Linear Network of Wind Turbine Blade Arrays

Abstract

A linear network of wind turbine blade arrays has a plurality of wind turbine blade arrays. Each of the wind turbine blade arrays has a frame with a top structure and a bottom structure. The top structure is spaced from the bottom structure with first and second opposite vertical side structures. The top structure includes a top enclosure and the bottom structure includes a bottom enclosure. A plurality of shafts are spaced apart from one another along and extending between the top structure and the bottom structure. Each shaft is configured to rotate about a respective shaft axis within the frame. A blade formation for each shaft is arranged and configured to interact with moving air to cause rotation movement of the respective shaft. At least one generator is operatively connected to at least one shaft. The generator is mounted in one of the top enclosure and bottom enclosure.

Claims

1. A linear network of wind turbine arrays, the linear network comprising: a first frame comprising: a top structure and a bottom structure, the top structure being spaced from the bottom structure with first and second opposite vertical side structures, the top structure of the first frame including a top enclosure, the bottom structure of the first frame including a bottom enclosure; a plurality of shafts spaced apart from one another along and extending between the top structure and the bottom structure, each shaft being configured to rotate about a respective shaft axis within the first frame; a blade formation for each shaft in the plurality of shafts, each blade formation of each shaft being arranged and configured to interact with moving air to cause rotation movement of the respective shaft, the blade formation of each shaft having a width extending in a direction parallel to the top and bottom structures of the first frame and a height extending in a direction parallel to the vertical sides of the first frame, the height of the blade formation being greater than the width of the blade formation of the respective shaft; and at least one generator operatively connected to at least one of the shafts of the first frame, the at least one generator being mounted in one of the top enclosure and bottom enclosure of the first frame, the at least one generator being adapted and configured to convert rotational movement of the at least one shaft about the shaft axis to electrical energy; a second frame comprising: a top structure and a bottom structure, the top structure being spaced from the bottom structure with first and second opposite vertical side structures, the top structure of the second frame including a top enclosure, the bottom structure of the second frame including a bottom enclosure, the first vertical side structure of the second frame abutting the second vertical side structure of the first frame; a plurality of shafts spaced apart from one another along and extending between the top structure and the bottom structure of the second frame, each shaft being configured to rotate about a respective shaft axis within the second frame; a blade formation for each shaft in the plurality of shafts, each blade formation of each shaft being arranged and configured to interact with moving air to cause rotation movement of the respective shaft within the further frame, the blade formation of each shaft having a width extending in a direction parallel to the top and bottom structures of the second frame and a height extending in a direction parallel to the vertical sides of the second frame, the height of the blade formation being greater than the width of the blade formation of the respective shaft; and at least one generator operatively connected to at least one of the shafts of the second frame, the at least one generator being mounted in one of the top enclosure and the bottom enclosure of the second frame, the at least one generator being adapted and configured to convert rotational movement of the shaft about the shaft axis to electrical energy; and a hub enclosure operatively mounted to one of the first frame and the second frame, the hub enclosure having openings that allow communication between the hub enclosure and at least one of the top enclosure of the first frame, the bottom enclosure of the first frame, the top enclosure of the second frame, and the bottom enclosure of the second frame; wherein at least one of the top enclosure of the first frame, the bottom enclosure of the first frame, the top enclosure of the second frame, the bottom enclosure of the second frame, and the hub enclosure contains electrical circuitry adapted and configured to at least one of rectify, invert, transform, transmit, convert, and condition an electrical output from the at least one generator in at least one of the first frame and the second frame.

2. The linear network of wind turbine arrays of claim 1 wherein the at least one generator of one of the first and second frames is mounted in the top enclosure of the respective first and second frames.

3. The linear network of wind turbine arrays of claim 1 wherein the top enclosure of the first frame and the second frame have openings that allow communication between the first frame and the second frame.

4. The linear network of wind turbine arrays of claim 1 wherein the bottom enclosure of the first frame and the second frame have openings that allow communication between the first frame and the second frame.

5. The linear network of wind turbine arrays of claim 1 wherein electrical cabling associated with the first frame and the second frame is disposed in the top enclosure of the first frame and the second frame.

