TRIDIRECTIONAL LAID SCRIMS FOR REINFORCEMENT PURPOSES

Abstract

A triaxial laid scrim includes a first, second and third set of continuous fibers. The fibers of each set are regularly spaced apart and are parallel to each other. The fibers of the first set are parallel to the warp direction or to the weft direction of the scrim. The fibers of the second set and the third set are oriented symmetrically to each other, respectively at an angle of 30-80 with respect to the fibers of the first set. Distances between the fibers of the second set and the fibers of the third set are identical. The fibers of the second set cross the fibers of the third set at the intersection thereof with the fibers of the first set, thereby defining regular openings having an isosceles triangle shape. The fibers are coated and attached to each other by a coating that does not fill-up the triangle-shaped openings.

Claims

1. A triaxial laid scrim, comprising: a first set, a second set and a third set of continuous fibers, wherein the fibers of each set of fibers are regularly spaced apart and are parallel to each other, the fibers of the first set of fibers are parallel to the warp direction (machine direction) or to the weft direction (cross-machine direction) of the scrim, the fibers of the second set of fibers and the fibers of the third set of fibers are oriented symmetrically to each other, respectively at an angle () and (+) of between 30 and 80 with respect to the fibers of the first set of fibers, a distance between the fibers of the second set of fibers is identical to a distance between the fibers of the third set of fibers, the fibers of the second set of fibers cross the fibers of the third set of fibers at the intersection thereof with the fibers of the first set of fibers, thereby defining regular openings having the shape of isosceles triangles, and the fibers are coated and attached to each other by means of a coating that does not fill-up the triangle-shaped openings.

2. The triaxial laid scrim according to claim 1, wherein the fibers of the second and third set of fibers are oriented respectively at an angle () and (+) of about 60, with respect to the fibers of the first set of fibers, thereby defining openings having the shape of equilateral triangles.

3. The triaxial laid scrim according to claim 1, wherein the fibers of the first set of fibers are divided into a first subset of fibers and a second subset of fibers, each subset of fibers forming a separate layer of fibers.

4. The triaxial laid scrim according to claim 3, comprising the following four layers of fibers, a first layer consisting of the fibers of the first subset of the first set of fibers, a second layer consisting of the fibers of the second set of fibers, a third layer consisting of the fibers of the third set of fibers, and a fourth layer of fibers consisting of the fibers of the first subset of the first set of fibers.

5. The triaxial laid scrim according to claim 1, wherein the distances between the regularly spaced apart parallel fibers of the first, second and third set of fibers are between 3 mm and 30 mm, said distances being defined as the distance between the central axes of two adjacent fibers of the same set of fibers.

6. The triaxial laid scrim according to claim 1, wherein the fibers are selected from a group consisting of mineral fibers, aramid fibers and carbon fibers.

7. The triaxial laid scrim according to claim 1, wherein the fibers are coated with an organic polymer coating.

8. The triaxial laid scrim according to claim 1, having a surface weight of between 50 g/m.sup.2 and 600 g/m.sup.2.

9. The triaxial laid scrim according to claim 1, wherein the fibers of the first set of fibers are parallel to the warp direction of the scrim.

10. The triaxial laid scrim according to claim 1, having an openness, defined as a ratio of a total surface of the openings to a total surface of the laid scrim, of between 50% and 80%.

11. The triaxial laid scrim according to claim 1, comprising less than 10% of simple intersections with respect to a total number of simple intersections and triple cross-points.

12. A textile product comprising: the triaxial laid scrim according to claim 1.

13. A method of reinforcing a solid material, comprising embedding triaxial laid scrim according to claim 1 into a viscous base material, and then hardening the viscous base material.

14. A hydraulically bound solid product or material comprising: the triaxial laid scrim according to claim 1.

15. The hydraulically bound solid product or material according to claim 14, selected from a group consisting of a wall, a floor, a panel, a profile, a slab, a pipe, a tube, a corner, and a surface render of an external thermal insulation complex system (ETICS).

16. The triaxial laid scrim according to claim 1, wherein the distances between the regularly spaced apart parallel fibers of the first, second and third set of fibers are between 8 mm and 15 mm, said distances being defined as the distance between the central axes of two adjacent fibers of the same set of fibers.

17. The triaxial laid scrim according to claim 1, wherein the fibers are coated with an elastomer coating.

18. The triaxial laid scrim according to claim 1, having a surface weight of between 130 g/m.sup.2 and 200 g/m.sup.2.

19. The triaxial laid scrim according to claim 10, wherein the openness is between 60% and 75%.

20. The triaxial laid scrim according to claim 11, comprising less than 2% of the simple intersections.

Description

[0060] The present invention is now described in detail with reference to the attached drawings wherein

[0061] FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a laid scrim of the present invention;

[0062] FIG. 2 is second embodiment of a laid scrim of the present invention;

[0063] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the laid scrim of FIG. 2;

[0064] FIG. 4 is a third embodiment of a laid scrim of the present invention,

[0065] FIG. 5 is a forth embodiment of a laid scrim of the present invention.

[0066] In the laid scrim depicted at FIG. 1, the fibers of the first set of fibers 1a,1b are weft fibers and are parallel to the cross-machine direction. A first set of bias fibers 2 is oriented at an angle + of 60 with respect to the fibers of the first set of fibers. A second set of bias fibers 3 is oriented at an angle of 60 with respect to the fibers of the first set of fibers. The distance between the parallel fibers of each set of fibers is identical in all three sets of fibers. All intersections are triple cross-points, i.e. intersections of three fibers. All openings exhibit a shape of equilateral triangles.

[0067] The first set of fibers comprises a first subset of fibers 1a and a second subset of fibers 1b, the fibers of the first and second subsets being located in different layers of the laid scrim.

[0068] The scrim of FIG. 2 is identical to the scrim of FIG. 1 except for the fact that the fibers 1a,1b are warp fibers oriented in the machine direction.

[0069] The perspective view of FIG. 3 shows the four-layer structure of the laid scrim of the present invention: [0070] an undermost first layer made of warp fibers 1b, [0071] a second layer made of bias fibers 2, [0072] a third layer made of bias fibers 3, and [0073] a uppermost forth layer made of warp fibers 1a,
the warp fibers of the first and fourth layers all being parallel to each other.

[0074] FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a laid scrim of the present invention where is about 45. The resulting openings are right angle isosceles.

[0075] FIG. 5 shows an embodiment where is significantly higher than 60 resulting in openings having a shape of acute isosceles.