Abstract
A computer-implemented method and system are provided for enabling digital imaging of both secure and non-secure areas of instant lottery tickets on demand across a geographically diverse network. Instant lottery tickets produced with this system accommodate smaller volume print runs, process color, and a greater level of customization.
Claims
1. An instant ticket networked production method for just in time production of instant tickets for games defined by a plurality of tickets with variable indicia imaging data hidden by a Scratch-Off Coating (SOC) using a networked production system, the networked production method comprising: (a) shuffling or assigning prizes to individual tickets conducted by a networked game server within a secure facility; (b) generating the imaging data from the shuffled instant tickets and converting the imaging data into ciphertext; (c) remotely transmitting the programming and game generation ciphertext imaging data to the game server; (d) providing external audit access to the game server, such that portions of the imaging data may be reviewed by a third party in cleartext; (e) providing secure interfaces to at least one super-mini digital press, such that the imaging data can be downloaded on demand; (f) remotely downloading the imaging data ciphertext from the game server; (g) decrypting the downloaded programming and game generation ciphertext local to the at least one super-mini digital press, thereby converting the ciphertext imaging data from the game server to cleartext suitable for printing; (h) transferring production data from the at least one super-mini digital press to the game server in the secure facility for generation of ship and validation files; and (i) performing data or file segmentation, thereby partitioning the imaging data into discrete pools or packets enabling downloading of individual pools or packets to different printing facilities on demand, wherein printing economies for the instant tickets are realized via just in time instant ticket production.
2. The instant ticket networked production method of claim 1, wherein the production data transferred remotely from the at least one super-mini digital press is used to generate a stolen pack file.
3. The instant ticket networked production method of claim 1, wherein at least two super-mini digital presses are provided that are located in different geographical areas from each other.
4. The instant ticket networked production method of claim 1, wherein at least two super-mini digital presses are provided that print separate discrete portions of a same game.
5. The instant ticket networked production method of claim 1, wherein the same game is printed in multiple portions at different times.
6. The instant ticket networked production method of claim 1, wherein game server access is provided over the Internet.
7. The instant ticket networked production method of claim 1, wherein two or more remote super-mini digital presses are granted limited access to the game server.
8. The instant ticket networked production method of claim 1, wherein non-production personnel are granted limited access to the game server.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
(1) FIG. 1 is an exemplary schematic front isometric view of a typical, prior art, instant lottery fixed plate printing press line capable of producing traditional instant lottery tickets;
(2) FIG. 2 is a schematic front isometric view of one embodiment of a super-mini digital imager instant ticket printing line capable of producing both traditional and targeted small-run instant lottery tickets;
(3) FIG. 3 is a schematic front isometric view of one embodiment of a printing line for efficiently applying lower security layers to a web substrate in support of the embodiment of FIG. 2;
(4) FIG. 4 is a schematic front isometric view of a second alternative of an embodiment of a super-mini digital imager instant ticket printing line capable of producing both traditional and targeted small-run instant lottery tickets;
(5) FIG. 5 is a schematic front isometric view of a third alternative of a preferred embodiment of a super-mini digital imager instant ticket printing line capable of producing both traditional and targeted small-run instant lottery tickets;
(6) FIG. 6 is an exemplary diagram providing a graphical overview of the prior art typical instant lottery fixed plate printing press big bang central production and distribution enabled for tickets produced by the prior art hybrid press line of FIG. 1;
(7) FIG. 7 is a diagram providing a graphical overview of a distributed printing system enabled by the embodiments of FIG. 2 through FIG. 5;
(8) FIG. 7A is a diagram providing a graphical overview of a cloud based secure game server security access enabled by the embodiment of FIG. 7;
(9) FIG. 7B is a diagram providing a graphical overview of the multiple security layers of the cloud based secure game server security access of FIG. 7A;
(10) FIG. 8 is an exemplary diagram providing a graphical overview of the distributed printing system of FIGS. 7, 7A, and 7B;
(11) FIG. 9 is a flowchart providing a graphical overview of a first embodiment as applied to the preproduction process and compatible with the embodiment of FIGS. 7, 7A, and 7B and FIG. 8; and,
(12) FIG. 10 is a flowchart providing a graphical overview of a first embodiment as applied to the production process and compatible with the embodiments of FIGS. 7, 7A, and 7B, FIG. 8, and FIG. 9.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
(13) In the context of this invention secure portions of lottery tickets or other documents refer to variable indicia that are hidden under a Scratch-Off Coating (SOC) until the ticket or document is played. Non-secure portions of lottery tickets or other documents refer to areas that are visible while the ticket or document is in a pristine conditioni.e., not scratched or played. Examples of non-secure areas would include a ticket or document's display, overprint, or backing. Also, throughout this description, the terms process color and four-color imaging are used interchangeably. In the context of this invention, the term four-color imaging refers to a specific subset of process color imagingi.e., Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and blacK (CMYK). As used herein, the term white with respect to the white SOC security layer or any other layer means a layer white in color or other light color onto which a subsequent display, overprint or other layer with various types of indicia can be clearly discerned. Finally, in the context of this invention, the term super mini refers to any configuration of digital imager network-enabled printing presses capable of printing SOC secured documentse.g., see disclosures as embodied in FIGS. 2, 4, and 5. These super mini presses are of comparatively small size and cost relative to the non-network-enabled prior art presses (e.g., FIG. 1) also capable of printing SOC secured documents. While most super mini presses, as disclosed herein, are of a hybrid type employing a combination of digital imagers (typically for imaging indicia, display, backing, and overprints) and fixed plate printing stations used for various security coatings (e.g., FIGS. 2 and 4) the term super mini can also refer to a printing press with only digital imaging included (e.g., FIG. 5).
(14) Producing and ensuring the security of on-demand instant ticket print runs across networked printing locations in an economically viable fashion requires segmentation, synchronized release of information, and coordination. By maintaining all game generation functionality in a central, secure, server system, the physical printing process being conducted primarily by digital imagers need not be located in the same facility with the central server system, but can be distributed over a geographically diverse network, so that new economies can be achieved both in terms of monetary costs and time to delivery, that were previously not possible.
