OPERATING ARM AND SURGICAL ROBOT

Abstract

An operating arm (100) includes a driving cartridge (1), a link (2), an end instrument (3), and a first group driving wire (4) and a second group driving wire (5) penetrating the link (2). The end instrument (3) includes a connecting assembly (6) connected to the link (2) and an end effector (7) connected to the connecting assembly (6). The driving cartridge (1) includes a base (10) connected to the link (2), a first rotatable shaft (111) arranged on the base (10), and a second rotatable shaft (112) arranged on and rotating coaxially with the first rotatable shaft (111). The first group driving wire (4) starts from the first rotatable shaft (111) and terminates at a first position of the connecting assembly (6). The second group driving wire (5) starts from the second rotatable shaft (112) and terminates at a second position of the connecting assembly (6).

Claims

1. An operating arm, comprising successively connected a driving cartridge, a link, an end instrument, and a first group of driving wire and a second group of driving wire penetrating the link, the end instrument comprising a connecting assembly connected to the link and an end effector connected to the connecting assembly, and the driving cartridge comprising a base connected to the link, and a driving shaft assembly arranged on the base, the driving shaft assembly comprising a first rotatable shaft arranged on the base, and a second rotatable shaft arranged on the first rotatable shaft and coaxially rotated with the first rotatable shaft, a first group driving wire starting from the first rotatable shaft and terminating at a first positon of the connecting assembly, a second group driving wire starting from the second rotatable shaft and terminating at a second position of the connecting assembly, the first position is farther away the link, the second position is nearer to the link, thereby the first group of driving wire and the second group of driving wire driving the end instrument to move in a direction corresponding to a degree of freedom during rotation of the driving shaft assembly.

2. The operating arm of claim 1, wherein the connecting assembly comprises a first connecting unit connected to the end effector, a second connecting unit coupled to the first connecting unit, a third connecting unit coupled to the second connecting unit, a fourth connecting unit coupled to the third connecting unit, and a fifth connecting unit having one end coupled to the fourth connecting unit and the other end connected to the link, a rotation axis of the first connecting unit is parallel with a rotation axis of the third connecting unit, a rotation axis of the second connecting unit is parallel with a rotation axis of the fourth connecting unit, and the rotation axis of the first connecting unit is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the second connecting unit.

3. The operating arm of claim 2, wherein the driving shaft assembly comprises a pitch driving shaft assembly and a yaw driving shaft assembly, the pitch driving shaft assembly comprises a first thick shaft arranged on the base and a first thin shaft arranged on the first thick shaft and coaxially rotated with the first thick shaft, the first group of driving wire comprises a first driving wire and a second driving wire both starting from the first thick shaft with different winding directions, and a third driving wire and a fourth driving wire both starting from the first thin shaft with different winding directions; and the yaw driving shaft assembly comprises a second thick shaft arranged on the base and a second thin shaft arranged on the second thick shaft and coaxially rotated with the second thick shaft, the second group of driving wire comprises a fifth driving wire and a sixth driving wire both starting from the second thick shaft with different winding directions, and a seventh driving wire and an eighth driving wire both starting from the second thin shaft with different winding directions.

4. The operating arm of claim 3, wherein the first driving wire, the second driving wire, the fifth driving wire, and the sixth driving wire all terminate at the first connecting unit; the third driving wire, the fourth driving wire, the seventh driving wire, and the eighth driving wire all terminate at the third connecting unit.

5. The operating arm of claim 4, wherein the pitch driving shaft assembly drives the end instrument to implement pitch degrees of freedom of movement, a length variation of the first driving wire is equal to a sum of a first length variation and a second length variation, the first length variation is a length variation of a portion of the first driving wire between the first connecting unit and the second connecting unit, the second length variation is a length variation of a portion of the first driving wire between the third connecting unit and the fourth connecting unit; a length variation of the second driving wire is equal to a sum of a third length variation and a fourth length variation, the third length variation is a length variation of a portion of the second driving wire between the first connecting unit and the second connecting unit, the fourth length variation is a length variation of a portion of the second driving wire between the third connecting unit and the fourth connecting unit; and a fifth length variation of the third driving wire is equal to a sixth length variation of the fourth driving wire, the fifth length variation is a length variation of a portion of the third driving wire between the third connecting unit and the fourth connecting unit, the sixth length variation is a length variation of a portion of the fourth driving wire between the third connecting unit and fourth connecting unit.

6. The operating arm of claim 5, wherein the first length variation is equivalent to the third length variation, the second length variation is equivalent to the fourth length variation.

7. The operating arm of claim 5, wherein a ratio of a diameter of the first thick shaft and a diameter of the first thin shaft is equivalent to a ratio of the length variation of the first driving wire and the fifth length variation of the third driving wire; or equivalent to a ratio of the length variation of the second driving wire and the sixth length variation of the fourth driving wire.

