Abstract
A method for producing an expanded metal, the method including producing a sheet of the expanded sheet metal by introducing openings through one expansion blade wherein all the openings are configured as diamond shaped loops without a material loss and defined by a loop width, a loop length and a loop shape; and forming the diamond shaped loops respectively by four linear bars that are defined by a bar width and a bar thickness wherein two of the four linear bars are respectively connected at four nodes; arranging plural of the diamond shaped loops in columns adjacent to one another and in rows adjacent to one another; and forming first columns of first diamond shaped loops different from second columns of diamond shaped second loops in a loop width or in a loop length respectively measured from a node center to a node center.
Claims
1. A method for producing an expanded metal, the method comprising . . . by increasing amounts from diamond shaped loop to diamond shaped loop as a function of positions of the diamond shaped loops relative to a center of the width of the sheet . . . wherein the single expansion blade has teeth that vary in shape and orientation.
2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: configuring the sheet with column sections wherein each of the column sections has loop columns with an identical loop shape.
3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising: configuring a loop shape of loops of a first column section as a mirror image of a loop shape of loops of a second column section.
4. The method according to claim 3, further comprising: providing at least three column sections, wherein a center section includes loops with a first loop shape, and wherein loops of columns that are respectively laterally arranged relative to the center section are configured as mirror images of each other.
5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: configuring each lip column has a loop shape that differs from loop shapes of adjacent columns.
6. The method according to claim 5, further comprising: varying loop shapes of respective loop columns from a first outer column with a loop shape that is distorted from a symmetrical loop shape by a larger amount in one direction to a center column with the symmetrical loop shape to a second outer column with a loop shape that is distorted from the symmetrical loop shape by a larger amount in an opposite direction.
7. A method according to claim 1, further comprising: feeding a piece of sheet metal in feed steps to the single expansion blade, wherein the single expansion blade has an alternating movement component that is horizontal and transversal to the feed direction of the sheet metal.
8. The method according to claim 7, further comprising: arranging teeth with identical shape or orientation in groups.
9. The method according to claim 8, further comprising: arranging or shaping the teeth of a first group as mirror images of teeth of a second group.
10. The method according to claim 7, wherein an orientation of the teeth of the expansion blade changes continuously starting from a first edge tooth over a center tooth to a second edge tooth that is not adjacent to the first edge tooth, wherein teeth that are arranged equidistant from the center tooth are oriented as mirror images of each other.
11. The method according to claim 7, wherein a shape of the teeth of the expansion blade changes continuously starting from a first edge tooth over a center tooth to a second edge tooth that is not adjacent to the first edge tooth, and wherein teeth that are arranged equidistant from the center tooth are configured as mirror images of each other.
12. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: enveloping the loops by bars that are configured to have a different bar width.
13. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: enveloping the loops by bars that are configured to have a different bar thickness.
14. The method according to claim 7, wherein center axes of teeth that are on opposite sides of a center axis of the center tooth are inclined at opposite angles with identical absolute values relative to the center axis of the center tooth.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
(1) Further advantages and an even better comprehension of the invention can be derived from a description of various embodiments with reference to drawing figures; wherein:
(2) FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of prior art expanded metal fabrication;
(3) FIG. 2 illustrates a prior art expansion blade for producing the expanded metal according to FIG. 1;
(4) FIG. 3 illustrates a first expansion blade according to the invention for producing expanded metal according to the invention;
(5) FIG. 4 illustrates a second expansion blade according to the invention for producing expanded metal according to the invention;
(6) FIG. 5 illustrates a sheet of expanded metal according to the invention;
(7) FIG. 6 illustrates a blown-up detail rectangle VI of FIG. 5;
(8) FIG. 7 illustrates the expanded metal according to the invention according to FIG. 5 with air flows shown;
(9) FIG. 8 illustrates the blown-up detail according to FIG. 6 with air flows illustrated; and
(10) FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate a schematic view of an additional expanded metal according to the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(11) FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate prior art solutions. A piece of sheet metal 100 that is rolled into a coil 101 is fed to an expansion arrangement 102 which is only schematically illustrated. This expansion arrangement 102 includes an expansion blade 103 and a reaction bearing 104 for the sheet metal 100. The expansion blade 103 moves in a vertical direction V up and down relative to the sheet metal surface O and back and forth in a lateral direction S in an alternating manner. Thus, the teeth 105 of the expansion blade 103 penetrate into the sheet metal 100 and displace sheet metal material causing a certain amount of deformation, in particular transversal to the lateral direction S, in the so-called expansion direction R. To a certain amount the sheet metal 100 is also expanded in a transversal direction S. Thus, the sheet metal 100 exits the expansion arrangement 102 as an expanded metal 106.
