GLAZING COMPRISING A FUNCTIONAL COATING AND AN ABSORBENT ELEMENT FOR COLORIMETRIC ADJUSTMENT

Abstract

A material includes one or more transparent substrates including two main surfaces, of which one of the surfaces of one of the substrates is coated with a functional coating capable of controlling solar radiation, the material including an absorbent layer for colorimetric adjustment of which the average absorption peak is centered between 500 and 555 nm and of which the full width at half maximum is less than 50 nm. The solar glazing has an improved aesthetic appearance without overly affecting thermal performance.

Claims

1. A material comprising at least one transparent substrate, each substrate comprising two main surfaces, one of the two main surfaces of one of the at least one substrate is coated with a functional coating capable of controlling solar radiation and/or infrared radiation, the functional coating comprising at least one metallic functional layer, each arranged between two dielectric coatings, wherein the material includes at least one absorbent layer that has an average absorption peak centered between 500 and 555 nm; and whose full width at half maximum is less than 50 nm.

2. The material according to claim 1, wherein the upper protective layer comprises an organic pigment.

3. The material according to claim 1, equipping a building or passenger compartment, the material delimiting an interior and exterior of the building or of the passenger compartment, the material comprising at least two transparent substrates, the wherein surfaces of each substrate being numbered from the exterior toward the interior of the building or of the passenger compartment, wherein the functional coating is arranged on the interior surface of the outermost substrate corresponding to surface 2.

4. The material according to claim 1, comprising at least two transparent substrates and a lamination interlayer, wherein the at least one absorbent layer consists of the lamination interlayer which includes an organic pigment.

5. The material according to claim 1, wherein the at least one absorbent layer consists of one of the at least one substrate.

6. The material according to claim 1, wherein the at least one absorbent layer is a layer deposited on one of the surfaces of the at least one substrate.

7. The material according to claim 6, that wherein the layer deposited by wet-coating.

8. The material according to claim 1, wherein the functional coating comprises one or more silver-based functional layers, each arranged between two dielectric coatings.

9. The material according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is made of glass or of polymer organic material.

10. The material according to claim 1, wherein the functional coating comprising at least one metallic functional layer and the absorbing layer are not directly in contact with one other.

11. A glazing comprising a material according to claim 1, wherein the glazing is in the form of a monolithic, laminated and/or multiple glazing.

12. The material according to claim 1, wherein the at least one absorbent layer has an average absorption peak centered between 510 and 540 nm; and whose full width at half maximum is less than 40 nm.

13. The material according to claim 9, wherein the substrate is made of soda-lime-silica glass.

Description

[0092] The details and advantageous features of the invention will become apparent from the following non-limiting examples with reference to the figures, wherein:

[0093] FIG. 1 shows the absorption profile (optical indices n and k) of the layer containing the pigment used in example 1.

[0094] FIG. 2 shows the absorption profile (optical index n and k) of the absorbent layer used in example 2.

[0095] FIG. 3 shows the absorption profile of the pigment used in example 3.

[0096] FIG. 4 shows the absorption profile (absorbency value) of the pigment used in example 4.

[0097] FIG. 5 shows the absorption profile (absorbency value) of the pigment used in example 5.

[0098] FIG. 6 shows the absorption profile (absorbency value) of the pigment used in example 4.

EXAMPLES

Comparative Example 1

1. Functional Coating

[0099] A simplified functional coating (RF1) with three Ag layers was deposited by means of a magnetic-field-assisted (magnetron) sputtering device on a substrate made of clear soda-lime glass 6 mm thick. It has a stack of: [0100] Glass/Si.sub.3N.sub.4 158 nm/Ag 12 nm/Si.sub.3N.sub.4 75 nm/Ag 21 nm/Si.sub.3N.sub.4 77 nm/Ag 13 nm/Si.sub.3N.sub.4 155 nm.

II. Configuration of the Glazing

[0101] A 6/16/4 double glazing was produced with the functional coating (RF1) above on surface 2, such that the following are obtained: [0102] 6 mm glass/RF1/16 mm space filled with 90% argon and 10% air/4 mm glass.

