Burner tip and a burner for a gas turbine

Abstract

A burner device for a gas turbine with a burner body, wherein the burner body has an axial end face, a first supply channel having a first opening in the axial end face, and a burner end element arranged at the axial end face. The burner end element has a first plenum chamber coupled to the first opening of the first supply channel, such that a first fluid is feedable from the first supply channel to the first plenum chamber. The burner end element further has a lattice structure with a plurality of interconnected pores, wherein the first plenum chamber is coupled to the lattice structure for feeding the first fluid into the lattice structure. The lattice structure forms a part of a burner surface which points to a burning chamber of the gas turbine such that a fluid connection between the burning chamber and the lattice structure is formed.

Claims

1. A burner device for a gas turbine, the burner device comprising: a burner body, wherein the burner body comprises an axial end face, wherein the burner body comprises a first supply channel which comprises a first opening in the axial end face, a burner end element which is arranged at the axial end face, wherein the burner end element comprises a first plenum chamber which is coupled to the first opening of the first supply channel, such that a first fluid is feedable from the first supply channel to the first plenum chamber, wherein the burner end element further comprises a lattice structure comprising a plurality of interconnected pores, wherein the lattice structure comprises an foam; wherein the first plenum chamber is coupled to the lattice structure for feeding the first fluid into the lattice structure, wherein the lattice structure forms a part of a burner surface which points to a burning chamber of the gas turbine such that a fluid connection between the burning chamber and the lattice structure is formed, wherein the burner body comprises a second supply channel which comprises a second opening in the axial end face, wherein the burner end element comprises a second plenum chamber which is coupled to the second opening of the second supply channel, such that a second fluid is feedable from the second supply channel to the second plenum chamber, wherein the second plenum chamber is coupled to the lattice structure for feeding the second fluid into the lattice structure, such that the first fluid and the second fluid is mixed together within the lattice structure.

2. The burner device according to claim 1, wherein the burner body further comprises a plurality of first supply channels each of which comprises a respective further first opening in the axial end face, wherein the burner body further comprises a plurality of second supply channels each of which comprises a respective further second opening in the axial end face, wherein the burner end element comprises a plurality of first plenum chambers, wherein each of which is coupled to a respective one of the first openings of the respective first supply channels, such that the first fluid is feedable from the first supply channel to the respective first plenum chamber, wherein the burner end element comprises a plurality of second plenum chambers, wherein each of which is coupled to a respective one of the further second openings of the respective second supply channels, such that the second fluid is feedable from the second supply channel to the respective second plenum chamber, and wherein the plurality of first plenum chambers and the plurality of second plenum chambers are coupled to the lattice structure for feeding the first fluid and the second fluid into the lattice structure, such that the first fluid and the second fluid is mixed together within the lattice structure.

3. The burner device according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of first plenum chambers and the plurality of second plenum chambers are formed along a circumferential direction in an alternating manner.

4. The burner device according to claim 1, wherein the burner end element further comprises a further lattice structure discrete from the lattice structure and comprising a plurality of further interconnected pores, wherein the further lattice structure is formed spaced apart from the lattice structure, wherein the first plenum chamber is coupled to the further lattice structure for feeding the first fluid into the further lattice structure, and wherein the further lattice structure forms a further part of the burner surface, which further part is spaced apart from the part of the burner surface, such that a further fluid connection between the burning chamber and the further lattice structure is formed.

5. The burner device according to claim 1, wherein the burner end element comprises a conical section which comprises the burner surface, wherein the conical section tapers along an axial direction to a tip end of the burner end element.

6. The burner device according to claim 1, wherein the lattice structure comprises a ratio between a void space for the first fluid and a bulk volume of more than 4/6.

7. The burner device according to claim 1, wherein pores in the first supply channel form fluid channels comprising a flow diameter smaller than 0.3 mm.

8. The burner device according to claim 1, wherein the lattice structure forms frame elements between pores, wherein each of the frame elements comprises a width of more than 0.5 mm.

