CEILING BAFFLE ASSEMBLY

Abstract

A ceiling baffle assembly including a panel structure and at least one locking piece. The panel structure is alterable between a flat state and a folded state and forms a ceiling baffle having a top end with one or more insert locations when in the folded state. The locking piece has a top portion, a first side portion extending downwardly from the top portion, and a second side portion extending downwardly from the top portion. The second side portion is spaced from the first side portion. The locking piece may be non-integral with the panel structure. The first and second side portions of the at least one locking piece may be insertable into one of the one or more insert locations to hold the panel structure together in the folded state.

Claims

1. A ceiling baffle assembly comprising: a panel structure that is alterable between a flat state and a folded state, wherein in the folded state the panel structure forms a ceiling baffle comprising a top end having one or more insert locations; at least one locking piece comprising a top portion, a first side portion extending downwardly from the top portion, and a second side portion extending downwardly from the top portion in a spaced apart manner from the first side portion, wherein the at least one locking piece is non-integral with the panel structure; and wherein the first and second side portions of the at least one locking piece are configured to be inserted into one of the one or more insert locations to maintain the panel structure in the folded state, and wherein upon removal of the first and second side portions of the at least one locking piece from the one of the one or more insert locations the panel structure is configured to be altered from the folded state back to the flat state.

2. The ceiling baffle assembly according to claim 1 wherein the ceiling baffle comprises a first outer sidewall and a second outer sidewall that are spaced apart from one another by an interior space, and wherein the one or more insert locations form passageways into the interior space.

3. The ceiling baffle assembly according to claim 2 wherein upon inserting the first and second side portions of the at least one locking piece into the one of the one or more insert locations, the first and second side portions are located within the interior space between the first and second outer sidewalls of the ceiling baffle.

4. The ceiling baffle assembly according to claim 1 wherein the ceiling baffle comprises a bottom wall, a first outer sidewall extending from the bottom wall to the top end, and a second outer sidewall extending from the bottom wall to the top end, the first and second outer sidewalls being spaced apart from one another by an interior space.

5. The ceiling baffle assembly according to claim 4 wherein the ceiling baffle further comprises a first inner sidewall located adjacent to the first outer sidewall and extending from the top end of the ceiling baffle into the interior space and a second inner sidewall located adjacent to the second outer sidewall and extending from the top end of the ceiling baffle into the interior space.

6. The ceiling baffle assembly according to claim 1 wherein the panel structure and at least one locking piece are formed from a same material.

7. The ceiling baffle assembly according to claim 1 wherein the panel structure and the locking piece comprise a felt material.

8. The ceiling baffle assembly according to claim 1 wherein the top portion and the first and second side portions of the at least one locking piece form a U-shape.

9. The ceiling baffle assembly according to claim 1 wherein the at least one locking piece further comprises a first locking surface extending from an inner surface of the first side portion towards an inner surface of the second side portion and a second locking surface extending from the inner surface of the second side portion towards the inner surface of the first side portion.

10. The ceiling baffle assembly according to claim 9 wherein the first locking surface extends perpendicularly from the inner surface of the first side portion and the second locking surface extends perpendicular from the inner surface of the second side portion.

11. The ceiling baffle assembly according to claim 1 wherein the top portion of the at least one locking piece comprises a top surface and a bottom surface opposite the top surface, each of the first and second side portions extending from the bottom surface.

12. The ceiling baffle assembly according to claim 10 wherein the first and second side portions of the at least one locking piece are parallel to one another.

13. A ceiling baffle assembly comprising: a ceiling baffle that is elongated along a longitudinal axis from a first end to a second end, the ceiling baffle comprising a first outer sidewall, a second outer sidewall that is spaced apart from the first outer sidewall, a bottom wall extending between the first and second outer sidewalls, and a top wall opposite the bottom wall, the top wall comprising a plurality of openings that are spaced apart from one another in a direction of the longitudinal axis; and a plurality of locking pieces, each of the locking pieces configured to be inserted into a respective one of the plurality of openings in the top wall of the ceiling baffle to hold the first and second sidewalls in position and maintain a shape of the ceiling baffle.

14. The ceiling baffle assembly according to claim 13 wherein each of the plurality of locking pieces is formed from a felt material.