(15) Part of these economies arise from pushing all major digital security requirements up to the central site server system, with, other economies (particularly delivery speed) achieved via the optional geographically diverse printing network, thereby, enabling production of lottery products within a given lottery's jurisdiction. Other economies arise from incorporating digital process color imagers instead of fixed plate printing for the majority if not all of the ticket's variable indicia, display, overprint, and, backing. By eliminating fixed plate printing for all or almost all of the ticket's variable indicia, display, overprint, and backing, great efficiencies are achieved in terms of press setup, press size, press cost, and ticket customization. While present technology digital process color imagers may not operate with web speeds (e.g., 100-500 FPMFeet Per Minute; 31 to 152 MPMMeters Per Minute) as fast as fixed plate systems (e.g., 600-1,000 FPM; 183 to 305 MPM), the efficiencies achieved by a distributed network of process color imagers in terms of setup, size, and press costs allow such systems to produce instant lottery tickets with a competitive cost advantage for press runs well into the millions of tickets. This shifting of the lottery instant ticket production paradigm from large big bang print runs of at least ten million tickets to smaller print runs enabled by the distributed networks of digital super-mini process color imagers in turn enables production of new types of lottery instant tickets targeted at groups other than super users, thereby expanding the lottery marketplace.
(16) Reference will now be made to one or more embodiments of the system and methodology of the invention as illustrated in the figures. It should be appreciated that each embodiment is presented by way of explanation of aspects of the invention, and is not meant as a limitation of the invention. For example, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment may be used with another embodiment to yield still a further embodiment. It is intended that the invention include these and other modifications that come within the scope and spirit of the invention.
(17) Before describing the present invention, it may be useful to first provide a brief description of the current state of the art of instant ticket production and printing to ensure that a common lexicon is established of existing systems prior to disclosing the present invention. This description of the current state of the art of instant ticket press is provided in the discussions of FIG. 1 with the prior art distribution network provided in the discussions FIG. 6.
(18) FIG. 1 depicts an exemplary front isometric view of a typical fixed plate hybrid printing press line 100 as currently utilized for the printing of instant lottery instant tickets. This hybrid press is typically comprised of fixed plate flexographic stations 102 through 105 and 107 through 110 inline with monochromatic drop on demand inkjet imager(s) 106 for printing the variable indicia. Alternatively, the hybrid press may also include offset plate printing for the process color stations 104 and 110 combined with flexographic stations for the security ink applicationsoffset press stations typically not being suitable for security ink applications due to the relatively thin ink film layer printed by the plate offset process. Of course, as would be apparent to one skilled in the art based on this disclosure, other hybrid press configurations are also possiblee.g., gravure stations for the security coatings.
(19) In FIG. 1, paper is supplied to the printing line via web feed 101 being pulled into a first fixed plate printing unit 102 that typically prints a lower opacity layer ink film confined to what will be the scratch-off area. This lower opacity layer ink film is typically confined to only the scratch-off area since it is normally primarily composed of carbon with subsequent ink films applied on top of the opacity ink film consequently appearing dark or gray due to the darkness of the opacity layer. After the lower opacity layer application, one or two impressions of a white or light color overprint are applied by print units 103 to create a higher contrast background for the monochromatic digitally imaged indicia. After the contrasting ink film(s) layer(s) are applied, CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and blacK) typically are applied by the four print stations 104 for the ticket display areas, as well as optional Benday patterns (i.e., wavy variable security patterns designed to make cut and pasting of variable or other indicia from one ticket to another difficult). Next, the web is flipped (not shown in FIG. 1) and print station 105 prints the ticket back display, typically with a monochromatic fixed plate. The web is normally flipped again and routed at this point to front and back variable monochromatic digital imagers 106 for imaging of the variable indicia and inventory control barcodes. After the variable indicia are imaged, a fixed plate print station 107 normally prints a release ink film or layer over the scratch-off area. The release ink film forms a hard surface that protects the variable indicia from damage caused by scratching, as well as enables any subsequent ink film to scratch off. Next, print station 108 applies an upper opacity ink film over the release layer to provide additional protection against candling as well as fluorescence of the variable indicia. Similar to the lower security ink films, one or two impressions of a white or light color SOC overprint are applied by print station 109 to create a higher contrast background for the overprints. Finally, four-color CMYK or spot color screened plates of print station 110 apply the overprint to the scratch-off area with the resulting web of lottery tickets accumulated in a take-up reel 111.
(20) This classic instant lottery ticket printing press line 100 has been developed over decades and is designed for efficiencies of costs for very large print runs (e.g., 10 million to 500 million tickets) where the high start-up and press costs can be amortized over a large number of tickets. Consequently, these classic instant lottery ticket press lines 100 are large in size and costs and tend to be collocated in a few large secure facilities with game programming servers. Another effect of the classic press line 100 is that the high volume print runs necessary to amortize costs limit creativity and customization of lottery ticket game design, as well as require significant lag time for the production and distribution of tickets from the production facilities to the lottery jurisdictions. When it is realized that large print runs of tickets inherently have significant weighte.g., 100 million 2 inch (5.1 cm)4 inch (10.2 cm)10-point tickets would weigh approximately 139 tons or around 126,100 kg), it can be readily appreciated that express shipping of such hefty loads would carry a prohibitively high cost.
(21) In comparison to traditional prior art production, FIG. 2 is a front isometric view of an embodiment of a super-mini digital imager instant ticket printing line 120 according to this invention capable of being networked across diverse geographical areas. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, paper is supplied to the printing line via a web feed 101 being pulled into a first digital imager 122 where the tickets' secure variable indicia portion is printed. Secure printing of the variable indicia portion directly on the web is possible if the web feed paper is of a secure stock (e.g., foil, opacity paper) or was pretreated if opacity and optional chemical barriers are pre-applied.