9. The burner device according to claim 1, wherein the lattice structure comprises a baffle plate which is arranged within the lattice structure such that the first fluid is streamable against the baffle plate for controlling a flow characteristic of the first fluid.

10. A method of manufacturing a burner device for a gas turbine, the method comprising: providing a burner body, wherein the burner body comprises an axial end face, wherein the burner body comprises a first supply channel which comprises a first opening in the axial end face, wherein the burner body comprises a second supply channel that is discrete from the first supply channel and which comprises a second opening in the axial end face, arranging a burner end element at the axial end face, coupling a first plenum chamber of the burner end element to the first opening of the first supply channel, such that a first fluid is feedable from the first supply channel to the first plenum chamber, coupling a second plenum chamber of the burner end element to the second opening of the second supply channel, such that a second fluid is feedable from the second supply channel to the second plenum chamber, wherein the burner end element further comprises a lattice structure comprising a plurality of interconnected pores, wherein the lattice structure comprises an foam, wherein the first plenum chamber and the second plenum chamber are coupled to the lattice structure for feeding the first fluid into the lattice structure, and wherein the lattice structure forms a part of a burner surface which points to a burning chamber of the gas turbine such that a fluid connection between the burning chamber and the lattice structure is formed.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the lattice structure is formed by using 3D printing technique or by using casting technique.

12. A burner device, comprising: a burner body; a burner surface at a downstream end of the burner body and which faces a combustion chamber; and a central passage through the burner body and in fluid communication with the combustion chamber; a first anisotropic foam structure disposed in the burner body and in fluid communication with a first outlet in the burner surface; and a first supply channel in the burner body and in fluid communication with the first anisotropic foam structure; and a second supply channel in the burner body which is fluidically discrete from the first supply channel and also in fluid communication with the first anisotropic foam structure; wherein the first anisotropic foam structure is configured to receive an oxygen containing fluid from the first supply channel, to mix it with a fuel received from the second supply channel to form a mixture, and to deliver the mixture through the first outlet to the combustion chamber.

13. The burner device according to claim 12, further comprising a second anisotropic foam structure discrete from the first anisotropic foam structure, disposed in the burner body, in fluid communication with a second outlet in the burner surface disposed downstream of the first outlet, and in fluid communication with the first supply channel but not the second supply channel.

14. The burner device according to claim 13, wherein the second outlet is configured to deliver the oxygen containing fluid to form a film cooling of the burner surface.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The aspects defined above and further aspects of the present invention are apparent from the examples of embodiment to be described hereinafter and are explained with reference to the examples of embodiment. The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter with reference to examples of embodiment but to which the invention is not limited.

(2) FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a burner device for a gas turbine according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and

(3) FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the burner device shown in FIG. 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(4) The illustration in the drawings is in schematic form. It is noted that in different figures, similar or identical elements are provided with the same reference signs.

(5) FIG. 1 shows a burner device for a gas turbine according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The burner device comprises a burner body 120, wherein the burner body 120 comprises an axial end face 123. The burner body 120 further comprises a first supply channel 121 which has a first opening in the axial end face 123. The burner device further comprises a burner end element 100 which is arranged at the axial end face 123. The burner end element 100 comprises a first plenum chamber 101 which is coupled to the first opening of the first supply channel 121, such that a first fluid is feedable from the first supply channel 121 to the first plenum chamber 101. The burner end element 100 further comprises a lattice structure 103 with a plurality of interconnected pores, wherein the first plenum chamber 101 is coupled to the lattice structure 103 for feeding the first fluid into the lattice structure 103. The lattice structure 103 forms a part of a burner surface 104 which points to a burning chamber 140 of the gas turbine such that a fluid connection between the burning chamber 140 and the lattice structure 103 is formed.

(6) The burner body 101 comprises a tubular shape with a ring shaped cross-section. Hence, the burner body with its tubular shape forms an inner passage through which air or an air/fuel mixture may stream along the axial direction. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a main fuel mixture 107 streams along the axial direction 131.

