Speed reducing equipment with torque splitter, and casing thereof

Abstract

Speed reducing equipment with a torque splitter, and casing used in all types of industrial plants for processing organic or inorganic raw materials. The speed reducer with torque splitting includes four metallic overlapping casing parts having three joint faces between the overlapping casing parts, the three joint faces parallel and horizontals and passing through shaft center lines of a rotating system containable within the casing.

Claims

1. A speed reducer with torque splitting comprising: a casing comprising three overlapping metallic casing parts having holes: first, second and third metallic casing parts, each presenting vertical walls provided with ribs; roller bearings disposed in the holes of the casing parts; and rotatable shafts contained within the casing, each rotatable shaft having a shaft center line being the axis of rotation of the shaft; the speed reducer attached to a foundation surface; wherein one of the rotatable shafts is an inlet pinion shaft with two dentates, each dentate has a helix direction different from one another; wherein the closing between the first and second casing parts forms an inclined planar surface with regard to the foundation surface; wherein the closing between the second and third casing parts is formed by three planar surfaces, two of which are parallel with the foundation surface, and the other of which is orthogonal with the foundation surface; and wherein each shaft center line lies on one of: the inclined planar surface between the first and second casing parts; and the two planar surfaces between the second and third casing parts parallel with the foundation surface.

2. The speed reducer of claim 1 further comprising a modular oil system.

3. The speed reducer of claim 1 further comprising alloy steel rods, each rod comprising an elongate body with a diameter smaller than each end of a rod, the ends of each rod comprising threads.

4. The speed reducer of claim 1 further comprising a pair of alloy steel washers with spherical surfaces having the same geometry and the same radius, wherein one surface is concave and the other surface is convex.

5. The speed reducer of claim 1 further comprising steel alloy, cylindrical shaped eccentric bushings, each with an eccentricity, wherein a cylinder center line of each bushing is lagged of the eccentricity.

6. The speed reducer of claim 1 further comprising a hydraulic sack allowing a pressure oil injection, including holes in a gear body side, wherein each hole meets a gear inner diameter in an inner circular channel, enabling an oil film formation, and allowing the slippage of a gear on one of the rotatable shafts.

7. The speed reducer of claim 1 further comprising leveling plates having a surface roughness equal or smaller than 3.2 m.

8. A speed reducer with torque splitting comprising: a casing assembly comprising four casings and three joint faces, attachment rods and spherical washers; rotatable shafts contained within the casing assembly, each rotatable shaft having a shaft center line being the axis of rotation of the shaft; a modular hydraulic system comprising four modules, one each for only one of the casings; and an attachment system for attaching the speed reducer to a foundation surface; wherein one of the rotatable shafts is an inlet pinion shaft with a spur gear located between two dentates, wherein the two dentates of the inlet pinion shaft transfer torque to two other of the rotatable shafts at the same time, and in order to divide the torque, each dentate has a helix direction different from one another; and wherein the four casings comprise four metallic overlapping casings having one of the three joint faces between each of the overlapping casings, a first joint face between a first casing and a second casing, a second joint face between the second casing and a third casing, and a third joint face between the third casing and a fourth casing, the three joint faces parallel and passing through shaft center lines, the casings assembled and fixed via the attachment rods and spherical washers.

9. The speed reducer of claim 8, wherein at least one attachment rod of the attachment rods of the casing assembly comprises an alloy steel rod with an elongate body between two ends, with the elongate body having a diameter smaller than each end, the ends comprising threads.

10. The speed reducer of claim 8, wherein the washers are alloy steel washers with spherical surfaces, one surface is concave and the other surface is convex.

11. The speed reducer of claim 8 further comprising steel alloy, cylindrical shaped eccentric bushings, each with an eccentricity, wherein a cylinder center line of each bushing is lagged of the eccentricity.

12. The speed reducer of claim 8 further comprising an hydraulic sack in a helical gear allowing a pressure oil injection, including holes in a gear body side, wherein each hole meets a gear inner diameter in an inner circular channel, enabling an oil film formation, and allowing the slippage of the helical gear on one of the rotatable shafts.