15. The ceiling baffle assembly according to claim 13 wherein each of the plurality of locking pieces is non-integral with the ceiling baffle.

16. The ceiling baffle assembly according to claim 15 wherein prior to inserting any of the plurality of locking pieces into the plurality of openings, the first and second outer sidewalls are configured to pivot relative to the bottom wall in opposite directions, and wherein when at least one of the plurality of locking pieces is inserted into the respective one of the plurality of openings, the first and second sidewalls are prevented from pivoting relative to the bottom wall.

17. The ceiling baffle assembly according to claim 16 wherein inner surfaces of the first outer sidewall, the second outer sidewall, the bottom wall, and the top wall define an interior space, and wherein a least a portion of each of the locking pieces are located within the interior space once inserted into the respective one of the plurality of openings.

18. The ceiling baffle assembly according to claim 17 wherein the ceiling baffle further comprises a first inner sidewall located adjacent to the first outer sidewall and extending from the top wall into the interior space and a second inner sidewall located adjacent to the second outer sidewall and extending from the top wall into the interior space

19. The ceiling baffle assembly according to claim 13 wherein each of the plurality of locking pieces further comprises a top portion having a top surface and a bottom surface opposite the top surface, a first side portion extending downwardly from the bottom surface of the top portion, and a second side portion extending downwardly from the bottom surface of the top portion, the first side portion having a first inner surface and the second side portion having a second inner surface that is spaced apart from the first inner surface, and further comprising a first locking surface protruding from the first inner surface of the first side portion in a direction towards the second side portion and a second locking surface protruding from the second inner surface of the second side portion in a direction towards the first side portion, the first and second locking surfaces being configured to engage the ceiling baffle to resist removal of the locking piece from the respective one of the plurality of openings.

20. A ceiling baffle assembly comprising: a panel structure that is alterable between a flat state and a folded state, wherein in the folded state the panel structure forms a ceiling baffle that is elongated along a longitudinal axis from a first end to a second end, the ceiling baffle comprising: a bottom wall; a first outer sidewall pivotably coupled to a first side of the bottom wall; a second outer sidewall pivotably coupled to a second side of the bottom wall; a top wall opposite the bottom wall, the top wall comprising a plurality of insert openings that are spaced apart from one another in a direction of the longitudinal axis; inner surfaces of the first outer sidewall, the second outer sidewall, the bottom wall, and the top wall defining an interior space; a first inner sidewall located adjacent to the first outer sidewall and extending from the top wall into the interior space; and a second inner sidewall located adjacent to the second outer sidewall and extending from the top wall into the interior space; a plurality of locking pieces, each of the locking pieces configured to be inserted into a respective one of the plurality of insert openings in the top wall of the ceiling baffle to hold the first and second sidewalls in position and maintain a shape of the ceiling baffle, each of the plurality of locking pieces comprising: a top portion having a top surface and a bottom surface opposite the top surface; a first side portion extending downwardly from the bottom surface of the top portion and having a first inner surface; a second side portion extending downwardly from the bottom surface of the top portion and having a second inner surface that is spaced apart from the first inner surface; a first locking surface protruding from the first inner surface of the first side portion in a direction towards the second side portion; a second locking surface protruding from the second inner surface of the second side portion in a direction towards the first side portion; and wherein the first and second locking surfaces are configured to engage the ceiling baffle to resist removal of the locking piece from the respective one of the plurality of openings.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a locking ceiling baffle with the locking pieces removed in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a locking ceiling baffle prior to folding into a baffle shape in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 2B is an enlarged view of FIG. 2A, one end of a locking ceiling baffle prior to folding into a baffle shape in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a locking piece for holding a folded slab baffle in its rectangular shape in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 4 is a front view of locking mechanism of a ceiling baffle in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a prior art standard ceiling hanger in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a locking ceiling baffle with a locking mechanism prior to and after insertion into a standard ceiling hanger in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG. 7 is a top perspective view of locking slab baffles installed in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG. 8 is a front elevation view of a locking ceiling baffle after being folded into a locking slab baffle shape in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0030] FIG. 9 is a top perspective view of a locking ceiling baffle after being folded into a locking slab baffle shape indicating the locking pieces in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0031] FIG. 10 is a side elevation view of a locking ceiling baffle after being folded into a locking slab baffle shape in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0032] FIG. 11A is a perspective view of a ceiling baffle in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0033] FIGS. 11B through 11E are front views of differently shaped ceiling baffles in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0034] FIGS. 12A through 12D are front views of ceiling baffle in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0035] FIGS. 12E through 12N are front views of differently shaped ceiling baffles in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0036] FIG. 13 is a chart of the acoustic testing in accordance with ASTM C 423 of the ceiling baffles in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0037] FIG. 14 is a graph of the acoustic testing in accordance with ASTM C 423 of the ceiling baffles in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0038] FIGS. 15A and 15B are perspective views of an attachment mechanism of a ceiling baffle in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] FIGS. 16A and 16B are perspective views of a locking mechanism of a ceiling baffle in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] FIG. 17 is a perspective view of an alternative locking ceiling baffle prior to folding into a baffle shape in accordance with the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] As stated herein, the objective of the present disclosure is to provide an improved acoustic locking ceiling baffle, and an improved dynamic acoustic locking ceiling system, along with improved methods for installing the locking ceiling baffles and creating the dynamic acoustic locking ceiling system.