(22) Both the tickets' secure variable indicia portion and display portion could be imaged simultaneously by the first digital imager 122. A second digital imager 123 then receives the web from the first digital imager 122 and prints the ticket back. After the second digital imager 123, a series of inline fixed plate (e.g., flexographic) printing stations apply a release coating by print station 124 (enabling subsequent coatings to scratch off and the underlying variable indicia to be visible, such as a transparent or translucent release layer), at least one opacity coating by print station 125, a white SOC by print station 126, and four (CMYK) process colors by print stations 127. Finally, a web take-up reel 111 then collects the printed ticket stock for further processing by a packaging line. If both the tickets' secure variable indicia portion and display portions were imaged simultaneously by the first digital imager 122, then the fixed plate process color print stations 127 would only print the overprint. Alternatively, the fixed plate process color print stations 127 could image the overprint as well as the display.
(23) In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the upper security ink film applications of print stations 125 and 126 may be preferably applied with a flood coating method, wherein the entire surface of the web substrate is coated with the ink film layers. This embodiment has the advantage of reducing registration requirements, as well as make ready or setup times by eliminating the need to swap printing plates from one game print run to another by making the upper security coatings generic from game to game. However, flood coating would mandate that both the tickets' display and overprints be printed by the four (CMYK) process color printers 127.
(24) As illustrated in FIG. 2, the super-mini digital imager instant ticket printing line 120 images variable indicia and/or display directly on the web as it unrolls from the feeder 101. This is possible only if the lower security functionality (e.g., opacity, diffusion barrier, etc.) is either applied by an offline process or maintained by the characteristics of the substrate itself. Examples of suitable paper substrate would be: foil-laminated card stock with a white aqueous ink film applied to the foil surface (e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 4,540,628Oberdeck et. al.), or dark core opaque substrates resisting delamination (e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 5,213,664Hansell et. al.).
(25) An example of an embodiment of a suitable offline security ink film applicator 121 is provided in FIG. 3. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, paper is supplied to the printing line via web feed 101 being pulled into a first fixed plate printing unit 102 that prints a lower opacity layer ink film flood coated across the entire paper substrate. By flood-coating the opacity ink film across the entire substrate's surface the ink film applicator 121 avoids complexities and waste associated with press registration. More specifically, by flood coating the opacity ink film across the entire substrate's surface, the opacity security layer becomes generic for any ticket layout, since the opacity layer is no longer confined to the scratch-off area exclusively. However, this generic flood coating of a dark opacity layer necessitates sufficient flood coating applications by print stations 103 of a white or light color overprints also applied across the entire substrate's surface to create a generic solid high contrast background for the digitally imaged variable indicia. Thus, multiple fixed plate printing stations 103 (four, for example, illustrated in FIG. 3) may be required to achieve a sufficiently white or light color, homogeneous, high-contrast surface before the finished lower security prepared web is rolled in take-up reel 111. In a preferred embodiment, the white or light color overprint print stations 103 utilize the gravure printing process, thereby applying a thicker, more opaque ink film than flexographic or offset. The extra costs of gravure cylinders are balanced by the generic full flood application (i.e., same cylinder for all print runs) and the substantially higher longevity of gravure cylinders than other plate processes.
(26) The exemplary prior art fixed plate hybrid printing press line 100 as currently utilized for the printing of lottery instant tickets (FIG. 1) typically eschews pretreating the substrate in a manner enabled by the ink film applicator embodiment 121 of FIG. 3, principally due to its large expected instant lottery ticket print volumes of 10 million to 500 million tickets per print run and high press speedse.g., 600 to 1,000 FPM (183 to 305 MPM). The amount of substrate needed to print this volume of tickets makes the associated labor costs of loading and unloading multiple web rolls prohibitively high. However, with the lower press speeds and shorter print run sizes associated with the super-mini digital imager instant ticket printing line 120 of FIG. 2, as well as supporting a geographically diverse network of printing lines, the extra labor costs of pretreating substrate becomes negligible. Additionally, the higher press speeds typical of the prior art fixed plate hybrid printing press line 100 makes applying opaque or near opaque white or high contrast ink films on top of a dark lower opacity layer extremely difficult.
(27) FIG. 4 depicts another embodiment of a super-mini digital imager instant ticket printing line 120 capable of being placed in network operations. As before, in the embodiment of printing line 120, secure paper is supplied to the printing line via a web feed 101 being pulled into a first digital imager 122 where the tickets' secure variable indicia and optionally non-secure display are printed. Also as before, the second digital imager 123 then receives the web from the first digital imager 122 and prints the ticket back. After the second digital imager 123, an inline fixed-plate printing station 124 applies a release coating with at least one opacity coating applied by print station 125 and at least one white SOC applied by print station 126 with the subsequent CMYK process color overprints applied by a third digital imager 130. As before, a web take-up reel 111 collects the printed ticket stock for further processing by a packaging line. It should be noted that with the embodiment 120, the white SOC would typically include a primer compatible with the ink or dye printed by the imager 130. Depending on the chemistry of the ink applied by the imager 130, a separate print station may be needed to print an additional primer layer e.g., dye based imagers typically require a thicker ink film of primer than pigmented based imagers. If a separate primer print station is utilized, the chemistry of the SOC and possibly the upper opacity layer must necessarily be compatible with the primer's chemistrye.g., the upper security ink films and the primer all should have an alkaline pH. Due to the typical energy cured (e.g., ultraviolet or electron beam) nature of the release coating resulting in a hardened cured ink film, the chemical compatibility requirements between the release ink film and any added primer are greatly reduced so long as subsequent ink films applied to the release coating scratch-off with the correct amount of resistance.
(28) If both the tickets' secure variable indicia and display were imaged simultaneously by first digital imager 122, then the third digital imager 130 would only image the overprint. Alternatively, the third digital imager 130 could image the display and overprints. The embodiment of the printing line 120 has the advantage of fewer fixed plate printing stations and consequently further reduced make-ready (setup) time and expense when printing game to game.