13. The speed reducer of claim 8, wherein the attachment system comprises carbon steel leveling plates having a surface roughness equal or smaller than 3.2 m and a maximum flatness tolerance in the same surface of 0.02 mm.

14. The speed reducer of claim 8, wherein the casings present vertical walls provided with ribs.

15. The speed reducer of claim 8, wherein in order to equally divide the torque, the dentates are milled in the inlet pinion shaft, the dentates identical to one another except each having a helix direction different from one another.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) Complementing the present description of the Specification and aiming at obtaining a better understanding of the characteristics of the present patent, a set of accompanying drawings is attached thereto representing one preferred application for the new constructive provision introduced to speed reducer equipment, where:

(2) FIG. 1 is a representation in elevation view of the improved casing component, object of claim;

(3) FIG. 2 is a representation in cross-section view of the speed reducer equipment receiving the claim object improvements; evidencing the four parts composing the improved casing;

(4) FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D are representations in orthogonal cross view of the speed reducer equipment receiving the claim object improvements; evidencing the four parts composing the improved casing;

(5) FIG. 4 is a representation in elevation view of the improved threaded bar component;

(6) FIG. 5 is a representation in elevation and cross-section views of the improved pair of washer's component with spherical surfaces;

(7) FIG. 6 is a representation in elevation view of the improved eccentric bushing component;

(8) FIG. 7 is a representation in orthogonal cross view that shows a cut section of the improved casing component along the line 7-7 in FIG. 1;

(9) FIG. 8 is a representation in orthogonal cross view that shows a cut section of the improved casing component along the line 8-8 in FIG. 1;

(10) FIG. 9 is a representation in orthogonal cross detailed exploded view of the detail shown in FIG. 7 of the gear component, evidencing its constructiveness in this region;

(11) FIGS. 10A, 10B are representations in orthogonal cross longitudinal and elevation views of the leveling plate component, composing the improved attachment system of the speed reducer;

(12) FIG. 11 is a representation in elevation view of the speed reducer installed, evidencing details of how the speed reducer with torque splitter is attached to its base.

(13) FIG. 12 represents a front perspective view of the speed reducer equipment model with the improved casing claimed;

(14) FIG. 13 represents a subsequent perspective view of the speed reducer equipment model with the improved casing claimed;

(15) FIG. 14 represents a subsequent view of the speed reducer equipment model with the improved casing claimed;

(16) FIG. 15 represents a front view of the speed reducer equipment model with the improved casing claimed;

(17) FIG. 16 represents a side view of the speed reducer equipment model with the improved casing claimed;

(18) FIG. 17 represents another side view of the speed reducer equipment model with the improved casing claimed;

(19) FIG. 18 represents an elevation view of the speed reducer equipment model with the improved casing claimed;

(20) FIG. 19 represents a lower view of the speed reducer equipment model with the improved casing claimed;

(21) FIG. 20 represents a side view of the improved casing claimed model; and

(22) FIG. 21 represents an exploded side view of the improved casing claimed model.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(23) To facilitate an understanding of the principles and features of the various embodiments of the invention, various illustrative embodiments are explained below. Although exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in detail, it is to be understood that other embodiments are contemplated. Accordingly, it is not intended that the invention is limited in its scope to the details of construction and arrangement of components set forth in the following description or examples. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or carried out in various ways. Also, in describing the exemplary embodiments, specific terminology will be resorted to for the sake of clarity.

(24) It must also be noted that, as used in the specification and the appended claims, the singular forms a, an and the include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, reference to a component is intended also to include composition of a plurality of components. References to a composition containing a constituent is intended to include other constituents in addition to the one named.

(25) Also, in describing the exemplary embodiments, terminology will be resorted to for the sake of clarity. It is intended that each term contemplates its broadest meaning as understood by those skilled in the art and includes all technical equivalents which operate in a similar manner to accomplish a similar purpose.

(26) Ranges may be expressed herein as from about or approximately or substantially one particular value and/or to about or approximately or substantially another particular value. When such a range is expressed, other exemplary embodiments include from the one particular value and/or to the other particular value.