[0042] Referring to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar features in the various views, FIGS. 1 through 6 show different views of the improved locking baffle 10. FIG. 1 shows the resulting baffle 10 after being folded into shape, resulting in a locking mechanism 12 at the top of the ceiling baffle 10. The ceiling baffle 10, which is made in the preferred embodiment, from a single sheet of 9 mm polyester felt or PET Felt, and is intended to be folded into a rectangular or a slab shape, approximately 88 inches long, 8.68 inches high and 2.125 inches thick. One example for holding the slab baffle 10 in its shape includes the use of one or more locking pieces 14.

[0043] FIG. 2A shows the ceiling baffle 10 prior to being constructed into its resulting shape. The unfolded or flat ceiling baffle 10 is made from a single piece of material, pre-scored for easy folding, and has various cutouts for the shape of the baffle 10 and for other functions, such as the locking mechanism as described below.

[0044] As disclosed below, there are numerous ceiling baffle shapes and designs that can be constructed in accordance with the present disclosure. The portions of the ceiling baffle 10 that will make up the locking mechanism 12 are located such that when the sides 18 are folded at the side score lines 20, the locking mechanism 12 will be accessible for locking the ceiling baffle 10 onto the ceiling as disclosed below. Further, the ends 22 are also folded at the end score lines 24 during assembly of the ceiling baffle 10. This configuration allows the ceiling baffle 10 to be transported flat (FIG. 2A) and easily built or assembled at the installation site. FIG. 2B shows an enlarged end of the ceiling baffle 10 prior to assembly.

[0045] FIG. 3 show an enlarged drawing of the locking piece 14, different than the locking mechanism 12, which is one example used to hold the ceiling baffle 10 together. The locking piece 14 in the preferred embodiment is also made of PET Felt and is sized and shaped to be inserted into the slab baffle at one or more insert locations 16, once folded to hold the slab baffle in its rectangular shape. The locking piece or pieces 14 can be inserted into the top of the slab baffle 10 at the insert locations 16 as shown in FIG. 1. In the preferred embodiment, the locking piece 14 is 2 ? inches at the top 26 and tapers down to sides 28 of 1 7/16 inches. The locking piece 14 is also 1 7/16 high and has an arrow shaped edge 30 to assist in holding the ceiling baffle 10 together while resisting removal form the insert locations 16.

[0046] The resulting shape of the locking mechanism 12 on the ceiling baffle 10 is shown in detail in FIG. 4, and is created by cutting away portions 32 of the ceiling baffle 10 (see FIGS. 1 and 6 through 11 for exemplary locations of the locking mechanism 12 on the ceiling baffle 10). The locking mechanism is sized to fit into the recessed portion 42 of a ceiling hanger 40, such as a standard UNISTRUT? metal framing system (shown in FIG. 5), without the need for additional tools, clips or additional attachment devices.

