NOVEL PESTICIDAL COMPOSITION

Abstract

The invention relates to a pesticidal composition comprising elemental sulphur in the range of 20% w/w to 90% w/w; fluensulfone or salts or derivatives thereof in the range of 0.1% to 30% w/w; and at least one excipient. The pesticidal composition is in the form of solid, liquid or gel. The pesticidal composition in the form of water dispersible granules; water dispersible granules of capsulated suspension; liquid suspension or a suspension concentrates; suspoemulsion or a combination of capsulated suspension and suspension concentrate (ZC) has particles size range of 0.1 to 30 microns and the pesticidal composition in the form of wettable powders has particles size range of 0.1 micron to 60 microns. The invention further relates to a process of preparation of the pesticidal composition and a method of treating a plant, crop, plant propagation material, locus or parts thereof, a seed, seedling or surrounding soil with the pesticidal composition.

Claims

1.-23. (canceled)

24. A pesticidal composition, comprising: elemental sulphur in a range of 20% w/w to 90% w/w of the pesticidal composition; fluensulfone or salts or derivatives or mixtures thereof in a range of 0.1% w/w to 30% w/w of the pesticidal composition; and at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.

25. The pesticidal composition of claim 24, wherein the pesticidal composition is in a form of a solid, a form of a liquid, or a form of a gel.

26. The pesticidal composition of claim 25, wherein the pesticidal composition in the form of a solid is in a form of one of: wettable powders, water dispersible granules, or water dispersible granules of capsulated suspension.

27. The pesticidal composition of claim 25, wherein the pesticidal composition is in the form of a solid.

28. The pesticidal composition of claim 25, wherein the pesticidal composition in the form of a liquid is in a form of one of: liquid suspension, suspension concentrate, suspoemulsion, or a ZC composition, and wherein the ZC composition comprises a combination of capsulated suspension and the suspension concentrate.

29. The pesticidal composition of claim 25, wherein the pesticidal composition in the form of a liquid comprises the elemental sulphur in a range of 20% w/w to 60% w/w of the pesticidal composition; and the fluensulfone or salts or derivatives or mixtures thereof in a range of 0.1% w/w to 15% w/w of the pesticidal composition.

30. The pesticidal composition of claim 26, wherein the pesticidal composition in the form of a solid is in the form of the water dispersible granules or the water dispersible granules of capsulated suspension, and wherein the water dispersible granules or the water dispersible granules of capsulated suspension are in a size range of from 0.1 mm to 3 mm.

31. The pesticidal composition of claim 24, wherein the pesticidal composition comprises particles in a size range of 0.1 micron to 30 microns.

32. The pesticidal composition of claim 24, wherein the pesticidal composition further comprises at least one active ingredient selected from: macronutrients; micronutrients; biostimulants; fertilizers; pesticidal actives; plant growth regulators; algae; and mixtures thereof.

33. The pesticidal composition of claim 24, wherein the at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient is selected from: surfactants, binders, or binding agents; wetting agents; emulsifiers; fillers or carriers or diluents; coating agents; buffers or pH adjusters or neutralizing agents; antifoaming agents or defoamers; penetrants; UV protecting agents; UV absorbents; UV rays scattering agents; stabilizers; pigments; colorants; structuring agents; chelating or complexing or sequestering agent; thickeners; suspending agents or suspension aid agents or anticaking agents or anti-settling agents; viscosity modifiers or rheology modifiers; tackifiers; humectants; spreading agents; sticking agents; anti-freezing agent or freeze point depressants; solvents; preservatives or bactericides or anti-fungal agents or biocides or anti-microbial agents or antioxidants, polymers, monomers, cross-linking agents, permeability enhancing agents, protective colloids; and mixtures thereof.

34. The pesticidal composition of claim 28, wherein the pesticidal composition in the form of a liquid has a viscosity of 10 cps to 3000 cps.

35. The pesticidal composition of claim 28, wherein the pesticidal composition in the form of a liquid has a pourability of less than 5% residue.

36. The pesticidal composition of claim 26, wherein the dispersibility of the pesticidal composition is at least 50%.

37. The pesticidal composition of claim 24, wherein the suspensibility of the pesticidal composition is at least 50%.

38. The pesticidal composition of claim 26, wherein the dispersibility of the pesticidal composition is at least 40% under accelerated storage conditions.

39. The pesticidal composition of claim 24, wherein the suspensibility of the pesticidal composition is at least 40% under accelerated storage conditions.

40. A process for preparing the pesticidal composition of claim 24 in a form of water dispersible granules, wherein the process comprises: a. obtaining a blend of the elemental sulphur and the fluensulfone or salts or derivatives or mixtures thereof with the at least one agrochemical excipient to obtain a slurry or a wet mix; and b. milling the wet mix or the slurry to a desired particle size; and c. drying the wet mix to obtain the pesticidal composition in the form of water dispersible granules.

41. A process for preparing the pesticidal composition of claim 24 in a form of a wettable powder, wherein the process comprises: a. mixing the fluensulfone or salts or derivatives or mixtures thereof with the at least one agrochemical excipient to obtain a first mixture; b. mixing the elemental sulphur with the at least one agrochemical excipient to obtain a second mixture; and c. milling the first mixture and the second mixture together and then drying to obtain the pesticidal composition in the form of a wettable powder.

42. A process for preparing the pesticidal composition of claim 24 in a form of water dispersible granules of capsulated suspension, wherein the process comprises: a. preparing a suspension concentrate of the elemental sulphur by: i. adding the at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient to a first water and then adding the elemental sulphur to the first water to form a slurry, and ii. milling the slurry using a suitable wet mill to obtain the suspension concentrate of the elemental sulphur, wherein the suspension concentrate of the elemental sulphur has particles of a desired size; b. preparing a capsulated suspension of the fluensulfone or salts or derivatives or mixtures thereof by: i. dissolving the fluensulfone or salts or derivatives or mixtures thereof in a suitable oil, adding a polymer precursor to the suitable oil and emulsifying the suitable oil in a second water using a suitable homogenizer, and ii. adding a crosslinker for the polymer precursor in the second water either alone or optionally along with the at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient; c. adding the capsulated suspension of fluensulfone or salts derivatives or mixtures thereof to the suspension concentrate of the elemental sulphur under continuous stirring to form a mixture; and d. adding the at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient to the mixture and then spray drying the mixture to obtain the pesticidal composition of in the form of water dispersible granules of capsulated suspension.

43. A process for preparing the pesticidal composition of claim 24 in a form of a liquid suspension, wherein the process comprises: a. homogenizing a mixture of the elemental sulphur, the fluensulfone or salts or derivatives or mixtures thereof, and the at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient to obtain a suspension; and b. wet milling the suspension to obtain the pesticidal composition in the form of a liquid suspension.

44. A process for preparing the pesticidal composition of claim 24 in a form of a suspoemulsion, wherein the process comprises: a. dissolving the fluensulfone or salts or derivatives or mixtures thereof in an oil or a solvent and preparing a concentrated emulsion with required agrochemical excipients to obtain a first fraction; b. mixing the elemental sulphur with the at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient to obtain a second fraction which is then milled to a desired particle size; and c. mixing the first fraction and the second fraction in a mass mixer to obtain the pesticidal composition in the form of a suspoemulsion.

45. A process for preparing the pesticidal composition of claim 24 in a form of a ZC composition, wherein the ZC composition comprises a combination of a suspension concentrate and a capsulated suspension composition, and wherein the process comprises: a. preparing a suspension concentrate of the elemental sulphur by: i. adding the at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient to a first water and suspending the elemental sulphur in the first water to form a slurry, and ii. milling the slurry using a suitable wet mill to obtain the suspension concentrate of the elemental sulphur, wherein the suspension concentrate of the elemental sulphur has particles of a desired size b. preparing a capsulated suspension of the fluensulfone or salts or derivatives or mixtures thereof by: i. dissolving the fluensulfone or salts or derivatives or mixtures thereof in a suitable oil, adding a polymer precursor to the suitable oil and emulsifying the suitable oil in a second water using a suitable homogenizer, and ii. adding a crosslinker for the polymer precursor to the second water either alone or optionally along with the at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient; c. adding the capsulated suspension of fluensulfone or salts or derivatives or mixtures thereof to the suspension concentrate of elemental sulphur under continuous stirring to form a mixture of suspension concentrate and capsulated suspension; and d. optionally, adding the at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient to the mixture of suspension concentrate and capsulated suspension, to obtain the pesticidal composition in the form of a ZC composition.

46. A method of treating at least one of: a) a plant, b) a crop, c) a plant propagation material, d) a locus, e) a seedling, f) parts or seed of any of a) through e), or g) soil, with the pesticidal composition of claim 24.

Description

A. PREPARATION EXAMPLES

[0143] The following examples illustrate the basic methodology and versatility of the composition of the invention. It should be noted that this invention is not limited to these exemplifications and can be extrapolated to overall claimed concentration range of the components.