8. The operating arm of claim 4, wherein the yaw driving shaft assembly drives the end instrument to implement yaw degrees of freedom of movement, a length variation of the fifth driving wire is equal to a sum of a seventh length variation and an eighth length variation, the seventh length variation is a length variation of a portion of the fifth driving wire between the second connecting unit and the third connecting unit, the eighth length variation is a length variation of a portion of the fifth driving wire between the fourth connecting unit and the fifth connecting unit; a length variation of the sixth driving wire is equal to a sum of a ninth length variation and a tenth length variation, the ninth length variation is a length variation of a portion of the sixth driving wire between the second connecting unit and the third connecting unit, the tenth length variation is a length variation of a portion of the sixth driving wire between the fourth connecting unit and the fifth connecting unit; and an eleventh length variation of the seventh driving wire is equivalent to a twelfth length variation of the eighth driving wire, the eleventh length variation is a length variation of a portion of the seventh driving wire between the fourth connecting unit and the fifth connecting unit, and the twelfth length variation is a length variation of a portion of the eighth driving wire between the fourth connecting unit and the fifth connecting unit.

9. The operating arm of claim 8, wherein the seventh length variation is equivalent to the ninth length variation, and the eighth length variation is equivalent to the tenth length variation.

10. The operating arm of claim 8, wherein a ratio of a diameter of the second thick shaft and a diameter of the second thin shaft is equal to a ratio of the length variation of the fifth driving wire and the eleventh length variation of the seventh driving wire; or equal to a ratio of the length variation of the sixth driving wire and the twelfth length variation of the eighth driving wire.

11. The operating arm of claim 4, wherein the first driving wire and the second driving wire are arranged on the first connecting unit and oppositely surrounding an axis of the link, the fifth driving wire and the sixth driving wire are arranged on the first connecting wire and oppositely surrounding the axis of the link.

12. The operating arm of claim 11, wherein the first driving wire and the fifth driving wire form a continuous driving wire, and the second driving wire and the sixth driving wire form a continuous driving wire.

13. The operating arm of claim 12, wherein the first driving wire, the second driving wire, the fifth driving wire, and the sixth driving wire each have a sphere structure at an end of the connecting assembly.

14. The operating arm of claim 4, wherein the third driving wire and the fourth driving wire are arranged on the third connecting unit and oppositely surrounding an axis of the link, the seventh driving wire and the eighth driving wire are arranged on the third connecting unit and oppositely surrounding the axis of the link.

15. The operating arm of claim 14, wherein the third driving wire and the seventh driving wire are at a complete first continuous driving wire; and/or the fourth driving wire and the eighth driving wire are at a complete second continuous driving wire.

16. The operating arm of claim 15, wherein the third connecting unit comprises a first resident hole and a second resident hole arranged between the third driving wire and the seventh driving wire; the first continuous driving wire comprises a first connecting wire connecting the third driving wire and the seventh driving wire, one end of the first connecting wire is connected to the third driving wire, the other end of the first connecting wire extending the first resident hole and the second resident hole is connected to the seventh driving wire.

17. The operating arm of claim 15, wherein the third connecting unit comprises a third resident hole and a fourth resident hole arranged between the fourth driving wire and the eighth driving wire; the second continuous driving wire comprises a second connecting wire connecting the fourth driving wire and the eighth driving wire, one end of the second connecting wire is connected to the fourth driving wire, the other end of the second connecting wire extending the third resident hole and the fourth resident hole is connected to the eighth driving wire.

18. The operating arm of claim 14, wherein the third driving wire, the fourth driving wire, the seventh driving wire, and the eighth driving wire each have a sphere structure at an end of the connecting assembly.

19. The operating arm of claim 14, wherein the first driving wire is adjacent to the third driving wire, the second driving wire is adjacent to the fourth driving wire, the fifth driving wire is adjacent to the seventh driving wire, the sixth driving wire is adjacent to the eighth driving wire respectively, and the third driving wire, the fourth driving wire, the seventh driving wire, and the eighth driving wire are located near a periphery of the third connecting unit.

20. A surgical robot, the surgical robot comprising an operating arm, the operating arm comprising successively connected a driving cartridge, a link, an end instrument, and a first group of driving wire and a second group of driving wire penetrating the link, the end instrument comprising a connecting assembly connected to the link and an end effector connected to the connecting assembly, and the driving cartridge comprising a base connected to the link, and a driving shaft assembly arranged on the base, the driving shaft assembly comprising a first rotatable shaft arranged on the base, and a second rotatable shaft arranged on the first rotatable shaft and coaxially rotated with the first rotatable shaft, the first group driving wire starting from the first rotatable shaft and terminating at a first position of the connecting assembly, the second group driving wire starting from the second rotatable shaft and terminating at a second position of the connecting assembly, the first position is farther away the link, the second position is nearer to the link, thereby the first group of driving wire and the second group of driving wire driving the end instrument to move in a direction corresponding to a degree of freedom during rotation of the driving shaft assembly.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an operating arm according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0011] FIG. 2 is a schematic partial view of a pitch driving shaft assembly or a yaw driving shaft assembly of the operating arm in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment.