[0047] The locking mechanism 12 is design is a double arrow 34, with recesses 36 below the double arrow 34 and an arrow recess 38 between the double arrows 34. The locking mechanism 12 is particularly designed or configured to mate with a ceiling hanger, as described below. However, other locking mechanisms 12 can be designed and configured (using the ceiling baffle material or other material) to mate with the same ceiling hanger described herein, or to mate with other ceiling hangers, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, magnets embedded into the ceiling baffle 10 can be used to attach the ceiling baffle 10 to any metal ceiling structure.

[0048] The locking mechanism 12 is created by cutting away the PET Felt to leave the double arrow shape 34 with the cutaway portion 38 between the double arrows 34 to allow for ease of insertion into the ceiling hanger in accordance with the present disclosure. Due to the location of the locking mechanism 12 on the ceiling baffle 10, the locking mechanism 12 is also 9 mm thick, but there are two locking mechanisms 12 for each location, and they are sized to fit into the recessed portion of a standard ceiling hanger, such as a standard UNISTRUT? metal framing system, without the need for additional tools, clips or additional attachment devices. One or more locking mechanisms 12 can be designed into each ceiling baffle 10 depending on the length and need of the ceiling baffle 10.

[0049] FIG. 5 shows a standard UNISTRUT? metal framing system, including the recessed portion 42, the sides 44 of the ceiling hanger 40, and the J-shaped ends 46. To install the locking mechanism 12 of the ceiling baffle 10 into the UNISTRUT ceiling hanger 40, the ceiling baffle 10 is located such that the double arrows 34 can be slid into the recessed portion 42 of the ceiling hanger 40 to be held in place by the sides 44 of the ceiling hanger 40 and the J-shaped ends 46 on the sides 44. Additionally, the ceiling baffle 10 can be placed in the proper location and pushed or snapped into place such that the double arrows 34 compress towards the arrow recess 38 and/or toward the recesses 36 below the double arrows 34 to fit past the J-shaped ends 46 on the sides 44 of the ceiling hanger 40. Once past the J-shaped ends 46, the double arrows 34 spring back or expand back to their normal position inside ceiling hanger 40.

[0050] Different sized and shaped locking pieces 14 (for holding the ceiling baffle 10 in its folded position) and locking mechanisms 12 (for installing the folded ceiling baffle 10 into the ceiling hangers 40) can be created depending on need, based on the size and shape of the ceiling baffle 10 and the ceiling hangers 40, or on any other device for which the ceiling baffle 10 will be attached. Further, FIG. 1 shows five locking pieces 14 and one locking mechanisms 12 for the ceiling baffle 10, however, each baffle 10 can be configured with more or less locking pieces 14 or locking mechanisms 12 depending on the need, and based on the configuration of the ceiling baffle 10 and the location and number of the ceiling hangers 40 on the ceiling.

[0051] FIG. 6 shows the improved locking mechanism 12 of the ceiling baffle 10 prior to and after being inserted into the UNISTRUT hanger 40 in which the locking mechanism 12 can be seen up and inside the hanger 40 with the two ends of the double arrow 34 locked in the inside of the J-shaped ends 46 of the hanger 40, from FIG. 5.

[0052] FIG. 7 shows a perspective views of multiple locking ceiling baffles 10 installed in accordance with the present disclosure. FIGS. 8 through 10 show different views of the locking ceiling baffle 10, including the front elevation (FIG. 8), top perspective detail (FIG. 9) and the air gap 48 (FIG. 10), which increases the acoustic absorbency by approximately 50%. The assembled ceiling baffle 10, in the preferred embodiment, is 84 inches long, with two locking mechanisms 12 10.47 inches (on center) from the ends, and provides the look of a solid 2.125 inch block of material, but instead uses a 1.5 inch air gap 48 to reduce acoustics and weight.

[0053] A system may include more or less locking ceiling baffles 10 depending on the size of the room. Further, the present disclosure is not limited to the particular shaped baffles described herein, as other shaped locking ceiling baffles 10 can be created by folding the pre-scored piece of PET Felt used in the present disclosure with different dimensions to obtain similar results, as disclosed below.

[0054] Another embodiment, similar to the disclosure above, of ceiling baffles 10, is shown in FIGS. 11A through 11E, which show an alternative embodiment design ceiling baffle 10 in accordance with the present disclosure. FIG. 11A shows a perspective view of an assembled ceiling baffle 10, but instead of a rectangular shape as detailed above, the alternative embodiment forms a wedge 110 ceiling baffle 10 when assembled. At its widest point, the wedge ceiling baffle 10 is 2.125 inches wide, but the ceiling baffle 10 tapers to a wedge 110 at the other end of the ceiling baffle.