Example 1: Wettable Powder Formulation of 85% Elemental Sulphur and 1% Fluensulfone

[0144] Wettable powder formulation was prepared by mixing 1 part of fluensulfone with 1 part of precipitated silica and 4 parts of Kaolin to obtain a first fraction. Further 85 parts of sulphur were mixed with 7 parts of sodium lignosulphonate and 2 parts of Naphthalene sulphonate condensate to obtain a second fraction. Both the fractions were then blended in a mass mixer for 30 minutes and then passed through an air jet mill to get the wettable powder composition with desired particle size.

[0145] The composition had the particle size of about 59 microns. The composition had a suspensibility of 53%, wet sieve retention value of 0.04% and wettability of less than 35 seconds. The composition further demonstrated suspensibility of about 47% and wettability of about 40 seconds under accelerated storage condition.

Example 2: Wettable Powder Formulation of 20% Elemental Sulphur and 20% Fluensulfone

[0146] Wettable powder formulation was prepared by mixing 20 parts of fluensulfone with 4 parts of alcohol ethoxylate, 20 parts of silica and 20 parts of china clay to obtain a first fraction. Further 20 parts of sulphur and 10 parts of zinc oxide were mixed with 3 parts of Supragil MNS 90, and 3 parts of Supragil WP to obtain a second fraction. Both the fractions were then mixed in a mass mixer for 30 minutes and then passed through an airjet mill to get the desired particle size.

[0147] The composition had the particle size of about 35 microns. The composition has a suspensibility of 60%, wettability of less than 10 seconds and wet sieve retention value of 0.10%. The composition further demonstrated wettability of 15 seconds and suspensibility of about 57% under accelerated storage condition.

Example 3: Wettable Powder Formulation of 45% Elemental Sulphur and 30% Fluensulfone

[0148] Wettable powder formulation was prepared by mixing 30 parts of fluensulfone with 3 parts of alcohol ethoxylate, 17 parts of silica and 2 parts of China clay to obtain a first fraction. 45 parts of sulphur were then mixed with 2 parts of Geropon T36 and 1 part of Geropon T77 to obtain a second fraction. Both the fractions were blended in a mass mixer for 30 minutes and then passed through an airjet mill to get the desired particle size.

[0149] The composition had the particle size of about 26 microns. The composition has a, suspensibility of 62%, wettability of less than 60 sec and wet sieve retention 0.12%.

[0150] The composition further demonstrated wettability of less than 55 seconds and suspensibility of about 55% under accelerated storage condition.

Example 4: Wettable Powder Formulation of 90% Elemental Sulphur and 0.1% Fluensulfone

[0151] Wettable powder formulation was prepared by mixing 0.1 part of fluensulfone with 4 parts of Kaolin. Further 90 parts of sulphur were mixed with 3.9 parts of sodium ligninsulphonate and 2 parts of Naphthalene sulphonate condensate. Both the fractions were then blended in a mass mixer for 30 minutes and then passed through an air jet mill to get the desired particle size.

[0152] The composition had the particle size of about 43 microns. The composition had a, suspensibility of 67%, wet sieve retention value of 0.08% and wettability of less than 30 seconds. The composition further demonstrated suspensibility of about 60% and wettability of 25 seconds under accelerated storage condition.

Example 5: Water Dispersible Granule of Elemental Sulphur 88% and 2% of Fluensulfone

[0153] Water dispersible granules were prepared by taking water in a beaker and surfactants including 1 part of naphthalenesulfonate condensate sodium salt, 4 parts of Stepsperse 500, 1 part of silica and 4 parts of Tensiofix LX were added to the beaker one after the other and stirred till the surfactants dissolved completely. Further 88 parts of sulphur technical was added and stirred to disperse well. Thereafter 2 parts of fluensulfone technical was added and mixed using a homogenizer for 15 minutes to obtain a slurry. The slurry was then passed through a wet mill to obtain the desired particle size range. The milled slurry was then spray dried using a suitable spray drying equipment. The composition had the particle size of about 20 microns and granule size of 2.5 mm.

[0154] The composition has a dispersibility of 81%, suspensibility of 71%, wettability of less than 30 seconds and wet sieve retention value of 0.09%. The composition further demonstrated dispersibility of 78%, wettability of less than 25 seconds and suspensibility of about 68% under accelerated storage condition. The composition does not exhibit any hardness.

Example 6: Water Dispersible Granule of Elemental Sulphur 20% and 10% of Fluensulfone

[0155] Water dispersible granules were prepared by taking water in a beaker and surfactants including 1 parts of naphthalenesulfonate condensate sodium salt, 4 parts of Stersperse 200, 5 parts of Vanillex N, 5 parts of silica and 50 parts of china clay were added to the beaker one after the other and stirred till the surfactants dissolved completely. Further 20 parts of sulphur technical and 5 parts of azoxystrobin were added and stirred to disperse well. Thereafter 10 parts of fluensulfone technical was added and mixed using a homogenizer for 15 minutes to obtain a slurry. The slurry was then passed through a wet mill to obtain the desired particle size range. The milled slurry was then spray dried using a suitable spray drier.

[0156] The composition had the particle size of about 5 microns and granule size of 1.2 mm. The composition has a dispersibility of 92%, suspensibility of 88%, wettability of less than 20 sec and wet sieve retention value of 0.07%. The composition further demonstrated dispersibility of 87%, wettability of less than 15 seconds and suspensibility of about 82% under accelerated storage condition. The composition does not exhibit any hardness.

Example 7: Water Dispersible Granule of Elemental Sulphur 50% and 0.1% of Fluensulfone

[0157] Water dispersible granules were prepared by taking water in a beaker and adding surfactants including 1 part of Borresperse CA, 3 parts of polycarboxylate sodium and 6 parts of maltodextrin along with 34.9 parts of china clay were added to the beaker one after the other and stirred till the surfactants dissolved completely. Further 50 parts of sulphur technical and 5 parts of spirulina were added and stirred to disperse well. Thereafter 0.1 part of fluensulfone technical was added and mixed using a homogenizer for 15 minutes to obtain a slurry. The slurry was then passed through a wet mill to obtain the desired particle size range. The milled slurry was then spray dried using a suitable spray drier.

[0158] The composition had the particle size of about 28 microns and granule size of 2.0 mm. The composition has a dispersibility of 74%, suspensibility of 65%, wettability of less than 9 sec and wet sieve retention value of 0.1%. The composition further demonstrated dispersibility of 70%, wettability of less than 5 seconds and suspensibility of about 60% under accelerated storage condition. The composition does not exhibit any hardness.

Example 8: Liquid Suspension Composition of 60% Elemental Sulphur and 0.1% Fluensulfone

[0159] Liquid suspension composition was prepared by taking water (quantity sufficient) in a beaker and adding surfactants such as 2 parts of Resicare MSW, 2 parts of Soprophor FL along with 5 parts of Monoethylene glycol, 4.6 parts of alcohol ethoxylate, 0.1 part of benzisothiazolinone. The components were mixed well to obtain a mixture and 60 parts of elemental sulphur and 0.1 part of fluensulphone technical were added to the mixture. The resulting mixture was stirred well and milled to get desired particle size. Then, 0.07 parts of xanthan gum was added under continuous homogenization to obtain the suspension concentrate.

[0160] The resulting formulation had a particle size of 3 microns, suspensibility of 88% and wet sieve retention of 0.01%. The pH of the suspension concentrate was 5.5. The composition has a viscosity of about 400 cps, pourability of less than 3.5% residue. The composition has suspensibility of about 80% and viscosity of about 360 cps under accelerated storage condition.

Example 9: Liquid Suspension Composition of 30% Elemental Sulphur and 1% Fluensulfone

[0161] Liquid suspension composition was prepared by taking water (quantity sufficient) in a beaker and adding surfactants such as 2 parts of dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium, 1.8 parts of naphthalene sulphonate condensate along with 5 parts of Monoethylene glycol, 2 parts of Soprophor 3D33 and 0.1 part of benzisothiazolinone. The components were mixed well to obtain a mixture and 30 parts of elemental sulphur and 1 part of fluensulphone technical were added to the mixture. The resulting mixture was stirred well and milled to get desired particle size. Then, 0.1 part of xanthan gum was added under continuous homogenization to obtain the suspension concentrate.

[0162] The resulting formulation had a particle size of 14 microns, suspensibility of 99% and wet sieve retention of 0.03%. The pH of the suspension concentrate was 7.1. The composition has a suspensibility of about 99%, viscosity of about 350 cps and a pourability of less than 1% residue. The composition has suspensibility of about 95%, and viscosity of about 320 cps under accelerated storage condition.