(12) The illustrated expanding arrangement 102 is also schematically illustrated in FIG. 2, but with more detail. Particular emphasis is placed on the prior art expansion blade 103. This expansion blade includes a series of expansion teeth 105 that are arranged adjacent to each other. These expansion teeth have identical tooth geometries and identical tooth orientations. This is quite important for prior art expanded metal fabrication in order to assure uniform expansion of the metal by introducing identical loops 107. Only this way it is assured that a high quality expanded metal with minimum distortion exits the expansion arrangement and requires no finishing or only a minimum amount of finishing.
(13) In FIGS. 3 through 10 a piece of expanded metal according to the invention is designated overall with reference numeral 10, This piece of expanded metal 10 is illustrated in a detail view and schematically in FIGS. 9 and 10. The expanded metal 10 is made from a plurality of loops 11 which are enveloped by four linear bars 12. The bars 12 are made from the base material, typically metal. Where the four loop enveloping bars 12 intersect, a node 13 is formed so that each loop 11 has four nodes 13. The expanded metal 10 is formed by a plurality of loops 11 which are arranged in rows X.sub.1 through X.sub.N adjacent to each other and in loop columns Z.sub.1 through Z.sub.N behind one another. The loop shape is defined by a loop length L and a loop width B wherein a measurement is performed respectively from node center to node center. Additional parameters are the bar width Sb and the bar thickness Sd of the bars 12 that envelop the loops 11.
(14) The expanded metal 10 according to the invention is illustrated in overview in FIG. 5. The expanded metal includes a plurality of rows X.sub.1 through X.sub.N adjacent to each other and columns Z.sub.1 through Z.sub.N of loops 11 that are arranged behind one another and which are separated from each other by bars 12. Also here the bars 12 intersect in nodes 13. It is already evident from the overview illustration in FIG. 5 that the loops 11 are not formed identically continuously. The expanded metal 10 illustrated in FIG. 5 is initially formed by a plurality of loops 11.1 with a first shape which have an expanded diamond shape. In an edge portion that is on a right side with respect to the drawing plane, however, loops 11.2 with a second shape are formed in the expanded metal 10. Also, these loops have an approximately diamond-shaped geometry, which, however, is distorted compared to the loops 11.1 with the first shape.
(15) This is also clearly evident from FIG. 6, which shows an enlargement of the detail VI in FIG. 5. The loops 11.1 with the first shape have a width B.sub.1 measured from node center to node center, and the loops with the second shape 11.2 have a loop width B.sub.2, Thus, the loop width B.sub.2 is smaller than the loop width B.sub.1. The length of the loops with the first shape 11.1 designated as L.sub.1 is identical to a length L.sub.1 of the loops with the second shape 11.2.
(16) The different loop width B is a consequence of a different tooth geometry of a tooth 15 of an expansion blade 14 according to the invention. The tooth 15 to produce a column in the second shape 11.2 has less width than the tooth 15 used to fabricate a loop with the first shape 11.1.
(17) An essential advantage of maintaining an identical length L.sub.1 of loops in a first shape 11.1 and in a second shape 11.2 can be found in that a length expansion when producing the expanded metal 10 between loops 11 that are arranged adjacent to each other in rows X.sub.1 to X.sub.N is identical though the geometries are different and thus a disadvantageous distortion of the expanded metal 10 can be kept within very tight limits.
