel 179 that is located centrally between, and interlocks with, all three driven members 121a-c. The wind turbine apparatus 101 further has a supporting cogwheel 180 interlocked with the furthest driven member 121c from the driving member 120. When the driving member 120 is rotated clockwise, the adjacent driven member 121a rotates anticlockwise, the intermediate cogwheel 179 is rotated clockwise and in turn imparts anticlockwise rotation on the remaining driven members 121b, 121c. The intermediate cogwheel 179 thereby further functions such that all three upright guide apparatuses 113a-c rotate in the same direction.

[0402] In this embodiment, there are three carriages 114a-c, that are formed as a part of the platform 102a and contain the aforementioned bearings, each being arranged on the upright guide apparatuses 113a-c such that the rotation of the upright guide apparatuses 113a-c results in vertical movement of the carriages and therefore the platform 102a.

[0403] In this embodiment, the base 116 comprises wheels 183. The wind turbine apparatus 101 further has a mounting arrangement 170 for mounting the wind turbine apparatus 101 to a surface. In particular, the mounting arrangement 170 is suitable for temporarily mounting the wind turbine apparatus 101 to a tower of a wind turbine. When mounted, the wind turbine apparatus 101 can be moved laterally, being moved via the wheels on the base 116. As the brake calipers can be heavy (>100 kg), the mounting arrangement 170 is further adapted to assist in laterally moving the upright guide apparatuses 113a-c; for example, to move them away from a brake disk in use. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 10-17, the mounting arrangement 170 involves a pair of mounting support members 171a, 171b. The mounting arrangement 170 includes a by a transverse support member 185 that extends between and supports the mounting support members 171a, 171b. Each mounting support member 171a, 171b is movably fixed proximal the upright guide apparatuses 113a-c, by being fixed to the upright support members 160a, 160b. It should be understood that the mounting support members 171a, 171b could alternatively be fixed to any component part of the wind turbine apparatus 101 that is in turn directly or indirectly fixed to the upright guide apparatuses 113a-c.

[0404] The mounting support members 171a, 171b can be arranged to extend perpendicularly relative to the upright guide apparatuses 113a-c. They each have attachment means 186 at or about one end to enable the mounting support members 171a, 171b to be releasably fixed to a surface, for example, a part of a wind turbine tower. The mounting arrangement 170 further involves a mechanism 190 to extend or contract the portion of mounting support members 171a, 171b located between the attachment means 186 to where it is fixed proximal the upright guide apparatuses 113a-c, i.e., on the upright support members 160a, 160b. In the illustrated embodiment, the mechanism 190 is a rack and pinion whereby the mounting support members 171a is the rack, and the pinion 190a is located proximal the upright support members 160a, 160b and it can be rotated using an auxiliary drive means such as an electrically powered drill (not shown). The mechanism 190 is movably fixed to the upright support member 160a and can be moved up or down along the upright support members 160a, 160b to adjust the distance between the base 116 and the mounting arrangement 170. Rotating the pinion 190a in one direction results in the distance between the attachment means 186 and the point at where the mounting support member 171a is movably fixed proximal the upright guide apparatuses 113a-c being extended, and rotation in the opposite direction results in contraction. The mounting support members 171a further can be fit with a pivot joint 173 as shown in FIGS. 12-17. The pivot join 173 enables further adjustments of the position of the base 116 relative to the structure to which the wind turbine apparatus 101 is mounted. While two mounting support members 171a, 171b are described here it should be understood that one could be used, or more than two as required or desired.

[0405] In use, the bolts of a yaw brake caliper are initially removed as hereinbefore described. Next, the wind turbine apparatus 101 is mounted to the wind turbine via the attachment means 186 on the mounting arrangement 170. The upright guide apparatuses 113a-c are removed from the base 116 by unscrewing them from the driven members 121a-c and lifting them away from the base 116. The upright guide apparatuses 113a-c are then inserted into bolt openings of the yaw brake caliper, and the base 116 is positioned below the upright guide apparatuses 113a-c by operating the mechanism 190 to contract the mounting support members 171a, 171b and making lateral adjustments of the position of the base 116 if necessary via the pivot joint 173 on the mounting arrangement 170. The lower end of the upright guide apparatuses 113a-c are then reattached to the driven members 121a-c and the base 116. The driving member 120 is rotated to raise the platform 102a until it abuts the yaw brake caliper.

[0406] The mechanism 190 to extend the mounting support members 171a, 171b is then operated to move the base 116 in towards the centre of the tower thereby moving the caliper off the brake disk, the platform 102a then bearing the weight of the caliper. The caliper is then lowered by rotating the driving member 120 in an opposite direction and the brake caliper can then easily be inspected or repaired by the workers. The steps are then reversed to reposition the caliper on the brake disk.