Example 10: Liquid Suspension Composition of 20% Elemental Sulphur and 5% Fluensulfone

[0163] Liquid suspension composition was prepared by taking water (quantity sufficient) in a beaker and adding surfactants such as 2 parts of polysorbate 20, 2 parts of Morwet D425 along with 10 parts of propylene glycol, 1.5 parts of Tersperse 2500 and 0.1 part of benzisothiazolinone. The components were mixed well to obtain a mixture and 20 parts of elemental sulphur along with 5 parts of fluensulphone technical were added to the mixture. The resulting mixture was stirred well and milled to get desired particle size. Then, 0.08 part of xanthan gum was added under continuous homogenization to obtain the suspension concentrate.

[0164] The resulting formulation had a particle size of 9.6 microns, suspensibility of 90% and wet sieve retention of 0.04%. The pH of the suspension concentrate was 6.8 The composition has a viscosity of about 800 cps and a pourability of less than 2% residue. The composition has suspensibility of about 84%, and viscosity of about 810 cps under accelerated storage condition.

Example 11: Suspoemulsion Composition of 20% Elemental Sulphur and 15% Fluensulfone

[0165] To a sufficient quantity of water in a beaker, 5 parts of monoethylene glycol followed by 5 parts of Soprophor 3D33, 2 parts of polysorbate 85 and 0.1 part Benzisothiazolinone was added to obtain a mixture. 20 parts of sulphur was then added to the mixture and the suspension obtained was uniformly mixed using a homogenizer and then passed through a wet mill to get the desired particle size range. 15 parts of fluensulfone was then dissolved in 5 parts of Solvesso 100 and 1.5 parts of calcium salt of alkylbenzene sulfonate was then added to the mixture. The Fluensulfone mixture was then added to the milled sulphur suspension. Further 0.12 parts of xanthan gum was added to get the desired viscosity.

[0166] The composition has particle size of about 17 microns, suspensibility of about 81%, viscosity of about 420 cps, and pourability of less than 1.5%, wet sieve retention of 0.01%. The composition has suspensibility of about 78%, and viscosity of about 370 cps under accelerated storage condition.

Example 12: Suspoemulsion Composition of 35% Elemental Sulphur and 10% Fluensulfone

[0167] 3.5 parts of alcohol ethoxylate followed by 2 parts of Powerblox SN, 2 parts of Stepac TSPK, 0.1 part of Benzisothiazolinone and 5 parts of propylene glycol were added to a sufficient quantity of water in a beaker. To this mixture 35 parts of elemental sulphur followed by mixture of 10 parts of fluensulfone and 5 parts of Garasol 110 and 1 part of diocotyl sulfosuccinate sodium was added. The slurry obtained was blended using a lab homogenizer for 30 minutes and milled using a bead mill to get the desired particle size. 0.1 parts of Xanthan gum was added to the milled mixture to get the desired viscosity

[0168] The composition has particle size of about 7 microns, suspensibility of about 85, viscosity of about 390 cps, and pourability of less than 1%, wet sieve retention of 0.01%. The composition has suspensibility of about 82%, and viscosity of about 410 cps under accelerated storage condition.

Example 13: Suspoemulsion Composition of 55% Elemental Sulphur and 0.1% Fluensulfone

[0169] To a sufficient quantity of water in a beaker, 5 parts of monoethylene glycol, 4.5 parts of alcohol ethoxylate, 2 parts of Resicare MSW and 0.1 part of Benzisothiazolinone was added to obtain a mixture. 55 parts of sulphur was then added to the mixture and the suspension obtained was uniformly mixed using a homogenizer and then passed through a wet mill to get the desired particle size range. 0.1 parts of fluensulfone was then dissolved in 5 parts of C9 hydrocarbon solvent and 2 parts of Soprophor 3D33 was then added to the mixture. The Fluensulfone mixture was then added to the milled sulphur suspension. Further 0.08 parts of xanthan gum was added to get the desired viscosity.

[0170] The composition has particle size of about 23 microns, suspensibility of about 97%, viscosity of about 480 cps, and pourability of less than 2%, wet sieve retention of 0.02%. The composition has suspensibility of about 90%, and viscosity of about 450 cps under accelerated storage condition.

Example 14: ZC Composition of 30% Elemental Sulphur and 15% Fluensulfone

[0171] Firstly Sulphur slurry was prepared by taking sufficient quantity of water (quantity sufficient) in a beaker and adding the surfactants such as 5 parts of Tamol DN and 5 parts of monoethylene glycol. 30 parts of Sulphur was then added and milled to get the desired particle size. To obtain the fluensulfone capsulated suspension 15 parts of Fluensulfone and 10 parts of Solvesso 200ND was mixed. Further a solution of 2 parts of Gohsenol GH17R was prepared in water. 1.5 parts of toluene diisocyanate was added to the oil phase and add dropwise to the Gohsenol solution in water at 50 degrees C. Further 0.5 parts of Ethylenediamine was dissolved in water, followed by 0.2 parts of acetic acid. The pH was adjusted to 6.0-7.5 using 0.05 parts of sodium hydroxide solution. Thereafter, the milled suspension of Sulphur and Fluensulfone CS in 1:1 w/w ratio was mixed. 0.1 parts of xanthan gum and 0.1 part of Benzisothiazolinone were then added under stirring. The resulting ZC composition had a Sulphur content of 30% and Fluensulfone content of 15%. The composition has particles with size of about 13 microns with suspensibility of 96%, dispersibility of 85%. The composition has suspensibility of about 90%, under accelerated storage condition.

Example 15: ZC Composition of 20% Elemental Sulphur and 10% Fluensulfone

[0172] Firstly Sulphur slurry was prepared by taking sufficient quantity of water (quantity sufficient) in a beaker and adding the surfactants such as 5 parts of Soprophor 3D33 parts of monoethylene glycol and 2 parts of Resicare MSW. 20 parts of Sulphur was then added and milled to get the desired particle size. To obtain the fluensulfone capsulated suspension 10 parts of Fluensulfone and 5 parts of Solvesso 200ND was mixed. Further a solution of 1.5 parts of Kuraray Poval 3-98 was prepared in water. 1.5 parts of Polymethylene diisocyanate was added to the oil phase and added dropwise to the Kuraray Poval 3-98 solution in water at 50 degrees C. Further 1.25 parts of Trimethylol propane was dissolved in water and added to the dispersion. Thereafter, the milled suspension of Sulphur and Fluensulfone CS in 1:1 w/w ratio was mixed. 0.12 parts of xanthan gum and 0.1 part of Benzisothiazolinone were then added under stirring. The resulting ZC composition had a Sulphur content of 21% and Fluensulfone content of 10%.

[0173] The composition has particles with size of about 18 microns with suspensibility of 89%, The composition has suspensibility of about 78%, under accelerated storage condition.

Example 16: ZC Composition of 25% Elemental Sulphur and 1% Fluensulfone

[0174] Firstly, Sulphur slurry was prepared by taking sufficient quantity of water (quantity sufficient) in a beaker and adding the surfactants such as 3 parts of Polycarboxylate sodium, 5 parts of propylene glycol and 2 parts of Morwet D425. 25 parts of Sulphur was then added and milled to get the desired particle size. To obtain the fluensulfone capsulated suspension, 1 part of Fluensulfone and 5 parts of Garosol 110 was mixed. Further a solution of 1.5 parts of Kuraray Poval 3-98 was prepared in water. 1.5 parts of Polymethylene diisocyanate was added to the oil phase and add dropwise to the Kuraray Poval 3-98 in water at 50 degrees C. Further 0.5 parts of ethylene diamine was dissolved in water, followed by 0.2 parts of citric acid. The pH was adjusted to 6.0-7.5 using 0.05 parts of potassium hydroxide solution. Thereafter, the milled suspension of Sulphur and Fluensulfone CS in 1:1 w/w ratio was mixed. 0.11 parts of xanthan gum and 0.1 part of Benzisothiazolinone were added under stirring. The resulting ZC composition had a Sulphur content of 25% and Fluensulfone content of 5%.

[0175] The composition has particles with size of about 15 microns with suspensibility of 87%. The composition has suspensibility of about 81% under accelerated storage condition.

Example 17: Water Dispersible Granules of Capsulated Suspension of 60% Elemental Sulphur and 20% Fluensulfone

[0176] Firstly, a slurry of 60 parts of sulphur with 5 parts of Tamol DN and 5 parts of Lignin sulphonate sodium was prepared in water and milled using a suitable mill to get a desired particle size. Further to prepare the capsulated suspension composition, 20 parts of Fluensulfone were mixed with 5 parts of Solvesso 200ND. A solution of 2 parts of Gohsenol GH17R in water was then prepared. 1.5 parts of Toluene diisocyanate was added to the oil phase and which was added dropwise to the Gohsenol solution in water at 50 degrees C. Further 0.75 parts of Soprophor TSPK, 0.5 parts ethylenediamine was dissolved in water, followed by 0.2 parts of Acetic acid. The pH was then Adjusted to 6.0-7.5 using 0.05 parts Sodium hydroxide solution. Further the milled slurry of Sulphur and the CS of Fluensulfone was mixed and the resulting dispersion was spray dried to obtain water dispersible granules of capsulated suspension.