(18) FIG. 6, however, illustrates an additional feature of the expanded metal 10 according to the invention which relates to a shape of bars 12 that define the loops 11. Loops with the first shape 11.1 are uniformly framed by bars 12.1. The bars 12.1 are configured to have a bar thickness Sd.sub.1. The enlarged detail of the expanded metal 10 in FIG. 6 therefore conveys the impression that loops with the first shape 11.1 are approximately centrally arranged between four adjacent nodes 13.
(19) The bars with the second shape 11.2, however, are enveloped by diametrically opposed bars 12.2 and 12.3 and diametrically opposed bars 12.1. The bars 12.2 are configured to have a bar thickness Sd.sub.2, the bars 12.3 are configured to have a bar thickness Sd.sub.3. The bars 12.1 have the bar thickness Sd.sub.1 also this case.
(20) Therefore, the loops 11.2 with the second shape appear to be offset substantially to the right and slightly upward with respect to the paper plane and relative to four adjacent nodes which envelop the loop 11.2. This offset is caused by a different tooth arrangement.
(21) With respect to the expanded metal 10 according to the invention it is appreciated that loop shapes that differ from each other cause different bar dimensions as a matter of consequence but primarily deviating bar widths Sb are to be expected. Therefore, a deviation of the bar thicknesses Sd is not mandatory in order to produce different loop shapes in the expanded metal but this an additional optional feature of the expanded metal 10 according to the invention.
(22) As evident in particular from FIG. 8 the different bar thicknesses Sd, caused, e.g., by a different tooth orientation, have a particular technical effect. FIG. 8 initially illustrates a cut-out from the expanded metal according to FIG. 5 that is similar to FIG. 6. The loops 11.1 with the first shape form a first section A.sub.1, the loops 11.2 with the second shape form a second section A.sub.2. Through the different loop geometries and different bar geometries the air flow symbolized by the arrow 16 can be influenced when ventilation air is blown through the expanded metal 10 according to the invention. As indicated by the arrows 16 different loop and/or bar geometries lead to a deflection of the air flow 16. When the air flow 16 is oriented vertically with respect to the drawing plane in section A.sub.1 then the air is deflected from the vertical to the right in section A.sub.2 that is formed by the loops with the second shape 11.2. This way a fine fanned diffuse air flow is achieved as a function of the absolute loop size of the loops 11.1 and 11.2.
(23) This effect can be used e.g. for an expanded metal 10 according to the invention according to FIG. 7. Thus, the expanded metal 10 is in turn divided again into sections A.sub.1 and A.sub.2. Additionally, the expanded metal includes a section A.sub.3. Each section A.sub.1-A.sub.3 includes loops 11 with identical shapes which are arranged in rows adjacent to each other and in columns behind one another. The loop shapes between the individual sections A.sub.1-A.sub.3, however, differ from each other. Thus, it is appreciated that a loop shape of the loops 11 of section A.sub.2 can be found as a mirror image in section A.sub.3. This way section A.sub.1 generates an essentially vertically oriented air flow with respect to the paper plane. In the sections A.sub.2 and A.sub.3 however the air flow 16 is deflected to the right or to the left. This way it is possible to arrange the expanded metal 10 illustrated in FIG. 7 e.g. as a cover fora defrosting arrangement in a portion of a windshield of a vehicle. Covers in a portion of the windshield made from expanded metal, however, are known in principle. The different loop shapes, however, provide an option to adjust the optical appearance.
(24) However, the effect described supra of the expanded metal 10 according to the invention upon the air flow 16 is essential, Contrary to the prior art the expanded metal 10 according to the invention facilitates distributing the air flow 16 that exits from the feed air opening of the defroster and can be oriented over the windshield width which requires separate air guidance and diffusion devices in the prior art below the cover that is used in the prior art.
(25) Certainly, other applications are conceivable for a piece of expanded metal 10 that is configured according to the invention. Also, other air outlets can be provided with a cover of this type in order to orient the exiting air flow 16. It is also conceivable to use expanded metals of this type as speaker covers to influence a sound exit.