[0012] FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an end instrument of the operating arm in FIG. 1 according to a first embodiment.

[0013] FIG. 4 is a schematic partial view of a connecting assembly of the operating arm in FIG. 1.

[0014] FIG. 5 is a simplified structural view from a side viewing the connecting assembly of FIG. 4.

[0015] FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the end instrument of FIG. 3 implementing a pitch movement degree of freedom according to an embodiment.

[0016] FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the end instrument of FIG. 3 implementing a yaw movement degree of freedom according to an embodiment.

[0017] FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a first connecting unit of the end instrument in FIG. 3 from a top view according to an embodiment.

[0018] FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a third connecting unit of the end instrument in FIG. 3 from a top view according to an embodiment.

[0019] FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an end instrument of the operating arm in FIG. 1 according to a second embodiment.

[0020] FIG. 1I is a schematic view of a first connecting unit of the end instrument in FIG. 10 from a top view according to an embodiment.

[0021] FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a third connecting unit of the end instrument in FIG. 10 from a top view according to an embodiment.

REFERENCE NUMERAL DESCRIPTION

[0022]

TABLE-US-00001 Reference Reference Reference numeral Name numeral Name numeral Name 100 operating arm 1 driving cartridge 2 link 3 end instrument 4 first group of 5 second group of driving wire driving wire 6 connecting assembly 7 end effector 61 first connecting unit 62 second connecting unit 63 third connecting unit 64 fourth connecting unit 65 fifth connecting unit 10 base 11 driving shaft assembly 113 pitch driving 114 yaw driving 115 first thick shaft shaft assembly shaft assembly 116 first thin shaft 41 first driving wire 42 second driving wire 43 third driving wire 44 fourth driving wire 51 fifth driving wire 52 sixth driving wire 53 seventh driving wire 54 eighth driving wire 611 first through hole 612 second through hole 615 fifth through hole 616 sixth through hole 633 third through hole 634 fourth through hole 637 seventh through hole 638 eighth through hole 661 first resident hole 662 second resident hole 663 third resident hole 664 fourth resident hole 81 first continuous 82 second continuous 83 first connecting wire driving wire driving wire 84 second connecting wire 111 first rotatable shaft 112 second rotatable shaft 60 connecting unit 200 rotatable portion 300 first connecting portion 400 second connecting 210 rotatable shaft 220 connecting element portion

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] For ease of understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the associated drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present application are set forth in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided for the purpose of providing a more thorough and thorough understanding of the disclosure of the present application.

[0024] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “disposed on” another element, it may be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is considered to be “connected” to another element, it may be directly connected to another element or intervening elements may be present at the same time. When an element is considered to be “coupled” to another element, it may be directly coupled to another element or intervening elements may be present at the same time. As used herein, the terms “vertical”, “horizontal”, “left”, “right” and the like are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the terms “distal end” and “proximal end” are common terms in the art of interventional medical devices, where “distal end” refers to the end far away from the operator during the surgical procedure, and the “proximal end” refers to the end close to the operator during the surgical procedure.

[0025] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0026] The present application provides a surgical robot, the surgical robot includes a master console and a slave operating device. The master console is used for sending control commands to the slave operating device according to the operation of a surgeon to control the slave operating device. The slave operating device is used for responding to the control commands sent by the master console and performing corresponding operations. The slave operating device includes a robot arm, a power mechanism, and an operating arm provided on the robot arm. The operating arm is configured for reaching the patient body to perform the corresponding surgical operations under the driving of the power mechanism.

[0027] Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, an operating arm 100 includes successively connected a driving cartridge 1, a link 2, an end instrument 3, and a first group of driving wire 4 and a second group of driving wire 5 penetrating the link 2. The end instrument 3 includes a connecting assembly 6 connected to the link 2 and an end effector 7 connected to the connecting assembly 6.

[0028] Referring to FIG. 3, the connecting assembly 6 includes a first connecting unit 61 connected to the end effector 7, a second connecting unit 62 coupled to the first connecting unit 61, a third connecting unit 63 coupled to the second connecting unit 62, a fourth connecting unit 64 coupled to the third connecting unit 63, and a fifth connecting unit 65 having one end connected to the fourth connecting unit 64 and another end connected to the link 2. Of course, in other embodiments, the connecting units of the connecting assembly 6 are not limited to five as listed above, and other numbers of the connecting units that can implement the same scheme of the present application are also included within the scope of the present application.

