Composite glass

Abstract

A flame-retardant composite glass including a plurality of glass panes and a flame-retardant intermediate layer that is arranged between two first glass panes and includes a flame-retardant material that foams or swells up in the event of a fire, as well as an attack-resistant layer having a transparent plastic that is solid at room temperature. The flame-retardant composite glass has, between the first glass panes, an edge compound extending along and around the edges such that a chamber filled with said flame-retardant material is defined by the first glass panes and the edge compound. Between at least one of the first glass panes and the flame-retardant material, a primer layer is arranged that includes a material whose adhesion to the flame-retardant intermediate layer and/or to the glass pane becomes weaker in flame-retardant test conditions than it is in room temperature conditions.

Claims

1. A fire-resistant composite glass, with a plurality of glass panes and with a fire-resistant intermediate layer that is arranged between two first ones of the glass panes and that comprises a fire-resistant mass foaming or swelling in the case of fire, as well as an attack-resistant layer of transparent plastic that is solid at room temperature and arranged parallel to a flat side of one of the plurality of glass panes, wherein the fire-resistant composite glass comprises an edge composite, said edge composite being arranged between the first glass panes and extending peripherally along edges of the first glass panes, in a manner such that a chamber is defined by the first glass planes and the edge composite, wherein said chamber is filled by the fire-resistant mass, and wherein a primer layer is formed of a material whose adhesion to the fire-resistant intermediate layer and/or to the glass pane is reduced at temperatures above 80 C. as compared to adhesion of the primer layer to the fire-resistant intermediate layer and/or to the glass pane under room temperature conditions, said primer layer being arranged between at least one of the first glass panes and the fire-resistant mass.

2. The fire-resistant composite glass according to claim 1, wherein the attack-resistant layer is constructed of polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate.

3. The fire-resistant composite glass according to claim 1, wherein the primer layer is hydrophobic.

4. The fire-resistant composite glass according to claim 1, wherein the primer layer has a softening temperature between 70 C. and 150 C.

5. The fire-resistant composite glass according to claim 1, wherein the edge composite comprises a spacer and a sealing mass.

6. The fire-resistant composite glass according to claim 5, wherein the sealing mass is arranged peripherally with respect to the spacer.

7. The fire-resistant composite glass according to claim 5, wherein the spacer comprises a butyl polymer as an essential constituent.

8. The fire-resistant composite glass according to claim 5, wherein the sealing mass comprises a polysulphide.

9. The fire-resistant composite glass according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a polyvinylbutyl layer arranged parallel to the flat side.

10. The fire-resistant composite glass according to claim 1, wherein an insulation glass edge composite is present between two of the glass panes, said insulation glass edge composite with the two glass panes defining a gas-filled interior, by which means the fire-resistant composite glass is a fire-resistant insulation glass.

11. The fire-resistant composite glass according to claim 1, wherein the fire-resistant composite glass comprises a plurality of fire-resistant intermediate layers separated from one another by way of at least one glass pane, wherein the plurality of fire-resistant intermediate layers are arranged parallel to the flat side.

12. The fire-resistant composite glass according to claim 1, wherein the fire-resistant composite glass comprises a plurality of attack-resistant layers separated from one another by at least one other sheet-like element, wherein the plurality of attack-resistant layers are arranged parallel to the flat side.

13. The fire-resistant composite glass according to claim 1, wherein the attack-resistant layer is arranged between one of the first glass panes and a further glass pane.

14. The fire-resistant composite glass according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the glass panes is formed from prestressed glass.

15. A method for manufacturing a fire-resistant composite glass with a plurality of glass panes and with a fire-resistant intermediate layer that is arranged between two first ones of the glass panes and which is with a fire-resistant mass which foams or swells in the case of fire, as well as with an attack-resistant layer of transparent plastic that is solid at room temperature and arranged parallel to a flat side of one of the plurality of glass panes, wherein the method comprises the following steps: manufacturing a construction as a composite of a glass pane with an attack-resistant layer and a further glass pane, attaching an edge composite that is peripheral along the edge, and a further glass pane, onto a flat side of the construction, filling a cavity between the construction, the further glass pane and the edge composite with a fire-resistant mass and curing the fire-resistant mass, wherein at least one of the glass panes before the filling of the cavity is provided with a primer layer of a material whose adhesion to the fire-resistant intermediate layer and/or to the glass pane reduces at temperatures above 80 C. in comparison to room temperature conditions.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) Embodiment examples of the invention are hereinafter described in more detail by way of figures. The figures are schematic and are not true to scale. The same reference numerals in the figures describe the same or analogous elements. There are shown in:

(2) FIG. 1-5 in each case, a fire-resistant composite glass in cross section; and

(3) FIG. 6 the manufacture of a fire-resistant composite glass, with the example of the embodiment of FIG. 2.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(4) The fire-resistant composite glass according to FIG. 1 comprises two first glass panes 2.1, 2.2 and between these an intermediate layer 3, which foams in the case of fire, wherein these together form a fire-resistant glass composite. A peripheral edge composite is present along the edges and includes a spacer 4 of a butyl polymer as well as an edge seal or sealing 5 of a material that effectively seals the fire-resistant protective layer 3 to the surrounding air. Polysulphide, for example, is considered as a material for the edge seal.