(27) Similarly, as used herein, substantially free of something, or substantially pure, and like characterizations, can include both being at least substantially free of something, or at least substantially pure, and being completely free of something, or completely pure.

(28) By comprising or containing or including is meant that at least the named compound, element, particle, or method step is present in the composition or article or method, but does not exclude the presence of other compounds, materials, particles, method steps, even if the other such compounds, material, particles, method steps have the same function as what is named.

(29) It is also to be understood that the mention of one or more method steps does not preclude the presence of additional method steps or intervening method steps between those steps expressly identified. Similarly, it is also to be understood that the mention of one or more components in a composition does not preclude the presence of additional components than those expressly identified.

(30) The materials described as making up the various elements of the invention are intended to be illustrative and not restrictive.

(31) The following detailed description must be read and interpreted with reference to FIGS. 1 to 11, representing a preferred application form for the improvements introduced to speed reducer equipment applied, not being intended to limit the invention scope, but limited only to the explained in the set of claims.

(32) Constructive concept: The quadripartite casing (four parts) according to FIG. 1 is composed of lower (or first) casing 111, intermediate lower (or second) casing 112, intermediate upper (or third) casing 113 and upper (or fourth) casing 114, and three joint faces JF parallel and horizontal passing through the shafts center lines 230 of the rotating system of shafts. The main bearings are supported in the bearings block 115.

(33) In turn, such as evidenced in FIGS. 2 and 3 respectively, the modular oil system 134, where in the FIG. 2 is disclosed the speed reducer with torque splitter assembled and in the FIG. 3 is disclosed the first through fourth casing parts 111, 112, 113 and 114, each with its respective modular oil system 134.

(34) FIG. 4 shows the threaded bar 116 used, manufactured in high alloy steel benefited, with the two fine type threaded ends 116b and 116c obtained through cold-lamination, and the elongate body 116a with diameter slightly smaller.

(35) FIG. 5 shows the pair of washers Ar with spherical surfaces, manufactured in high alloy steel, where the two spherical surfaces are polished and have the same geometry and the same radius R, however it is concave and the other is convex. Note in the FIG. 1 the installation place of the spherical pairs of washers Ar.

(36) FIG. 6 shows the eccentric bushing 119 with eccentricity e, being a piece manufactured in alloy steel, with cylindrical shape, being that, however the cylinder center lines lagged of eccentricity e.

(37) FIG. 7 shows the use of two eccentric bushings 119 with eccentricity e in the bearing bores of the upper shaft 210 and of the lower shaft 211 of the torque splitter.

(38) It is important to highlight that FIG. 7 shows in the gear 212 and in the gear 213 machined holes and channels known as high pressure oil injection system.

(39) In the FIG. 9 the high pressure oil injection system is shown in details. It is possible to note that through the holes 222 machined in the gear body side, being that each hole meets the gear inner diameter in the inner circular channel 224, it is possible to inject oil in high pressure, and due to the oil film 228 which is formed between the gear and the shaft the gear inner diameter 226 allowing the gear slippage (rotating movement) on the shaft. This slippage is useful to disassemble the gear from the shaft and to ensure that the pinion 226 is in contact with the gear 219 at the same time as the left helix pinion 215 and the right helix pinion 216 are in contact with the gear 212 and an inlet pinion shaft 214 is in the central position in relation to the casings 112 and 113.

(40) FIG. 8 shows the constructive form of the inlet pinion shaft 214 of the torque splitter, that is manufactured in forged steel, with two identical helical teeth milled in the shaft, being the only difference the helix direction, being one left helix pinion 215, while the other is right helix pinion 216. Between these two helical pinions 215, 216 a spurs gear 217 is assembled.

(41) The other characteristic is that the inlet pinion shaft 214 of the torque splitter is supported by cylindrical roller bearings 218, which do not restrict the shaft axial displacement, where in the FIG. 8 can be characterized that the engaging stage previous to the torque splitter, is constituted of a spurs pinion shaft 219 and spurs gear 217.