Example 1

I. Functional Coating and Configuration of the Glazing

[0103] The functional coating RF1 and the glazing configuration are the same as those of comparative example 1 above.

II. Absorbent Elements

[0104] An absorbent layer (CA) comprising a pigment is produced. The absorption profile of the layer is shown in FIG. 1. It has an average peak centered at 515 nm and whose full width at half maximum is 27 nm.

[0105] The thickness of the layer and the concentration of the pigment must be adapted as a function of the intensity of the coloring of the functional coating to be neutralized.

II. Configuration of the Glazing

[0106] A 6/16/4 double glazing was produced with the functional coating (RF1) above on surface 2, and the absorbent layer deposited on surface 3 using conventional wet-laid techniques, such that the resulting structure is: [0107] 6 mm glass/RF1/16 mm space filled with 90% argon and 10% air/CA/4 mm glass.

Comparative Example 2

I. Functional Coating

[0108] The same functional covering (RF1) as in comparative example 1 is used.

II. Configuration of the Glazing

[0109] A double laminated glazing is produced according to the configuration 44.1/16/4, that is to say: [0110] 4 mm glass/PVB/4 mm glass/RF/16 mm space filled with 90% argon and 10% air/4 mm glass.

Example 2

I. Functional Coating

[0111] The same functional covering (RF1) as in comparative example 1 is used.

II. Absorbent Elements

[0112] A colored PVB, 0.38 mm thick, having an absorption profile as shown in FIG. 2 was used. The index k has an average peak centered at 525 nm, whose full width at half maximum is 37 nm.

III. Configuration of the Glazing

[0113] A double laminated glazing is produced according to the same configuration as in comparative example 2 but using a colored PVB (polyvinyl butyral) sheet:

[0114] 4 mm glass/colored PVB/4 mm glass/RF/16 mm space filled with 90% argon and 10% air/4 mm glass.

Solar Control and Colorimetry Performance

[0115] Table 1 below lists the main optical characteristics of the double glazing according to example 1 and according to comparative example 1 and also double-laminated according to example 2 and according to comparative example 2.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Example 1 Example 2 according according to the to the comparative 1 invention Comparative 2 invention TL (%) 60.00 57.28 59.45 54.55 a*T ?7.21 ?2.60 ?7.61 ?0.10 b*T 3.05 1.40 3.38 0.07 Rext (%) 12.4 12.25 12.25 10.84 a*Rext ?0.84 ?0.15 ?1.49 5.50 b*Rext ?4.55 ?4.81 ?3.95 ?6.88 Rint (%) 16.46 15.25 16.43 16.17 a*Rint ?1.52 3.73 ?1.56 ?0.66 b*Rint 0.33 ?1.61 0.36 ?0.03 g (%) 24.95 24.90 24.58 23.43 selectivity 2.40 2.30 2.42 2.33

[0116] With example 1, it can be seen that adding the absorbent layer has made it possible to attenuate the green color in transmission quite well (a*T goes from ?7.21 to ?2.60), without significantly impacting the other colors, nor TL, nor thermal performance. The selectivity (S=TL/g) goes from 2.40 to 2.30.

[0117] The ratio ?a*T/?TL is: 1.40.

[0118] With example 2, it can be seen that replacing the conventional PVB with colored PVB has made it possible to attenuate the green color in transmission very well (a*T goes from ?7.61 to ?0.10), without significantly impacting the other colors, nor TL, nor thermal performance. The selectivity (S=TL/g) goes from 2.42 to 2.33.

[0119] The ratio ?a*T/?TL is: 1.53.

Examples 3, 4, and 5 according to the invention

I. Functional Coating RF2

[0120] A simplified functional coating (RF2) with three Ag layers was deposited by means of a magnetic-field-assisted (magnetron) sputtering device on a substrate made of clear soda-lime glass thick. In a simplified manner, it has a stack of:

[0121] Glass/Di1/Ag/Di2/Ag/Di3/Ag/Di4 with a total thickness of the Ag layer of about 40 nm; Di1 at 4 representing dielectric coatings that can contain several layers.

