Sizing composition and process for textile materials

Abstract

Use for sizing textile materials with an aqueous sizing composition including at least one co-polymer obtained by the polymerization of at least one non-ionic monomer and/or one anionic monomer, and at least one monomer of formula (I): ##STR00001##
in which: R.sub.1 is an atom of hydrogen or a methyl radical; x=0 or 1; Z is a divalent grouping C(O)O, C(O)NH, or CH.sub.2; n is an integer between 1 and 250; R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom or a carbonated radicalsaturated or unsaturated, possibly aromatic, linear, ramified or cyclicincluding from 1 to 30 carbon atoms and from 0 to 4 hetero-atoms chosen from the group including O, N and S.

Claims

1. A process for manufacturing a textile, the process comprising the following stages: preparing an aqueous sizing composition including at least one co-polymer obtained by the polymerization of at least one non-ionic monomer and/or one anionic monomer, and at least one monomer of formula (I), ##STR00003## in which: R.sub.1is hydrogen or a methyl group; x =0 or 1; Z is a divalent grouping C(O)O, C(O)NH, or CH.sub.2; n is an integer between 1 and 250; and R.sub.2 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.30alkyl, or phenyl, wherein the non-ionic monomer is selected from the group consisting of acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-i sopropylacrylamide, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide, N-vinylformamide, N-vinyl acetamide, N-vinylpyridine, N-vinylpyrrolidone, acryloyl morpholine (ACMO), and acrylamide diacetone, and wherein the anionic monomer is selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, and their salts; optionally, heating the said composition; sizing a textile material with the aqueous sizing composition, thereby obtaining sized textile material; weaving the sized textile material; and desizing the textile material at the end of the weaving stage, wherein said desizing comprises removingby means of an aqueous solutionsizing composition previously deposited on a surface of the textile material.

2. A process according to claim 1, further comprising, after the sizing and weaving stages, a drying stage.

3. A process according to claim 1, wherein the textile material is a yarn, filament, textile fiber, or weaved or unweaved fabric; and the said textile material is natural and/or artificial.

4. A process according to claim 1, wherein the co-polymer is obtained by the polymerization of monomers consisting of: one or more non-ionic monomers selected from the group consisting of acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, N-methylolacryl amide, N-vinylformamide, N-vinyl acetamide, N-vinylpyridine, N-vinylpyrrolidone, acryloyl morpholine (ACMO), and acrylamide diacetone; one or more anionic monomers selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, and their salts; and one or more monomers of formula (I).

5. A process according to claim 1, wherein the co-polymer is obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture, wherein all non-ionic monomers in the mixture are selected from compounds of formula (I) and the non-ionic monomers listed in claim 1, and wherein all anionic monomers in the mixture are selected from the anionic monomers listed in claim 1.

6. A process according to claim 1, wherein the formula (I) monomer represents between 0.5 and 50% in weight, in relation to the total weight of the co-polymer.

7. A process according to claim 1, wherein the formula (I) monomer is selected from the group consisting of poly(ethylene-glycol) (meth)acrylates and methyl-poly(ethylene-glycol) (meth)acrylates.

8. A process according to claim 1, wherein the co-polymer includes, in weight in relation to the total weight of the co-polymer: from 10 to 99.5% of at least one non-ionic monomer; from 0 to 80% of at least one anionic monomer; and from 0.5 to 50% of formula (I) monomer.

9. A process according to claim 8, wherein the co-polymer consists of, in weight in relation to the total weight of the co-polymer: from 10 to 99.5% of at least one non-ionic monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide, N-vinylformamide, N-vinyl acetamide, N-vinylpyridine, N-vinylpyrrolidone, acryloyl morpholine (ACMO), and acrylamide diacetone; from 0 to 80% of at least one anionic monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, and their salts; and from 0.5 to 50% of at least one monomer of formula (I).

10. A process according to claim 1, wherein the co-polymer includes, in weight in relation to the total weight of the co-polymer: from 40 to 99% of acrylamide; from 0 to 40% of acrylic acid in acid and/or its salt; and from 1 to 25% of formula (I) monomer.