[0029] Referring again to FIG. 3, the first group of driving wire 4 terminates at the first connecting unit 61, and the second group of driving wire 5 terminates at the third connecting unit 63. Referring to FIG. 4, the connecting assembly 6 includes a connecting unit 60 and a rotatable portion 200. In particular, the connecting unit 60 may have a connecting portion (not shown), configured for matching to a connecting portion of an adjacent connecting unit 60. In one embodiment, the connecting portion includes a first connecting portion 300 and/or a second connecting portion 400, configured for respectively matching to a second connecting portion 400 and/or a first connecting portion 300 of the adjacent connecting unit 60. The rotatable portion 200 includes two rotatable shafts 210 and a connecting element 220 connecting the two rotatable shafts 210. The rotatable shafts 210 are configured for connecting two adjacent connecting units 60, to allow the two adjacent connecting units 60 rotatable relative to each other, and thus form a joint assembly. In particular, the connecting element 220 makes a distance between the two rotatable shafts 210 unchanged, when the joint assembly rotates, the distance between the two rotatable shafts 210 is maintained unchanged, and the first connecting portion 300 and the second connecting portion 400 can have a movement relative to each other. In one embodiment, the first connecting portion 300 can rotate relative to the second connecting portion 400, and the first connecting portion 300 can move along the second connecting portion 400.

[0030] Referring to FIG. 5, a joint assembly has three rotatable shafts, centers of the three rotatable shafts are at A line, O line, and B line, and the A line, the O line, and the B line cooperatively form central axes of the connecting units during rotation. In one embodiment, for convenience for illustration and calculation, the A line, the 0 line, and the B line is considered to be A point, O point, and B point, and the rotation central axes can be defined by the A point connected to the B point (AB connection), then a vertical line through the O point is formed perpendicular to the AB connection, the intersection between the AB connection and the vertical line can be considered to be the rotation central axis. In particular, a rotation central axis of the first connecting unit may be parallel with a rotation central axis of the third connecting unit, and a rotation central axis of the second connecting unit is parallel with a rotation central axis of the fourth connecting unit, with the rotation central axis of the first connecting unit perpendicular to the rotation central axis of the second connecting unit. It can be understood that the above rotation central axes are rotation centers of the respective connecting units during rotation, and during rotation, the rotation central axes of the connecting units may be changed along a movement track during the rotation. In particular, the first connecting unit 61 has a same rotation direction with that of the third connecting unit 63, the second connecting unit 62 has a same rotation direction with that of the fourth connecting unit 64, and the first connecting unit 61 and the third connecting unit 63 are in an orthogonal state in the rotation direction of the second connecting unit 62 and the fourth connecting unit 64.

[0031] It can be understood that the present application does not limit the above orthogonal state, in other embodiments, it is also possible to other non-orthogonal states. In addition, the first connecting unit 61, the second connecting unit 62, the third connecting unit 63, the fourth connecting unit 64, and the fifth connecting unit 65 are provided with a plurality of through holes in the corresponding positions, for the first group of driving wire 4 and the second group of driving wire 5 passing therethrough.

[0032] Referring again to FIGS. 1 and 2, the driving cartridge 1 includes a base 10, the link 2 extending from the base 10, and a driving shaft assembly 11 arranged on the base 10. Specially, as shown in FIG. 1, the driving shaft assembly 11 includes a first rotatable shaft 111, and a second rotatable shaft 112 arranged on the first rotatable shaft 111 and rotating coaxially with the first rotatable shaft 111. The second rotatable shaft 112 can be adjusted relative to the first rotatable shaft 111, to adjust the gesture of the end instrument 3 to an initial state. It will be appreciated that when it is necessary to adjust the gesture to the initial state of the end instrument 3, the respective connecting units of the end instrument 3 can be clamped using a zero-bit tooling adjustment member (not shown) to enable each connecting unit maintain a straight state; at this time, if the posture of the end instrument 3 is still not in the initial state, the position between the first rotatable shaft 111 and the second rotatable shaft 112 can be further adjusted, to allow the end instrument 3 back to the initial state.

[0033] The first group of driving wire 4 starts from the first rotatable shaft 111 and terminates at a first position of the connecting assembly 6, the second group of driving wire 5 starts from the second rotatable shaft 112 and terminates at a second position of the connecting assembly 6. The first position is farther away from the link 2, and the second position is nearer to the link 2.

[0034] In the present embodiment, a diameter of the first rotatable shaft 111 is greater than that of the second rotatable shaft 112. In this way, when the first rotatable shaft 111 and the second rotatable shaft 112 are rotated the same number, a length of the first group of driving wire 4 released/tensioned by the first rotatable shaft 111 is greater than a length of the second group of driving wire 5 released/tensioned by the second rotatable shaft 112. Thus, the rotation amplitude of the first connecting unit 61 is greater than the rotation amplitude of the third connecting unit 63, thereby causing the end instrument 3 to be more flexible in pitch or yaw movement degrees of freedom. Of course, in other embodiments, the diameter of the first rotatable shaft 111 may also be equal to the diameter of the second rotatable shaft 112.

