PROTECTION ADAPTER AND SYSTEM

Abstract

A protection adapter for the overvoltage protection of an electrical operating device in a high-voltage line. The protection adapter has a first adapter interface for electrically conductively coupling to an open-air interface of the high-voltage line, a second adapter interface for electrically conductively coupling to an operating-means interface of an electrical operating device, a connecting line for electrically conductively coupling the first adapter interface and the second adapter interface, and an electrically insulating insulation sheath which surrounds at least the connecting line. The protection adapter has a characteristic impedance for reducing electrical surges from the high-voltage line. There is also described a system with a high-voltage line, an electrical operating device, and a protection adapter.

Claims

1-15. (canceled)

16. A protection adapter for an overvoltage protection of an electrical operating device in a high-voltage line, the protection adapter comprising: a first adapter interface for electrically conductively coupling the protection adapter to an open-air interface of the high-voltage line; a second adapter interface for electrically conductively coupling the protection adapter to an operating-device interface of the electrical operating device; a connecting line for electrically conductively coupling said first adapter interface and said second adapter interface; and an electrically insulating insulation sheath surrounding at least said connecting line; and the protection adapter having a surge impedance configured for reducing electrical surges from the high-voltage line.

17. The protection adapter according to claim 16, wherein said surge impedance has a surge impedance profile and the surge impedance profile has a constant form or a substantially constant form at least in areas thereof.

18. The protection adapter according to claim 17, wherein said surge impedance profile has a constant form or a substantially constant form over a main extent of said connecting line.

19. The protection adapter according to claim 16, wherein said surge impedance has a surge impedance profile with an increasing form or a decreasing form at least in areas thereof.

20. The protection adapter as claimed in claim 19, wherein the surge impedance profile has decreasing profile form from said first adapter interface to said connecting line or from said second adapter interface to said connecting line.

21. The protection adapter according to claim 20, wherein the surge impedance profile has an increasing or decreasing form over a main extent of said connecting line.

22. The protection adapter according to claim 16, wherein said insulation sheath comprises a first insulation medium, at least in portions thereof, and a second insulation medium, at least in portions thereof.

23. The protection adapter according to claim 22, wherein said first insulation medium is selected from the group consisting of a gas and a liquid, and said second insulation medium is a solid material.

24. The protection adapter according to claim 22, wherein said insulation sheath has at least one insulation-medium interface configured for coupling to a mating interface of an insulation section of the high-voltage line and/or to a mating interface of an insulation section of said electrical operating device.

25. The protection adapter according to claim 24, wherein said at least one insulation-medium interface is configured for insulation-medium-permeable or insulation-medium-impermeable coupling.

26. The protection adapter according to claim 16, wherein said connecting line of said protection adapter has a length of at least 5 meters.

27. The protection adapter according to claim 26, wherein said connecting line of said protection adapter has a length of at least 100 meters.

28. The protection adapter according to claim 16, wherein the protection adapter has a line cross section with a constant form or substantially constant form.

29. The protection adapter according to claim 16, wherein the protection adapter has a line cross section with an increasing form from said first adapter interface or said second adapter interface to said connecting line and/or wherein said line cross section has an increasing or decreasing form over a main extent of said connecting line.

30. An electrical system, comprising: a high-voltage line with an open-air interface; an electrical operating device with an operating-device interface; and a protection adapter according to claim 16 connected between said operating-device interface and said open-air interface.

31. The system according to claim 30, wherein a greatest surge impedance of said protection adapter is formed to be lower than a smallest surge impedance of said operating-device interface and/or of a smallest surge impedance of said electrical operating device.

32. The system according to claim 30, further comprising at least one device selected from the group consisting of a tower overvoltage arrester, a line overvoltage arrester, and a transmission tower, wherein said protection adapter is electrically conductively connected between said tower overvoltage arrester and/or between said at least one line overvoltage arrester and said operating-device interface of said electrical operating device.

33. The system according to claim 32, wherein said tower overvoltage arrester is arranged in a region of said transmission tower.

34. The system according to claim 30, wherein said electrical operating device has a line cross section smaller than a line cross section of said protection adapter.

35. The system according to claim 30, wherein the insulation sheath of said protection adapter comprises at least one insulation-medium interface and an insulation section of said high-voltage line and/or of said electrical operating device is formed with a mating interface.

Description

[0023] A protection adapter according to the invention for the overvoltage protection of electrical operating means in a high-voltage line, a system according to the invention, the developments thereof and the advantages thereof are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings, in which in each case:

[0024] FIG. 1 schematically shows a protection adapter for the overvoltage protection of an electrical operating means in a high-voltage line with a substantially constant line cross section over the length of the main extent of the connecting line,

[0025] FIG. 2 schematically shows a protection adapter the overvoltage protection of an electrical operating means in a high-voltage line with a substantially decreasing line cross section over the length of the main extent of the connecting line, and

[0026] FIG. 3 schematically shows a system having two high-voltage lines each with an open-air interface, two electrical operating means each with an operating-means interface and each with a protection adapter.

[0027] Elements with the same function and mode of operation are each provided with the same reference signs in FIGS. 1 to 3.

