Abstract
A method of constructing seismic shock absorbing structure which transfers horizontal and vertical forces from the floor to allow buildings to withstand earthquake shocks. In a first embodiment, foundation column is structurally designed and casted in the form of a fin shape below plinth level. In another embodiment, strength of the construction frame is enhanced by structurally designing, casting and slotting in at least one of rhombus shaped beams, diagonal cross beams, corner beams, plus shaped beams, rectangle shaped beams, semi-quarter circular beams in horizontal, vertical and inclined directions at the plinth level, below and above the plinth level. In another embodiment, wall is interlocked with at least one of Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC), cement composites, steel, iron, metal, concrete, polystyrene, polyurethane, wood, plastic, fired bricks, cardboard and clay blocks. In another embodiment, interlocked wall is reinforced with GI (Galvanized) welded mesh, fiberglass mesh and wire mesh.
Claims
1. A method of constructing a seismic shock absorbing earthquake resistant structure comprising of: a) structural designing and casting of foundation column in the form of a fin shape; b) structural designing and casting of a plinth beam, said plinth beam casted simultaneously with an interconnecting beam; c) constructing an interlocked reinforced wall structure; d) structural designing and casting of a column, beam and slab, said column, beam and slab are simultaneously casted with an interconnecting angled beam.
2. The interconnecting beam and angular beam as claimed m claim 1, wherein the said beam is placed in at least at horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames.
3. The interconnecting beam and angular beam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said beam is of rhombus shaped and placed at atleast one of plinth level, below plinth level and above plinth level.
4. The interconnecting beam and angular beam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said beam is of diagonal cross, corner, plus shaped and placed at atleast one of plinth level, below plinth level and above plinth level.
5. The interconnecting beam and angular beam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said beam is of semi circular shaped, quarter circular shaped, radius beam and placed at atleast one of plinth level, below plinth level and above plinth level.
6. The interconnecting beam and angular beam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said beam is of rectangle shaped and placed at atleast one of plinth level, below plinth level and above plinth level.
7. The interlocked reinforced wall structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said wall is interlocked with at least one of Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC), cement composites, steel, iron, metal, concrete, polystyrene polyurethane, wood, timber, plastics, fabrics, syporex, syporex blocks, bricks, stones, mud, clay, cardboard, hardboard, fired bricks, and clay blocks.
8. The interlocked reinforced wall structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said wall is reinforced at least with GI (Galvanized) welded mesh, fiberglass mesh and wire mesh.
9. A method of constructing a seismic shock absorbing earthquake resistant structure, the said method comprising: a) structural designing and inserting of a plinth beam, the said plinth beam slotting in simultaneously with an interconnecting beam; b) structural designing and inserting of a column, beam and slab, said column, beam and slab are slotted in simultaneously with an interconnecting angled beam.
10. The interconnecting beam and angular beam as claimed in claim 9, wherein the said beam is placed in at least at horizontal, vertical or inclined structure frames in at least one of rhombus shaped, diagonal cross shaped, corner, plus shaped, rectangle shaped, semi-quarter circular shaped and radius beam.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DIAGRAMS
[0037] FIG. 1 shows the conventional reinforced structure, currently being practiced for most of the construction of the building.
[0038] FIG. 2 shows a conventional horizontal plinth beams plan, currently being practiced for construction of building. When we consider horizontal level then AB, BC, CD, DA are four horizontal plinth beams. This figure also indicates conventional vertical and or inclined Plan, currently being practiced for construction of building. When we consider FIG. 2 for vertical/inclined level then AB is upper beam-slab, BC is vertical column, CD is lower slab-beam and DA is vertical column of the structure frame.
[0039] FIG. 3 shows the horizontal, vertical, inclined abnormal forces exerted on the conventional horizontal, vertical/inclined frames of the structures.
[0040] FIG. 4 shows the damage caused to the horizontal as well as to the vertical and inclined joints due to the seismic forces, exerted at conventional horizontal plinth beam as well as vertical/inclined beams.
[0041] FIG. 5 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0042] FIG. 6 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined horizontal structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0043] FIG. 7 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams and addition of Plus Shaped Beams at centre inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0044] FIG. 8 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams and addition of Plus Shaped Beams at centre inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0045] FIG. 9 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams and addition of four Corner Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0046] FIG. 10 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams and addition of four Corner Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0047] FIG. 11 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams with Diagonal two Cross Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0048] FIG. 12 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams with Diagonal two Cross Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0049] FIG. 13 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams with four Corner Beams and Rectangle Shaped Beams at centre inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the Structure.