[0035] It will be appreciated that the driving shaft assembly 11 can be a pitch driving shaft assembly or a yaw driving shaft assembly. If the driving shaft assembly 11 is a pitch driving shaft assembly, when it is rotated, the first group of driving wire 4 and the second group of driving wire 5 drive the end instrument 3 to pitch. If the driving shaft assembly 11 is a yaw driving shaft assembly, when it is rotated, the first group of driving wire 4 and the second group of driving wire 5 drive the end instrument 3 to yaw. Of course, the first group of driving wire 4 corresponding to the pitch driving shaft assembly and the yaw driving shaft assembly can have different terminal positions at the first connecting unit 61, the second group of driving wire 5 corresponding to the pitch driving shaft assembly and the yaw driving shaft assembly can have different terminal positions at the third connecting unit 63.

[0036] The driving shaft assembly 11 may include both the pitch driving shaft assembly and the yaw driving shaft assembly, this will be described in detail below.

[0037] Referring again to FIG. 1, the driving shaft assembly 11 includes both a pitch driving shaft assembly 113 and a yaw driving shaft assembly 114 arranged oppositely on the base 10, the pitch driving shaft assembly 113 and the yaw driving shaft assembly 114 may have the same structure, therefore, in the drawings, the pitch driving shaft assembly 113 is mainly labeled. Referring to FIG. 2, the pitch driving shaft assembly 113 includes a first thick shaft 115 disposed on the base 10, and a first thin shaft 116 arranged on the first thick shaft 115 and rotating coaxially with the first thick shaft 115. Referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, the first group of driving wire 4 includes a first driving wire 41 and a second driving wire 42 both starting from the first thick shaft 115 but in an inverse winding direction, and a third driving wire 43 and a fourth driving wire 44 both starting from the first thin shaft 116 and having an inverse winding direction. The yaw driving shaft assembly 114 includes a second thick shaft (not labeled) disposed on the base 10, and a second thin shaft (not labeled) arranged on the second thick shaft and rotating coaxially with the second thick shaft. The second group of driving wire 5 includes a fifth driving wire 51 and a sixth driving wire 52 both starting from the second thick shaft but in an inverse winding direction, and a seventh driving wire 53 and an eighth driving wire 54 both starting from the second thin shaft but in an inverse winding direction.

[0038] In particular, the first driving wire 41, the second driving wire 42, the fifth driving wire 51, and the sixth driving wire 52 each terminate at the first connecting unit 61; and the third driving wire 43, the fourth driving wire 44, the seventh driving wire 53, and the eighth driving wire 54 each terminate at the third connecting unit 63. It can be understood that the present application is not limited to eight driving wires, and other numbers of the driving wires that can be implemented in the present application are also included in the scope of the present application.

[0039] Referring to FIG. 6, the pitch driving shaft assembly 113 drives the end instrument 3 to implement the pitch degrees of freedom, a length variation ΔL.sub.41 of the first driving wire 41 is equal to a sum of a first length variation ΔLa.sub.1 and a second length variation ΔL′a.sub.1, that is, ΔL.sub.41=ΔLa.sub.1+ΔL′a.sub.1. In particular, the first length variation ΔLa.sub.1 refers to a length variation (ΔLa.sub.1=La.sub.1−L.sub.0) of a portion of the first driving wire 41 between the first connecting unit 61 and the second connecting unit 62, the second length variation ΔL′a.sub.1 refers to a length variation (ΔL′a.sub.1=L′a.sub.1−L.sub.0) of a portion of the first driving wire 41 between the third connecting unit 63 and the fourth connecting unit 64.

[0040] A length variation ΔL.sub.42 of the second driving wire 42 is equal to a sum of a third length variation ΔLb.sub.1 and a fourth length variation ΔL′b.sub.1, that is. ΔL.sub.42=ΔLb.sub.1+ΔL′b.sub.1. In particular, the third length variation ΔLb.sub.1 refers to a length variation (ΔLb.sub.1=L.sub.0−Lb.sub.1) of a portion of the second driving wire 42 between the first connecting unit 61 and the second connecting unit 62, the fourth length variation ΔL′b.sub.1 refers to a length variation (ΔL′b.sub.1=L.sub.0−L′b.sub.1) of a portion of the second driving wire 42 between the third connecting unit 63 and the fourth connecting unit 64.

[0041] A fifth length variation ΔLa.sub.2 of the third driving wire 43 is equal to a sixth length variation ΔLb.sub.2 of the fourth driving wire 44, the fifth length variation ΔLa.sub.2 refers to a length variation (ΔLa.sub.2=La.sub.2−L.sub.0) of a portion of the third driving wire 43 between the third connecting unit 63 and the fourth connecting unit 64, that is, the sixth length variation ΔLb.sub.2 refers to a length variation (ΔLb.sub.2=L.sub.0-Lb.sub.2) of a portion of the fourth driving wire 44 between the third connecting unit 63 and the fourth connecting unit 64.