[0177] The composition has a particle size of 10 microns, suspensibility of 91%, dispersibility of 86%, and wettability of 30 seconds. The composition has suspensibility of about 87%, dispersibility of 80% under accelerated storage condition.

Example 18: Water Dispersible Granules of Capsulated Suspension of 20% Elemental Sulphur and 30% Fluensulfone

[0178] Firstly, a slurry of 20 parts of sulphur with 3 parts of polycarboxylate sodium and 10 parts of Lignin sulphonate sodium was prepared in water and milled using a suitable mill to get a desired particle size. Further to prepare the capsulated suspension composition, 30 parts of Fluensulfone were mixed with 7 parts of acetophenone. A solution of 2 parts of Kuraray 3-98 in water was then prepared. 1.5 parts of Polymethylene diisocyanate was added to the oil phase and which was added dropwise to the Kuraray 3-98 solution in water at 50 degrees C. 0.5 parts ethylenediamine was dissolved in water, followed by 0.2 parts of citric acid were added. The pH was then Adjusted to 6.0-7.5 using 0.05 parts Sodium hydroxide solution. Further 0.75 parts of Naphthalene sulphonate sodium, 25 parts of sodium sulphate were added. Further the milled slurry of Sulphur and the CS of Fluensulfone was mixed and the resulting dispersion was spray dried to get a suitable dry capsulated formulation in the form of water dispersible granules. The composition has particle size of 12 microns, suspensibility of 80%, dispersibility of 65%, and wettability of 80 seconds. The composition has suspensibility of about 75%, dispersibility of 61% under accelerated storage condition and wettability of 88 seconds after ATS.

Example 19: Water Dispersible Granules of Capsulated Suspension of 40% Elemental Sulphur and 0.10% Fluensulfone

[0179] Firstly, a slurry of 40 parts of sulphur with 3 parts of polycarboxylate sodium and 3 parts of Morwet D425 was prepared in water and milled using a suitable mill to get a desired particle size. Further to prepare the capsulated suspension composition, 0.1 parts of Fluensulfone were mixed with 5 parts of Solvesso 100. A solution of 2 parts of Kuraray 3-98 in water was then prepared. 1.5 parts of hexamethylene diisocyanate was added to the oil phase and which was added dropwise to the Kuraray 3-98 solution in water at 50 degrees C. To this dispersion 0.5 parts ethylenediamine dissolved in water, followed by 0.2 parts of citric acid was added. The pH was then Adjusted to 6.0-7.5 using 0.05 parts Sodium hydroxide solution. Further 1.75 parts of Morwet EFW, 9 parts of ammonium sulphate, 10 parts of Borresperse NA and 23.9 parts of China clay were added. Further the milled slurry of Sulphur and the CS of Fluensulfone was mixed and the resulting dispersion was spray dried to get a suitable dry capsulated formulation in the form of water dispersible granules. The composition has particle size of 8.8 microns, suspensibility of 84%, dispersibility of 68%, and wettability of 48 seconds. The composition has suspensibility of about 82%, dispersibility of 60% under accelerated storage condition, wettability after ATS 54

A. Field Study:

Field Trial 1: To Study Effect of Elemental Sulphur and Fluensulfone for Controlling Nematode Pest in Cowpea.

[0180] The field trials were carried out to study the effect of the composition of elemental sulphur and fluensulfone on controlling nematode pests in cowpea. The trial was laid out during Rabi season i.e. January to April in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with ten treatments including untreated control, replicated four times. The test product sample, sulphur and fluensulfone, alone and in combination in prescribed dosages were applied as soil application after planting of cow pea seeds in the trial plot. The cow pea crop in trial field was raised following good agricultural practice.

Details of Experiment

[0181] a) Trial Location: Idar, Gujarat [0182] b) Crop: Cow Pea (var. Keshvin seeds) [0183] c) Experiment season: Rabi [0184] d) Trial Design: RBD [0185] e) Replications: Four [0186] f) Treatments: Ten [0187] g) Plot size: 5?6=30 sqm [0188] h) Date of sowing: 08.01.2022 [0189] i) Date of Application: 08.01.2022 [0190] j) Method of application: Soil application [0191] k) Date of Harvesting: 8.04.2022

[0192] The observation on crop damage caused by Meloidogyne incognita were recorded at 90 days after planting of the cow pea plant from each plot and the percentage control was calculated using following formula:

[00001]$\mathrm{Control}\left(\%\right)=[\mathrm{Damage}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{control}\mathrm{plot}-\mathrm{Damage}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{treated}\mathrm{plot})/$$\mathrm{Damage}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{control}\mathrm{plot}]?100$

[0193] The mean data on control against the nematode pests along with the grain yield was recorded at harvest and is presented in the Tables 1 and 2:

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 % Re- *No of duction nod- of ules/ nema- plant tode Active (Mean infection ingredient of 10 over Yield % Treat- (grams/ha) plants) control in yield ment Com- Sul- Fluen- at 90 (90 Kg/ in- No. position phur sulfone DAS DAS) HA crease T1 Sulphur 9000 20 9.2 85.23 1530 56.12 90% + *(75.79) Fluensulfone 0.2% WP @ 10000 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T2 Sulphur 9000 20 9.4 84.91 1510 54.08 45% + *(75.79) Fluensulfone 0.1% WP @ 20000 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T3 Fluensulfone 20 33.2 46.70 1010 3.06 2% Gr@ *(75.79) 1000 g/ha T4 Sulphur 80% 9000 28.3 54.57 1400 42.85 WG @ *(75.79) 11250 g/ha T5 Untreated 62.3 980 Control WP: Wettable powder compositions DAS: Days after spray *Synergy calculation *Higher the number of nodules observed, greater is the nematode infestation.

[0194] It can be seen from table 1 that the application of Treatment 1 with Sulphur 9000+Fluensulfone 0.2% wettable powder @ 10000 g/ha and Treatment 2 with Sulphur 45%+Fluensulfone 0.1% wettable powder @ 20000 g/ha, as per the embodiment of present invention was highly effective in controlling the nematode pests in cow pea at 90 days after application as compared to the Treatments 3 and 4 where sulphur and fluensulfone are applied individually. It can be seen that Treatments 1 and 2 showed a 85.23% and 84.91% reduction in nematode control over the untreated control as compared to treatments 3 and 4 with individual actives which only showed a 46.70% and 54.57% reduction in nematode control over the untreated, respectively. The results are all the more surprising as the dosages of sulphur and fluensulfone applied in individual treatments and in combination are the same. The surprising synergistic results of treatment 1 and 2, are attributed to the composition of sulphur and fluensulfone, as per the embodiments of the invention, where both the actives are present in a single composition in specific concentration. The enhanced efficacy is further attributed to the form of the composition, i.e. wettable powder as shown in the present study, which includes particles in the size range of 0.1 micron to 60 microns.

[0195] Further, the composition as per the embodiment of the present invention, on account of significant control of the nematode population and due to the presence of sulphur in the composition, not only assists in controlling the pests, but also additionally provides nutrition to the plant, thus showing a significant enhancement in the yield as well as other crop characteristics such as plant height, root length and improved foliage, as compared to the yield observed with individual applications of sulphur and fluensulfone.

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 % Re- *No of duction nod- of ules/ nema- plant tode Active (Mean infection ingredient of 10 over Yield % Treat- (grams/ha) plants) control in yield ment Sul- Fluen- at 90 (90 Kg/ in- No. Composition phur sulfone DAS DAS) HA crease T1 Sulphur 720 540 2.3 96.58 1370 35.64 40% + *(85.24) Fluensulfone 30% WP @ 1800 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T2 Sulphur 720 540 2.7 95.99 1390 37.62 20% + *(85.24) Fluensulfone 15% WP @ 3600 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T3 Fluensulfone 540 11.3 83.23 1140 12.87 2% Gr@, *(85.24) 27000 g/ha T4 Sulphur 720 59.3 12.01 1190 17.82 80% *(85.24) WG @ 900 g/ha T5 Untreated 67.4 1010 Control WP: Wettable powder compositions DAS: Days after spray *Synergy calculation *Higher the number of nodules observed per plant, greater is the nematode infestation

[0196] It can be seen from table 2 that the application of Treatment 1 with Sulphur 40%+Fluensulfone 30% wettable powder composition it 1800 g/ha and Treatment 2 with Sulphur 20%+Fluensulfone 15% wettable powder composition@ 3600 g/ha, as per the embodiments of present invention, was highly effective in controlling the nematode pests in cow pea at 90 Days after application as compared to the Treatments 3 and 4 where sulphur and fluensulfone are applied individually. It can be seen that Treatments 1 and 2 showed a 96.58 and 95.99% reduction in nematode control over the untreated control as compared to treatments 3 and 4 with individual actives which showed a poor control over the untreated. The results are all the more surprising as the dosages of sulphur and fluensulfone applied in individual treatments and in combination are the same. The surprising synergistic results of treatment 1 and 2, are attributed to the composition of sulphur and fluensulfone, as per the embodiments of the invention, where both the actives are present in a single composition in specific concentration. The enhanced efficacy is further attributed to the form of the composition, i.e. wettable powder as shown in the present study, which includes particles in the size range of 0.1 micron to 60 microns.

