Small stove, stove core and shape of briquette assorted with smokeless combustion of combustible solids/semisolids

Abstract

A small stove assorted with smokeless combustion of combustible solids/semisolids, a stove core and a shape of briquette are to ensure that a cylindrical briquette stack is quickly ignited in a smokeless state. A section A stove core inner ring and a flame concentrator are made of a selected high-whiteness aluminum silicate fiber with superior thermal insulation/resistance effects, and are processed for, e.g., blocking the micropores inner circumferential surface, and a stove core outer ring is made of cheaper foam glass, foam ceramic or calcium silicate modules. An underlying briquette with a concave top is designed to enable an easy, convenient and fast alignment of vent holes. The overall cross-sectional area of the vent holes is expanded by 30%-50% as compared with the area of the anthracite briquettes with the same diameter, and the inner ring vent holes are mainly expanded.

Claims

1. A stove for smokeless combustion of combustible solids/semisolids, comprising: a first section in an upper part of the stove, a flame concentrator (6) disposed upon the first section, a slag outlet opening (5) in a lower part of the stove, a pyrophoric briquette (10) in a stove core and an underlying coal briquette (9) under the pyrophoric briquette (10), wherein the stove core resides in the first section and comprises a stove core inner ring (2) and a stove core outer ring (17) that are bonded together, and wherein the stove core inner ring (2), the flame concentrator (6) or the whole core are made of high-whiteness aluminum silicate fibers, the stove core outer ring (17) is made of foam glass, foam ceramic, or calcium silicate, and wherein the underlying coal briquette (9) is cylindrical in shape and comprises a recess on a top of thereof.

2. The stove according to claim 1, wherein the stove core inner ring (2) and the flame concentrator (6) are made of a high-whiteness aluminum silicate fiber, and the inner circumferential surface of the stove core is coated with a thin layer of magnesium oxide and a liquid basic mixture containing sodium silicate of more than 2.8 M, so as to increase the photo-thermal reflection effect, prevent the basic high-temperature slag from being adhered to the inner circumferential surface of the stove core, and block micropores to reduce radial heat loss, wherein the stove core inner ring (2) and the flame concentrator (6) are produced in modules for assembly of the stove, or by cutting and processing prefabricated standard modules on site, and the stove core is wrapped with a thermally insulating material (3).

3. The stove according to claim 1, wherein the underlying briquette (9) is a cylindrical in shape and has a diameter of 100 mm, a recess of a corresponding portion of an inner ring vent hole (13) is 10 mm and is in alignment with an outer circumferential surface of stacked briquettes, and any one of the outer ring vent holes (12) in the briquettes is aligned or two radially arranged outer ring vent holes (12) in the briquettes are aligned simultaneously.

4. The stove according to claim 1, wherein an overall cross-sectional area of the vent hole is expanded by 30-50%.

5. The stove according to claim 1, wherein a height of the pyrophoric briquette (10) is in a dynamic balance relationship with a height of the large combustion chamber (7), wherein the height is adjusted by the following method: greater contents of volatile component in the composition of the pyrophoric briquette (10) and the underlying briquette (9) and greater ambient and stove temperatures lead to a greatest height of the large combustion chamber (7), vice versa.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 illustrates the front radial cross-sectional view of a small stove assorted with the smokeless combustion of a cylindrical briquette with a diameter of 100 mm for warming, heating, cooking, production and operation used by scattered facilities, small/micro enterprises, scattered commercial/resident/peasant/farming households and the like, and is also designated as the drawing of the abstract;

(2) FIG. 2 illustrates a front radial cross-sectional view and a top view (arrangement of vent holes on a briquette) of an assorted underlying briquette (9) of a concave top;

(3) FIG. 3 illustrates a top view and a front radial cross-sectional view of an assorted flame concentrator (6); and

(4) FIG. 4 illustrates a front radial cross-sectional view and a top view of a straw/charcoal grate (11). Names of the various components in the four figures are as follows (ash hopper is quite common and is thus not numbered in the figures):

(5) 1 is an iron sheet stove shell, 2 is a section A stove core inner ring, 3 is a stove core outer thermally insulating layer, 4 is a secondary air inlet pipeline, 5 is an air inlet and slag outlet opening, 6 is a flame concentrator, 7 is a large combustion chamber, 8 is a pyrophoric cake, 9 is an underlying briquette, 10 is a pyrophoric briquette, 11 is a straw/charcoal grate, 12 is a vent hole outer ring, 13 is a vent hole inner ring, 14 is a lateral ventilation channel at bottom of straw/charcoal grate (not shown in the figures, please refer to the drawings of the parent patent), 15 is a stove grate, 16 is a top recess of underlying briquette, 17 is a section A stove core outer ring, 18 is a top shelter ring [including cover of stove core outer thermally insulating layer (3), not indicated with size], 19 is a section B stove core, 20 is a conventional thermally insulating/refractory material layer at the stove bottom, 21 is a flame concentrator central torch hole, and 22 is a flame concentrator pressure/volume balance hole

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(6) 1. After preparing a conventional thermally insulating/refractory material layer (20) at the stove bottom, a stove grate (15) and a section B stove core (19) are placed on the layer. A section A stove core inner ring (2) in its whole or in two semicircles and coated with a thin layer of basic optical-thermal reflecting material on the inner circumferential surface and an A section stove core outer ring (17) of which the inner circumferential surface is coated with a binder and liquid sodium silicate of more than 2.8 modules are bonded and combined to form a section A stove core, which is then placed above the section B stove core. A secondary air inlet pipeline (4) made of iron sheet is mounted, an outer thermal insulating layer (3) of the stove core is applied, and a cover and a top shelter ring (18) are mounted to form an assorted stove for the novel stove core.

