Preparation method of polycarboxylate superplasticizer with carbon dioxide

Abstract

The present invention discloses a preparation method of a polycarboxylate superplasticizer with carbon dioxide, comprising the following steps: (1) preparing a polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer: performing an oxidation-reduction radical polymerization of an unsaturated macromonomer, an unsaturated phenol derivative, a reducing agent, an initiator and a chain transfer agent with different proportions under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer with different molecular weight; adjusting the pH by adding an alkali; (2) preparing a polycarboxylate superplasticizer: performing a Koble-Schmitt reaction between the polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer and a carbon dioxide for a certain time to obtain the polycarboxylate superplasticizer. The polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepared by the method of the present invention retains the advantages of the existing water-reducing admixture of the polyether monomer compounds, and the production process is simple, safe, controllable, less side effect and has a better cost effective and competitive advantage.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a polycarboxylate superplasticizer with carbon dioxide, comprising the following steps: step 1: preparing a polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer: performing an oxidation-reduction radical polymerization of an unsaturated macromonomer, an unsaturated phenol derivative, a reducing agent, an initiator and a chain transfer agent with different proportions under a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 0-50 C., obtaining a novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer with a molecular weight of 20000-80000 g/mol after reacting for 1-3 hours; adjusting a pH of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer to 7-8 by adding an alkali; wherein a molar ratio of the unsaturated macromonomer, unsaturated phenol derivative, reducing agent, initiator and chain transfer agent is 1:(2-6):(0.03-0.05):(0.01-0.05):(0.003-0.005); step 2: preparing a polycarboxylate superplasticizer: performing a Koble-Schmitt reaction between the polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer obtained in step 1 and a carbon dioxide for 1-3 hours at 125-150 C. under an atmospheric pressure of 0.5-1 MPa to obtain the polycarboxylate superplasticizer; wherein a molar ratio of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer to the carbon dioxide is 1:(1.0-1.5).

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a structural formula of the unsaturated phenol derivative is: ##STR00002## wherein in the formula, R1, R2 and R3 are respectively selected from a group consisting of H, methoxyl and C2-C5 unsaturated alkenyl group; wherein one of the R1, R2 and R3 is a C2-C5 unsaturated alkenyl group.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the unsaturated phenol derivative in step 1 is one or more selected from a group consisting of 4-vinylphenol, 2-vinylphenol, 3-vinylphenol and 4-vinyl-2-methoxyl-phenol.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the unsaturated macromonomer in step 1 is selected from a group consisting of unsaturated polyether macromonomer and unsaturated ester macromonomer.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the unsaturated macromonomer in step 1 is one or more selected from a group consisting of acrylic polyethers, methyl acrylic polyethers, 3-methyl-3-butene-1-polyethylene glycol, 2-methyl acrylic polyethers, methoxypolyethylene glycol acrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol monomethyl ether acrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol methacrylate, polyethylene glycol methacrylate and polyethylene glycol acrylate; wherein the molecular weight of the unsaturated macromonomer is 300-8000 g/mol.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the alkali in step 1 is one or more selected from a group consisting of potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the initiator in step 1 is selected from a group consisting of persulfate and peroxide.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the initiator in step 1 is one or more selected from a group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate, sodium persulfate and potassium persulfate.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the chain transfer agent in step 1 is one or more selected from a group consisting of thioglycolic acid, 2-mercaptopropionic acid, mercaptoethanol, 3-mercaptopropionic acid, sodium methacrylate and dodecanethiol.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reducing agent in step 1 is one or more selected from a group consisting of sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, sodium metabisulfite, N, N-dimethylaniline, sodium bisulfite, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, ferrous sulfate, N, N-diethylaniline, ferrous pyrophosphate, tetraethyleneamine and sodium ascorbate.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 IR spectrum of the polycarboxylic superplasticizer obtained in Embodiment 2 (sample 2).

(2) FIG. 2 .sup.1H Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of polycarboxylic superplasticizer obtained in Embodiment 2 (sample 2).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(3) The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.

Embodiment 1

(4) step 1: preparing a polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer: performing an oxidation-reduction radical polymerization of 10 mol acrylic polyethers (1000 g/mol), 20 mol 4-vinylphenol, 0.3 mol sodium bisulfite, 0.4 mol hydrogen peroxide and 0.3 mol thioglycolic acid under a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 30 C., obtaining a novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer with a molecular weight of 20000 g/mol after reacting for 1 hour; adjusting a pH of the Polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer to 7 by adding a potassium hydroxide.