(29) FIG. 5 depicts another alternative embodiment of a super-mini digital imager instant ticket printing line 120 capable of being placed in network operations according to this invention. As before, in the embodiments of the printing lines 120 and 120, secure paper is supplied to the printing line via the web feed 101 being pulled into a first digital imager 122 where the tickets' secure variable indicia and optionally non-secure display are printed. Also as before, the second digital imager 123 receives the web from the first digital imager 122 printing the ticket back. However, after the second digital imager 123, a third digital imager 131 prints the release coat. The release coat is printed only over the secure variable indicia (i.e., not flood coated) as controlled by the imager 131. In this embodiment, the release coat requires that only pigmented, not dye based, imaging ink or film be printed by imager 131 with the applied release ink film cured via direct energyi.e., either ultraviolet (UV) or electron beam curing. Pigmented inks differ from dye-based inks in that pigmented inks contain solid particles suspended in a liquid solution, where the entire composition of dye based inks is a liquid solution. The solid particles and energy curing is essential to establish a thick enough release ink film residue to protect the underlying variable indicia from damage from scratching, as well as function as suitable foundation for subsequent ink film layers to be applied that will scratch off.
(30) After the digital imager 131 has printed the release coat, at least one digital imager 132 prints the upper opacity layer over the release coat. Similar to the release coat, the application of the upper opacity layer by the digital imager 132 must be comprised of pigmented ink to ensure sufficient opacity. Though, unlike the release coat, this upper opacity ink film applied by the digital imager 132 must be water based and dried by convection heat and/or infrared (IR) heat, typically leaving a thinner ink film deposit than direct energy curing. This abstention from direct energy curing of the upper opacity ink film (and other upper scratch-off ink films) takes into account at least potential human safety and health concernsi.e., any ink film that can be scratched-off has the potential to be ingested by a consumer. Direct energy curable inks tend to include toxic chemicals that become benign when fully cured, however the uncertainty of direct energy systems fully curing 100% of the active ingredients in an ink film make such ink formulations potentially unsafe for scratch-off applications. Thus, some opacity may be sacrificed with the imaged upper ink film layer due to the relatively thinner ink film thickness. This reduced upper opacity can be compensated for with higher opacity in the lower security coatings as a countermeasure against candling. Careful selection of variable indicia ink chemistry and composition can also reduce the need for upper opacity against known fluorescence attacks.
(31) Next, at least one imager 133 prints the SOC. Similar to before, the application of the SOC by the digital imager 133 is preferably comprised of pigmented ink to ensure sufficient coverage and is preferably water based and convection and/or IR heat dried. Additionally, the SOC imager 133 may also include a primer compatible with the chemistry of the ink subsequently applied by the CMYK imagers 130. If the ink applied by the subsequent CMYK imager 130 is dye based, a thicker primer ink film is typically needed and may consequently require another digital imager.
(32) Finally, the last imager 130 prints a full color (CMYK) SOC overprint and optionally the ticket display. As before, a web take-up reel 111 collects the printed ticket stock for further processing by a packaging line. The embodiment 120 has the advantage of no fixed plate printing stations and consequently virtually no make-ready time when printing game to game.
(33) Currently, there are at least three manufacturers of high-resolution web based digital imagers capable of supporting embodiments 120, 120 and 120. Hewlett Packard (HP) Indigo, Memjet waterfall print heads, and Xerox CiPress series are high-resolution color imagers that readily accommodate networked operations. Additionally, the HP, Memjet, and Xerox imagers all accommodate stopping the press line for adjustment and restarting without the need for reregistration of the web imaging. Consequently, the press operators of embodiments 120, 120 and especially 120 will tend to require less training and skill and therefore be available at presumably less expensive labor rates.
(34) When comparing the traditional instant lottery ticket printing press line 100 of FIG. 1 to the FIGS. 2, 4, and 5 embodiments of the super-mini digital imager instant ticket printing lines 120, 120 and 120 capable of functioning in a network, it becomes apparent that the embodiment of the printing line 120 is smallertypically, around 50 feet (15 meters) in lengththan the traditional instant lottery ticket printing press line 100 lengthtypically, around 300 feet (91 meters)of FIG. 1, with embodiments of printing line 120FIG. 4; approximately 45 feet (14 meters) in lengthand printing line 120FIG. 5; approximately 40 feet (12 meters) in lengthbeing smaller still. These smaller press sizes equate to less cost in terms of equipment, facilities, consumables and utilities, as well as faster press setup times since a significant number of fixed plate printing units have been eliminated, thus the time required to setup each fixed plate printing station, as well as to place the fixed plate printing station in registration with the lees of the press. Additionally, the elimination of a significant number of fixed plate printing units also results in reduction of costs due to the elimination of plate fabrication, as well as the cost reduction due to quicker press setup.
(35) For example, the traditional instant lottery ticket printing press 100 typically consumes around 6,000 linear feet (1829 meters) of paper just to register its multiple fixed plate printing stations 102 through 105 and 107 through 110 of FIG. 1. In contrast, the embodiments of the digital imager instant ticket printing lines 120, 120, and 120 offer instant registration for the digital imaging portion with minimal paper usage required for registering the fixed printing stations 124 through 127 of printing line 120 of FIG. 2 and the printing stations 124 through 126 of printing line 120 of FIG. 4 with virtually no additional paper registration required for the presently preferred embodiment of the printing line 120 of FIG. 5.
(36) More specifically, the embodiments of printing lines 120, 120 and 120 (FIG. 2, FIG. 4, and FIG. 5, respectively) have small size, small make-ready (setup) times, and less registration requirements that enable economical production of small print runs (e.g., less than 10 million and preferably less than 3 million) of instant lottery tickets, which enable new forms of game designs, as well as distributed printing over a geographically diverse network. Additionally, the small print runs and distributed printing on demand over a network greatly reduce waste due to the reductions in instant ticket inventories. These reductions in waste can be substantial, thereby offering a significant cost savings to the lotteries and instant ticket printere.g., if an instant ticket game is printed with a high top prize (e.g., $1,000,000), once the top prize is won sales for that particular game will drop off rapidly and less tickets will remain unsold and have to be returned to the supplier or destroyed. However, with the invention of digital imager instant ticket printing lines preferably located local to the lottery distribution center, portions of an entire print run can be printed at a time on demand, thereby eliminating the waste associated with big bang printing when a particular game becomes unpopular with the public.