[0407] Referring to the drawings and now to FIG. 18, there is provided an automation system indicated generally by the reference numeral 201 for controlling the operation of a wind turbine apparatus 1 in the tower of a wind turbine for performing periodic maintenance and repair of the brake system of the wind turbine. The automation system 201 involving a guide track 220 (see FIGS. 13 and 17) for guiding motion of the wind turbine apparatus 1 around the platform of the tower relative to the brake system. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 13 and 17, the wind turbine apparatus 101 has wheels 183 that are engaged with the track 220 for movement of the wind turbine apparatus 101 along the track. However, any suitable arrangement for travelling along the guide track 220 could be used. At least one of the wheels 183 can further be powered to power movement of the wind turbine apparatus along the track 220. The automation system 201 having an electronic control unit 202 having a memory 203 storing a coordinate system comprising the potential relative positions of all of the components of the wind turbine, the nacelle braking system and the wind turbine apparatus 1, 101 thereby providing a datum for automated control of all components of the wind turbine apparatus 1, 101. The wind turbine apparatus 1, 101 has sensors 204-206 for determining the position of the wind turbine apparatus 1, 101 and component parts thereof relative to the yaw brakes of the wind turbine in which the wind turbine apparatus is installed. More specifically, the sensors 204 to 206 are on the arrangement 41 for mounting the wind turbine apparatus 1 on the wind turbine, the load bearing arrangement 2, 102 and the wind turbine apparatus carriage arrangement. The sensors 204 to 206 provide feedback to the electronic control unit 201 of the automation system of the actual position of these components relative to the wind turbine and the braking system. The wind turbine apparatus 1, 101, more specifically the automation system 201, further comprises electromechanical actuators 207 to 209 operably coupled to the load bearing arrangement 2, 102, the carriage arrangement and the mounting arrangement 41 for moving these components. The actuators 207 to 209 also being operably coupled to and under the control of the electronic control unit 201. The wind turbine apparatus 1, 101, more specifically the automation system 201 further comprises actuators 210, 211 for the drive assembly 11, 120 being operably coupled to the electronic control unit 201.

[0408] Advantageously, the automation of the periodic maintenance of the braking system at the top of the wind turbine means that the costs of this work is dramatically reduced. This is especially significant in offshore wind farms where an operator on a boat can connect in to each wind turbine in turn using telecommunications system 212 to initiate a test of the braking system such as testing the torque of the bolts of the calipers or testing the depth of the calipers via wear sensors 213 on the calipers of the disk brake, the wear sensors 213 of the brake calipers being operably coupled to the ECU 201. Furthermore, the operator on a boat or remotely can connect in to each wind turbine in turn using telecommunications system 212 to view the internal space of the top of the tower as well as the condition of the braking system via one or more cameras 214 mounted on the wind turbine or the wind turbine apparatus 1.

[0409] The automation system 201 further involves the wind turbine apparatus 1, 101 being equipped with an electromagnetic braking system 215 for fixing the location of the wind turbine apparatus 1, 101 carriage relative to the guide track 220. The electromagnetic braking system 215 being operably coupled to the electronic control unit 201 so as to be automatically operated.

[0410] The automation system 201 further involves automating the adaptable utility apparatus 5 and torque wrench assembly 216 of the wind turbine apparatus 1, 101. The automation system 201 has a tool carousel 217 comprising an adaptable utility apparatus 5 and a torque wrench 216 operably coupled to the electronic control unit 201. The tool carousel, the utility apparatus 5 and the torque wrench have position sensors 218 for detecting their position relative to the brake caliper bolts and bolt holes to allow the electronic control unit 201 to position the utility apparatus in the bolt holes and to allow the torque wrench 216 to locate on the bolts to insert, remove and periodically test the torque of the bolts for maintenance.

[0411] In relation to the detailed description of the different embodiments of the invention, it will be understood that one or more technical features of one embodiment can be used in combination with one or more technical features of any other embodiment where the transferred use of the one or more technical features would be immediately apparent to a person of ordinary skill in the art to carry out a similar function in a similar way on the other embodiment.

[0412] In the preceding discussion of the invention, unless stated to the contrary, the disclosure of alternative values for the upper or lower limit of the permitted range of a parameter, coupled with an indication that one of the values is more highly preferred than the other, is to be construed as an implied statement that each intermediate value of the parameter, lying between the more preferred and the less preferred of the alternatives, is itself preferred to the less preferred value and also to each value lying between the less preferred value and the intermediate value.

[0413] The features disclosed in the foregoing description or the following drawings, expressed in their specific forms or in terms of a means for performing a disclosed function, or a method or a process of attaining the disclosed result, as appropriate, may separately, or in any combination of such features be utilised for realising the invention in diverse forms thereof as defined in the appended claims.