(7) The burner body 101 has a symmetry axis running through the inner passage, wherein the described axial direction 131 is parallel to the symmetry axis of the burner body. A radial direction 132 runs through the axial direction 131 and is perpendicular to the axial direction 131. Furthermore, a circumferential direction 233 (see FIG. 2) is perpendicular to the axial direction 131 and the radial direction 132 and runs around the axial direction 131 and the symmetry axis, respectively.

(8) The burner device is attachable to an upstream axial end of a combustor. The burner device injects the fuel and the air, in particular the hydrogen rich fuel and an oxygen rich gas or a mixture of both, respectively, into the burning chamber 140 of the combustor of the gas turbine.

(9) The burner body 101 comprises at least a first supply channel 121 which has an opening at the above-mentioned axial end face 123 of the burner body 120. Through the first supply channel 121, first fluid, such as oxygen rich gas such as air is guided. The burner body 101 further comprises a second supply channel 122 which has a further opening at the above-mentioned axial end face 123 of the burner body 120. Through the second supply channel 122, second fluid, such as hydrogen rich gas, is guided.

(10) The burner end element 100 comprises a ring shape and is formed such that the burner end element 100 fits onto the end face 123 of the ring shaped the burner body 120.

(11) The first plenum chamber 101 of the burner end element 100 is arranged within the burner end element 100 such that the first fluid is feedable from the first supply channel 121 to the first plenum chamber 101 if the burner end element 100 is fixed onto the end face 123 of the burner body 120.

(12) The burner end element 100 further comprises a burner surface 104 which is the surface which points in the direction to the inner volume of the burning chamber 140 of the combustor of the gas turbine. The burner surface 104 is in other words the surface of the burner device and the burner end element 100, respectively, which is arranged closest to a flame 108 burning inside the burning chamber 140. Specifically, the burner surface 104 is the surface through which a fuel and/or the fuel mixture (i.e. the first and the second fluid) is injectable into the burning chamber 140.

(13) For example, the main fuel 107 may be a lean fuel/air mixture and the first/second fluid mixture streaming out of the lattice structure may be a rich fuel/air mixture. In other words, the mixture of first/second fluid mixture may be a rich fuel mixture which forms a stable pilot flame. Hence, the mixture of first/second fluid is a so called pilot fuel mixture.

(14) The burner surface 104 is in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1 a radially inner surface of the tubular burner end element 100. The burner surface 104 has a normal which is not perpendicular with the axial direction 131. In other words, the normal of the burner surface may be non-parallel with the radial direction 132. Hence, the burner end element 100 has a conical shape due to a tapering run or shape of the burner surface 104. The conical section of the burner end element 100 tapers along the axial direction 131 to the tip end (i.e. the free end) of the burner end element 100.

(15) The burner end element 100 comprises the lattice structure 103 with a plurality of interconnected pores. The lattice structure 103 and the further lattice structure 105 as described below comprise a plurality of interconnected pores which means that the pores are in fluid connection such that the first and/or second fluid stream from a first end of the lattice structure 103, 105, for example from the first plenum chamber 101, to another desired end of the lattice structure 103, 105, such as the burner surface 104 of the burner end element 100.

(16) The second supply channel 102 has a second opening in the axial end face 123, wherein the burner end element 100 comprises a second plenum chamber 102 which is coupled to the second opening of the second supply channel 122, such that a second fluid (such as fuel) is feedable from the second supply channel 122 to the second plenum chamber 102. The second plenum chamber 102 is coupled to the lattice structure 103 for feeding the second fluid into the lattice structure 103, such that the first fluid and the second fluid are mixed together within the lattice structure 103.

(17) Hence, the first fluid flows from the first plenum chamber 101 into the lattice structure 103 and the second fluid flows from the second plenum chamber 102 into the same lattice structure 103. The first fluid and the second fluid are mixed within the lattice structure 103 such that a mixture of the first fluid and the second fluid is injectable from the lattice structure 103 through the burner surface 104 into the burning chamber.