6. The linear network of wind turbine arrays of claim 1, wherein the hub enclosure includes a frame having a top structure and a bottom structure, the hub enclosure top structure being spaced from the hub enclosure bottom structure with first and second opposite vertical side structures, the first vertical side structure of the hub enclosure frame abutting the second vertical side structure of the second frame.

7. The linear network of wind turbine arrays of claim 1, wherein at least one of the top enclosure of the first frame, the bottom enclosure of the first frame, the top enclosure of the second frame, the bottom enclosure of the second frame, and the hub enclosure contains a processor and a memory, the processor being adapted and configured to store in the memory at least one of (i) data representative of an operating condition associated with a component contained in at least one of the first frame and the second frame, (ii) data representative of a maintenance condition associated with a component contained in at least one of the first frame and the second frame; and (iii) data representative of an environmental condition in which the linear network of wind turbine arrays is located.

8. The linear network of wind turbine arrays of claim 7, wherein the processor is adapted and configured for communication on a network with a remote station, the processor is adapted to at least one of transmit to and receive from the remote station at least one of (i) the data representative of the operating condition associated with the component contained in at least one of the first frame and the second frame, and (ii) the data representative of the maintenance condition associated with the component contained in at least one of the first frame and the second frame; and (iii) the data representative of the environmental condition in which the linear network of wind turbine arrays is located.

9. The linear network of wind turbine arrays of claim 7, wherein the remote station comprises at least one of a further network of wind turbine arrays, a mobile computing device, a remote server, a cloud computing platform, a control station for an electrical grid.

10. The linear network of wind turbine arrays of claim 7 wherein the processor is adapted and configured to generate signals for controlling a component contained in at least one of the first frame and the second frame.

11. The linear network of wind turbine arrays of claim 1 wherein each blade formation in the second frame is equally spaced from another and from each blade formation in the first frame from the first vertical side structure of the first frame to the second vertical side structure of the second frame.

12. The linear network of wind turbine arrays of claim 1 wherein each blade formation has first and second blade portions helically disposed about the shaft.

13. The linear network of wind turbine arrays of claim 12 wherein the first and second blade portions each comprise a plurality of like segments stacked vertically with angular offset about the shaft axis between adjacent segments.

14. The linear network of wind turbine arrays of claim 13 wherein a segment is operatively connected to a vertically adjacent segment with a support plate, the support plate is operatively connected to the respective shaft associated with each blade formation.

15. The linear network of wind turbine arrays of claim 14 wherein the support plate is shaped to match the segment and the vertically adjacent segment connected therewith.

16. The linear network of wind turbine arrays of claim 1 wherein a top most end of a top most segment of each blade formation has a cover plate operatively connected to the respective shaft.

17. The linear network of wind turbine arrays of claim 1 wherein a bottom most end of a bottom most segment of each blade formation has a cover plate operatively connected to the respective shaft.

18. The linear network of wind turbine arrays of claim 1 wherein a bearing for each shaft of one of the first and second frames is mounted in the bottom enclosure of the respective first and second frames.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0003] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary linear network comprising two wind turbine arrays.

[0004] FIG. 2 is a front view of the linear network of wind turbine arrays of FIG. 1.

[0005] FIG. 3 is a top view of the linear network of wind turbine arrays of FIG. 1.

[0006] FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the linear network of wind turbine arrays of FIG. 1.

[0007] FIG. 5 is a right side view of the linear network of wind turbine arrays of FIG. 1.

[0008] FIG. 6 is perspective view of the linear network of wind turbine arrays of FIG. 1 with a portion of the structure forming a top structure and a bottom structure of the arrays removed to provide additional detail of the linear network of wind turbine arrays.

[0009] FIG. 7 is front view of the linear network of wind turbine array of FIG. 1 with a portion of the structure forming a top structure and a bottom structure of the arrays removed to provide additional detail of the linear network of wind turbine arrays.

[0010] FIG. 8 is a front view of a blade formation of one of wind turbine arrays.

[0011] FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a blade formation with segments of the blade formation removed to show additional detail of the segments forming the blade formation and a shaft of the wind turbine array.

[0012] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the blade formation of FIG. 8.

[0013] FIG. 11 is top view of the blade formation of FIG. 8 with the shaft removed to provide additional detail.

