Method and apparatus for filling packs with products

Abstract

A method for filling packs with products, in particular for filling boxes with multipacks of cigarette packs in which several products are put together to form a product group. The completeness of the product group is detected by a first control device. Several product groups are put together by a handling device to form a group of product groups and are inserted into the pack, wherein the presence of the group in the pack and/or the completeness of the group of product groups is detected by a second control device. The feeding of groups to the pack is repeated where necessary until a provided number of groups have been filled into the pack, which corresponds to a required quantity of groups or product groups in the pack, and the presence of the groups in the pack is detected or documented by a control device, in particular the second control device.

Claims

1. A method for filling a pack with products, the method comprising: a) putting together several products to form a product group and detecting the completeness of the product group by a first control device; b) putting together several product groups by means of a handling device to form a group of product groups that is inserted into the pack, and detecting the presence of the group of product groups in the pack and/or the completeness of the group of product groups by means of a second control device; c) repeating the inserting of the group of product groups into the pack as necessary until a provided number of groups of product groups have been inserted into the pack which corresponds to a required quantity of the groups of product groups or of the product groups in the pack, and detecting or documenting the presence of each group of product groups or of each product group in the pack in each case by means of the second control device; and d) testing the completeness of each group of product groups or of each product group in a region of the handling device, wherein the presence of individual products inside the group of product groups or the product group is tested by both pneumatically operating means and by mechanically operating means.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pneumatically operating means and the mechanically operating means are associated with the handling device, wherein for testing for the presence of each product inside the product group in a pneumatic manner, said product is acted upon with a negative pressure by means of a negative pressure source, wherein the negative pressure is exerted onto the products in each case through a porous material by a suction element.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second control device is positioned in a region of a conveying path of the group of product groups into the pack and once the group of product groups has been inserted into the pack, the second control device detects said group of product groups, wherein the second control device is arranged in a region of a conveying track for the products and, after the group of product groups has been conveyed into the pack, is moved out of a waiting position and into a detecting position for detecting the group of product groups in the pack, and wherein the second control device is then moved back into the waiting position for feeding a further group of product groups into the pack.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second control device is associated with the handling device, in a region of an arm of a robot for displacing the group of product groups into the pack, wherein the group of product groups inserted into the pack is detected when the handling device is withdrawn from the pack.

5. An apparatus for filling a pack with products, the apparatus comprising: a) a first control device for detecting the completeness of a product group comprising several products; b) a handling device for putting together several product groups to form a group of product groups and for inserting the group of product groups into the pack; and c) a second control device for detecting the presence of the group of product groups in the pack and/or the completeness of the group of product groups, wherein the first control device is associated with the handling device, and wherein the handling device comprises both pneumatically operating means and mechanically operating means for testing the completeness of the group of product groups.

6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the handling device is a robot, wherein the robot comprises a head for handling the product groups or the group of product groups and the pneumatically operating means and the mechanically operating means are associated with the head.

7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the pneumatically operating means is realized for transferring a negative pressure to the product groups, wherein the negative pressure is exertable onto the product groups through a porous material by a suction element which is arranged in a region of the head.

8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the head is arranged on an arm of the robot, and wherein the second control device is arranged on the arm in such a manner that each product group or each group of product groups is detectable through a recess in the head.

9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the group of product groups rests on a conveying track and is displaceable along said conveying track by the handling device into the pack, wherein the second control device is arranged in a region of the conveying track in such a manner that the second control device, once the group of product groups has been conveyed into the pack, is movable from a waiting position to a detecting position for detecting the group of product groups in the pack, and wherein the second control device is then movable back into the waiting position for feeding a further group of product groups into the pack.

10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the second control device is arranged outside a conveying path of the group of product groups into the pack, in a fixed position below a conveying track on which the group of products groups rests, and wherein the group of product groups is detectable in the pack by means of a reflector which is also arranged in a fixed position outside the conveying path of the group of product groups into the pack.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) Further details and preferred developments of the apparatus according to the invention can be found in the appended claims and the detailed description of preferred embodiments. Reference is made is this connection to the accompanying drawings, in which:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a top view of a packing facility for multipacks made up of cigarette packs,

(3) FIG. 2 shows a vertical section through the apparatus along the line of intersection II-II in FIG. 1,

(4) FIG. 3 shows a vertical section through the apparatus along the line of intersection III-III in FIG. 2,

(5) FIGS. 4 to 6 show a detail of the apparatus in the region IV in FIG. 3 during various stages of the packing operation,