[0055] FIGS. 11B through 11E show that the wedge ceiling baffle 10 design can be manufactured in various sizes and shapes to be configured for different size and shaped ceilings, to create the wedge baffle image. These figures show different lengths for the various wedge ceiling baffles 10. FIG. 11B for example shows a large wedge ceiling baffle 10 that is 114 inches long and 8.68 inches deep, while FIG. 11C shows a medium wedge ceiling baffle 10 that is 90 inches long and 8.68 inches deep, and FIG. 11D shows a small wedge ceiling baffle 10 that is 43.5 inches long and 8.68 inches deep. Additionally, FIG. 11E shows a wedge ceiling baffle 10 that is a custom size from 43.5 inches long to 114 inches long and 8.68 inches deep. Of course, other size carved ceiling baffles 10 can be manufactured in keeping within the scope of the invention.

[0056] Yet another embodiment of ceiling baffles 10, similar to the disclosure above is shown in FIGS. 12A through 12N, which show an alternative embodiment design ceiling baffle 10 in accordance with the present disclosure. FIGS. 12A through 12D show perspective views of an assembled ceiling baffles 10, but instead of a rectangular shape as detailed above, the alternative embodiments form trapezoid (FIGS. 12A and 12C) or parallelogram (FIGS. 12B and 12D) shaped ceiling baffles 10 when assembled and viewed from a front elevation. However, each of these shapes are 3.75 inches deep (although other depths can be designed in accordance with the disclosure), and are assembled into a triangular profile ceiling baffle 10, when view from the sides. These ceiling baffles 10 provide an internal air gap of 6.44 inches and boast an NRC rating of 1.55.

[0057] FIGS. 12E through 12N show that the triangular ceiling baffle 10 design can be manufactured in various sizes and shapes to be configured for different size and shaped ceilings, to create the triangular baffle image. These figures show different lengths for the various wedge ceiling baffles 10, including the four different configurations shown in FIGS. 12A through 12D. FIG. 12E and 12J for example show large triangular ceiling baffles 10 that are 119 inches and 108 11/16 inches long, respectively, while FIGS. 12F and 12K show medium triangular ceiling baffles 10 that are 95 inches and 86.75 inches long, respectively. FIGS. 12G and 12L show triangular ceiling baffles 10 that are 47.5 inches and 43 ? inches long, respectively and FIGS. 12H and 12M show small triangular ceiling baffles 10 that are 23.75 inches and 23.75 inches long, respectively. Additionally, FIGS. 12I and 12N show a triangular ceiling baffles 10 that are custom size from 23.75 inches long to 119 inches long and 108 11/16 inches long, respectively. Of course, other size triangular ceiling baffles 10 can be manufactured in keeping within the scope of the invention.

[0058] As described herein, the material used in the preferred embodiment is polyester felt and is 99% recycled. The ceiling baffles 10 in the preferred embodiment are 9 mm thick, and the panel thickness (after assembly) is 2.125 inches thick, with a standard size of 8.68 inches by 88 inches. The edge options are exposed felt, and maintenance includes occasional vacuuming to remove particulate matter and air-borne debris or dust. Compressed air can be used to dust off the material in difficult to reach areas and for large assemblies.

[0059] The felt comes in numerous colors, including white, cream, light grey, light brown, brown, matte grey, charcoal, black, yellow, mango, orange, red, lavender, lime, green, light blue and dark blue. Of course, the ceiling baffles 10 can be manufactured in many other colors and the present disclosure is not limited to these specifications and colors, as these are merely the specifications and colors for the preferred embodiments and alternative embodiments.

[0060] FIG. 13 shows a chart for the acoustic testing standard ASTM C423 for the ceiling baffles 10 in the preferred embodiment. The chart indicates testing on the preferred embodiment and provides the results of the sound absorption coefficient for the ceiling baffle 10 at various frequencies. The test arrangement used a +100 mm air layer filled with 50 mm rock wool board. As described herein, the noise reduction coefficient at 500 Hz 70 is 0.76 72, and at 1000 Hz 74 is 1.00 76. Further, the ceiling baffles 10 are fire rated as UL tested ASTM E-84: Class A.