(37) As would be apparent to one skilled in the art in view of this description, there are numerous other permutations of super-mini digital imager printing lines (e.g., flexographic stations before the first digital imager, additional flexographic stations between the second and third digital imagers, sheet feed paper, two separate print lines for the lower portions and the upper portions, etc.) that under some circumstances may be alternatives to or preferable to the disclosed embodiments. The significant characteristics of the present invention are that the super-mini digital imager lines utilized must accept local or remote image feeds, support rapid startup with very little make ready (prep) time, accept and process digital imaging from a central server, be relatively small in size, and require minimal skill of the press operators.
(38) Thus, the support for smaller press runs sizes enabled by a network of digital imager printing lines allows for printing on demand over geographically diverse areas. This last statement is significant, for it highlights the potential for new types of targeted instant lottery games that were previously not possible due to the large number of tickets required for a minimum print run (e.g., at least 10 million) and the large size, operational complexity, and costs of traditional hybrid fixed plate and digital imager presses. Additionally, the capability to print on demand over geographically diverse areas creates a lower cost alternative for lottery ticket production. Rather than big bang production, where all the tickets for a game are printed at once, printing on demand at various locations allows lotteries to print only the tickets needed for a rollout, ongoing game, promotion, etc., thereby, eliminating waste and warehousing costs. With the invention of smaller, on demand print runs, when the methods of printing tickets in a network across geographically diverse areas are compared to the traditional methods of big bang instant ticket production, the efficiencies and the economies gained with networked production become profound.
(39) FIG. 6 provides a graphical example of a prior art traditional instant lottery ticket big bang production and distribution 140 system for five lotteries 144 through 148 across the continental United States. As shown in FIG. 6, all ticket production typically takes place in a secure facility 141 with game creation 142 (i.e., programming, game generation, audit, and game server) collocated with a large traditional press line 100. While not essential, the collocation of game creation 142 and the traditional press line 100 is typical, since both require the same level of security with the monochromatic 240 dpi imager data usually transferred from the game creation location 142 to the press imagers 106 (FIG. 1) over a secured Local Area Network (LAN).
(40) Returning to FIG. 6, once the physical instant lottery ticket production is completed and the tickets have been packaged, the entire print run of tickets is then transported, usually by truck 143, due to weight, to the lotteries 144 through 148 for warehouse storage and eventual distribution to retailer outlets, usually via private or common carrier. Thus, the existing big bang method of instant lottery ticket production and distribution 140 typically requires all tickets to be produced at one time to achieve efficiencies in a large press such as the press line 100, with the resulting printed tickets transported over great distances from the secure production facility 141 to the lotteries 144 through 148. This existing method produces delays due to production and transportation, as well as inefficiencies and hindrance of game design, due to large volumes of tickets produced at the same planned time.
(41) In contrast, the distributed processing network of digital imager printing lines 200 according to the present invention illustrated in FIG. 7 eliminates these inefficiencies and hindrances by producing tickets in smaller lots, on demand, and over a diverse geographical area. In FIG. 7, game programming 154 and the secure game server 177 are illustrated at one geographical location 201 set together with one of the imager lines 120. However, in other embodiments, the secure game server 177 could be located in a separate facility 201 from any printing lines and separate from the location of game programming 154.
(42) In separate fixed geographical locations 202, 203, and mobile locations 205, such as trailers, other imager lines 120, 120, and 120 (respectively) are available over the distributed network 200 via terrestrial 204 and extraterrestrial 207 methods of communications. In the example of FIG. 7, extraterrestrial communications 207 are achieved via a satellite link 207 with data transmitted from the game server 177 to the mobile receiver 208. In both modes of communications, the transmitted data should be encrypted and encapsulated in a Virtual Private Network (VPN). There are other variations of this embodiment (e.g., cruise ship as a variant of the mobile printing facility) that would be apparent to those skilled in the art based on this description, and in some cases they may be more advantageous.
(43) In a presently preferred embodiment, the secure game server may be located at a separate secure data center 201 (e.g., Switch Supernap Data Center in Las Vegas, Nev.) with secure access granted to authorized users including super mini presses via the Internet. The location of the secure game server within a secure datacenter provides additional cost savings with the redundant utilities (e.g., uninterruptable power, climate control, Internet bandwidth, facility redundancy, etc.), physical security, access logistics, etc. provided by the secure datacenter provider. Typically, the security, reliability, and integrity of data centers greatly exceed the capabilities of traditional instant lottery ticket provider secure facilities. By locating the secure game server at a data center, scalability is provided with greater economies and efficiencies than is achievable with legacy isolated access print servers at printing faculties commonly practiced in the art.
(44) Traditionally, instant ticket manufacturers are opposed to conducting game server operations over a remote networked data center due to security concerns. To date, all instant ticket manufacturers operate their game servers in private secure facilities collocated with at least one printing press and no standard connection to the Internet. However, as a practical matter, this network isolated game server paradigm significantly hampers economies while arguably compromising security. For example, numerous digital audits conducted by instant ticket manufacturing personnel and by outside auditors are typically performed on each game before it is printed. By isolating the secure game server at the print facility, outside auditors typically have to physically travel to the facility, thus increasing expenses and correspondingly shortening the audit time available for each game, as well as creating game scheduling problems. Additionally, various cryptographic security protocols (e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 8,043,154Bennett), where instant ticket validation data are shuffled via a pseudorandom key known only to the sponsoring lottery or a trusted third party become troublesome and complex to implement with an isolated game server. Furthermore, secure isolated systems, by definition, feature very limited access by a few trusted individuals. Regretfully, history is rife with security failures of these types of limited access systems, because by restricting access to a few trusted individuals, the number of people required to conduct a successful conspiracy on a security system drops to a small enough number (e.g., one or two) that it is not uncommon for some unscrupulous personnel to attempt fraud. For example, in the year 2000 the Kansas Lottery's computer systems manager, Richard Knowlton, a trusted individual with unique system access was arrested for converting instant ticket validation files, transforming one hundred twenty-three losing lottery tickets to winning ticket validation codes for prizes that he then claimed. In this example, if more people had access to the Kansas instant ticket validation system this particular fraud would have most likely never occurred due to the need of Mr. Knowlton to recruit multiple accomplices.