[0050] FIG. 14 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams with four Corner Beams and Rectangle Shaped Beams at centre inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0051] FIG. 15 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams with Rectangle Shaped Beams at centre inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frame at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0052] FIG. 16 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams with Rectangle Shaped Beams at centre inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frame at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0053] FIG. 17 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams with four Corner Beams and Plus Shaped Beams at the centre inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0054] FIG. 18 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams with four Corner Beams and Plus Shaped Beams at the centre inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0055] FIG. 19 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams with two Diagonal Cross Beams and Plus Shaped Beams at centre inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0056] FIG. 20 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams with two Diagonal Cross Beams and Plus Shaped Beams at centre inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0057] FIG. 21 shows the preferred two Diagonal Cross Beams with Plus Shaped Beams at centre inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0058] FIG. 22 shows the preferred two Diagonal Cross Beams with Plus Shaped Beams at centre inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0059] FIG. 23 shows the preferred Diagonal Cross Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0060] FIG. 24 shows the preferred Diagonal Cross Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0061] FIG. 25 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams with one Diagonal Cross Beam inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0062] FIG. 26 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams with one Diagonal Cross Beam inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0063] FIG. 27 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams with two Corner Beams and one Diagonal Beam inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0064] FIG. 28 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams with two Corner Beams and one Diagonal Beam inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0065] FIG. 29 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams with two Corner Beams, one Diagonal Beam and Rectangle Shaped Beams at centre inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0066] FIG. 30 shows the preferred Rhombus Shaped Beams with two Corner Beams, one Diagonal Beam and Rectangle Shaped Beams at centre inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0067] FIG. 31 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0068] FIG. 32 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0069] FIG. 33 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams at centre with two Corner Shaped Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0070] FIG. 34 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams at centre with two Corner Shaped Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0071] FIG. 35 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams at centre with one Corner Beam and one Diagonal Beam inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0072] FIG. 36 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams at centre with one Corner Beam and one Diagonal Beam inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0073] FIG. 37 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams at centre with Cross Shaped two Beams from the centre of Frame Beam to the two corners of the frame inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0074] FIG. 38 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams at centre with Cross Shaped two Beams from the centre of Frame Beam to the two corners of the frame inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0075] FIG. 39 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams at centre with two Diagonal Beams and two Corner Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0076] FIG. 40 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams at centre with two Diagonal Beams and two Corner Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0077] FIG. 41 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams at centre with one Diagonal Cross Beams and with two Diagonal Beams and two Corner Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0078] FIG. 42 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams at centre with one Diagonal Cross Beams and with two Diagonal Beams and two Corner Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0079] FIG. 43 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams at centre with one Diagonal Cross Beam and two Diagonal Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0080] FIG. 44 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams at centre with one Diagonal Cross Beam and two Diagonal Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0081] FIG. 45 shows the preferred one Centre to Centre Frame Beam with one Diagonal Beam inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0082] FIG. 46 shows the preferred one Centre to Centre Frame Beam with one Diagonal Beam inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0083] FIG. 47 shows the preferred two Diagonal Cross Beams with Plus Shaped Beams at centre and two Diagonal Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0084] FIG. 48 shows the preferred two Diagonal Cross Beams with Plus Shaped Beams at centre and two Diagonal Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0085] FIG. 49 shows the preferred one Centre to Centre Beam and at adjacent/both sides of window; Rhombus Beams, Plus Shaped Beams and two Diagonal Beams. Below window, Rhombus Beams, Plus Shaped Beams and two Diagonal Beams inside the vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0086] FIG. 50 shows the preferred one Centre to Centre Beam and at adjacent/both sides of window; Plus Shaped Beams and two Diagonal Beams. Below window, Rhombus Beams with Plus Shaped Beams and two Diagonal Beams inside the vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0087] FIG. 51 shows the preferred one Centre to Centre Beam and at adjacent/both sides of window; Rhombus Beams. Below window Rhombus Beams inside the vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0088] FIG. 52 shows the preferred one Centre to Centre Beam and at adjacent/both sides of window; Rhombus Beams. Below window Rhombus Beams inside the, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0089] FIG. 53 shows the preferred one Centre to Centre Beam with one Semi Circular Beam and three Radius Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0090] FIG. 54 shows the preferred one Centre to Centre Beam with one Semi Circular Beam and three Radius Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0091] FIG. 55 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams at centre with one Semi Circular Beam and two Diagonal Cross Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the Structure.
[0092] FIG. 56 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams at centre with one Semi Circular Beam and two Diagonal Cross Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0093] FIG. 57 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams at centre with one Quarter Circular Beam and two Diagonal Cross Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0094] FIG. 58 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams at centre with one Quarter Circular Beam and two Diagonal Cross Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0095] FIG. 59 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams at centre with one Quarter Circular Beam and one Diagonal Cross Beam and one Corner Beam inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0096] FIG. 60 shows the preferred Plus Shaped Beams at centre with one Quarter Circular Beam and one Diagonal Cross Beam and one Corner Beam inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0097] FIG. 61 shows the preferred Rhombus Beams and Plus Shaped Beams, with two Diagonal Cross Beams and one Quarter-Circle Shaped Beam inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0098] FIG. 62 shows the preferred Rhombus Beams and Plus Shaped Beams, with two Diagonal Cross Beams and one Quarter-Circle Shaped Beam inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0099] FIG. 63 shows the preferred two Semi Circular Beams with Plus Shaped Beams at centre and two Diagonal Cross Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined Circular structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure.