(42) FIG. 10 illustrates representative examples of one of the eight leveling plates 221 manufactured in structural carbon steel machined with special characteristics: surface finishing of 3.2 m of roughness Ra on the surface 221a, and flatness tolerance on this same surface 221a of 0.02 mm.

(43) FIG. 11 shows details of how the speed reducer with torque splitter is fixed to its base. The purpose of these special characteristics mentioned above is ensuring that, when the pieces are fixed on the concrete base with the surface 221a upwards, through anchors 229 according to standard DIN 529, and supported in the nuts 223 of the anchor, an admissible leveling error among the eight leveling plates is obtained (measured with a laser leveling instrument). This accurate leveling ensures an adequate distribution of the speed reducer with torque splitter weight in its base, through eight leveling plates 221. The speed reducer fixation to the base is performed through threaded bars 236.

(44) The following detailed description must be read and interpreted with reference to FIGS. 12 to 21, representing a preferred application form for the improvement introduced in casing applied to speed reducer equipment, not being intended to limit the invention scope, but limited only to the explained in the set of claims.

(45) Constructive concept: such as shown through FIGS. 1 to 10, the reducer equipment shows the casing subsystem composed by:

(46) 1. Upper casing 1 formed by a cast iron or steel body 1a which vertical walls are flat, being two lateral, a left and a right, provided with a lower closing rim Af1 leaned regarding the surface 3g and defined in all the contour of the lower part of 1. The sidewalls show reduced thickness, being that on its external surfaces are defined ribs 1b, which function is increase the structural rigidity, and along the closing rim in these same lateral is defined a set of three cavities 1c, see FIGS. 20 and 21, each one in the circumference arc shape, which function is house and support the reducer roller bearings.

(47) In turn, its upper face is defined by two planes in angle to each are attached lids 6 and 7, see FIG. 18, where in particular it is assembled an orthogonal and central position to the lid 6, a breather 4 with a filter, which function is allow the internal cavity pressure equalization with the external environment. Such breather can be alternatively installed on the lid 7.

(48) 2. Intermediate casing 2: has defined a body 2a composed of flat vertical walls, being two lateral, a left and a right, being that along these is defined a plurality of ribs 2b, limited by body upper and lower ends 2a.

(49) In the body upper end 2a is defined a closing rim Af2 developing in all the body contour 2a where along this closing rim is defined a set of three cavities 2c, see FIGS. 9 and 10, each in the form of circumference arc, which function is house and support the reducer roller bearings. In this case is especially relevant the fact that the closing rim Af2 shows identical geometry to the closing rim Af1 of the upper casing 1, as well as three cavities 2c are complementary of the three cavities 1c.

(50) In the body lower end 2a are defined two closing rims Af3a and Af3b parallel and vertically spaced to each other, developing in all the body lower contour 2a, where to these are defined a small cavity 2dc (the cavity can be replaced by a protrusion 2dp if it is not necessary support for bearing in this region), a middle cavity 2e and a greater cavity 2f, all with circumference arc, which function is house and support the roller bearings of the rotating system.

(51) 3. Lower casing 3: has defined a body 3a provided with flat vertical walls, being two laterals, one left and one right, being that along these is defines a plurality of rims 3b, limited by body upper and lower ends 3a, where in its upper end are defined two closing rims Af4a and Af4b parallel and vertically spaced to each other, developing in all the body upper contour 3a, where from these are defined a small cavity 3dc (the cavity can be replaced by a protrusion 3dp if it is not necessary support for bearing in this region), a middle cavity 3e and a greater cavity 3f, all with circumference arc, which function is house and support the roller bearings of the reducer. In this case is especially relevant the fact that the closing rims Af4a and Af4b show identical geometry of those closing rims Af3a and Af3b, respectively, of the intermediate casing 2, as well as the cavity 3dc or small protrusion 3dp, the middle cavity 3e and the greater cavity 3f are cavity complementary 2dc or of the small protrusion 2dp, of the middle cavity 2e and of the greater cavity 2f, respectively. In addition to the body lower end part 3a is defined a plan base 3g, as well as in its posterior face a lid 15 is attached.