(26) The invention also relates to a novel expansion blade which is overall designated with reference numeral 14. The expansion blade 14 according to the invention is illustrated in different embodiments in FIGS. 3 and 4. The expansion blade 14 according to the invention also cooperates with a reaction bearing 17 to fabricate the expanded metal 10. Furthermore, the expansion blade includes a plurality of teeth 15.
(27) In FIG. 3 identical and/or similar teeth 15 are arranged in tooth groups Zg.sub.1 through Zg.sub.3. The teeth 15 have so called tooth axes Za which can be for example the axes of symmetry for rotation symmetrical teeth 15. FIG. 3 illustrates that the tooth axes Za of teeth 15 within the tooth groups Zg.sub.1-Zg.sub.3 are oriented parallel to each other, however, an orientation of the tooth axes Za between the tooth groups Zg.sub.1-Zg.sub.3 differs. Thus, the tooth axes Za of the group Zg.sub.2 are configured as a mirror images of the tooth axes Za of the group Zg.sub.3. The tooth groups Zg.sub.3 and Zg.sub.2 form edge tooth groups wherein the tooth group Zg.sub.1 is arranged between the tooth groups Zg.sub.2 and Zg.sub.3.
(28) Thus, the expansion blade 14 according to FIG. 3 would fabricate an expanded metal 10 in which loops with different shapes are arranged in rows adjacent to each other and in columns behind one another in sections A.sub.1, A.sub.2 and A.sub.3. However, the expansion blade 14 in FIG. 3 does not necessarily represent the expansion blade 14 which has to be used for producing the expanded metal 10 that is illustrated in FIGS. 5-10.
(29) FIG. 4 illustrates another expansion blade 14 according to the invention, however in an alternative embodiment. Also, here, tooth axes Za of the individual teeth 15 are illustrated. In the expansion blade according to the invention according to FIG. 4 each tooth 15 has an individual orientation. The outer teeth 15, however, are also the edge teeth 18 and the tooth 15 in the center forms the so called center tooth 19. Starting with center tooth 19 and moving towards the edge of the expansion blade an orientation of the tooth axis Za of the respective tooth 15 changes continuously towards the respective edge tooth 18 and thus also the orientation of the respective tooth 15 changes continuously, Thus, the orientation of teeth 15 that have an identical distance from the center tooth 19 is mirror imaged. When piece of expanded metal 10 is produced by an expansion blade 14 according to FIG. 4 a shape of individual loops 11 within in each loop column Z is identical, the loops 11 of different loop columns Z differ from each other in shape.
(30) Starting from a center loop column Z with a basic loop shape, however, the basic loop shape of any loop column Z oriented towards an edge of the expanded metal is distorted in one direction, wherein loop columns Z that are spaced apart equidistant from a center loop column have loop shapes that are configured as mirror images.
(31) Depending on loop shape and orientation an air flow 16 can be fanned out in a particularly fine manner or also bundled using the expanded metal 10.
(32) With respect to the expansion blade 14 according to FIG. 4 it is appreciated that the tooth geometry and orientation is not necessarily configured to produce the expanded metal 10 according to FIGS. 5-10. Also, here, the schematic illustration merely shows engineering design options for an expansion blade 14 according to the invention.
REFERENCE NUMERALS AND DESIGNATIONS
(33) 100 sheet metal 101 coil 102 expansion arrangement 103 expansion blade 104 reaction bearing 105 teeth of expansion blade 103 106 expanded metal 107 loop 108 bar 10 expanded metal 11 loop 11.1 loop with first shape 11.2 loop with second shape 12 bar 13 node 14 expansion blade 15 tooth 16 air flow 17 reaction bearing 18 edge teeth 19 center tooth A section V vertical direction O surface of expansion blade 103 S sideways direction R expansion direction X loop row Z loop column L loop length B loop width Sb bar width Sd bar thickness Zg tooth group Za tooth axis