(6) FIG. 7 shows an alternative solution to the representation in FIGS. 4 to 6,

(7) FIG. 8 shows a further alternative solution to the representation according to FIGS. 4 to 7,

(8) FIG. 9 shows a side view of the apparatus corresponding to the arrow IX in FIG. 3,

(9) FIG. 10 shows a vertical section through the apparatus along the line of intersection X-X in FIG. 9,

(10) FIG. 11 shows a control member of the apparatus,

(11) FIG. 12 shows a horizontal section through the apparatus along the line of intersection XII-XII in FIG. 10,

(12) FIG. 13 shows a vertical section through the apparatus when detecting product groups,

(13) FIG. 14 shows a side view of the apparatus corresponding to the arrow XIV in FIG. 13 and

(14) FIG. 15 shows a section through the apparatus along the line of intersection XV-XV in FIG. 14.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(15) The invention is described below by way of an apparatus for packing products 10 into a pack 11. The example shown is an apparatus for packing cigarette cartons 12 into a box 13. However, as it does not forcibly have to be cigarette cartons 12 that are packed into a box 13, only the term product 10 or pack 11 will be used below.

(16) The products 10 are supplied on a conveyor 14 in a first conveying direction according to arrow 15 to a grouping station 16 and there are put together to form a product group 17 made up of products 10.

(17) In addition, a handling device 18, in particular in the form of a robot 19, is provided in the grouping station 16. The handling device 18 serves for testing the completeness of the product group 17.

(18) A stack 20 made up of a group 21 of product groups 17 is then formed from several product groups 17 and is preferably transferred transversely with respect to the first conveying direction according to arrow 15 into the pack 11.

(19) Blanks 22 for the pack 11 are held ready in a hopper 23 and are removed in a second conveying direction according to arrow 24 and erected. In a filling station 25, the packs 11 are then held ready for the insertion of one or several groups 21 made up of product groups 17, for example as a box open at one side, fold tabs 26 being held open by means of members 27 of an inserting device 28 in order to be able to insert the products 10 into the pack 11.

(20) Once the pack 11 has been filled, it is conveyed in the direction of arrow 24 into the region of a closing station 29 and is closed.

(21) Further details of the handing of the packs 11 are also to be found in DE 10 2004 009 584 A1, to which reference is made for the purposes of a complete disclosure.

(22) A first characteristic consists in that the handling device 18 or the robot 19 comprises an arm 30 with a head 31, the head 31 preferably being arranged on the end of the arm 30. The arm 30 is preferably realized with multiple members, the individual members being pivotably connected together and the head 31 also being arranged so as to be pivotable on the arm 30 such that the head 31 is able to be moved and also rotated in all directions for handling the products 10.

(23) The handling device 18 has a (first) control device 32 for testing the completeness of the product group 17 that is formed on the conveyor 14. In the present case, the control device 32 is associated with the head 31 of the robot 19 or is arranged in said head. However, it is also conceivable for the control device 32 not to be associated with the handling device 18 or the robot 19, but with other members of the apparatus.

(24) The details of the control device are produced from FIGS. 9 to 15:

(25) the forming of the product group 17 on the conveyor 14 is effected in the exemplary embodiment shown by accumulating the products 10 behind a stop 33 in the region of the conveyor 14. In the present case the product group 17 consists of five cigarette cartons 12. A different configuration of the product group 17 is naturally also conceivable. In the present case, the cigarette cartons 12 consist of cigarette packs which are arranged in two rows each of five packs (FIG. 11). Other configurations are conceivable here too.

(26) The first control device 32 serves for testing the completeness of the product group 17 and has both mechanically operating means and pneumatically operating means. In the present case, both a mechanical means and a pneumatic means are associated with each product 10 inside the product group 17. Where applicable, it is also possible to provide more than one pneumatic means and/or mechanical means per product 10. Where applicable, it is also conceivable for several products 10 to be tested at the same time with a smaller number of means.

(27) The head 31 extends over a large part of the product group 17 (FIG. 12) and has a central base plate 34 and lateral cheeks 35 in the region of the longitudinal sides of the base plate 34. The dimensions of the head 31 and consequently of the base plate 34 as well as of the cheeks 35 is format-dependent, i.e. dependent on the dimensions of the respective product group 17. Consequently, the head 31 can be removed from the arm 30 in order to adapt the apparatus to other formats.

(28) Negative pressure channels 36, which communicate with a negative pressure source (not shown) by means of pneumatic lines 37, are realized in the base plate 31. The negative pressure channels 36 open out with preferably several branch channels 38 in the region of a bottom surface of the base plate 34 and serve for sucking in the product group 17 or the individual products 10 of the product group 17.