(45) Thus, with the preferred embodiment of networked secure game servers, cloud based services can be provided geographically independent to predefined groups of users with functional roles. By utilizing multiple layers of security with serial access granted by different devices, a cloud based game server can become accessible via the Internet yet still ensure that access is only granted to trusted individuals. For example, Access Control Lists ACLs (i.e., access control matrix stored separately one column at a time) security can be readily maintained on routers and/or firewalls for the limited number of authorized game server users (e.g., state lotteries, instant ticket provider, auditors, offsite super mini presses) thereby providing data-oriented security. At the same time application granularity via individual user sandboxes (i.e., a restricted environment where each user has at most temporary access to a restricted directory) with his or her own applet also managed by an Object Request Broker ORB (i.e., a software component resident on the game server that mediates communications between objects where separate objects can be applets accessing portions of instant ticket databases) could be maintained on the game server itself. The significant concept is that the combination of multiple security interfaces via serially linked components results in layered system level security is arguably more secure than the traditional isolated game server paradigm.
(46) For example, FIG. 7A provides an illustration of one possible embodiment 250 of a cloud based (i.e., a game server 177 (FIG. 7) in a separate location from the presses and possibly game programming 154 (FIG. 7)) networked game server configuration that would securely support the embodiment 200 of FIG. 7. As shown in FIG. 7A, the networked game server system 250 receives and transmits data to and from authorized users including press servers over the Internet 251 via partially redundant serial paths through multiple separate security devices. In this example, access to the Internet 251 is provided by redundant protected Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) links carrying TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) traffic routed through a secured breakout box 252 to redundant routers 253 and 254 (e.g., Cisco model number 3845 routers). TCP/IP traffic from either router 253 and 254 is then serially transmitted to the first firewall 256, VPN (Virtual Private Network) concentrator 257, secondary firewall 258, IPS/IDS (Intrusion Protection System/Intrusion Detection System) 260 and Demilitarized Zone or DMZ demarcation firewall 262 to the game server 177.
(47) Both routers 253 and 254 perform the first layer of security screening. Preferably, these routers would use Context-Based Access Control (CBAC) to maintain a persistent state (based on information from inspected data packets) and use that state information to decide which traffic should be forwarded. Thus, the routers filter out unauthorized ports and access prior to the first firewall 256effectively increasing the bandwidth of the firewall 256 and freeing it for more detailed security analysis of incoming data streams. With CBAC, the router access lists (e.g., authorized users' Internet addresses) define which sessions will be allowed to pass through the router 253 or 254, rather than specifying exactly which packets are to be allowed, thereby establishing the first layer of security for the networked game server 177.
(48) In this example, after the user data stream clears the appropriate router, it is then applied to the first firewall 256 for the next layer of security. The first firewall 256 automatically logs any connection from the outside, providing a listing of the address and Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) identity of any user who has made or attempted to connect to the system. Additionally, the firewall 256 should only allow access according to a specified list (ACL) equipped with the ability to lock down access by port. Finally, the firewall 256 should also feature a stateful inspection feature that checks each session to ensure that no out-of-specification transmissions have been attemptede.g., forbidden file types transmitted.
(49) Next, the VPN concentrator 257 receives the user data stream passed by firewall 256. The user would now establish an encrypted session with the VPN concentrator 257. For the encrypted session to begin and the user allowed to continue to attempt to communicate with the game server 177, there ideally should be three layers of authentication that the user must pass, in addition to establishing a session encryption key with the VPN concentrator 257. When the user first attempts to establish a VPN session with the concentrator 257, the user should initially be challenged by the concentrator 257 to produce a first layer of authenticatione.g., Hash based Message Authentication Code (HMac) created with a keyed hash of a pseudorandomly chosen number (i.e., both the user and the VPN concentrator 257 have a priori knowledge of the shared authentication key before the session is started). Typically, if this layer of authentication fails, the VPN concentrator 257 should terminate the session with the failure registered in the administrative log 261.
(50) Assuming the user passes the first layer of authentication, a VPN tunnel is created thereby ensuring that all future communications with the game server 177 are passed through the Internet 251 as ciphertext, including TCP/IP routing information at the user's facility and the game server 177 system. Immediately after the VPN tunnel is created, the concentrator 257 would request a second layer of authentication information from the user via the newly secured channel. In response, the user transmits a unique login and password through the VPN tunnel. The concentrator 257 would then receive and decrypt this second layer authentication information and then query a separate Radius server 259, which would log this attempt 261. Ideally, this authentication process involves confirming that the user's identity and password are valid as well as confirming that the data stream originated from the correct Internet Protocol (IP) address. The Radius server 259 would then inform the concentrator whether the user's authentication passed or failed. If the user is successfully authenticated, the concentrator 257 would allow the user to communicate with the game server 177 for the third (application) layer of authentication. However, if the user fails its second layer authentication, the concentrator 257 should immediately drop the VPN connection and log the event as before.
(51) The third and final level of authentication is performed by the game server 177 itself. When the user is authenticated by the Radius server 259, the concentrator 257 then allows internal, clear text, communications to continue through the second firewall 258, by the IPS/IDS 260, ultimately to the game server 177. The game server 177 then challenges the user to authenticate one last time at the application layer.