(7) 2. A flame concentrator (6) according to FIG. 3 is produced.

(8) 3. Two underlying briquettes (9) and one pyrophoric briquette (10) are sequentially added, and the vent holes are aligned according to the method in this disclosure.

(9) 4. A pyrophoric cake (8) and a straw/charcoal grate (11) are placed on the pyrophoric briquette (10), and the vent holes are visually aligned. The air inlet and slag outlet opening (5) is adjusted to a position covering about ?, ? or ? of the ventilation area by using an ash hopper.

(10) 5. A small pinched paper strip of about 50 mm long is placed onto the surface of the straw/charcoal grate (11). The pyrophoric cake (8) is easily ignited in a smokeless state. The flame concentrator (6) is mounted and a large torch flame is quickly formed.

(11) 6. When the pyrophoric cake (8) is about to burn out or is burnt out in about 2-5 minutes, the flame length is generally shortened, which indicates the key moment for a successful smokeless ignition. At the moment, the straw/charcoal grate (11) is ignited and scorching to play a role in thermal insulation and continuously igniting the surface layer of the pyrophoric briquette (10). Soon the long flame combustion state is restored, and successful ignition becomes a probable event. If the flame is shortened to a greater extent or is about to disappear, the air supply should be reduced immediately. As long as the top vent holes of the pyrophoric briquette (10) are still scorching or have tiny flame, the long flame combustion state can be restored soon. After getting familiar with procedures, flameout will no longer be a concern. The air supply is increased after a few minutes until the firepower meets the requirements.

(12) 7. Within 10 minutes, (it can be observed that) the upper layer of the pyrophoric briquette (10) starts scorching at the height of about 5-10 mm, the large combustion chamber (7) also starts scorching, and a high-temperature region above the briquette stack is formed, which indicate that the briquette stack formally comes to a continuous good combustion state.

(13) 8. After the briquette stack is burnt out, or the scorching state disappears, the slags are slightly stirred to drop them into the ash hopper. The raw materials and auxiliary materials of the briquette do not contain toxic and harmful substances. The sulfur contained in the raw material is oxidized and neutralized into sulfate salts of calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium and iron in the course of combustion. The aqueous solution of the slag has a pH of 7-8, and may be used to produce a weak basic compound fertilizer by mixing with the retted green grass fertilizer (if necessary, other fertilizer components such as potassium humate and the like may be added), which is suitable for improving the granular structure and increasing the fertility of acidic clay. The slag of briquette made of a fuel (such as garbage) containing toxic heavy metal elements shall not be used as fertilizer and should be separately disposed.

(14) 9. A simple small/micro stove can intermittently employ the smokeless combustible briquette according to steps 1-8; the static-state, smokeless, efficient and clean combustion effect without air supply produces an exhaust gas with a cleaning degree similar to that of natural gas, which contains a lower fraction of nitrogen oxide than natural gas and thus can be directly discharged.

(15) Simple and cheap auxiliary materials, which are arranged inside the chimney and used for collecting trace dust, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and trace volatile organic matters, further improve the cleanness of the exhaust gas close to that of natural gas. Please pay attention to the subsequent patent application of the applicant.

(16) The present invention is illustrated by exemplary stoves, stove cores and shapes of briquette having a diameter of 100 mm with reference to the attached FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4, but is not limited thereto. Stove for non-forced combustion application varies in type. Briquettes of a cylindrical or rectangular columnar shape, large or small size, various combustible solids or semisolids and various formulations, is capable of using the thermally insulating/refractory stove core and the design of a large combustion chamber, the concave shape at the top of the underlying briquette and the expansion and reasonable arrangement of the vent holes. Along with other technical contents of Patent Application No. 201810390673.4, a smokeless, efficient and clean combustion in the whole process may be realized. Therefore, these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

(17) Please note that another set of subsequent patent applications assorted with the development and application of the present series of technologies, which are smokeless combustion techniques of the present invention integrated applicable to straw power plant, waste incineration power plant and coal-fired thermal power plant with a power of 300 MW or less, such that the plants are converted into centralized heating facilities producing low-pressure steam. Suitable fuels include: bituminous coal, water-containing lignite, weathered coal, peat, coke powder, coal gangue, coal slime, petroleum coke and coal coke containing more than 5% of sulfur, oil shale with high volatile content, straw and other agricultural and forestry wastes, waste plastics, waste rubber wheel and other artificial polymer wastes, waste oil materials, combustible domestic and industrial garbage. As such, a smokeless, efficient and clean combustion in its whole process may be realized.