[0197] Further, the composition as per the embodiment of the present invention, on account of significant control of the nematode population and due to the presence of sulphur in the composition not only assists in controlling the pests, but also additionally provides nutrition to the plant, thus showing a significant enhancement in the yield as well as other crop characteristics such as plant height, root length and improved foliage, as compared to the yield observed with individual applications of sulphur and fluensulfone.

Field Trial 2: To Study Effect of Elemental Sulphur and Fluensulfone for Controlling Nematode Pest in Cowpea.

[0198] The field trials were carried out to study the effect of the composition of elemental sulphur and fluensulfone on controlling nematode pests in cowpea. The trial was laid out during Rabi season i.e. January to April in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with ten treatments including untreated control, replicated four times. The test product sample, sulphur and fluensulfone, alone and in combination with prescribed dose were applied as soil application after planting of cow pea seeds in the trial plot. The cow pea crop in trial field was raised following good agricultural practice.

Details of Experiment

[0199] a) Trial Location: Prantij, Gujarat [0200] b) Crop: Cow Pea (var. Keshvin seeds) [0201] c) Experiment season: Rabi [0202] d) Trial Design: RBD [0203] e) Replications: Four [0204] f) Treatments: Ten [0205] g) Plot size: 5?6=30 sqm [0206] h) Date of sowing: 10.01.2022 [0207] i) Date of Application: 10.01.2022 [0208] j) Method of application: Soil application [0209] k) Date of Harvesting: 10.04.2022

[0210] The observation on crop damage caused by Meloidogyne incognita were recorded at 90 days after planting of the cow pea plant from each plot and the percentage control was calculated using following formula:

[00002]$\mathrm{Control}\left(\%\right)=[\mathrm{Damage}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{control}\mathrm{plot}-\mathrm{Damage}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{treated}\mathrm{plot})/$$\mathrm{Damage}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{control}\mathrm{plot}]?100$

[0211] The mean data on control against the nematode pests along with the grain yield was recorded at harvest and is presented in the Tables 3 and 4:

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 % *No Re- of duction nod- of % ules/ nema- yield plant tode in- Active (Mean infection crease ingredient of 10 over Yield over Treat- (grams/ha) plants) control in un- ment Sul- fluen- at 90 (90 kg/ treated No. Composition phur sulfone DAS DAS) ha control T1 Sulphur 3520 40 7.7 85.58 1430 40.19 88% + *(55.97) Fluensulfone 1% WG @ 4000 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T2 Sulphur 3520 40 7.4 86.14 1410 38.23 44% + *(55.97) Fluensulfone 0.5% WG @ 8000 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T3 Fluensulfone 40 28.4 46.81 1070 4.90 2% Gr@ *(55.97) 2000 g/ha T4 Sulphur 3520 44.2 17.22 1240 21.56 80% WG *(55.97) @ 4400 g/ha T5 Untreated 53.4 1020 Control WG: Water dispersible granular composition DAS: Days after spray *Synergy calculation *Higher the number of nodules observed per plant, greater is the nematode infestation

[0212] It can be seen from table 3 that the application of Treatment 1 with Sulphur 88%+Fluensulfone T1% water dispersible granules it 4000 g/ha and Treatment 2 with Sulphur 44%+Fluensulfone 0.50% water dispersible granules it 8000 g/ha, as per the embodiment of present invention, showed a 85.58% and 86.14% reduction in nematode control over the untreated control, as compared to treatments 3 and 4 with individual actives which only showed a 46.81% and 17.22% reduction in nematode control over the untreated, respectively. Treatments with compositions as per the embodiments of the present invention were highly effective in controlling the nematode pests in cow pea at 90 days after application as compared to the Treatments 3 and 4 where sulphur and fluensulfone are applied individually. The surprising enhancement in efficacy is observed with compositions as per the embodiment of the present invention, even though the dosages of sulphur and fluensulfone applied in individual treatments and in compositions as per the present invention are the same. The surprising synergistic results of treatment 1 and 2, are attributed to the composition of sulphur and fluensulfone, as per the embodiments of the invention, where both the actives are present in a single composition in specific concentration. The enhanced efficacy is further attributed to the form of the composition, i.e. water dispersible granules as shown in the present study, which includes particles in the size range of 0.1 micron to 30 microns.

[0213] Further, the composition as per the embodiment of the present invention, on account of significant control of the nematode population and due to the presence of sulphur in the composition not only assists in controlling the pests, but also additionally provides nutrition to the plant, thus showing a significant enhancement in the yield as well as other crop characteristics such as plant height, root length and improved foliage, as compared to the yield observed with individual applications of sulphur and fluensulfone.

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 % *No Re- of duction nod- of % ules/ nema- yield plant tode in- Active (Mean infection crease ingredient of 10 over Yield over Treat- (grams/ha) plants) control in un- ment Sul- fluen- at 90 (90 kg/ treated No. Composition phur sulfone DAS DAS) ha control T1 Sulphur 1000 250 6.5 89.63 1390 41.83 40% + *(80.51) Fluensulfone 10% WG @ 2500 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T2 Sulphur 1000 250 6.3 89.95 1380 40.81 20% + *(80.51) Fluensulfone 5% WG @ 5000 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T3 Fluensulfone 250 14.4 77.03 1230 20.32 2% Gr@ *(80.51) 12500 g/ha T4 Sulphur 1000 53.2 15.15 1140 16.32 80% *(80.51) WG @ 1250 g/ha T5 Untreated 62.7 980 Control WG: Water dispersible granular composition DAS: Days after spray *Synergy calculation *Higher the number of nodules observed per plant, greater is the nematode infestation

[0214] It can be seen from table 4 that the application of Treatment 1 with Sulphur 40%+Fluensulfone 1% water dispersible granules @ 2500 g/ha and Treatment 2 with Sulphur 22%+Fluensulfone 50% water dispersible granules @ 5000 g/ha, as per the embodiment of present invention, showed a 89.63% and 89.95% reduction in nematode control over the untreated control as compared to treatments 3 and 4 with individual actives which only showed a 77.03% and 15.15% reduction in nematode control over the untreated, respectively. Treatments with compositions as per the embodiments of the present invention were highly effective in controlling the nematode pests in cow pea at 90 days after application as compared to the Treatments 3 and 4 where sulphur and fluensulfone are applied individually. The surprising enhancement in efficacy is observed with compositions of the present invention even though the dosages of sulphur and fluensulfone applied in individual treatments and in compositions as per the present invention are the same. The surprising synergistic results of treatment 1 and 2, are attributed to the composition of sulphur and fluensulfone, as per the embodiments of the invention, where both the actives are present in a single composition in specific concentration. The enhanced efficacy is further attributed to the form of the composition, i.e. i.e. water dispersible granules as shown in the present study, which includes particles in the size range of 0.1 micron to 30 microns.

[0215] Further, the composition as per the embodiment of the present invention, on account of significant control of the nematode population and due to the presence of sulphur in the composition not only assists in controlling the pests, but also additionally provides nutrition to the plant, thus showing a significant enhancement in the yield as well as other crop characteristics such as plant height, root length and improved foliage, as compared to the yield observed with individual applications of sulphur and fluensulfone.

Field Trial 3: To Study Effect of Elemental Sulphur and Fluensulfone for Controlling Nematode Pest in Cowpea.

[0216] The field trials were carried out to study the effect of the composition of elemental sulphur and fluensulfone on controlling nematode pests in cowpea. The trial was laid out during Rabi season i.e. January to April in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with ten treatments including untreated control, replicated six times. The test product sample, sulphur and fluensulfone, alone and in combination with prescribed dose were applied as soil application after planting of cow pea seeds in the trial plot. The cow pea crop in trial field was raised following good agricultural practice.