(52) In summary, in the preferred example, to access the preferred cloud based game server 177 and 177 in example embodiments 250 and 250, six different layers of security 275 through 280 must be traversed by a user with three different levels of authenticationsee FIG. 7B. The first layer of security 275 is between the Internet 251 and one of the two redundant routers 253 or 254. As previously discussed, the router 253 or 254 function as a first level CBAC firewall. The second layer of security 276 is via another firewall 256 providing authentication access control and stateful inspection of the data stream. The third layer of security 277 is provided by the VPN concentrator 257 that requires the user to know an a priori encryption key. At this point, the accepted user data stream is converted from ciphertext to cleartext. The fourth layer of security 278 provides another firewall 258 that performs stateful inspection of the incoming data stream in cleartext. With the fifth layer of security 279, the DMZ is continuously analyzed by the IPS and IDS 260 for any erroneous activity. Ideally, this system is managed by a third party security firm familiar with the multiplicities of possible attacks originating from the Internet 251. Finally, the sixth layer of security 280 is provided by another firewall 262 isolating the DMZ from the game server 177 with application level authentication performed by the game server 177 itself.
(53) With these multiple layers of security 275 through 280 and authentication isolating the game server 177, the potential security disadvantages of configuring the game server 177 in the cloud with Internet access are mitigated with the resulting system arguably more secure than the traditional restricted trust and access security model currently employed for game servers. Therefore, the preferred cloud based networked game server embodiments 250 and 250 offers comparable or superior security to the prior art, while also enabling efficiencies and economies of production that were hereunto unattainable.
(54) Returning to FIG. 7, with the distributed network 200, portions of a super-mini print on demand press run can be subdivided over multiple facilities 201, 202, 203, and 205 with respect to time, geographical proximity to lottery warehouses, type of imager press lines, workloads, etc., thereby enabling greater efficiencies in the printing process. Each of the multiple facilities 201, 202, 203, and 205 will have to include some form of physical security to minimize theft of product. However, with the invention of distributed processing network of digital imager printing lines 200, these remote security requirements can be greatly reduced in terms of digital security, since the game server 177 functions as the central data repository for all ticket production with only the allocated portions of imager data necessary for on demand printing distributed to the respective facility. Furthermore, generation by the game server 177 of ship file data (which, as its name implies, documents all packs of tickets that were produced and shipped) in the secure facility 201 that is ultimately transmitted with the validation file to the lottery central site, will include the complete listing of the shipped packs of tickets that are accounted for at the lottery warehouse. Thus, theft of one or more packs from a distributed printing facility would most likely be detected when the print run is received by the lottery. Packs that were plucked or not included in the shipment to the lottery would not be included in the ship file and therefore would not validate on the lottery central site system. Additionally, packs that were printed but not shipped (e.g., plucked for quality assurance or damaged in the printing process) could be listed in a separate stolen pack file also generated by the game server 177 that would ultimately be sent to the lottery central site responsible for game validation. The stolen pack file provides an extra layer of security for the validation systemi.e., the absence of a pack from the validation file would cause any ticket in the pack to not validate; however, the presence of a ticket from a pack appearing in the stolen pack file would provide a positive indication that a nefarious validation is being attempted, thereby flagging the attempt for lottery security.
(55) When the distributed network 200 super-mini print on demand press lines are compared to the traditional, prior art, production and distribution example of five lotteries 144 through 148 across the continental United States, graphically illustrated in FIG. 6, the newfound efficiencies become apparent. As shown in FIG. 8, the distributed network of 200 enables a geographically diverse network of printing lines (i.e., printing lines 120, 120, 120, and 120) that can theoretically be placed in each jurisdiction 144 through 148 in which a lottery has a contract with the instant ticket provider. This geographical diversity of smaller printing facilities, rather than one large big bang facility, achieves efficiencies in ticket, production previously unknown. By providing local super-mini printing in each lottery jurisdiction, the problems of inventory control, production delay, and new game design are resolved. The localized super-mini printing facilities designed for smaller volume print runs with virtually no make-ready time required between games enables print on demand at low volumes with very little lead time required for placement on sale at the retailer.
(56) Regardless of the distributed printing process, paper substrates must be shipped to each location, ultimately with the same weight of paper arguably being shipped to the same locations. However, when it is realized that shipment of a raw paper substrate (possibly enabled by the embodiment of FIG. 3) may be from local suppliers and that the raw substrate may be ordered directly from the manufacturer with long delivery times or from local suppliers (thereby reducing shipping costs), it can be seen that savings in the raw product logistics may be achieved. When the time required between producing the finished product instant lottery ticket and shipping it to the retailer is also considered, this savings grows substantially.
(57) Returning to FIG. 8, the network 200 of print on demand press lines are geographically separate from the secure facility 201 and its game server 177. As previously discussed, this separation eliminates shipping costs and delays by enabling the actual instant lottery ticket product to be produced local at the lottery jurisdiction. As also shown in FIG. 8, game programming, game generation, and game audit are physically executed 154 in a location outside of the secure facility 201 and the game server 177. With this networked embodiment, separation of game programing, etc. from the secure servers become possible, since the actual shuffle (i.e., assigning prize values to tickets), as well as, optionally, shuffle seed generation, is conducted exclusively within the game server 177 in the secure facility 201.
(58) Once the shuffle (i.e., prize assignments to tickets) and image data have been created by the game server 201, the resulting game data may be audited 154 remotely by examining generated proxy (i.e., pools of ticket data not intended to be printed) and summary data. The actual instant lottery ticket image data will reside on the game sever 201 until required for physical printing. At that time the game server 201 will transmit the instant lottery ticket image data directly to the super-mini digital imager press lines 120, 120, 120, or 120 over the network via a secure encrypted link, preferably a VPN tunnel. The instant lottery ticket image data are decrypted at the super-mini digital imager press lines sites.