(29) It is preferably provided that each product 10 is acted upon with a negative pressure inside the product group 17 by means of several branch channels 38 and is held in this way at the head 31.

(30) Sensors (not shown) are used to test whether the negative pressure is present in the region of all the products 10 of the product group 17. If one or more products 10 are missing, this can be detected in a corresponding manner.

(31) Consequently, together with the branch channels 38, the sensors form the pneumatically operating means of the control device 32.

(32) A further characteristic consists in that the products 10 are not acted upon with a negative pressure directly through the branch channels 38, but through one or several porous suction elements 39. In this way, the negative pressure is distributed onto a larger surface, which results in handling that is more protective of the product.

(33) In the exemplary embodiment shown, the suction elements 39 are in each case elongated structures which are arranged in such a manner below the base plate 34 that they are arranged approximately in the center (lengthwise) and in the center (crosswise) of the respective products 10 (FIG. 14). The suction elements 39 are surrounded in each case by one or several elastic sealing bodies 40. In the present case, this is a one-part sealing body 40 which extends almost over the entire bottom surface of the base plate 34 and comprises recesses for the respective suction elements 39.

(34) A further advantageous detail is shown in FIG. 15. Thus, reinforcement elements 41 are arranged in the sealing body 40 at small lateral spacings to the suction element 39. The reinforcement elements 41 serve for reinforcing the sealing body 40 in the region of the suction elements 39 and, proceeding from an upper surface of the sealing body 40, extend up to approximately beyond half the height of the sealing body 40 in the direction of a bottom surface of the sealing body 40. The reinforcing element 41 can be, for example, one or several web plates or the like. The web plates can surround the suction elements 39 or can be arranged only in regions, for example in the region of the longitudinal sides.

(35) In addition, FIG. 15 shows that the cheeks 35 are adjustable with regard to their position on the base plate 34, namely with regard to the height. For this purpose, at spacings the cheeks 35 comprise elongated holes 42 through which the fastening means 43 engage in the base plate 34.

(36) The mechanically operating means of the control device 32 are described below:

(37) Plungers 44 which are pre-tensioned by means of a spring 45 and which press from above onto the products 10, are arranged in each case in the base plate 34. The force of the spring 45, in this case, is in each case less than the holding force which is exerted on the products 10 by means of negative pressure.

(38) If a product 10 is missing (as indicated in FIG. 9), the plunger 44 can be pressed downward by the spring 45, as a result of which a sensor 46 is closed and consequently the lack of a product 10 is recognized (FIG. 11). Where the product 10 is present, the plunger 44 is situated, in contrast, in a top position, as a result of which a further sensor 47 is actuated. Whether the plunger 44 operates correctly and has not jammed can be tested in this way.

(39) As shown in particular in FIGS. 12 and 14, each product 10 has associated therewith an own plunger 44.

(40) In the present exemplary embodiment, the plunger 44 is realized in the manner of a valve and comprises a central shaft 48 which is guided through a bore 49 of the base plate 34 and on the bottom of which a disk 50 is arranged.

(41) The spring 45 is supported on the rear side of the disk 50 and on the bottom surface of the base plate 34.

(42) A crosswise actuating means 51, which projects laterally into the region of the sensors 46, 47, which are realized as photoelectric barriers in the present case, is provided in the region of the top end of the shaft 48.

(43) In addition, the crosswise actuating means 51 also serves for aligning the plungers 44. For this purpose, the actuating means 51 is held in a guide 52 in order to avoid the plunger 44 twisting.

(44) The photoelectric barrier is realized in the present case as a reflex photoelectric barrier which interacts with a reflector surface 54 (FIG. 12).

(45) In addition, ejectors 55 for generating the vacuum or negative pressure are also shown in FIG. 12.

(46) A further characteristic with regard to a (second) control device 56 is described below by way of FIGS. 4 to 8 and 13:

(47) FIGS. 4 to 6 show a first variant of the use of the second control device 56. Thus, the product groups 17 are lifted from the conveyor 14 by means of the handling device 18 and are put together to form a stack 20 or a group 21 of product groups 17 (FIG. 4).

(48) Once the group 21 has been completed, it is pushed by means of the handling device 18 along a conveying track 57 through the inserting device 28 into the open pack 11.

(49) The displacement of the group 21 is preferably effected by the head 31 of the robot 19 which displaces the group 21 to the side. The displacement, in this case, is effected transversely with respect to the conveying direction on the conveyor 14 corresponding to arrow 58.