Details of Experiment

[0217] a) Trial Location: Gandhinagar, Gujarat [0218] b) Crop: Cow Pea (var. Keshvin seeds) [0219] c) Experiment season: Rabi [0220] d) Trial Design: RBD [0221] e) Replications: four [0222] f) Treatments: Ten [0223] g) Plot size: 5?6=30 sqm [0224] h) Date of sowing: 15.01.2022 [0225] i) Date of Application: 15.01.2022 [0226] j) Method of application: Soil application [0227] k) Date of Harvesting: 15.04.2022

[0228] The observation on crop damage caused by Meloidogyne incognita were recorded at 90 days after planting of the cow pea plant from each plot and the percentage control was calculated using following formula:

[00003]$\mathrm{Control}\left(\%\right)=[\mathrm{Damage}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{control}\mathrm{plot}-\mathrm{Damage}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{treated}\mathrm{plot})/$$\mathrm{Damage}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{control}\mathrm{plot}]?100$

[0229] The mean data on control against the nematode pests along with the grain yield was recorded at harvest and is presented in the Tables 5 and 6:

TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 % *No Re- of duction nod- of ules/ nema- plant tode Active (Mean infection ingredient of 10 over Yield % Treat- (grams/ha) plants) control in yield ment Sul- Fluen- at 90 (90 kg/ in- No. Composition phur sulfone DAS DAS) ha crease T1 Sulphur 720 240 6.1 90.28 1390 29.90 60% + *(76.22) Fluensulfone 20% water dispersible granules of capsulated suspension @ 1200 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T2 Sulphur 720 240 6.2 90.12 1410 31.77 30% + *(76.22) Fluensulfone 10% water dispersible granules of capsulated suspension @ 2400 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T3 Fluensulfone 240 17.3 72.45 1190 11.21 2% Gr@ *(76.22) 12000 g/ha T4 Sulphur 80% 720 54.2 13.69 1230 14.95 WG @ *(76.22) 900 g/ha T5 Untreated 62.8 1070 Control DAS: Days after spray *Synergy calculation *Higher the number of nodules observed per plant, greater is the nematode infestation

[0230] It can be seen from table 5 that the application of Treatment 1 with Sulphur 60%+Fluensulfone 20% water dispersible granules of capsulated suspension @ 1200 g/ha and Treatment 2 with Sulphur 30%+Fluensulfone 10% water dispersible granules of capsulated suspension A 2400 g/ha, as per the embodiment of present invention, showed a 90.28% and 90.12% reduction in nematode over the untreated control as compared to treatments 3 and 4 with individual actives which only showed a 72.45% and 13.69% reduction in nematode control over the untreated, respectively. Treatments with compositions as per the embodiments of the present invention were highly effective in controlling the nematode pests in cow pea at 90 days after application as compared to the Treatments 3 and 4 where sulphur and fluensulfone are applied individually. The surprising enhancement in efficacy is observed with compositions of the present invention even though the dosages of sulphur and fluensulfone applied in individual treatments and in compositions as per the present invention are the same. The surprising synergistic results of treatment 1 and 2, are attributed to the composition of sulphur and fluensulfone, as per the embodiments of the invention, where both the actives are present in a single composition in specific concentration. The enhanced efficacy is further attributed to the form of the composition, i.e. water dispersible granules of capsulated suspension as shown in the present study, which includes particles in the size range of 0.1 micron to 30 microns.

[0231] Further, the composition as per the embodiment of the present invention, on account of significant control of the nematode population and due to the presence of sulphur in the composition not only assists in controlling the pests, but also additionally provides nutrition to the plant, thus showing a significant enhancement in the yield as well as other crop characteristics such as plant height, root length and improved foliage, as compared to the yield observed with individual applications of sulphur and fluensulfone.

TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 *No of % nod- Re- ules/ duction plant of (Mean nema- Active of 10 tode ingredient plants) infection Yield % Treat- (grams/ha) at 90 over in yield ment Sul- Fluen- DAS control kg/ in- No. Composition phur sulfone 90 DAS (90 DAS) ha crease T1 Sulphur 4000 20 9.2 85.23 1240 26.53 40% + *(75.79) Fluensulfone 0.20% water dispersible granules of capsulated suspension @ 10000 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T2 Sulphur 4000 20 9.4 84.91 1270 29.59 20% + *(75.79) Fluensulfone 0.10% water dispersible granules of capsulated suspension @ 20000 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T3 Fluensulfone 20 33.2 46.70 1010 3.06 2% Gr@ *(75.79) 1000 g/ha T4 Sulphur 4000 28.3 54.57 1130 15.30 80% *(75.79) WG @ 5000 g/ha T5 Untreated 62.3 980 Control DAS: Days after spray *Synergy calculation *Higher the number of nodules observed per plant, greater is the nematode infestation

[0232] It can be seen from table 6 that the application of Treatment 1 with Sulphur 40%+Fluensulfone 0.20% water dispersible granules of capsulated suspension @ 10000 g/ha and Treatment 2 with Sulphur 20%+Fluensulfone 0.10% water dispersible granules of capsulated suspension @ 20000 g/ha, as per the embodiment of present invention, showed a 85.23% and 84.91% reduction in nematode over the untreated control as compared to treatments 3 and 4 with individual actives which only showed a 46.70% and 54.57% reduction in nematode control over the untreated, respectively. Treatments with compositions as per the embodiments of the present invention were highly effective in controlling the nematode pests in cow pea at 60 days after application as compared to the Treatments 3 and 4 where sulphur and fluensulfone are applied individually. The surprising enhancement in efficacy is observed with compositions of the present invention even though the dosages of sulphur and fluensulfone applied in individual treatments and in compositions as per the present invention are the same. The surprising synergistic results of treatment 1 and 2, are attributed to the composition of sulphur and fluensulfone, as per the embodiments of the invention, where both the actives are present in a single composition in specific concentration. The enhanced efficacy is further attributed to the form of the composition, i.e. water dispersible granules of capsulated suspension as shown in the present study, which includes particles in the size range of 0.1 micron to 30 microns.

[0233] Further, the composition as per the embodiment of the present invention, on account of significant control of the nematode population and due to the presence of sulphur in the composition not only assists in controlling the pests, but also additionally provides nutrition to the plant, thus showing a significant enhancement in the yield as well as other crop characteristics such as plant height, root length and improved foliage, as compared to the yield observed with individual applications of sulphur and fluensulfone.

Field Trial 4: To Study Effect of Elemental Sulphur and Fluensulfone for Controlling Nematode Pest in Tomato.

[0234] The field trials were carried out to study the effect of the composition of elemental sulphur and fluensulfone on controlling nematode pests in tomato. The trial was laid out during Rabi season i.e. January to April in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with ten treatments including untreated control, replicated five times. The test product sample, sulphur and fluensulfone, alone and in combination with prescribed dose were applied as soil application after planting of tomato seedlings in the trial plot. The tomato crop in the trial field was raised following good agricultural practices.

Details of Experiment

[0235] a) Trial Location: Indore, Madhya Pradesh [0236] b) Crop: Tomato [0237] c) Experiment season: Rabi [0238] d) Trial Design: RBD [0239] e) Replications: Five [0240] f) Treatments: Ten [0241] g) Plot size: 5?6=30 sqm [0242] h) Date of sowing: 10.01.2022 [0243] i) Date of Application: 10.01.2022 [0244] j) Method of application: Soil application [0245] k) Crop Variety: Abhilash [0246] k) Date of Harvesting: 18.04.2022

[0247] The observation on crop damage caused by Meloidogyne incognita were recorded at 70 days after planting of the tomato plant from each plot and the percentage control was calculated using following formula:

[00004]$\mathrm{Control}\left(\%\right)=[\mathrm{Damage}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{control}\mathrm{plot}-\mathrm{Damage}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{treated}\mathrm{plot})/$$\mathrm{Damage}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{control}\mathrm{plot}]?100$

[0248] The mean data on control against the nematode pests along with the crop yield was recorded at harvest and is presented in the Tables 7 and 8:

TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 *No of % Re- nod- duction ules/ of plant nema- Active (Mean tode ingredient of 10 infection yield % Treat- (grams/ha) plants) over in yield ment Sul- Fluen- at 70 control kg/ in- No. Composition phur sulfone DAS (70 DAS) ha crease T1 Sulphur 8400 28 8.2 87.12 39500 28.24 60% + *(73.90) Fluensulfone 0.2%) SC @ 14000 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T2 Sulphur 8400 28 8.1 87.28 39700 28.89 30% + *(73.90) Fluensulfone 0.1%) SC @ 28000 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T3 Fluensulfone 28 31.7 50.23 31200 1.29 2% Gr@ *(73.90) 1400 g/ha T4 Sulphur 8400 33.4 47.56 37400 21.42 80% *(73.90) WG@ 10500 g/ha T5 Untreated 63.7 30800 Control SC: Suspension concentrate or liquid suspension composition DAS: Days after spray *Synergy calculation

[0249] It can be seen from table 7 that the application of Treatment 1 with Sulphur 60%+Fluensulfone 0.2% SC@14000 g/ha and Treatment 2 with Sulphur 30%+Fluensulfone 0.1% SC @ 28000 g/ha, as per the embodiment of present invention, showed a 87.12% and 87.28% reduction in nematode control over the untreated control as compared to treatments 3 and 4 with individual actives which only showed a 50.23% and 47.56% reduction in nematode control over the untreated, respectively. Treatments with compositions as per the embodiments of the present invention were highly effective in controlling the nematode pests in tomato at 70 days after application as compared to the Treatments 3 and 4 where sulphur and fluensulfone are applied individually. The enhancement in efficacy with the composition as per the present invention is surprising as the dosages of sulphur and fluensulfone applied in individual treatments and in compositions as per the present invention are the same. The surprising synergistic results of treatment 1 and 2, are attributed to the composition of sulphur and fluensulfone, as per the embodiments of the invention, where both the actives are present in a single composition in specific concentration. The enhanced efficacy is further attributed to the form of the composition, i.e. suspension concentrate as shown in the present study, which includes particles in the size range of 0.1 micron to 30 microns.