[0014] FIG. 12 is a top view of two laterally opposed segments of the blade formation of FIG. 8 with the shaft removed to provide additional detail.

[0015] FIG. 13 is a front view of the two laterally opposed segments of the blade formation of FIG. 12.

[0016] FIG. 14 is a perspective view of one segment of the blade formation of FIG. 13.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] FIGS. 1-7 show of exemplary implementations of a linear network 20 of two wind turbine blade arrays 22. The embodiments are intended to illustrative and are not limiting in any sense. It should be appreciated that any number of wind turbine blade arrays may be arranged in a linear network and scaled as desired depending upon the application. Accordingly, another linear network 20A may be interfaced with the linear network shown in the drawings.

[0018] For purposes of illustration, each wind turbine blade array 22 has a frame 24 comprising a top structure 26 and a bottom structure 28. The top structure 26 and the bottom structure 28 of the frame may be spaced apart by opposite first and second vertical side structures 30,32. The top structure 26 may comprise top front and top back beams 34,36 that are spaced apart by top side struts 38. The bottom structure 28 may comprise bottom front and bottom back beams 40,42 that are spaced apart by bottom side struts 44. The top structure 26 and the bottom structure 44 may include intermediate struts for additional support. The vertical side frames 30,32 may include vertically oriented side front beams 46 and vertically oriented side back beams 48 that are spaced apart by the bottom side struts 44 and the top side struts 38 of the top and the bottom structures 26,28.

[0019] One wind turbine blade array 22 may be arranged adjacent to another wind turbine blade array with the first vertical side structure 30 of one wind turbine blade array abutting the second vertical side structure 32 of the adjacent wind turbine blade array to form the linear network 20. In such an arrangement, the top structure front and back beams 34,36 and the bottom structure front and back beams 40,42 may extend between the frames 24 of multiple wind turbine blade arrays 20. Guarding (not shown) may be provided around the frame 24 of each wind turbine blade array 20 extending between the top structure 26 and the bottom structure 28 and the oppose vertical side structures 30,32 to surround the blade formations of the wind turbine blade array.

[0020] Additionally, the wind turbine blade array 22 may be provided with a framework 50 to support one or more hub enclosures 52 of the linear network 20. For purposes of illustration, the hub enclosure 52 of the linear network may be supported on the hub framework 50 on each lateral side of the wind turbine blade array 22. The hub framework 50 may be constructed similar to the frame 24 of the wind turbine blade array 22 and may include a top structure 54 comprising top front and top back beams 56,58 that are spaced apart by top side struts 60, and a bottom structure 62 comprising bottom front and bottom back beams 64,66 that are spaced apart by bottom side struts 68. Opposite first and second vertical side frames 70,72 of the hub framework 50 may each include vertical side front 74 and vertical side back beams 76 that are spaced apart by the bottom side struts 68 and the top side struts 60 of the hub framework. The hub framework 50 may be arranged adjacent to a wind turbine blade array 22 with the first vertical side structure of the hub framework 70 abutting the second vertical side structure 32 of the adjacent wind turbine blade array, and/or the hub framework may be arranged adjacent to a wind turbine blade array with the second vertical side structure 72 of the hub framework abutting the first vertical side structure 30 of the adjacent wind turbine blade array. In such arrangements, the top structure front and back beams 34,36 and the bottom structure front and back beams 40,42 may extend between the frame of the wind turbine blade array 22 (or multiple wind turbine blade arrays) and the hub framework 50. The hub enclosure 52 may be mounted to the top structure 54 of the hub framework and/or the bottom structure 62 of the hub framework. Accordingly, one or more hub enclosures 52 may be mounted to the hub framework 50. Alternatively or additionally, one or more hub enclosures 52 may be mounted in the top structure 24 of a wind turbine blade array 22 or the bottom structure 28 of a wind turbine blade array. While the drawings show one hub framework 50 adjacent one side of the wind turbine blade array 22 and a second hub framework adjacent an opposite side of the other the wind turbine blade array in the linear network (for instance, as a book ends configuration), a single hub framework may be disposed adjacent one wind turbine blade array in the linear network.