(5) step 2: preparing a polycarboxylate superplasticizer: performing a Koble-Schmitt reaction between 10 mol of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer and 10 mol carbon dioxide for 1.5 hours at 125 C. under an atmospheric pressure of 1 MPa to obtain a polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

Embodiment 2

(6) step 1: preparing a polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer: performing an oxidation-reduction radical polymerization of 10 mol methyl acrylic polyethers (1000 g/mol), 30 mol 2-vinylphenol, 0.35 mol sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, 0.3 mol ammonium persulfate and 0.035 mol 2-mercaptopropionic acid under a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 40 C., obtaining a novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer with a molecular weight of 30000 g/mol after reacting for 1.5 hours; adjusting a pH of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer to 8 by adding a sodium hydroxide.

(7) step 2: preparing a polycarboxylate superplasticizer: performing a Koble-Schmitt reaction between 10 mol of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer and 11 mol carbon dioxide for 1 hour at 130 C. under an atmospheric pressure of 0.9 MPa to obtain a polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

Embodiment 3

(8) step 1: preparing a polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer: performing an oxidation-reduction radical polymerization of 10 mol 3-methyl-3-butene-1-polyethylene glyco, 40 mol 3-vinylphenol, 0.4 mol sodium metabisulfite, 0.5 mol sodium persulfate and 0.04 mol mercaptoethanol under a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 30 C., obtaining a novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer with a molecular weight of 40000 g/mol after reacting for 2 hours; adjusting a pH of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer to 7 by adding a potassium hydroxide.

(9) step 2: preparing a polycarboxylate superplasticizer: performing a Koble-Schmitt reaction between 10 mol of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer and 12 mol carbon dioxide for 3 hours at 135 C. under an atmospheric pressure of 0.8 MPa to obtain a polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

Embodiment 4

(10) step 1: preparing a polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer: performing an oxidation-reduction radical polymerization of 10 mol methoxypolyethylene glycol methacrylate, 50 mol 4-vinyl-2-methoxyl-phenol, 0.45 mol N, N-dimethylaniline, 0.4 mol potassium persulfate and 0.045 mol 3-mercaptopropionic acid under a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 20 C., obtaining a novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer with a molecular weight of 70000 g/mol after reacting for 3 hours; adjusting a pH of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer to 8 by adding a potassium hydroxide.

(11) step 2: preparing a novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer: performing a Koble-Schmitt reaction between 10 mol of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer and 13 mol carbon dioxide for 2.5 hours at 140 C. under an atmospheric pressure of 0.5 MPa to obtain a polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

Embodiment 5

(12) step 1: preparing a polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer: performing an oxidation-reduction radical polymerization of 10 mol methoxypolyethylene glycol acrylate, 60 mol 3-vinylphenol, 0.5 mol sodium bisulfite, 0.2 mol hydrogen peroxide and 0.05 mol sodium methacrylate under a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 10 C., obtaining a novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer with a molecular weight of 50000 g/mol after reacting for 1 hour; adjusting a pH of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer to 7 by adding a potassium hydroxide.

(13) step 2: preparing a novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer: performing a Koble-Schmitt reaction between 10 mol of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer and 14 mol carbon dioxide for 2 hours at 145 C. under an atmospheric pressure of 0.7 MPa to obtain a polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

Embodiment 6

(14) step 1: preparing a polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer: performing an oxidation-reduction radical polymerization of 10 mol polyethylene glycol acrylate, 45 mol 4-vinyl-2-methoxyl-phenol, 0.3 mol sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, 0.3 mol ammonium persulfate and 0.03 mol dodecanethiol under a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 50 C., obtaining a novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer with a molecular weight of 50000 g/mol after reacting for 2.5 hours; adjusting a pH of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer to 8 by adding a sodium hydroxide.

(15) step 2: preparing a novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer: performing a Koble-Schmitt reaction between 10 mol of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer and 15 mol carbon dioxide for 1.5 hours at 150 C. under an atmospheric pressure of 0.6 MPa to obtain a polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

Embodiment 7

(16) step 1: preparing a polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer: performing an oxidation-reduction radical polymerization of 10 mol polyethylene glycol methacrylate, 35 mol 2-vinylphenol, 0.5 mol sodium ascorbate, 0.1 mol potassium persulfate and 0.04 mol 3-mercaptopropionic acid under a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 0 C., obtaining a novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer with a molecular weight of 80000 g/mol after reacting for 3 hours; adjusting a pH of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer to 7 by adding a potassium hydroxide.