[0028] FIG. 1 shows a protection adapter 1 for the overvoltage protection of an electrical operating means 100 in a high-voltage line 200. The protection adapter 1 comprises a first adapter interface 10 and a second adapter interface 20. The first adapter interface 10 is electrically conductively connected to the open-air interface 210 of the high-voltage line 200. The second adapter interface 20 is electrically conductively connected to the operating-means interface 110 of the electrical operating means 100. The protection adapter 1 also comprises a connecting line 30 that electrically conductively connects the first adapter interface 10 to the second adapter interface 20. The adapter interfaces 10, 20 and the connecting line 30 have at least one line cross section Q, in this case a plurality of line cross sections Q. The line cross section Q is of substantially constant form over the length L of the main extent of the connecting line 30. In the end-side regions of the connecting line 30 or in regions of the first adapter interface 10 and the second adapter interface 20, the line cross section Q is of decreasing form in each case in order to approximate or match the cross section of the high-voltage line 200 or the electrical operating means 100. The protection adapter 1 also comprises in each case an insulation-medium interface 46, wherein the two insulation-medium interfaces 46 are designed or coupling to a mating interface 214 of an insulation section 212 of the high-voltage line 200 and to a mating interface 114 of an insulation section 112 of the electrical operating means 100. By way of example, the insulation section 212 of the high-voltage line 200 is designed as a solid-material insulation and the insulation section 112 of the electrical operating means 100 and the insulation sheath 40 of the protection adapter 1 is formed as a gas-insulated section. The insulation-medium interface 46 according to the invention and the mating interface 114 of the electrical operating means 100 can be formed in the aforementioned exemplary embodiment for an exchange of an insulation medium 42 for the insulation-medium-permeable coupling. As an alternative, the insulation sheath 40 of the protection adapter 1 can of course also be formed as a separate and/or closed system. The insulation sheath 40 of the protection adapter 1 according to the invention is formed by way of example as a gas insulation and comprises at least in areas a first insulation medium 42, in this case a gas, and at least in areas a second insulation medium 44, in this case a solid material in the form of a cylindrical covering. By way of a protection adapter 1 formed in this way, the surge impedance 32 of the connecting line 30 is at least in regions formed to be lower than the surge impedance 32 of the first adapter interface 10, the second adapter interface 20, the operating means 100 and/or the high-voltage line 200. The surge impedance 32 of the protection adapter 1 is preferably adjusted by the line cross section Q of the first adapter interface 10, the second adapter interface 20 and/or the connecting line 30. A low impedance resistance 32 can thus be produced by a high line cross section Q. The first adapter interface 10, the second adapter interface 20 and/or the connecting line 30 consequently enable a surge impedance profile 34 from a lower first line cross section Q with a first higher surge impedance 32 to a larger second line across section Q with a second lower surge impedance 32. The lower first line cross section Q is in this case preferably arranged at at least one front-side end of the protection adapter 1, in this case at the first and the second adapter interface 10, 20, in order to enable an advantageous connection to the high-voltage line 200 and the electrical operating means 100. A point of impact for a traveling wave and/or surge is produced by way of the change, in particular the abrupt change, in the surge impedance 32, as a result of which the surge is reduced through refraction and reflection. Improved protection of the operating means 100 by way of the protection adapter 1 from surges in of from the high-voltage line 200, for example due to a lightning strike, makes it possible to save costs, installation space and material for the design of the electrical operating means 100. A protection adapter 1 according to the invention makes such protection possible advantageously and in a manner sensitive to construction material and costs by way of the inventive features according to the first aspect of the invention.

[0029] FIG. 2 shows another configuration of a protection adapter 1 for the overvoltage protection of an electrical operating means 100 in a high-voltage line 200. Beyond the descriptions relating to the protection adapter 1 according to FIG. 1, the protection adapter 1 comprises a connecting line 30 with a line cross section Q, wherein the line cross section Q over the length L of the main extent of the connecting line 30 is of substantially decreasing form from the first adapter interface 10 to the second adapter interface 20. In addition to the variants shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, other combinations of the constant or substantially constant, the increasing and/or decreasing form of the line cross section of the protection adapter and/or the cross section of the insulating encapsulation of the protection adapter are of course also possible.

[0030] FIG. 3 shows a system 300 having to high-voltage overhead lines 200 each with an open-air interface 210, two phases of an electrical operating means 100 each with an operating-means interface 110 and each with a protection adapter 1. The protection adapter 1 is formed according to the first aspect of the invention. The high-voltage overhead lines 200 are arranged by means of transmission towers 304. The transmission towers 304 and for each have by way of example one tower overvoltage arrester 302. Line overvoltage arresters 303 are installed in the region of the last transmission tower 304, which is designed as an anchor tower. In FIG. 3, the protection adapters 1 are each arranged between the operating-means interface 110 and the open-air interface 210. All of the advantages that have been described with respect to a protection adapter 1 according to the first aspect of the invention therefore of course also results for a system 300 according to the invention.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

[0031] 1 Protection adapter

[0032] 10 First adapter interface

[0033] 20 Second adapter interface

[0034] 30 Connecting line

[0035] 32 Surge impedance

[0036] 34 Surge impedance profile

[0037] 40 Insulation sheath

[0038] 42 First insulation medium

[0039] 44 Second insulation medium

[0040] 46 Insulation-medium interface

[0041] 100 Electrical operating means

[0042] 110 Operating-means interface

[0043] 112 Insulation section

[0044] 114 Mating interface

[0045] 200 High-voltage overhead line

[0046] 210 Open-air interface

[0047] 212 Insulation section

[0048] 214 Mating interface

[0049] 300 System

[0050] 302 Tower overvoltage arrester

[0051] 303 Line overvoltage arrester

[0052] 304 Transmission tower

[0053] L Length

[0054] Q Line cross section