[0021] A shaft 80 supports a blade formation 82 in the frame. Each shaft and corresponding blade formation/column 82 is spaced apart from one another along the length of the frame 24. Each shaft 80 and associated blade formation 82 extends between the top and bottom structures 26,28 of the frame and parallel to the vertical side structures 30,32 of the frame. Each shaft 80 is configured to rotate about a respective shaft axis 84 within the frame 24. The blade formation 82 or blade column of each respective shaft has at least one blade structure 86. The blade formation 82 of each shaft is arranged and configured to interact with moving air to cause rotational movement of the respective shaft. As shown in the drawings, each blade formation 82 in the first and the second frames 24 is equally spaced from one another. Also, as shown in the drawings, each blade formation 82 in the first and the second frames 24 is equally spaced from another from the first vertical side structure 30 of the first frame 24 to the second vertical side structure 32 of the second frame 24.

[0022] In one aspect, for instance, as shown in the drawings, each of the shafts 80 may be operatively coupled to a generator 90. In such a configuration, each shaft 80 and generator 90 are configured such that the generator converts rotational movement of the shaft about the shaft axis to electrical energy. In another aspect, one or more shafts may drive a transmission system that may be coupled to one or more generators. For instance, each shaft may have a system of pulleys, belts, gears, sprockets and/or chains that are operatively coupled to one or more generators, so that the rotational output of more than one shaft may drive one or more generators.

[0023] The top structure 26 of each frame 24 may include a top enclosure 92. The top enclosure 92 may be formed by front-to-back spaced apart weldments 94, and a bottom weldment 96 mounted to the top structure 26. Thus, the front, the back and the bottom weldments 94,96 of the top structure 26 may cooperate to define the top enclosure 92. The weldments may extend from the first vertical side structure 30 to the second vertical side structure 32. The top enclosure 92 may include one or more covers 98. The cover(s) 98 may have a U-shaped cross section that fits over the top of the spaced apart front and back weldments 94. Weather proofing may be included in the cover(s) 98 as necessary. The top enclosure 92 may be sized to accommodate one or more generators 90. By way of example, the top enclosure 92 may be sized to accommodate each of the generators 90 for each of the shafts 80 of the wind turbine blade array (four generators as shown in the drawings). In a configuration, where one or more shafts are operatively coupled to one or more generators with a transmission system, the top enclosure may be sized to accommodate the one or more generators, and the transmission system. The one or more generators 90 may be mounted to the bottom weldment 96. As shown in the drawings, a coupling 100 may couple a shaft of the generator 90 to the shaft 80 of the blade formation 82 and the coupling and/or shaft of the generator 90 may extend through an opening in the bottom weldment 96. The coupling may also couple the shaft of the blade formation to a drive input for the transmission system. The top enclosure 92 may include a mechanical braking system to stop rotation of the shaft and blade formation. The top enclosure 92 of one wind turbine blade array 22 may align with and/or connect with the top enclosure of the adjacent wind turbine blade array.

[0024] The bottom structure 28 may include a bottom enclosure 102. The bottom enclosure 102 may be formed by front-to back spaced apart weldments 104, and a bottom weldment 106 mounted to the bottom structure 28. Thus, the front, the back and the bottom weldments 104, 106 may cooperate to define the bottom enclosure. The weldments may extend from the first vertical side structure 30 to the second vertical side structure 32 in each frame 24. The bottom enclosure 102 may include one or more covers 108. The cover(s) 108 may have a U-shaped cross section that fits over the top of the spaced apart front and back weldments 104. Weather proofing may be included in the cover(s) 108 as necessary. The bottom enclosure 102 may be sized to accommodate a bearing housing 110 for each shaft 80. By way of example, the bottom enclosure 102 may be sized to accommodate four bearing housings 110 for each of the four shafts of the wind turbine blade array 22 shown in drawings. The shaft 80 of the blade formation 82 may extend though an opening in the cover 108 for connection to the bearing housing 110. The bearing housing 110 of each shaft 80 may be mounted to the bottom weldment 106 of the bottom enclosure 102. The bottom enclosure 102 may include a mechanical braking system to stop rotation of the shaft and blade formation. The bottom enclosure 102 of one wind turbine blade array may align with and/or connect with the bottom enclosure 102 of the adjacent wind turbine blade array.