[0250] Further, the composition as per the embodiment of the present invention, on account of significant control of the nematode population and due to the presence of sulphur in the composition not only assists in controlling the pests, but also additionally provides nutrition to the plant, thus showing a significant enhancement in the yield as well as other crop characteristics such as plant height, root length, fruit size and improved foliage, as compared to the yield observed with individual applications of sulphur and fluensulfone.

TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 *No of % Re- nod- duction ules/ of plant nema- Active (Mean tode ingredient of 10 infection yield % Treat- (grams/ha) plants) over in yield ment Sul- fluen- at 70 control kg/ in- No. Composition phur sulfone DAS (70 DAS) ha crease T1 Sulphur 1600 200 7.8 87.96 31800 25.19 40% + *(79.34) Fluensulfone 5%) SC @4000 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T2 Sulphur 1600 200 7.3 88.73 31700 24.80 20% + *(79.34) Fluensulfone 2.5%) SC @8000 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T3 Fluensulfone 200 18.3 71.75 26300 3.54 2% Gr@ *(79.34) 10000 g/ha T4 Sulphur 1600 47.4 26.85 28800 13.38 80% WG@ *(79.34) 2000 g/ha T5 Untreated 64.8 25400 Control SC: Suspension concentrate or liquid suspension composition DAS: Days after spray *Synergy calculation

[0251] It can be seen from table 8 that the application of Treatment 1 with Sulphur 40%+Fluensulfone 5% SC @4000 g/ha and Treatment 2 with Sulphur 20%+Fluensulfone 2.5% SC @8000 g/ha, as per the embodiment of present invention, showed a 87.96% and 88.73% reduction in nematode control over the untreated control as compared to treatments 3 and 4 with individual actives which only showed a 71.75% and 26.85% reduction in nematode control over the untreated, respectively. Treatments with compositions as per the embodiments of the present invention were highly effective in controlling the nematode pests in tomato at 70 days after application as compared to the Treatments 3 and 4 where sulphur and fluensulfone are applied individually. The enhancement in efficacy with the composition as per the present invention is surprising as the dosages of sulphur and fluensulfone applied in individual treatments and in compositions as per the present invention are the same. The surprising synergistic results of treatment 1 and 2, are attributed to the composition of sulphur and fluensulfone, as per the embodiments of the invention, where both the actives are present in a single composition in specific concentration. The enhanced efficacy is further attributed to the form of the composition, i.e. suspension concentrate as shown in the present study, which includes particles in the size range of 0.1 micron to 30 microns.

[0252] Further, the composition as per the embodiment of the present invention, on account of significant control of the nematode population and due to the presence of sulphur in the composition not only assists in controlling the nematodes, but also additionally provides nutrition to the plant, thus showing a significant enhancement in the yield as well as other crop characteristics such as plant height, root length, fruit size and improved foliage, as compared to the yield observed with individual applications of sulphur and fluensulfone.

Field Trial 5: To Study Effect of Elemental Sulphur and Fluensulfone for Controlling Nematode Pest in Tomato.

[0253] The field trials were carried out to study the effect of the composition of elemental sulphur and fluensulfone on controlling nematode pests in tomato. The trial was laid out during Rabi season i.e. January to April in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with ten treatments including untreated control, replicated five times. The test product sample, sulphur and fluensulfone, alone and in combination with prescribed dose were applied as soil application after planting of tomato seedlings in the trial plot. The tomato crop in the trial field was raised following good agricultural practices.

Details of Experiment

[0254] a) Trial Location: Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh [0255] b) Crop: Tomato [0256] c) Experiment season: Rabi [0257] d) Trial Design: RBD [0258] e) Replications: Five [0259] f) Treatments: Ten [0260] g) Plot size: 5?6=30 sqm [0261] h) Date of sowing: 14.01.2022 [0262] i) Date of Application: 14.01.2022 [0263] j) Method of application: Soil application [0264] k) Date of Harvesting: 22.04.2022

[0265] The observation on crop damage caused by Meloidogyne incognita were recorded at 70 days after planting of the tomato plant from each plot and the percentage control was calculated using following formula:

[00005]$\mathrm{Control}\left(\%\right)=[\mathrm{Damage}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{control}\mathrm{plot}-\mathrm{Damage}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{treated}\mathrm{plot})/$$\mathrm{Damage}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{control}\mathrm{plot}]?100$

[0266] The mean data on control against the nematode pests along with the crop yield was recorded at harvest and is presented in the Tables 9 and 10:

TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 9 *No of % Re- nod- duction ules/ of plant nema- Active (Mean tode ingredient of 10 infection yield % Treat- (grams/ha) plants) over in yield ment Sul- fluen- at 70 control kg/ in- No. Composition phur sulfone DAS (70 DAS) ha crease T1 Sulphur 5500 100 6.8 89.89 35400 27.33 55% + *(82.84) Fluensulfone 1%) SE @ 10000 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T2 Sulphur 5500 100 6.4 90.49 35300 26.97 27.5% + *(82.84) Fluensulfone 0.5%) SE @ 20000 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T3 Fluensulfone 100 23.4 65.23 29320 5.46 2% Gr@ *(82.84) 5000 g/ha T4 Sulphur 80% 5500 33.2 50.66 32600 17.26 WG@ *(82.84) 6875 g/ha T5 Untreated 67.3 27800 Control SE: Suspo-emulsion composition DAS: Days after spray *Synergy calculation *Higher the number of nodules observed per plant, greater is the nematode infestation

[0267] It can be seen from table 9 that the application of Treatment 1 with Sulphur 55%+Fluensulfone 1%) SE @ 10000 g/ha and Treatment 2 with Sulphur 27.5%+Fluensulfone 0.5%) SE @ 20000 g/ha, as per the embodiment of present invention, showed a 89.89% and 90.49% reduction in nematode control over the untreated control as compared to treatments 3 and 4 with individual actives which only showed a 65.23% and 50.66% reduction in nematode control over the untreated, respectively. Treatments with compositions as per the embodiments of the present invention were highly effective in controlling the nematode pests in tomato at 70 days after application as compared to the Treatments 3 and 4 where sulphur and fluensulfone are applied individually. The enhancement in efficacy with the composition as per the present invention is surprising as the dosages of sulphur and fluensulfone applied in individual treatments and in compositions as per the present invention are the same. The surprising synergistic results of treatment 1 and 2, are attributed to the composition of sulphur and fluensulfone, as per the embodiments of the invention, where both the actives are present in a single composition in specific concentration. The enhanced efficacy is further attributed to the form of the composition, i.e. suspoemulsion as shown in the present study, which includes particles in the size range of 0.1 micron to 30 microns.

[0268] Further, the composition as per the embodiment of the present invention, on account of significant control of the nematode population and due to the presence of sulphur in the composition not only assists in controlling the pests, but also additionally provides nutrition to the plant, thus showing a significant enhancement in the yield as well as other crop characteristics such as plant height, root length, fruit size and improved foliage, as compared to the yield observed with individual applications of sulphur and fluensulfone.

TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 10 *No of % Re- nod- duction ules/ of plant nema- Active (Mean tode ingredient of 10 infection yield % Treat- (grams/ha) plants) over in yield ment Sul- fluen- at 70 control kg/ in- No. Composition phur sulfone DAS (70 DAS) ha crease T1 Sulphur 1200 450 4.4 93.15 37300 25.71 40% + *(79.62) Fluensulfone 15%) SE @3000 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T2 Sulphur 1200 450 4.1 93.62 36800 24.03 20% + *(79.62) Fluensulfone 7.5%) SE @ 6000 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T3 Fluensulfone 450 14.7 77.13 32400 9.20 2% Gr@ *(79.62) 22500 g/ha T4 Sulphur 1200 57.3 10.88 31800 7.17 80% WG@ *(79.62) 1500 g/ha T5 Untreated 64.3 29670 Control SC: Suspoemulsion composition DAS: Days after spray *Synergy calculation

[0269] It can be seen from table 10 that the application of Treatment 1 with Sulphur 40%+Fluensulfone 15% SE@3000 g/ha and Treatment 2 with Sulphur 20%+Fluensulfone 7.5% SE @ 6000 g/ha, as per the embodiment of present invention, showed a 93.15% and 93.62% reduction in nematode control over the untreated control as compared to treatments 3 and 4 with individual actives which only showed a 77.13% and 10.88% reduction in nematode control over the untreated, respectively. Treatments with compositions as per the embodiments of the present invention were highly effective in controlling the nematode pests in tomato at 70 days after application as compared to the Treatments 3 and 4 where sulphur and fluensulfone are applied individually. The enhancement in efficacy with the composition as per the present invention is surprising as the dosages of sulphur and fluensulfone applied in individual treatments and in compositions as per the present invention are the same. The surprising synergistic results of treatment 1 and 2, are attributed to the composition of sulphur and fluensulfone, as per the embodiments of the invention, where both the actives are present in a single composition in specific concentration. The enhanced efficacy is further attributed to the form of the composition, i.e. suspoemulsion as shown in the present study, which includes particles in the size range of 0.1 micron to 30 microns.