(17) step 2: preparing a novel polycarboxylate superplasticizer: performing a Koble-Schmitt reaction between 10 mol of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepolymer and 10 mol carbon dioxide for 1 hour at 125 C. under an atmospheric pressure of 0.5 MPa to obtain a polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

(18) Performance Testing

(19) 1. Paste Fluidity Test:

(20) The samples obtained in Embodiments 1-7 are subjected to a paste fluidity test with reference to GB8077-2000 Homogenization Test Method for Concrete Admixtures. The W/C is 0.29. The dosage of the admixture is 0.15% of the cement by weight. There is almost no 5 h loss.

(21) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 The paste fluidity of different samples and the time-loss Paste Fluidity/mm Sample Dosage 0 h 0.5 h 1 h 1 0.15% 224 207 180 2 225 205 184 3 234 210 194 4 223 206 181 5 233 205 186 6 227 209 179 7 232 216 192

(22) 2. The Concrete Performance Test:

(23) The samples obtained in Embodiments 1-7 are subjected to a slump loss and concrete strength test with reference to GB8076-2008 Concrete Admixtures. When the dosage of the admixture is 1.8 wt % (compared to the cement used), the compressive strength increased by more than 85% in 3 days, the compressive strength increased by more than 70% in 7 days, and the compressive strength increased by more than 75% in 28 days.

(24) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 The concrete collapsibility and mechanical properties of different samples Slump (mm)/ Mechanical Properties/ Slump Flow(mm) MPa Sample Dosage 0 h 1 h 3 d 7 d 28 d 1 1.8% 220/505 185/475 22.7 34.7 38.8 2 215/530 195/495 24.8 34.7 38.5 3 200/520 185/485 25.6 33.5 39.3 4 210/525 185/485 24.8 34.5 38.7 5 220/535 195/490 24.8 33.8 37.9 6 215/530 200/505 25.7 33.6 39.7 7 220/530 195/505 23.5 34.7 38.8

(25) 3. Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of the Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer Obtained in Embodiment 2 (Sample 2).

(26) Dry the polycarboxylate superplasticizer obtained in Embodiment 2 (sample 2) to a constant weight and mix the sample with KBr powder to make tablets. Place the tablets under VERTEX70-type Fourier infrared spectrometer of German Bruker to make a record of infrared spectrum.

(27) From IR spectrum in FIG. 1, in the IR spectrum of the synthesized polycarboxylic superplasticizer obtained in Embodiment 2 (sample 2), the stretching vibration peaks of CH on benzene ring are located in 3024 cm.sup.1, 3060 cm.sup.1, 3082 cm.sup.1. Saturated stretching vibration peaks of CH and CH.sub.2 are located in 2092 cm.sup.1, 2849 cm.sup.1. The skeleton vibration peak of benzene ring is located in 1600 cm.sup.1, the in-plane bending vibration peak of CH on benzene ring is located in 1494 cm.sup.1, and the absorption peak of COC ether bond of the long chain of polyether side chain polyoxyethylene is located in 1093 cm.sup.1 and its stretching peak is located in 2866 cm.sup.1 and the CH vibration peak in the methyl group and the main chain methyl group in the side chain phosphate of the structure located in 1380 cm.sup.1.

(28) 4. H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (H NMR) Analysis of the Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer Obtained in Embodiment 2 (Sample 2).

(29) Dry the polycarboxylate superplasticizer obtained in Embodiment 2 (sample 2) to a constant weight and dissolve into heavy water. After totally dissolved, pour the solution into a nuclear magnetic tube and put it under ARX-400-type nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer of German Bruker to make a record of .sup.1HNMR spectrum.

(30) From FIG. 2, chemical displacement peak value around 1.2 ppm is a hydrogen from the methyl group on the backbone, chemical displacement peak value ranging from 1.5 to 2.0 ppm is a hydrogen from the methylene on the backbone chain, and chemical displacement peak value ranging from 2.0 to 2.5 ppm is a hydrogen from the methylene on the backbone. The peak also proved that all kinds of monomers have been synthesized into the macromolecular structure of superplasticizer (sample 2). The highest peak around 3.6 ppm is the hydrogen of the long-chain methylene group in the polyoxyethylene chain, and therefore it contains a large number of methylene groups in its structure. The peak around 7.1 ppm is a hydrogen on the benzene ring and the hydrogen chemical displacement peak value of the methylene group attached to the benzene ring is around 5.4 ppm.