II. Absorbent Layers

[0122] Various dyes sold by Yamada Chemical Co., Ltd, available under the product codes FDG, were tested.

[0123] They are incorporated into a silicon layer of the same index as the glass substrate so as to form an absorbent layer (CA) which can be deposited by a conventional wet-laid technique.

[0124] The thickness of the layer and the concentration of the pigment will be adapted as a function of the intensity of the coloring of the functional coating to be neutralized.

[0125] Example 3 uses the dye FDG-002. The layer has an absorption profile as shown in FIG. 3. The average absorption peak is centered at 514 nm. The full width at half maximum is 42 nm.

[0126] Example 4 uses the same dye FDG-002, but only the main peak thereof has been preserved. The absorption profile of the layer is shown in FIG. 4. The average absorption peak is centered at 522 nm. The full width at half maximum is 29 nm.

[0127] Example 5 uses the dye FDG-003. The layer has an absorption profile as shown in FIG. 5. The average absorption peak is centered at 534 nm. The full width at half maximum is 40 nm.

Comparative Example 3

I. Functional Coating RF2

[0128] The same RF functional coating as in examples 3, 4 and 5 is used.

II. Absorbent Layer

[0129] No absorbent layer

Comparative Example 4

I. Functional Coating RF2

[0130] The same RF functional coating as in examples 3, 4 and 5 is used.

II. Absorbent Layer

[0131] Comparative example 4 uses the dye FDG-001. This absorbent layer has an absorption profile as shown in FIG. 6. The average absorption peak is centered at 485 nm. The full width at half maximum is 63 nm.

III. Configurations of the Glazing

[0132] Three different configurations were tested for each of examples 3, 4 and 5 according to the invention and for comparative examples 3 and 4.

Configuration a:

[0133] A 6/16/4 double glazing was produced with the functional coating (RF2) above on surface 2 and an absorbent layer (CA) on surface 3, such that the following are obtained:

[0134] 6 mm glass/RF2/16 mm space filled with 90% argon and 10% air/CA/4 mm glass.

Configuration b:

[0135] A double laminated glazing is produced according to configuration 44.1/16/4 with the functional coating (FR2) on surface 4 and the absorbent layer (CA) on surface 2, such that the following are obtained:

[0136] 4 mm glass/CA/PVB/4 mm glass/RF2/16 mm space filled with 90% argon and 10% air/4 mm glass.

Configuration c:

[0137] A double laminated glazing is produced according to configuration 44.1/16/4 with the functional coating (FR2) on surface 4 and the absorbent layer (CA) on surface 5, such that the following are obtained:

[0138] 4 mm glass/PVB/4 mm glass/RF2/16 mm space filled with 90% argon and 10% air/CA/4 mm glass.

Solar Control and Colorimetry Performance

[0139] Table 2 below lists the main optical characteristics of examples 3, 4 and 5 and comparative examples 3 and 4, in the glazing configuration a.

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Ex C3 Ex C4 Ex 3 Ex 4 Ex 5 S 2.14 2.13 2.06 2.06 2.06 g (%) 28.00 27.98 27.94 27.95 27.96 TL (%) 60.00 59.65 57.52 57.50 57.50 a*T ?5.54 ?5.09 ?0.79 ?0.49 ?1.61 b*T 4.51 5.17 3.19 2.41 2.40 Rext (%) 14.00 13.98 13.87 13.87 13.86 a*Rext ?3.40 ?3.33 ?2.75 ?2.72 ?2.85 b*Rext ?9.06 ?9.00 ?9.27 ?9.36 ?9.37 Rint (%) 17.01 16.84 15.91 15.90 15.89 a*Rint ?5.90 ?5.45 ?1.01 ?0.72 ?1.80 b*Rint ?6.04 ?5.43 ?7.51 ?8.24 ?8.27

[0140] Table 3 below lists the main optical characteristics of examples 3, 4 and 5 and comparative examples 3 and 4, in the glazing configuration b.