(52) Improved Casing Assembly:

(53) a. Preliminarily in the lower casing interior 3 is assembled part of the rotating system and part of the roller bearings, where specifically the output shaft 5 bearing is assembled overlapping the greater cavity 3f, see FIGS. 5 and 6 respectively;

(54) b. An intermediate casing 2 is positioned and aligned on the lower casing 3, such that the greater cavity 3f stays aligned with the greater cavity 2f, as well as the closing rims Af3a and Af3b are positioned adjacent to the closing rims Af4a and Af4b, respectively;

(55) c. The attachment between the lower casing 3 and the intermediate casing 2 is made by applying a plurality of attachment elements (bolts, nuts and pins), in all closing rims contour Af3a and Af4a, and Af3b and Af4b, respectively;

(56) d. The rotating system remaining is assembled and supported by an intermediate casing 2;

(57) e. The upper casing 1 is positioned and aligned on the intermediate casing 2, such that the closing rim Af1 is positioned adjacent to the closing rim Af2;

(58) f. The attachment between the intermediate casing 2 and the upper casing 1 is made by applying a plurality of attachment elements (bolts, nuts and pins), in all closing rims contour Af1 and Af2;

(59) g. Application of plates and lids: in the cavities joint region 1c and 2c are installed in both sides of the circular lids reducer 9, 10 and 11 that are attached through a plurality of attachment elements (bolts); in the constructive variation wherein the inlet shaft 16 is located in the cavities joint region 2dc and 3dc and where only a bearing for the shaft is supported in the casing side and outer face (the other bearing is supported internally to the casing), a circular lid 12 is used and attached by a plurality of attachment elements (bolts) in the cavities joint region 2dc and 3dc, that remains at the same inlet shaft side 16, and in the side opposite to the inlet shaft 16 has a protrusion defined by 2dp and 3dp; in the constructive variation wherein the inlet shaft 16 is located in the cavities joint region 2dc and 3dc and where both bearings for the shaft are supported in the side faces and external to the casing, two circular lids are used (one in each reducer side), being that the lid 12 used at the same side of the inlet shaft has central hole for shaft passage, and the lid used in the side opposite to the inlet shaft does not have a central hole. The lids are then attached to the casing by a plurality of attachment elements (bolts); in the constructive variation wherein the inlet shaft 12 is located in the cavities small joint region 1c and 2c, then, both sides of the reducer have the protrusion defined by 2dp and 3dp (in replacement to the cavities 2dc and 3dc), and in this way the lid 12 is not used, and the lid 11 in the reducer side containing the inlet shaft 16 is characterized by having a central hole for the shaft passage; in the medium cavities joint region 2e and 3e are installed in both sides of the reducer circular lids 8, where in the peripheral region of this lid outer diameter is defined a plurality of attachment elements (bolts); in the greater cavities joint region 2f and 3f in the side opposite to the output shaft 5 is attached a circular lid 17, where in the peripheral region of this lid outer diameter is defined a plurality of attachment elements (bolts). In the same side of the output shaft 5 is installed a two-part lid 18 where in all its contour is also defined a plurality of attachment elements (bolts).

(60) The choice of the preferred application for improvements introduced in constructive concept of the casing; in the assembly system of the casing; in the rotating system; in the hydraulic system and finally in the attachment system of the speed reducer in the industrial plant foundation, claim object of this record, described in this topic detailing the invention, is provided only as an example. Changes, modifications and variations can be made for any other application for the improvements claimed, disclosed and cited by those skilled in the art without however differ from the object disclosed in the application of the present invention, which is defined solely by the appended claims.

(61) It is substantiated by what has been described and illustrated that the IMPROVEMENT INTRODUCED TO SPEED REDUCING EQUIPMENT WITH TORQUE SPLITTER, AND CASING THEREOF thus claimed meet the standards governing the patent in light of the Industrial Property Law, deserving by what was exposed and as a consequence, the respective privilege.