[0025] The top enclosure 92, the bottom enclosure 102 and/or the hub enclosure 52 may include any one or more of the following components 112: (i) electrical cabling, (ii) controls for controlling the generators, (iii) electronic circuitry for rectifying, inverting, transforming, converting, and conditioning the electrical output of the generators; (iv) sensors configured to measure electrical characteristics (such as current, voltage, power, amplitude, frequency, power factor, etc.) and sensor to measure generator operating temperature, bearing operating temperature, electric component temperature, shaft rotational speed, blade formation and shaft orientation relative to the shaft axis; (v) controls for braking and/or locking the shafts; (vi) conduits to allow electrical cabling to pass between enclosures and/or one wind turbine blade array and an adjacent wind turbine blade array or hub; (vii) electronic circuitry for network communications, whether wireless, telecommunications, radio-frequency, local area network, Bluetooth, RFID, etc., (viii) batteries for electrical power storage and local operation of components; (ix) one or more processors with associated memory and/or databases; and (x) communications hardware, graphic user interfaces, and associated drives. Any of the forementioned electronic circuitry may be redundantly provided in any of the top enclosure, bottom enclosure and/or hub enclosure. Further, any of the aforementioned components 112 comprising electronic circuitry may be configured in a hierarchical manner, master slave manner, and/or distributed manner. For instance, the electronic circuitry contained in one of the hub enclosures may be designated as a central, primary or master control for the linear network of wind turbine blade arrays with the electronic circuitry of other hub enclosures (a substation hub enclosure) performing local operations associated with one or a group of wind turbine blade arrays.

[0026] One or more of the components 112 may comprise a processor 114 on board any of the top enclosure 92, bottom enclosure 102 and/or hub enclosure 52. The processor 114 may be adapted and configured to store in an associated memory 116 at least one of (a) data representative of an operating condition associated with a component 112 contained in the respective wind turbine blade array 22, (b) data representative of a maintenance condition associated with a component contained in the respective wind turbine blade array; and (c) data representative of an environmental condition in which the linear network 20 of wind turbine arrays is located. The component 112 may be any one or more of items (i) through (x) mentioned in the preceding paragraph.

[0027] The processor 114 may also be adapted and configured for communication on a network 118 with a remote station 120. When connected on the network 118, the processor 114 may be adapted to at least one of transmit to and receive from the remote station 120 at least one of (a) the data representative of the operating condition associated with the component 112 contained in a wind turbine blade array 22, and (b) the data representative of the maintenance condition associated with the component contained in a wind turbine blade array; and (c) the data representative of the environmental condition in which the linear network 20 of wind turbine arrays is located. The processor 114 may be adapted and configured to generate signals for controlling any one or more of the components 112 contained in a wind turbine blade array whether locally from a human machine interface 122 (HMI) associated with a wind turbine blade array and/or from a remote station 120. Again, the component 112 may be any one or more of items (i) through (x) mentioned in the preceding paragraph. The remote station 120 may comprise any one or more of a laptop or desktop computer, a computer station, a mobile computing device, a remote server, a cloud computing platform, or a control station for an electrical grid.

[0028] It should be understood that the links between the processor 114, the memory 116, any databases and/or other components 112 of wind turbine blade array can be any type of communication link that supports data transfers, including but not limited to wired and/or wireless links. Moreover, such wired and/or wireless links can be implemented through one or more communication networks such as local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), the Internet, cellular networks, etc. The network 118 can be any data communications network capable of supporting communications between the processor 114, mobile devices, and remote stations 120. It should be understood that network 118 may comprise multiple data communication networks that interconnect to form a larger network. The network may be public, private, or a mix of public and private networks. Furthermore, it should be appreciated that the various links connecting the components of any wind turbine blade array can be wired or wireless links, or any combination thereof, or any other known or later developed element(s) that is capable of supplying and/or communicating data to and from the connected components. Later developed hardware, software, firmware, or combination thereof that is capable of performing the functionality associated with a component or wind turbine blade array in general may be employed.