(59) As previously disclosed and illustrated in FIG. 2, FIG. 4, and especially in FIG. 5, the super-mini digital imager press lines incorporated by the distributed network are primarily comprised of digital imagers of a much more technically sophisticated nature than the traditional fixed plate hybrid press line 100 of FIG. 1. This higher level of technical sophistication along with smaller size typically requires fewer press operations personnel (e.g., one or two) for super-mini imager systems than traditional presses (e.g., eight to twelve). Aside from obvious labor savings from reduction of the number of operations personnel required to operate the networked super-mini imager system, the skills required to operate the networked super-mini imager system are also greatly reduced. This corresponding reduction in skill set requirements for networked super-mini imager system operators also allows for sharing of press operators with other duties such as cooperative services functions at a lottery warehouse. Thus, it is possible that the network of super-mini imagers may be installed over geographically diverse areas without the need to expand the labor force beyond existing cooperative service warehouse workers.
(60) FIG. 8 illustrates the embodiment of a mobile networked super-mini imager press line 120 wholly contained in a typical truck trailer with communications achieved via a satellite 207. The relatively small size of super-mini imager systemse.g., approximately 40 feet (412 meters) in length for embodiment 120enables the complete production line (i.e., imager and packaging) to fit into a typical truck trailer with a length of approximately 48 to 50 feet (14.6 to 15.8 meters) and a height of around 109 inches (277 centimeters). This portability of the super-mini system allows for production to be transported where needed at specific times. For example, smaller lotteries (e.g., Delaware, South Dakota, etc.) may elect to transport the mobile production facility to their jurisdiction to produce instant lottery tickets for a given period (e.g., holiday season), thereby allowing the instant lottery ticket provider to bid on production contracts requiring some portion of production to be contained within the lottery's states. Another example would be enabling production of micro (i.e., less than 100,000) print runs of lottery tickets for specific events such as state fairs, sporting events, promotional activities, etc. The embodiment of mobile instant lottery ticket production thereby enables new types of game designs specifically targeted for new demographics.
(61) FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a process of creating super-mini digital images for instant lottery ticket press runs. As shown in the figure, the process begins with creating a specification and associated artwork or working papers 150 describing the tickets' appearance, the game play, the payout, the odds of winning, etc. Once created and agreed upon by all relevant parties, the working papers developed at step 150 are used to specify the game programing at step 151, the audit regime at steps 152 and 155, and the game generation software at step 153 that will determine which tickets win, as well as how the game indicia and display appear on the tickets. As illustrated in FIG. 9, all of this processing may be executed outside of the secure facility 201.
(62) After the game specific software is created at step 151 and audited at step 152 per the working papers, sample pools of known ticket images are created with known non-secure seeds (i.e., seeds generated for the purpose of testing) with the resulting game output at step 153 audited at step 155 for compliance with the working papers. Assuming the generated test game audits correctly, then the game software, artwork, etc. are transmitted to the secure game server 177 physically housed in the secure facility 201. A live game generation at step 157 (where the game output images will be printed as physical instant lottery tickets and placed on sale) is then conducted on the secure game server 177 using secure (i.e., secret or non-disclosed) shuffle seeds 156 generated by some mechanism within the secure facility 201, or within the game server itself 177, or generated internally by a third party (e.g., lottery). The resulting game output is converted to image data 158 compatible with the super-mini digital imager printing lines 120, 120, 120, and 120 (FIG. 8). These image data are then encrypted at step 159 (FIG. 9) and stored in the game server 177 database at step 160, where it awaits transmission to a networked super-mini digital imager printing line 120, 120, 120, and 120 (FIG. 8) at the time of the print run. As shown in FIG. 9, in a preferred embodiment the encryption keys at step 156 for the game image data are generated by the same mechanism that generates the shuffle seeds. However, in an alternative embodiment, the encryption keys could be generated by an external source (e.g., lottery). As also shown in the figure, a portion of the generated game image data are transmitted outside of the game server 177 and secure area 201 to an external audit at step 155. As would be apparent to one skilled in the art in view of this disclosure, the portions of generated game data transmitted for an external audit would be a defined lot of image data (e.g., pack, pool, etc.) that are generated with the same shuffle seeds and algorithm as the actual game data, but would be voided from the ship file and never be printed or sold in the field. For additional security, the pack numbers of virtual tickets generated for the audit could also be placed in the associated stolen pack file for the pending game.
(63) When it is time to print the instant ticket image data stored in game server 177, a portion of or the entire database at step 160 of one or more of the networked printing lines 120, 120, 120, and/or 120 (FIG. 10) is granted access at step 161 to the image data at step 160 for the pending press run. The applicable image data for the game run or portion of the game run are then transferred at step 161 to the appropriate printing line 120, 120, 120, or 120 on the network where, most probably, at least a portion of the image data (e.g., variable indicia) is encrypted. The encrypted portion of the image data is then decrypted at step 162 at the printing line 120, 120, 120, or 120 with key access gained from the game server 177 database at step 160 via a separate protocol or by other means if the encryption key was generated outside of the game server 177. The resulting cleartext image data are then physically printed by the super-mini imager at step 163, then slit and separated into packs at step 164 in preparation for shipping. The pack numbers of the completed packs are transferred back to the game server 177 at the secure facility 201 for processing at step 165 to generate and complete the ship and validation files that will ultimately be transferred to the lottery's central site. Optionally, some processed packs may be plucked at step 167 (i.e., removed from distribution and never placed on sale) for quality assurance, audit, or other purposes with the plucked pack numbers transmitted across the network to the game server 177 for audit at step 166 that includes removal from the ship file (as well as added to the stolen pack file) and confirmation that the indicia printed under the plucked pack's SOC agree with the database at step 160. After the optional pluck is completed, the packs of instant tickets are shipped to the lottery warehouse with the associated ship, stolen packs, and validation files transmitted to the lottery's central site at step 169.
(64) It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art in view of this description that various modifications and variations may be made present invention without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. It is intended that the present invention include such modifications and variations as come within the scope of the appended claims.