[0042] In particular, the first length variation ΔLa.sub.1 is equal to the third length variation ΔLb.sub.1, that is, ΔLa.sub.1=ΔLb.sub.1. The second length variation ΔL′a.sub.1 is equal to the fourth length variation ΔL′b.sub.1, that is, ΔL′a.sub.1=ΔL′b.sub.1; a sum of the first length variation ΔLa.sub.1 and the second length variation ΔL′a.sub.1 is equal to a sum of the third length variation ΔLb.sub.1 and the fourth length variation ΔL′b.sub.1, that is: ΔLa.sub.1+ΔL′a.sub.1=ΔLb.sub.1+ΔL′b.sub.1.

[0043] In addition, it will be appreciated that La.sub.1+Lb.sub.1=2L.sub.0, L′a.sub.1+L′b.sub.1=2L.sub.0, La.sub.2+Lb.sub.2=2L.sub.0.

[0044] It should be understood that the above L.sub.0 refers to an initial length of the driving wire between adjacent connecting assemblies, in this embodiment, the distance between different adjacent connecting assemblies can be the same, i.e., the initial length of the driving wire between the respective adjacent connecting assemblies can be the same. In other embodiments, the distance between different adjacent connecting assemblies may be different.

[0045] It will be appreciated that when the end instrument 3 implements the movement of the pitch degrees of freedom, a length of the first driving wire 41 and the second driving wire 42 between the second connecting unit 62 and the third connecting unit 63, and a length of the first driving wire 41 and the second driving wire 42 between the fourth connecting unit 64 and the fifth connecting unit 65 are unchanged, and a length of the third driving wire 43 and the fourth driving wire 44 between the fourth connecting unit 64 and the fifth connecting unit 65 are unchanged.

[0046] As shown in FIG. 2, a diameter ratio D.sub.1/D.sub.2 of the first thick shaft 115 and the first thin shaft 116, is equal to a ratio of the length variation ΔL.sub.41 of the first driving wire 41 and the fifth length variation ΔLa.sub.2 of the third driving wire 43, that is, D.sub.1/D.sub.2=ΔL.sub.41/ΔLa.sub.2, or equal to a ratio of the length variation ΔL.sub.42 of the second driving wire 42 and the sixth length variation ΔLb.sub.2 of the fourth driving wire 44, that is, D.sub.1/D.sub.2=ΔL.sub.42/ΔLb.sub.2.

[0047] Referring to FIG. 7, the yaw driving shaft assembly 114 drives the end instrument 3 to implement the yaw degrees of freedom, a length variation ΔL.sub.51 of the fifth driving wire 51 is equal to a sum of a seventh length variation ΔLc.sub.1 and an eighth length variation ΔL′c.sub.1, that is, ΔL.sub.51=ΔLc.sub.1+ΔL′c.sub.1. The seventh length variation ΔLc.sub.1 is a length variation of a portion of the fifth driving wire 51 between the second connecting unit 62 and the third connecting unit 63, and the eighth length variation ΔL′c.sub.1 is a length variation of a portion of the fifth driving wire 51 between the fourth connecting unit 64 and the fifth connecting unit 65.

[0048] A length variation ΔL.sub.52 of the sixth driving wire 52 is equal to a sum of a ninth length variation ΔLd.sub.1 and a tenth length variation Δ L′d.sub.1, that is, ΔL.sub.52=ΔLd.sub.1+ΔL′d.sub.1. The ninth length variation ΔLd.sub.1 is a length variation of a portion of the sixth driving wire 52 between the second connecting unit 62 and the third connecting unit 63, and the tenth length variation ΔL′d.sub.1 is a length variation of a portion of the sixth driving wire 52 between the fourth connecting unit 64 and the fifth connecting unit 65.

[0049] An eleventh length variation ΔLc.sub.2 of the seventh driving wire 53 is equal to a twelfth length variation ΔLd.sub.2 of the eighth driving wire 54, the eleventh length variation ΔLc.sub.2 is a length variation (ΔLc.sub.2=Lc.sub.2−L.sub.0) of a portion of the seventh driving wire 53 between the fourth connecting unit 64 and the fifth connecting unit 65, and the twelfth length variation ΔLd.sub.2 is a length variation (ΔLd.sub.2=Ld.sub.2−L.sub.0) of a portion of the eighth driving wire 54 between the fourth connecting unit 64 and the fifth connecting unit 65.

[0050] In particular, the seventh length variation ΔLc.sub.1 is equal to the ninth length variation ΔLd.sub.1, that is ΔLc.sub.1=ΔLd.sub.1. The eighth length variation ΔL′c.sub.1 is equal to the tenth length variation ΔL′d.sub.1, that is, ΔL′c.sub.1=ΔL′d.sub.1. A sum of the seventh length variation ΔLc.sub.1 and the eighth length variation ΔL′c.sub.1, is equal to a sum of the ninth length variation ΔLd.sub.1 and the tenth length variation ΔL′d.sub.1, that is: ΔLc.sub.1+ΔL′c.sub.1=ΔLd.sub.1+ΔL′d.sub.1.