[0029] Also, it should be appreciated that the processor 114 may be any data processing system, or similar electronic device, that manipulates and transforms data represented as physical (electronic) quantities within the system's registers and memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the system's memories or registers or other such information storage, transmission or display devices. The processor 114 may be specially constructed for the required purposes, or it may comprise a general purpose computer selectively activated or reconfigured by a computer program stored in the computer. Such a computer program may be stored in a machine (e.g. computer) readable storage medium, such as, but is not limited to, any type of disk including floppy disks, optical disks, CD-ROMs and magnetic-optical disks, read only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), erasable programmable ROMs (EPROMs), electrically erasable programmable ROMs (EEPROMs), magnetic or optical cards, or any type of media suitable for storing electronic instructions, and each coupled to a bus. Similarly, the processor 114 may be configured to execute software on at least one server, or the processor 114 may be implemented on known devices such as a personal computer, a special purpose computer, cellular telephone, personal digital assistant (PDA), a programmed microprocessor or microcontroller and peripheral integrated circuit element(s), and ASIC or other integrated circuit, a digital signal processor, a hard-wired electronic or logic circuit such as a discrete element circuit, a programmable logic device such as a PLD, PLA, FPGA, PAL, or the like. In general, any device capable of implementing the processes described herein can be used to implement the systems and techniques according to this disclosure.

[0030] As shown in FIGS. 8-14, each wind turbine blade array 22 has the blade formation or blade column 82 with one or more blade structures 86 on the shaft. In the drawings, the blade formation 82 is such that the height of the blade formation is greater than the width of the blade formation. The blade formation 82 for each shaft 80 may comprise one region of blade structure 86 vertically above another region of blade structure along the respective shaft axis 84. The one region of the blade structure 86 may have an angular offset 128 (FIG. 11) from the adjacent vertical region about the respective shaft axis 84 so as to collectively form a helical blade formation. For instance, as shown by example in FIGS. 8-14, the blade structure 86 may comprise first and second segments 130,132. The blade structure 86 of one region may be stacked vertically adjacent first and second segments 130,132 of the other region in six total regions to cumulatively form a helical arrangement for the blade formation 82. The blade formation may also be entirely helical without segmentation. The angular offset between the one region and the vertically adjacent region may be less than about 45 degrees. As an example, as shown in the drawings, the angular offset 128 between the one region and the vertically adjacent region is about 30 degrees. So, for the six regions shown in the example of the drawings, the total cumulative offset comprises about 180 degrees of rotation to form the helical arrangement about the shaft axis 84. Additionally, the segments in a region may be formed with overlap 134 (FIG. 11), that is, relative radial offset inward toward the shaft such that the segment overlap is radially relative to the shaft axis 84. The segments 130,132 may be arranged relative to the shaft 80 with a radial inward offset in order to generate the desired overlap 134.

[0031] In the case of a segmented arrangement for the blade formation, like segments 130,132 may be vertically stacked end to end with overlap and offset. To assist in construction of the blade formation, the ends of the segment may have a fastener arrangement 136 that connects with a support plate 138. The support plate 138 may be provided at the interface of the vertically adjacent segments. The support plate 138 may include connections on its top surface and bottom surface to allow connection with the fastener arrangement 136 of the vertically adjacent segments 130,132. The support plates may include a center coupling 140 for connection to the shaft of the blade formation. To generate angular offset 128 from one region of the blade structure 86 to the vertically adjacent region, one support plate 138 may be rotationally indexed relative to another vertically along the shaft 80. The support plate 138 may include the geometry necessary to form the radial overlap 134 of the segments 130,132 in the same region of the blade structure 86. An end plate 142 may be provided at the top most end of the top most segments and at the bottom most end of the bottom most segments. The end plate 142 may have a geometry similar to the support plate 138 and include a coupling 144 for coupling to the shaft. The end plate 142 assists in connecting the blade formation 82 to the respective shaft 80.

[0032] Further embodiments can be envisioned to one of ordinary skill in the art after reading this disclosure. In other embodiments, combinations or sub-combinations of the above disclosed invention can be advantageously made. The example arrangements of components are shown for purposes of illustration and it should be understood that combinations, additions, re-arrangements, and the like are contemplated in alternative embodiments of the present invention. Thus, while the invention has been described with respect to exemplary embodiments, one skilled in the art will recognize that numerous modifications are possible.