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Ex C3 Ex C4 Ex 3 Ex 4 Ex 5 S 2.19 2.20 2.17 2.16 2.15 g (%) 27.11 26.89 26.65 26.67 26.72 TL (%) 59.45 59.10 57.92 57.50 57.50 a*T ?5.97 ?5.52 ?3.04 ?2.04 ?2.90 b*T 4.86 5.52 4.04 3.23 3.21 Rext (%) 13.83 13.70 13.30 13.17 13.16 a*Rext ?3.90 ?3.52 ?1.23 ?0.38 ?1.12 b*Rext ?8.49 ?7.97 ?9.31 ?9.99 ?10.00 Rint (%) 16.98 16.96 16.89 16.87 16.87 a*Rint ?5.95 ?5.89 ?5.59 ?5.48 ?5.57 b*Rint ?6.02 ?5.96 ?6.13 ?6.22 ?6.22

[0141] Table 4 below lists the main optical characteristics of examples 3, 4 and 5 and comparative examples 3 and 4, in the glazing configuration c.

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Ex C3 Ex C4 Ex 3 Ex 4 Ex 5 S 2.19 2.18 2.12 2.12 2.12 g (%) 27.11 27.09 27.06 27.08 27.08 TL (%) 59.45 59.10 57.50 57.50 57.50 a*T ?5.97 ?5.52 ?2.24 ?2.04 ?2.90 b*T 4.86 5.52 3.82 3.23 3.21 Rext (%) 13.83 13.81 13.72 13.72 13.72 a*Rext ?3.90 ?3.83 ?3.38 ?3.36 ?3.47 b*Rext ?8.49 ?8.43 ?8.66 ?8.72 ?8.73 Rint (%) 16.98 16.81 16.10 16.10 16.09 a*Rint ?5.95 ?5.50 ?2.05 ?1.85 ?2.72 b*Rint ?6.02 ?5.41 ?7.20 ?7.76 ?7.78

[0142] For each of the three configurations, the following conclusions can be drawn.

[0143] With example 3, it can be seen that adding the absorbent layer has made it possible to attenuate the green color in transmission quite well (a*T goes from ?5.97 to ?2.24), without significantly impacting the other colors, nor TL, nor thermal performance. The selectivity (S=TL/g) goes from 2.19 to 2.12.

[0144] The ratio ?a*T/?TL is: 1.9 and the ratio ?a*T/?TL is 0.5

[0145] With example 4, it can be seen that adding the absorbent layer has made it possible to attenuate the green color in transmission quite well (a*T goes from ?5.97 to ?2.04), without significantly impacting the other colors, nor TL, nor thermal performance. The selectivity (S=TL/g) goes from 2.19 to 2.12.

[0146] The ratio ?a*T/?TL is: 2.0 and the ratio ?a*T/?TL is 0.8.

[0147] With example 5, it can be seen that adding the absorbent layer has made it possible to attenuate the green color in transmission (a*T goes from ?5.97 to ?2.90), without significantly impacting the other colors, nor TL, nor thermal performance. The selectivity (S=TL/g) goes from 2.19 to 2.12.

[0148] The ratio ?a*T/?TL is: 1.6 and the ratio ?a*T/?TL is 0.8.

[0149] With comparative example C4, where the layer does not have the absorption profile according to the invention, the green color in transmission is not significantly attenuated (a*T goes from ?5.97 to ?5.52). The ratio ?a*T/?TL is: 1.3, which is insufficient.

[0150] In one variant, the absorbent layer of example 1 could be deposited on any of the other surfaces of the double glazing.

[0151] In the case of a laminated glazing, the absorbent layer could be in contact with the lamination interlayer, without any particular difficulty.

[0152] The invention can be applied to other configurations (triple glazing, etc.)

[0153] The invention is not restricted to the use of functional coatings with high T.sub.L, nor to functional coatings with three silver layers.