[0051] In addition, it will be appreciated that Lc.sub.1+Ld.sub.1=2L.sub.0, L′c.sub.1+L′d.sub.1=2L.sub.0, Lc.sub.2+Ld.sub.2=2L.sub.0.

[0052] It should be understood that the above L.sub.0 refers to an initial length of the driving wire between adjacent connecting components, in this embodiment, the distance between the different adjacent connecting assemblies can be the same, that is, the initial length of the driving wire between the respective adjacent connecting assemblies can be the same. In other embodiments, the distance between different adjacent connecting components can also be different.

[0053] It will be appreciated that when the end instrument 3 implements the movement of yaw degrees of freedom, a length of the fifth driving wire 51 and the sixth driving wire 52 between the first connecting unit 61 and the second connecting unit 62, and a length of the fifth driving wire 51 and the sixth driving wire 52 between the third connecting unit 63 and the fourth connecting unit 64 are unchanged.

[0054] A ratio of the second thick shaft and the second thin shaft D.sub.3/D.sub.4 (not shown), is equal to a ratio of the length variation ΔL.sub.51 of the fifth driving wire 51 and the eleventh length variation ΔLc.sub.2 of the seventh driving wire 53, that is, D.sub.3/D.sub.4=ΔL.sub.51/ΔLc.sub.2; or equal to a ratio of the length variation ΔL.sub.52 of the sixth driving wire 52 and the twelfth length variation ΔLd.sub.2 of the eighth driving wire 54, that is, D.sub.3/D.sub.4=ΔL.sub.52/ΔLd.sub.2.

[0055] The connecting assembly 6 has an axis and is coaxially with an axis of the link 2, therefore, the axis of the link 2 is described as a reference in the following. Referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, the first connecting unit 61 is provided with a first through hole 611 and a second through hole 612 at an outer periphery thereof and arranged opposite to the axis of the link 2, the first through hole 611 is used for the first driving wire 41 passing therethrough, and the second through hole 612 is used for the second driving wire 42 passing therethrough. That is, the first driving wire 41 and the second driving wire 42 are arranged on the first connecting unit 61 and surrounding the axis of the link 2. Similarly, the first connecting unit 61 is provided with a fifth through hole 615 and a sixth through hole 616 at an outer periphery thereof and arranged opposite to the axis of the link 2, the fifth through hole 615 is used for the fifth driving wire 51 passing therethrough, and the sixth through hole 616 is used for the sixth driving wire 52 passing therethrough. That is, the fifth driving wire 51 and the sixth driving wire 52 are arranged on the first connecting unit 61 and surrounding the axis of the link 2. In particular, the fifth through hole 615 and the sixth through hole 616 are disposed each adjacent to the first through hole 611 and the second through hole 612.

[0056] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, the third connecting unit 63 is provided with a third through hole 633 and a fourth through hole 634 at an outer periphery thereof and arranged opposite to the axis of the link 2. The third through hole 633 is used for the third driving wire 43 passing therethrough, and the fourth through hole 634 is used for the fourth driving wire 44 passing therethrough. That is, the third driving wire 43 and the fourth driving wire 44 are arranged on the third connecting unit 63 and surrounding the axis of the link 2. Similarly, the third connecting unit 63 is provided with a seventh through hole 637 and an eighth through hole 638 at an outer periphery thereof and arranged opposite to the axis of the link 2. The seventh through hole 637 is used for the seventh driving wire 53 passing therethrough, and the eighth through hole 638 is used for the eighth driving wire 54 passing therethrough. That is, the seventh driving wire 53 and the eighth driving wire 54 are arranged on the third connecting unit 63 and surrounding the axis of the link 2.

[0057] The third connecting unit 63 is also provided with a first through hole 611, a second through hole 612, a fifth through hole 615, and a sixth through hole 616 corresponding to those of the first connecting unit 61, and the first through hole 611, the second through hole 612, the fifth through hole 615, and the sixth through hole 616 are located at an inner side of the third through hole 633, the fourth through hole 634, the seventh through hole 637, and the eighth through hole 638 at the third connecting unit 63. The first through hole 611 is disposed adjacent to the third through hole 633, the second through hole 612 is disposed adjacent to the fourth through hole 634, the fifth through hole 615 is disposed adjacent to the seventh through hole 637, and the sixth through hole 616 is disposed adjacent to the eighth through hole 638. That is, the first driving wire 41 is adjacent to the third driving wire 43, the second driving wire 42 is adjacent to the fourth driving wire 44, the fifth driving wire 51 is adjacent to the seventh driving wire 53, the sixth driving wire 52 is adjacent to the eighth driving wire 54, respectively, and the third driving wire 43, the fourth driving wire 44, the seventh driving wire 53, and the eighth driving wire 54 are relatively located adjacent to a periphery of the third connecting unit 63.