11. A process according to claim 1, wherein the co-polymer is obtained by polymerization in solution or in bulk.

12. A process according to claim 1, wherein the composition contains between 0.1 and 10% in weight of co-polymer.

Description

EXAMPLES

(1) A) Data Pertaining to Polymers Used During Tests as Sizing Agent

(2) TABLE-US-00001 Composition Sizing agent Type (% of weight) INV-1 Powder obtained by polym. in bulk AM/MPEG MA 92/8 INV-2 Powder obtained by polym. in bulk AM/AA/MPEG MA 69/23/8 CE-3 Powder obtained by polym. in bulk AM 100% AM: acrylamide AA: acrylic acid MPEG MA: methyl-poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate, n = 45 INV-1 and INV-2 are two polymers according to the invention. CE-3 is polymer P1 according to patent FR 2 879 630.
B) Data Pertaining to the Sizing Tests

Example 1

100% Combed Cotton Ne 40

(3) Preparation of the sizing bath (800 L): You add the ingredient(s) of the sizing composition in a tank under agitation. You then transfer the resulting composition into a cooker, before baking for 20 minutes at 110 C. The composition is then ready to constitute a sizing bath.

(4) Execution of the tests: you immerse 8,200 yarns of combed cotton Ne(c)=40 (English cotton number), separated into two layers, in two sizing baths containing the aforesaid preparation, which you press by passing them between two squeezing cylinders, so as to obtain a wet output of 110% in weight (sizing weight corresponding to 1.1 times the weight of the fabric). The yarns are then dried by successive passages over rollers heated to 120 C. The residual wetness of the yarns on exiting from drying is 5-7% in weight (measurement performed using a Mahlo online wetness meter), which constitutes a good drying.

(5) Table 1 below states the conditions for the tests performed, together with the weaving results.

(6) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 1 Weaving on Sizing Tsudakoma air jet Polymer/% of loom weight of Efficiency polymer in the Viscosity Speed of of the bath (as dry cup sizing Weaving weaving Tests Description material) (Zahn 3) machine speed loom 1 composition as CE-3/1.3% 20 secs. 40 m/min. 700 rpm 89% per FR 2 879 630 2 Conventional CMS/9% 20 secs. 40 m/min. 700 rpm 91% composition CMC/0.5% PVA 1788/1% 3 Composition INV-1/2.6% 20 secs. 40 m/min. 700 rpm 96% according to the invention 4 Composition INV-1/2.6% 20 secs. 40 m/min. 850 rpm 93% according to the invention CMS (Carboxymethyl Starch): Modified starch CMC (Carboxymethyl Cellulose): Modified cellulose PVA 1788: Polyvinyl alcohol The viscosity of the sizing composition is measured via a flow cup of Zahn 3 type.
Results:

(7) The use of the composition according to the invention enables one to very significantly improve the quality of weaving with yarns of combed cotton Ne(c)=40, at the same weaving speeds (test 3). This is because the increase in efficiency of the weaving loom from 90 to 96% is derived from a decrease in the number of defects in the weaved fabric and, consequently, added value in the textile material.

(8) The use of the composition according to the invention also allows one (test 4) to increase the productivity of the weaving loom by means of an increase in the weaving speed of 21% (700 to 850 rpm), while also improving the quality of the fabric in comparison with known compositions (89-91% to 93%).

(9) Polymer CE-3 cannot be used at a batching exceeding 1.3% in the sizing bath, because you obtain an excessively-high viscosity and the very-stringy rheology obtained under these conditions does not allow one, strictly speaking, to complete the sizing stage.

(10) It was observed that the use of the composition according to the invention gives one sized yarns having a very slippery appearance (smooth to the touch), whereas the known compositions (tests 1 and 2) give yarns that are less slippery (rougher to the touch).

Example 2

Spun Rayon Viscose Ne 30

(11) Preparation of the sizing bath (800 L): You add the ingredient(s) of the sizing composition in a tank under agitation. You then transfer the resulting composition into a cooker, before baking for 20 minutes at 110 C. The composition is then ready to constitute a sizing bath.