[0100] FIG. 64 shows the preferred two Semi Circular Beams with Plus Shaped Beams at centre and two Diagonal Cross Beams inside the horizontal, vertical and inclined Circular structure frames at plinth level and at upper multiple levels to improve the strength of the structure of the existing (old) building.
[0101] FIG. 65 shows the damaged Conventional building/structures due to earthquake.
[0102] FIG. 66 shows the preferred FINS shaped propping supports to the columns below the plinth level of building/structure.
[0103] FIG. 67 shows the preferred Reinforced Wall Masonry interlocked firmly to the Columns of the Building/Structure.
[0104] FIG. 68 shows the preferred Reinforced Masonry Interlocked firmly to the Corner walls.
[0105] FIG. 69 shows the preferred reinforced Masonry Interlocked firmly to the dead walls.
[0106] FIG. 70 shows the preferred Reinforced Masonry supported by additional steel and wire mesh, fiberglass.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0107] Related art in the field suggest that, the existing technologies in construction are proving to be ineffective to resist the seismic shocks generated by the earthquake more than 5-6 Richter scale and more Magnitude, thereby causing immense damage to the life and property worldwide.
[0108] The present invention, lays down a method of construction which provides increased strength and rigidity to the structural framework and various joints of the building/structures.
[0109] The structures/buildings experiencing massive stress due to the Earth's Tectonic Plates movements during Earthquake. The movement of these Tectonic Plates along with stress created in the frames of the structure when exceed the resistive strength causes damages to the structure leading to the collapse of the structures/buildings. The main damage is loss of property and loss of human lives at great extent.
[0110] In FIG. 5 the additional Rhombus Beams provided in the frame due to which the strength of the structure is improved at E, F, G and H joints to the great extent. Due to the movements of Tectonic Plates during Earthquakes stress is created at the frames. There must be additional force/stress required to damage the Joints E, F, G and H and at the same time additional force/stress also required to break the Beams EF, FG, GH and HE. We provide multiple Rhombus Beams at multiple levels in Horizontal, Vertical and Inclined directions in the building hence multiple additional resistive strength of the frames is created, which will cause no damages to the structures. Ultimately it will save the property and the human lives.
[0111] In the preferred embodiment, additional Rhombus Shaped, Diagonal Cross, Rectangular Shaped, Corner, Plus Shaped, Radius Beams, Semi-Quarter Circular Shaped Beams and hence additional joints of all [FIG. 5 To FIG. 64] are provided below Plinth level and at upper multiple levels in Horizontal, Vertical and Inclined directions to improve additional multiple strength at great extent to the constructed frames of the structure for new as well as for existing (old) construction.
[0112] FIG. 65 shows the Conventional building/structures which are more prone to damage in earthquakes, since they are designed to support a vertical load in order to support walls, roof and all other structures. Due to the movements in the earth's Tectonic Plates during earthquake, massive stress created in the frames, when exceed the resistive strength causes damages to the structure leading to the collapse of the structures/buildings.
[0113] In the present embodiment, the columns below the plinth are provided with the additional props in the forms of Fins to the three and/or four sides (FIG. 66). The modified columns resist the horizontal and vertical movements of the structure during earthquake in a better manner than the existing structures.
[0114] The complete structure with additional Rhombus shaped Beams, Diagonal Cross Beams, Diagonal single Beam, Corner Beams, Plus shaped Beams, Rectangular shaped Beams, Radius Beams, Semi-Quarter Circular shaped Beams and hence additional joints and Props in the form of FINS, provide better resistive structure than the existing constructional technology. In a certain embodiment, the position of the windows and doors may be modified in accordance with the Beams position.
[0115] In one another embodiment, Reinforced Masonry wall may be firmly attached to the Structure Frame as a single unit in the conventional construction method, no interlocking is provided between the frame structure and the wall masonry, thereby leading to an unbalanced brick walls ultimately collapsing on the slab. This impact on the slab, affect the strength and rigidity of the structure, thereby rendering heavy damage to the whole structure [FIG. 65]. The interlocking [FIG. 67] provides the required firmness and rigidity to the whole structure by binding the wall and FRAME structure at all directions as a single unit.
[0116] In the preferred embodiment, the Reinforced Masonry for Corner wall is interlocked with the Corner wall using steel design making the whole structure as a single unit thereby reducing the damage on the wall structure. [FIG. 68] In the preferred embodiment, the Reinforced Masonry for Dead wall is interlocked with the steel design making the whole structure as a single unit thereby reducing the damage on the wall structure. [FIG. 69]
[0117] In another embodiment, additional steel reinforcement and GI (Galvanized) welded mesh, fiber glass mesh and wire mesh with Diagonal Cross steel belt are provided additional support to the wall structure. [FIG. 70]
[0118] The reinforced wall structure acting as a single unit, provide the additional advantage to the structure during, earthquakes of larger magnitude than the design limit. The whole wall structure acting as a single unit create render lesser damage to the property and life allowing the breathing space to the victims by providing the additional air pockets than the single bricks collapsing structure. The efforts of the rescue team are also substantially reduced, as a result of this single unit wall structure.