[0270] Further, the composition as per the embodiment of the present invention, on account of significant control of the nematode population and due to the presence of sulphur in the composition not only assists in controlling the pests, but also additionally provides nutrition to the plant, thus showing a significant enhancement in the yield as well as other crop characteristics such as plant height, root length, fruit size and improved foliage, as compared to the yield observed with individual applications of sulphur and fluensulfone.

Field Trial 6: To Study Effect of Elemental Sulphur and Fluensulfone for Controlling Nematode Pest in Brinjal.

[0271] The field trials were carried out to study the effect of the composition of elemental sulphur and fluensulfone on controlling nematode pests in Brinjal. The trial was laid out during Rabi season i.e. January to April in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with five treatments including untreated control, replicated four times. The test product sample, sulphur and fluensulfone, alone and in combination with prescribed dose were applied as soil application after planting of brinjal seedlings in the trial plot. The brinjal crop in the trial field was raised following good agricultural practices.

Details of Experiment

[0272] a) Trial Location: 24 Parganas, West Bengal [0273] b) Crop: Brinjal [0274] c) Experiment season: Rabi [0275] d) Trial Design: RBD [0276] e) Replications: Five [0277] f) Treatments: Five [0278] g) Plot size: 5?6=30 sqm [0279] h) Date of sowing: 10.12.2021 [0280] i) Date of Application: 10.12.2021 [0281] j) Method of application: Soil application near root zone [0282] k) Crop variety: Arka Neelkanth [0283] l) Date of Harvesting: 10.03.2022

[0284] The observation on crop damage caused by Meloidogyne incognita were recorded at 90 days after planting of the brinjal plant from each plot and the percentage control was calculated using following formula:

[00006]$\mathrm{Control}\left(\%\right)=[\mathrm{Damage}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{control}\mathrm{plot}-\mathrm{Damage}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{treated}\mathrm{plot})/$$\mathrm{Damage}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{control}\mathrm{plot}]?100$

[0285] The mean data on control against the nematode pests along with the crop yield was recorded at harvest and is presented in the Tables 11 and 12:

TABLE-US-00011 TABLE 11 *No of % Re- nod- duction ules/ of plant nema- Active (Mean tode ingredient of 10 infection yield % Treat- (grams/ha) plants) over in yield ment Sul- fluen- at 90 control kg/ in- No. Composition phur sulfone DAS (90 DAS) ha crease T1 Sulphur 900 450 4.7 92.79 28700 17.14 30% + *(81.01) Fluensulfone 15%) ZC @ 3000 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T2 Sulphur 900 450 4.9 92.48 28300 15.51 20% + *(81.01) Fluensulfone 10%) ZC @ 4500 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T3 Fluensulfone 450 14.7 77.45 25400 3.67 2% Gr@ *(81.01) 22500 g/ha T4 Sulphur 900 54.9 15.79 26100 6.53 80% WG@ *(81.01) 1125 g/ha T5 Untreated 65.2 24500 Control ZC: Composition which is a combination of suspension concentrate and capsulated suspension DAS: Days after spray *Synergy calculation *Higher the number of nodules observed per plant, greater is the nematode infestation

[0286] It can be seen from table 11 that the application of Treatment 1 with Sulphur 30%+Fluensulfone 15%) ZC @ 3000 g/ha and Treatment 2 with Sulphur 20%+Fluensulfone 10%) ZC A 4500 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention, as per the embodiment of present invention, showed a 92.79% and 92.48% reduction in nematode control over the untreated control as compared to treatments 3 and 4 with individual actives which only showed a 77.45% and 15.79% reduction in nematode control over the untreated, respectively. Treatments with compositions as per the embodiments of the present invention were highly effective in controlling the nematode pests in brinjal at 90 days after application as compared to the Treatments 3 and 4 where sulphur and fluensulfone are applied individually. The enhancement in efficacy with the composition as per the present invention is surprising as the dosages of sulphur and fluensulfone applied in individual treatments and in compositions as per the present invention are the same. The surprising synergistic results of treatment 1 and 2, are attributed to the composition of sulphur and fluensulfone, as per the embodiments of the invention, where both the actives are present in a single composition in specific concentration. The enhanced efficacy is further attributed to the form of the composition, i.e. a ZC composition which is a combination of a capsulated suspension and suspension concentrate composition, as shown in the present study, which includes particles in the size range of 0.1 micron to 30 microns.

[0287] Further, the composition as per the embodiment of the present invention, on account of significant control of the nematode population and due to the presence of sulphur in the composition not only assists in controlling the pests, but also additionally provides nutrition to the plant, thus showing a significant enhancement in the yield as well as other crop characteristics such as plant height, root length, fruit size and improved foliage, as compared to the yield observed with individual applications of sulphur and fluensulfone.

TABLE-US-00012 TABLE 12 *No % Re- of duction nod- of ules/ nema- plant tode Active (Mean infection ingredient of 10 over yield % Treat- (grams/ha) plants) control in yield ment Sul- fluen- at 90 (90 kg/ in- No. Composition phur sulfone DAS DAS) ha crease T1 Sulphur 1800 90 7.8 87.75 29700 22.72 30% + *(67.88) Fluensulfone 1.5%) ZC @ 6000 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T2 Sulphur 1800 90 8.4 86.81 29100 20.24 20% + *(67.88) Fluensulfone 1%) ZC @ 9000 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention. T3 Fluensulfone 90 24.4 61.69 25900 7.02 2% Gr@ *(67.88) 4500 g/ha T4 Sulphur 1800 53.4 16.16 26300 8.67 80% WG@ *(67.88) 2250 g/ha T5 Untreated 63.7 24200 Control ZC: Composition which is a combination of suspension concentrate and capsulated suspension DAS: Days after spray *Synergy calculation *Higher the number of nodules observed per plant, greater is the nematode infestation

[0288] It can be seen from table 12 that the application of Treatment 1 with Sulphur 30%+Fluensulfone 1.5%) ZC @ 6000 g/ha and Treatment 2 with Sulphur 20%+Fluensulfone 3%) ZC @ 9000 g/ha according to an embodiment of the present invention, showed a 87.75% and 86.81% reduction in nematode control over the untreated control as compared to treatments 3 and 4 with individual actives which only showed a 61.69% and 16.16% reduction in nematode control over the untreated, respectively. Treatments with compositions as per the embodiments of the present invention were highly effective in controlling the nematode pests in brinjal at 90 days after application as compared to the Treatments 3 and 4 where sulphur and fluensulfone are applied individually. The enhancement in efficacy with the composition as per the present invention is surprising as the dosages of sulphur and fluensulfone applied in individual treatments and in compositions as per the present invention are the same. The surprising synergistic results of treatment 1 and 2, are attributed to the composition of sulphur and fluensulfone, as per the embodiments of the invention, where both the actives are present in a single composition in specific concentration. The enhanced efficacy is further attributed to the form of the composition, i.e. a ZC composition which is a combination of a capsulated suspension and suspension concentrate composition, as shown in the present study, which includes particles in the size range of 0.1 micron to 30 microns.

[0289] Thus the inventors of the present invention evaluated the composition of elemental sulphur and fluensulfone or salts or derivatives thereof on crops such as cow pea, tomato, brinjal, etc. It was observed that the composition of the present invention provides enhanced control of nematode pests as compared to application of individual actives. Further the composition of the invention not only helps in improving the crop yield, but also exhibits improved crop physiological characteristics like root length, plant height, fruit size and improved foliage. Thus, it has been observed that the compositions of the present invention, demonstrate enhanced, efficacious and superior behavior in the fields.

[0290] The inventors determined that the solid compositions as per the invention with the combination of finely selected properties namely specific granule size, where the granules comprise particles of specific size range, or wettable powders with specific size range, where these compositions have good wettability, suspensibility and dispersibility; along with liquid compositions with good viscosity and suspensibility results in a composition, which provides immediate availability of actives to the crops or the plants facilitating nutrition and protection to the crops during its growing stages. Furthermore, the compositions in the form of water dispersible granules of capsulated suspensions and ZC composition which is a combination of suspension concentrates and capsulated suspension, also provides for continuous and sustained release of the actives during the entire crop life cycle, thus, providing an effective crop protection and nutritive solution to the crops. Because of its ease of application, the composition of the invention is highly economical to the end user.

[0291] From the foregoing, it will be observed that numerous modifications and variations can be effectuated without departing from the true spirit and scope of the novel concepts of the present invention. It is to be understood that no limitation with respect to the specific embodiments illustrated is intended or should be inferred.