(18) By mixing the first fluid and the second fuel within the lattice structure 103, proper mixing characteristics and in particular a homogeneous mixture of the first fluid and the second fluid is achieved.

(19) The burner end element 100 further comprises the further lattice structure 105 with a plurality of further interconnected pores. The further lattice structure 105 is formed spaced apart from the lattice structure 103, wherein the first plenum chamber 101 is coupled to the further lattice structure 105 for feeding the first fluid into the further lattice structure 105. The further lattice structure 105 forms a further part of the burner surface 104, which further part is spaced apart from the part of the burner surface 104 where the lattice structure 103 ejects the first/second fuel mixture within the burning chamber 140, such that a further fluid connection between the burning chamber 140 and the further lattice structure 105 is formed.

(20) For example, the first fluid may be used as a cooling fluid, such as air, wherein the first fluid is fed in the lattice structure 103 for being mixed with the second fluid (such as fuel) and additionally in the further lattice structure 105 for being used as a cooling fluid. The further lattice structure comprises an outlet section at the burner surface 104 spaced apart from an outlet section of the lattice structure 103 at the burner surface 104.

(21) Specifically, the outlet section of the further lattice structure 105 may be formed at the hottest regions of the burner surface 104, such that the first fluid streaming out of the further lattice structure 105 may cool the respective hot sections of the burner surface 104. Specifically, the first fluid streaming out of the further lattice structure 105 may form a film cooling 106 along the burner surface 104.

(22) FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the burner device shown in FIG. 1.

(23) In FIG. 2 it is shown, that the burner body 120 further comprises a plurality of first supply channels 121, 121, wherein each of which has a respective further first opening in the axial end face 123. The burner body 120 further comprises a plurality of second supply channels 122, 122 each of which has a respective further second opening in the axial end face 123.

(24) The burner end element 100 comprises a plurality of first plenum chambers 101, 101, wherein each of the first plenum chambers 101, 101 is coupled to a respective one of the first openings of the respective first supply channels 121, 121, such that the first fluid is feedable from the first supply channel 121, 121 to the respective first plenum chamber 101, 101.

(25) The burner end element 100 comprises a plurality of second plenum chambers 102, 102, wherein each of the second plenum chambers 102, 102 is coupled to a respective one of the second openings of the respective second supply channels 122, 122, such that the second fluid is feedable from the second supply channels 122, 122 to the respective second plenum chamber 102, 102.

(26) The plurality of first plenum chambers 101, 101 and the plurality of second plenum chambers 102, 102 are coupled to the lattice structure 103 for feeding the first fluid and the second fluid into the lattice structure 103, such that the first fluid and the second fluid is mixed together within the lattice structure 103.

(27) The plurality of first plenum chambers 101, 101 and the plurality of second plenum chambers 102, 102 are formed along the circumferential direction 233 in an alternating manner. Accordingly, the first supply channels 121, 121 and the second supply channels 122, 122 are formed along the circumferential direction 233 in alternating manner.

(28) The lattice structure 103 further comprises a baffle plate 201 which is arranged within the lattice structure 103 (and/or the further lattice structure 105) such that the first fluid and/or the second fluid is streamable against the baffle plate 201 for controlling a flow characteristic of the first fluid.

(29) The baffle plate 201 may be a curved or straight flat plate element which is incorporated into the lattice structures 103, 105 such that fluid, i.e. the first fluid and/or the second fluid, streams along in order to guide the respective fluid to a desired location. Specifically, the baffle plate 201 is formed for guiding the respective fluids along the circumferential direction such that the respective fluids are mixed with fluids streaming from the adjacent plenum chambers 101, 101, 102, 102 into the lattice structure 103. Hence, the baffle plates 201 help to achieve a homogeneous mixing of the fluids being injected from the respective adjacent plenum chambers 101, 101, 102, 102 into the lattice structure 103.

(30) It should be noted that the term comprising does not exclude other elements or steps and a or an does not exclude a plurality. Also elements described in association with different embodiments may be combined. It should also be noted that reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.