(50) To insert the group 21 into the pack 11, the inserting device 28 is inserted in part into the open pack 11 such that fold tabs 26 of the pack 11 are held open, the inserting device 28 also bridging the spacing between an end of the conveying wall 27 and the pack 11.

(51) Once the group 21 has been inserted into the pack 11, the handling device 18 is withdrawn from the conveying path of the groups 21 such that the contents of the pack 11 are able to be detected. For this purpose, the second control device 56, for example in the form of a camera, is moved out of a waiting position below the conveying track 57 (FIGS. 4 and 5) into a detecting position above the conveying track (FIG. 6) and the contents of the pack 11 are detected, for example by taking a photo of the open pack 11. The control device 56 is then moved back into the initial position, namely into the waiting position.

(52) FIG. 7 shows an alternative solution where the second control device 56 is arranged in a fixed position below the conveying track 57. The contents of the pack 11 are detected through a recess in the conveying track 57 above the control device 56 (which, where applicable, can be filled with a glass screen) by means of a reflector 59, for example a mirror, which is arranged above the conveying track 57.

(53) A third variant is shown in FIGS. 8 and 13. In this case, the control device 56, for example a camera, is arranged on the arm 30 of the handling device 18, namely in the region of the head 31. The detecting of the contents of the pack 11 is effected in this case through a recess 60 in the base plate 34 and in the sealing body 40, preferably when the arm 30 is withdrawn from the pack 11 (FIG. 8).

(54) By means of the two control devices 32, 56, the packing process can be completely monitored, namely proceeding from the forming of the product groups 17 up to the insertion of the groups 21 made up of product groups 17 into the pack 11. If several groups 21 are to be inserted into the pack 11, the process of forming the group 21 and displacing with subsequent detection is repeated until the required quantity of products 10 is situated in the pack 11. In this way, it is possible to provide proof in relation to a customer that the pack 11 has been properly filled with products 10. In addition, said solution enables in particular the proof that each group 21 has been properly and completely filled into the pack 11. Consequently, the proof that only correct products 10 are situated inside a larger pack 11 can also be provided. The solution according to the invention consequently enables seamless proof even when the groups 21 that are filled one after another are obscured in part or completely.

(55) In addition, in the course of a track and trace system it can be ensured that the camera images taken are associated with the products 10 or the pack 11.

(56) In addition, it can be ensured in a suitable manner that once the pack contents have been photographed, it is no longer possible to interfere in the packing process and where applicable to remove products 10. If this is done, for example to eliminate a fault, the pack 11 is correspondingly marked and can then, if necessary, no longer be available for the further packing process.

(57) It is obvious that it can naturally be sufficient in individual cases to provide only one of the two control devices 32, 56.

(58) In addition, it is conceivable for the second control device 56 to be used for the purpose of detecting both the product groups 17 and the groups 21. Consequently, it could be possible to dispense with the first control device 32. The second control device 56 could be arranged in the head 31, as shown, and detect the product group 17 for example on the conveyor 14.

(59) Over and above this, it is not absolutely necessary for several groups 21 to be inserted into the pack 11. The pack contents can also consist of only one group 21.

(60) In addition, cases are also imaginable where it is possible to dispense with forming product groups 17 and the products 10 are thus conveyed into the pack 11 directly or once a stack 20 is formed.

(61) Obviously, the products 10 do not have to be cigarette cartons 12 or multipacks. Cigarette packs or other objects are also possible as products 10.

LIST OF REFERENCES

(62) 10 Product 11 Pack 12 Cigarette carton 13 Box 14 Conveyor 15 Arrow 16 Grouping station 17 Product group 18 Handling device 19 Robot 20 Stack 21 Group 22 Blanks 23 Hopper 24 Arrow 25 Filling station 26 Fold tab 27 Member 28 Inserting device 29 Closing station 30 Arm 31 Head 32 Control device 33 Stop 34 Base plate 35 Cheek 36 Negative pressure channel 37 Pneumatic feed line 38 Branch channel 39 Suction element 40 Sealing body 41 Reinforcing element 42 Elongated hole 43 Fastening means 44 Plunger 45 Spring 46 Sensor 47 Sensor 48 Shaft 49 Bore 50 Disk 51 Actuating means 52 Guide 53 Reflex photoelectric barrier 54 Reflector surface 55 Ejector 56 Control device 57 Conveying track 58 Arrow 59 Reflector 60 Recess