[0058] Referring to FIG. 9, the third connecting unit 63 has a first resident hole 661 and a second resident hole 662 located between the third through hole 633 and the seventh through hole 637, that is, the first resident hole 661 and the second resident hole 662 are located between the third driving wire 43 and the seventh driving wire 53. The first resident hole 661 and the second resident hole 662 may both be adjacent to the third through hole 633. Of course, in other embodiments, the first resident hole 661 and the second resident hole 662 may be adjacent to the seventh through hole 637, the first resident hole 661 may be adjacent to the third through hole 633, and the second resident hole 662 may be adjacent to the seventh through hole 637.

[0059] The third connecting unit 63 is also provided with a third resident hole 663 and a fourth resident hole 664 located between the fourth through hole 634 and the eighth through hole 638, that is, the third resident hole 663 and the fourth resident hole 664 are located between the fourth driving wire 44 and the eighth driving wire 54. The third resident hole 663 and the fourth resident hole 664 may both be adjacent to the fourth through hole 634. Of course, in other embodiments, the third resident hole 663 and the fourth resident hole 664 may be provided adjacent to the eighth through hole 638, the third resident hole 663 may be adjacent to the fourth through hole 634, and the fourth resident hole 664 may be adjacent to the eighth through hole 638.

[0060] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the first driving wire 41 and the fifth driving wire 51 cooperatively form a continuous driving wire, the second driving wire 42 and the sixth driving wire 52 cooperatively form a continuous driving wire. As shown in FIG. 9, the third driving wire 43 and the seventh driving wire 53 are in a complete first continuous driving wire 81, the fourth driving wire 44 and the eighth driving wire 54 are in a complete second continuous driving wire 82. It will be appreciated that the third driving wire 43 and the seventh driving wire 53 actually belong to the same driving wire with only different sections of the same driving wire. In the same way, the fourth driving wire 44 and the eighth driving wire 54 actually belong to the same driving wire, but only different sections of the same driving wire. Thus, the driving function of the driving shaft assembly 11 can be realized by less driving wires, and therefore, the manufacturing process of the driving wire is reduced.

[0061] In particular, the first continuous driving wire 81 includes a first connecting wire 83 that is coupled to the third driving wire 43 and the seventh driving wire 53, one end of the first connecting wire 83 is connected to the third driving wire 43, and the other end is sequentially passed through the first resident hole 661 and the second resident hole 662 to be connected to the seventh driving wire 53. That is, the first continuous driving wire 81 sequentially passes through the third through hole 633, the first resident hole 661, the second resident hole 662, and the seventh through hole 637 to form a “W” form.

[0062] The second continuous driving wire 82 includes a second connecting wire 84 that is coupled to the fourth driving wire 44 and the eighth driving wire 54, and one end of the second connecting wire 84 is connected to the fourth driving wire 44, the other end passes through the third resident hole 663 and the fourth resident hole 664 to be connected to the eighth driving wire 54. That is, the second continuous driving wire 82 sequentially passes through the fourth through hole 634, the third resident hole 663, the fourth resident hole 664, and the eighth through hole 638 to form a “W” form.

[0063] In another embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 10 to 12, the first driving wire 41, the second driving wire 42, the fifth driving wire 51, and the sixth driving wire 52 each have a spherical structure corresponding to the end position of the connecting assembly. The third driving wire 43, the fourth driving wire 44, the seventh driving wire 53, and the eighth driving wire 54 each have a spherical structure corresponding to the end position of the connecting assembly. That is, the first driving wire 41, the second driving wire 42, the fifth driving wire 51, the sixth driving wire 52, the third driving wire 43, the fourth driving wire 44, the seventh driving wire 53, and the eighth driving wire 54 each are independent driving wires. In this way, the mounting process of the driving wires is reduced, which is more convenient to mount the driver wire, thereby improving the installation efficiency. It will be appreciated that the diameter of the end spherical structure of each driving wire is greater than the diameter of each through hole.

[0064] The operating arm 100 and the surgical robot provided herein, by providing a first rotatable shaft 111 and a second rotatable shaft 112 having different diameters, and using the first group of driving wires 4 starting from the first rotatable shaft 111 and terminating at the first position of the connecting assembly 6, and the second group of driving wire 5 starting at the second rotatable shaft 112 and terminating at the second position of the connecting assembly 6, such different starting positions and different terminating positions facilitate the driving wires drive the connecting assembly 6 move different degrees in different directions, thereby implementing the end instrument 3 is driven by the first group of driving wire 4 and the second group of driving wire 5 to realize movement of the corresponding degrees of freedom, thereby increasing the flexibility of the operating arm 100 during operation.

[0065] The above-described embodiments have only expressed several embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and detail, but are not therefore to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that variations and modifications may be made to one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of the appended claims should be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar arrangements.