Method of cutting openings in flat, concave, converging, and convex surfaces, and welding flat, concave, converging, and convex surfaces of a workpiece

Abstract

A method of cutting openings in flat, concave, convex, and converging surfaces, in which the geometry of the outline of the element to be welded into the workpiece is measured, while subsequently an electronic control unit of the device uses the measurement data to plot the path of the cutting tool, and the IMCM device is placed onto the work surface, where the geometry of the work surface is measured using a scanning system, cutting parameters are automatically entered into the control unit based on the measurement results, the surface is heated and cut along the selected path, the cut-out part of the surface is removed, and the edges of the cut-out opening are grinded.

Claims

1. The method of cutting openings in flat, concave, convex, and converging surfaces, in which the geometry of the outline of the element to be welded into the workpiece is measured, while subsequently an electronic control unit of the device uses the measurement data to plot the path of the cutting tool, and the IMCM device is placed onto the work surface, characterized in that: 1) the geometry of the work surface is measured using a scanning system; 2) cutting parameters are automatically entered into the control unit based on the measurement results; 3) the surface is heated and cut along the selected path; 4) the cut-out part of the surface is removed; 5) the edges of the cut-out opening are grinded.

2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the scanning system carries out measurements using machine vision system (4) or laser beams so as to measure the distance from the workpiece to the sensor (11).

3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that after cutting the opening out, before commencing the next work processes, a subsequent measurement of the work surface geometry is made.

4. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that if there is a deviation from the established path of the tool movement, the path of the tool movement is adjusted in the tool axis and/or in the plane perpendicular to the tool axis in a direction normal to the edge of the cut workpiece.

5. The method of welding flat, concave, convex, and converging surfaces of a workpiece, in which the geometry of the outline of the element to be welded into the workpiece is measured, while subsequently an electronic control unit of the device uses the measurement data to plot the path of the welding tool, and the IMCM device is placed onto the work surface, characterized in that: 1) the geometry of the work surface is measured using a scanning system; 2) welding parameters are automatically entered into the control unit based on the measurement results; 3) the position of the tip of the welding tool relative to the workpiece is identified, in particular in relation of the frame and the weld joint; 4) the workpiece is heated and welded along the established path.

6. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the scanning system carries out measurements using machine vision system (4) or laser beams so as to measure the distance from the workpiece to the sensor (11).

7. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the welding process is accompanied with real-time tracking of the welding path.

8. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that if there is a deviation from the established path of the tool movement, the path of the tool is movement is adjusted in the tool axis and/or in the plane perpendicular to the tool axis in a direction normal to the edge of the cut workpiece.

Description

[0041] The subject of the invention is shown as an embodiment in figures, in which:

[0042] FIG. 1 is a device for the implementation of the method in axonometric projection.

[0043] FIG. 2 is the device in front view.

[0044] The support frame (1) of the machine, to which X-axis travel guides are attached, on which an Y-axis bottom bracket (2) moves, and on the guides installed on it a Z-axis system (3) moves, onto which the scanning system (4) is installed, which consists of a projector (5) and a camera system (6). The system (3) is equipped with a swivel bottom bracket (7) of the tool head, whereas the bottom bracket (7) includes a tool head swinging chuck (8) for the installation of various types of heads, e.g. for cutting or welding. Rotary axis manipulator systems are installed on the bottom bracket (7), and tracking system sensors are installed directly on the welding head. The bottom bracket (7) of the tool head is equipped with manipulators (9) for manual control of the rotary axes, and a manipulator (10) for control of the linear movements of the machine is installed on a Z-axis system (3) component. The bottom bracket (7) of the tool head is equipped with an alternative scanning system solution comprising a laser distance sensor (11).

[0045] This implements the method of cutting openings in flat, concave, convex, and converging surfaces, in which the geometry of the outline of the element to be welded into the workpiece is measured. Subsequently, the electronic control unit of the device uses the measurement data to plot the path of the cutting tool. Then, the IMCM device is placed on the surface. Then, the following steps are carried out: [0046] 1. the geometry of the work surface is measured using a scanning system; [0047] 2. cutting parameters are automatically entered into the control unit based on the measurement results; [0048] 3. the surface is heated and cut along the selected path; [0049] 4. the cut-out part of the surface is removed; [0050] 5. the edges of the cut-out opening are grinded.

[0051] Additionally, the scanning system carries out measurements using machine vision system (4) or laser beams so as to measure the distance from the workpiece to the sensor (11). After cutting the opening out, before commencing the next work processes, a subsequent measurement of the work surface geometry is made. Preferably, if there is a deviation from the established path of the tool movement, the path of the tool movement is adjusted in the tool axis and/or in the plane perpendicular to the tool axis in a direction normal to the edge of the cut workpiece. Whereas, in the method of welding flat, concave, convex, and converging surfaces of a workpiece in which the geometry of the outline of the element to be welded into the workpiece is measured, while subsequently an electronic control unit of the device uses the measurement data to plot the path of the welding tool, and subsequently the IMCM device is placed onto the work surface. Then, the following steps are carried out: [0052] 1. the geometry of the work surface is measured using a scanning system; [0053] 2. welding parameters are automatically entered into the control unit based on the measurement results; [0054] 3. the position of the tip of the welding tool relative to the workpiece is identified, in particular in relation of the frame and the weld joint; [0055] 4. the workpiece is heated and welded along the established path.

[0056] Additionally, the scanning system carries out measurements using machine vision system (4) or laser beams so as to measure the distance from the workpiece to the sensor (11). The welding process is accompanied with real-time tracking of the welding path. Preferably, if there is a deviation from the established path of the tool movement, the path of the tool movement is adjusted in the tool axis and/or in the plane perpendicular to the tool axis in a direction normal to the edge of the welded workpiece.