[0061] FIG. 14 shows the graph 78 of the sound absorption coefficient against frequency for the same test, with the sound absorption average (SAA) 80 of 0.76, and the noise reduction coefficient (NRC) 82 of 0.75.

[0062] Alternative embodiments exist for attaching a slab baffle 10 to a ceiling. One alternative embodiment is shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B and utilizes a cable suspension system 150 in which the slab baffles 10 have an embedded cable gripper 152 such that the slab baffle 10 can be snapped into deck-mounted aircraft cables 154. The aircraft cables 154 can be arranged in any desired pattern or configuration and once installed, the excess cable 156 will protrude through the slab baffle 10 and can be cut off with a scissors or left alone.

[0063] Another alternative embodiment for attaching a slab baffle 10 to a ceiling is shown in FIGS. 16A and 16B and utilizes a magnetic connection system 160. The slab baffles 10 are embedded with magnets 162 such that they will connect and hang onto any ceiling or ceiling structure 164 that is made from any ferrous metal material, such as a Unistrut, tee bar or steel joist, among others. The slab baffle 10 containing the magnet 162 can be snapped into place adjacent the ferrous metal structure in any desired pattern or configuration.

[0064] Additionally as disclosed above, an alternative embodiment for assembling the ceiling baffle 10 of the present disclosure includes using magnets embedded into the ceiling baffle 10 so that when the flat ceiling baffle 10 is folded and assembled into its final form, the embedded magnets will hold the ceiling baffle 10 in that form without the need for the locking pieces 14 disclosed herein. FIG. 17 shows the flat ceiling baffle 10 with one or more magnets 170 embedded into the baffle 10 on one side, and with one or more magnets 172 embedded into the baffle 10 on the other side, so that when the ceiling baffle 10 is assembled, the magnets 170 and the magnets 172 will come in close contact or actually make contact with each other, thereby holding the assembled ceiling baffle 10 together. These magnets 170, 172 are different than the magnets 162 used for the locking mechanism 12 disclosed herein and in FIGS. 16A and 16B. Although, in certain designs the same magnets can be used for both purposes.

[0065] Reference throughout the specification to various embodiments, some embodiments, one embodiment, or an embodiment, or the like, means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, appearances of the phrases in various embodiments, in some embodiments, in one embodiment, or in an embodiment, or the like, in places throughout the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.

[0066] Further, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Thus, the particular features, structures, or characteristics illustrated or described in connection with one embodiment may be combined, in whole or in part, with the features structures, or characteristics of one or more other embodiments without limitation given that such combination is not illogical or non-functional. Although numerous embodiments of this invention have been described above with a certain degree of particularity, those skilled in the art could make numerous alterations to the disclosed embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure.

[0067] All directional references (e.g., plus, minus, upper, lower, upward, downward, left, right, leftward, rightward, top, bottom, above, below, vertical, horizontal, clockwise, and counterclockwise) are only used for identification purposes to aid the reader's understanding of the present disclosure, and do not create limitations, particularly as to the position, orientation, or use of the any aspect of the disclosure.

[0068] As used herein, the phrased configured to, configured for, and similar phrases indicate that the subject device, apparatus, or system is designed and/or constructed (e.g., through appropriate hardware, software, and/or components) to fulfill one or more specific object purposes, not that the subject device, apparatus, or system is merely capable of performing the object purpose. Joinder references (e.g., attached, coupled, connected, and the like) are to be construed broadly and may include intermediate members between a connection of elements and relative movement between elements. As such, joinder references do not necessarily infer that two elements are directly connected and in fixed relation to each other. It is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative only and not limiting. Changes in detail or structure may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

[0069] Any patent, publication, or other disclosure material, in whole or in part, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein is incorporated herein only to the extent that the incorporated materials does not conflict with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth in this disclosure. As such, and to the extent necessary, the disclosure as explicitly set forth herein supersedes any conflicting material incorporated herein by reference. Any material, or portion thereof, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein, but which conflicts with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth herein will only be incorporated to the extent that no conflict arises between that incorporated material and the existing disclosure material.