(12) Execution of the tests: you immerse 4,080 yarns of spun rayon viscose Ne(c)=30 (English cotton number) in a sizing bath containing the aforesaid preparation, which you press by passing them between two squeezing cylinders, so as to obtain a wet output of 120% in weight. The yarns are then dried by successive passage over rollers heated to 120 C. The residual wetness of the yarns on exiting from drying is 10-12% in weight (measurement performed using a Mahlo online wetness meter), which constitutes a good drying.

(13) Table 2 below states the conditions for the tests performed, together with the weaving results.

(14) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 2 Weaving on Tsudakoma air jet Sizing loom Polymer/% of Efficiency polymer in the Viscosity Speed of of the bath (as dry cup sizing Weaving weaving Test Description material) (Zahn 3) machine speed loom 5 composition as CE-3/1.1% 12 secs. 45 m/min. 700 rpm 85% per FR 2 879 630 6 Conventional Starch/3.1% 12 secs. 45 m/min. 700 rpm 86% composition CMS/1.3% Urea/0.3% PVA 1788/1% 7 Composition INV-2/1.3% 13 secs. 45 m/min. 700 rpm 96% according to the invention 8 Composition INV-2/1.3% 13 secs. 45 m/min. 800 rpm 94% according to the invention
Results:

(15) The use of the composition according to the invention enables one to very significantly improve the quality of weaving with yarns of spun rayon viscose Ne(c)=30, at the same weaving speeds (test 7). The increase in efficiency of the weaving loom from 86 to 96% results from a decrease in the number of defects in the weaved fabric and, consequently, added value in the textile material.

(16) The use of the composition according to the invention also allows one (test 8) to increase the productivity of the weaving loom by means of an increase in the weaving speed of 14% (700 to 850 rpm), while also improving the quality of the fabric in comparison with known compositions (85-86% to 94%).

(17) It was observed that the use of the composition according to the invention gives one sized yarns having a very slippery appearance (smooth to the touch), whereas the known compositions (tests 5 and 6) give yarns that are less slippery (rougher to the touch).

Example 3

PES/Cotton 65/35

(18) Preparation of the sizing bath (800 L): You add the ingredient(s) of the sizing composition in a tank under agitation. You then transfer the resulting composition into a cooker, before baking for 20 minutes at 110 C. The composition is then ready to constitute a sizing bath.

(19) Execution of the tests: you immerse 5,074 yarns of PES/cotton (ration 65/35) Ne(c)=30 (English cotton number) in a sizing bath containing the aforesaid preparation, which you press by passing them between two squeezing cylinders, so as to obtain a wet output of 120% in weight. The yarns are then dried by successive passage over rollers heated to 120 C. The residual wetness of the yarns on exiting from drying is 5-7% in weight (measurement performed using a Mahlo online wetness meter), which constitutes a good drying.

(20) Table 3 below states the conditions for the tests performed, together with the weaving results.

(21) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 3 Weaving on TOYOTA air jet Sizing loom Polymer/% of Efficiency polymer in the Viscosity Speed of of the bath (as dry cup sizing Weaving weaving Recipe Description material) (Zahn 3) machine speed loom 9 composition as CE-3/1.1% 12 secs. 40 m/min. 650 rpm 82% per FR 2 879 630 10 Conventional CMS/8.3% 12 secs. 40 m/min. 650 rpm 85% composition CMC/2.0% PVA 1788/ 2.5% 11 Composition INV-2/1.3% 13 secs. 40 m/min. 650 rpm 94% according to the invention 12 Composition INV-2/1.3% 13 secs. 40 m/min. 750 rpm 90% according to the invention
Results:

(22) The use of the composition according to the invention enables one to very significantly improve the quality of weaving with yarns of spun rayon viscose Ne(c)=30, at the same weaving speeds (test 11). The increase in efficiency of the weaving loom from 85 to 94% results from a decrease in the number of defects in the weaved fabric and, consequently, added value in the textile material.

(23) The use of the composition according to the invention also allows one (test 12) to increase the productivity of the weaving loom by means of an increase in the weaving speed of 15% (650 to 850 rpm), while also improving the quality of the fabric in comparison with known compositions (82-85% to 90%).

(24) It was observed that the use of the composition according to the invention gives one sized yarns having a very slippery appearance (smooth to the touch), whereas the known compositions (tests 9 and 10) give yarns that are less slippery (rougher to the touch).