(5) In each case, a primer layer of a polyethylene (PE) wax (in particular a paraffin wax or a wax with C.sub.nH.sub.2n+2 chains with n between 20 and approx. 100) is arranged between the two first glass panes 2.1, 2.2 and the fire-resistant intermediate layer.

(6) The fire-resistant composite glass moreover includes a further intermediate layer 8 of polycarbonate, which serves for attack-resistance. A further glass pane 2.3 terminates the composite glass to the side, which lies at the top in FIG. 1.

(7) An adhesive layer 9 is yet present between the polycarbonate intermediate layer 8 (polycarbonate plate) and the glass panes 2.2, 2.3 adjacent these. A layer in the form of a film or a layer that is deposited in the still flowable condition, and of a thermoplastic or curing plastic, for example based on polyurethane, can serve as an adhesive layer, and any transparent adhesive is considered, in particular adhesives which require no curing temperatures of above 80 C. and whose adhesion effect is present at room temperature (as the case may be after a curing process).

(8) The glass panes 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 can consist of thermally and/or chemically prestressed glass or of other glasses such as float glass, for example, ceramic glass etc. Combinations are possible, for example, by way of only the outer glass panes of the composite glass consisting of prestressed glass.

(9) As is known per se, the fire-resistant glass composite can also include more than two glass panes with a fire-resistant intermediate layer arranged there between. FIG. 2 illustrates a construction that differs from that of FIG. 1 in that three fire-resistant intermediate layers 3 are present, with a corresponding number of glass panes 2.1-2.5 and edge composites 4, 5.

(10) The teaching of the invention applies to constructions with an infinite number of fire-resistant layers. It also applies to constructions, in which yet further elements than merely the intermediately lying glass pane are yet present between the fire-resistant layers, for example the or at least one of the further intermediate layer(s), an insulation layer or another element.

(11) A primer layer 6 is present at each boundary surface between a fire-resistant intermediate layer and a glass pane, in FIG. 1 as well as in FIG. 2 as well as in the subsequently described embodiment examples. This is not a necessity. In contrastwith a plurality of fire-resistant layersa primer layer 6 can also be present only at some fire-resistant layers, and/or a primer layer can also be present only at one side of the fire-resistant layerin particular at the boundary layer to that glass pane, at whose side a break-out of fire is to be expected.

(12) FIG. 3 shows a variant with two intermediate layers 8 of polycarbonate or another suitable material, but also one of the intermediate layers 8 can be constructed of polycarbonate and the other of acrylic glass; and other material combinations are possible.

(13) FIG. 4 shows a design of the fire-resistant composite class as an insulation glass. The composite glass between two of the glass planes 2.3, 2.4 includes an empty space 10 that is filled, for example, with an inert gas or another dry gas. An insulation glass edge composite 11 of the type know for insulation glass hermetically seals the empty space 10.

(14) The fire-resistant composite glass according to FIG. 5 has the following differences to that of FIG. 2 and these can be implemented independently of one another. The intermediate layer (attack-resistant layer) 8 of polycarbonate or PMMA is arranged on the composite at the outer side. Depending on the situation of use, a possible scratch-proof coating 14 is present for this and terminates the composite to the side of the attack-resistant layer. A polyvinyl butyral (PVB) film is arranged between two glass panes 2.4, 2.5 of the fire-resistant composite glass. This, as is known per se, has a high tear resistance and in the case of fire or attack binds the glass shards and with this helps to prevent a total failure.

(15) The features of the described embodiments described here can be combined without further ado: All embodiments can be designed with one or more fire-resistant intermediate layers 3. The different embodiments can be designed with one or more attack-resistant intermediate layers. The different embodiments can be designed as insulation glass. The attack-resistant layer(s) can in each case be arranged between two glass panes, or one of the attack-resistant layers can be arranged lying at the outside, with or without scratch-proof coating. The fire-resistant composite glass can include a PVB film or foil of another material with comparable characteristics.

(16) A first construction as a glass/polycarbonate/glass composite (for example, by autoclaving) is manufactured, for example, for creating a fire-resistant composite glass with a fire-resistant intermediate layer and an attack-resistant layer, in particular of the described type. The spacer is deposited onto a pane of this composite and a counter-pane is subsequently applied thereon (it is also possible to attach the spacer on the counter-pane instead of on the first construction), whereupon one seals to the outside with the edge sealing. The fire-resistant mass is then filled through a filling opening into the chamber which is defined by way of this, and subsequently cured. This, for example, is effected in an oven, for example at normal pressure and for example at approx 90 C. As the case may be, further fire-resistant intermediate layers with an edge composite and glass panes can be applied before the curing (and before or after the filling). A second construction, which already includes several glass panes with an edge composite and an already filled or not yet filled chamber, can also be applied onto the first construction instead of an individual counter-pane, wherein in this case too, the spacer is either present on the first construction or on the second construction.

(17) The step of depositing the edge sealing in the variants of the manufacturing method can also be effected before bringing together the first construction with the counter-pane, which is to say the second construction.

(18) The fire-resistant layer does not have to be heated to temperatures, at which then could foam or bloom, due to the fact that in this method, the first construction is created with the attack-resistant layer and at least one glass pane, before it comes into contact with the fire-resistant intermediate layer. An autoclaving method as a result is also not necessary, by way of which such a foaming/blooming is prevented.