Self-propelled construction machine

Abstract

In a self-propelled construction machine (1), in particular slipform paving machine, comprising a machine frame (2), at least three travelling devices (14), wherein the travelling devices (14) are each connected to the machine frame (2) by means of lifting columns (12), wherein at least two of the at least three travelling devices (14) are steerable by means of one each steering drive (6), wherein the respective steering drive (6) comprises at least one first part (10), which is connected to the respective travelling device (14), and one second part (16), which is connected to the respective lifting column (12),
it is provided that the steering drive (6) comprises at least one first toothed rack (22), wherein the first toothed rack is movable by means of at least one first linear drive means (26), wherein teeth of the at least one toothed rack engage with teeth of at least one toothed wheel (17), and the toothed wheel is thus rotatable by means of the movement of the toothed rack.

Claims

1-16. (canceled)

17. A self-propelled construction machine, comprising: a machine frame; at least three ground engaging units for supporting the machine frame from a ground surface; at least three lifting columns, each lifting column connecting an associated one of the ground engaging units to the machine frame; and at least one steering drive configured to steer at least one of the ground engaging units, the steering drive including a first part connected to the ground engaging unit and a second part connected to the associated lifting column, the steering drive further including: at least one toothed wheel; at least one first toothed rack including teeth engaged with teeth of the toothed wheel; and at least one first linear drive configured to move the first toothed rack to rotate the toothed wheel.

18. The self-propelled construction machine of claim 17, wherein: the first linear drive is a hydraulic or pneumatic drive including at least one first working chamber fillable with hydraulic or pneumatic medium.

19. The self-propelled construction machine of claim 18, wherein: the first linear drive includes a piston movable in the first working chamber, the piston being connected to the first toothed rack.

20. The self-propelled construction machine of claim 17, wherein: the first part of the steering drive includes the first linear drive and the toothed rack, and the second part of the steering drive includes the toothed wheel; or the first part of the steering drive includes the toothed wheel, and the second part of the steering drive includes the first linear drive and the toothed rack.

21. The self-propelled construction machine of claim 17, wherein: the first toothed rack is movable by the first linear drive in a first direction of movement and in a second direction of movement opposite to the first direction of movement.

22. The self-propelled construction machine of claim 17, wherein: the first linear drive is a hydraulic or pneumatic drive including at least one first working chamber fillable with hydraulic or pneumatic medium and at least one second working chamber fillable with hydraulic or pneumatic medium.

23. The self-propelled construction machine of claim 22, wherein: the first and second working chambers are arranged in two separate cylinders.

24. The self-propelled construction machine of claim 23, wherein: the first linear drive includes a first piston movable in the first working chamber and a second piston movable in the second working chamber, the first and second pistons being connected to the first toothed rack.

25. The self-propelled construction machine of claim 24, wherein: the first and second pistons are integrally connected to the first toothed rack.

26. The self-propelled construction machine of claim 22, wherein: the first and second working chambers are arranged in a single cylinder and are operable as a double-acting hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder.

27. The self-propelled construction machine of claim 17, wherein the steering drive further includes: at least one second toothed rack including teeth engaged with teeth of the toothed wheel; and at least one second linear drive configured to move the second toothed rack to rotate the toothed wheel.

28. The self-propelled construction machine of claim 27, wherein: the first and second toothed racks are arranged parallel to one another on opposite sides of the toothed wheel, and the teeth of the first and second toothed racks face each other.

29. The self-propelled construction machine of claim 27, wherein: the first and second linear drives are each a hydraulic or pneumatic drive including at least one working chamber fillable with hydraulic or pneumatic medium.

30. The self-propelled construction machine of claim 29, wherein: the first and second linear drives each include a further working chamber fillable with hydraulic or pneumatic medium.

31. The self-propelled construction machine of claim 30, wherein: the working chambers of each of the first and second linear drives are arranged in two separate cylinders.

32. The self-propelled construction machine of claim 30, wherein: the working chambers of each of the first and second linear drives are arranged in a single cylinder operable as a double-acting hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder.

33. The self-propelled construction machine of claim 17, further comprising: at least one sensor arranged on the first linear drive and configured to sense a current steering angle and/or a current steering speed of the ground engaging unit connected to the steering drive.

34. The self-propelled construction machine of claim 33, wherein: the sensor is a displacement sensor configured to detect movement of the first linear drive.

35. A self-propelled construction machine, comprising: a machine frame; first, second and third ground engaging units for supporting the machine frame from a ground surface; first, second and third lifting columns connecting the machine frame to the first, second and third ground engaging units, respectively; and a steering drive configured to steer the first ground engaging unit, the steering drive including: a toothed wheel connected to one of the first ground engaging unit and the first lifting column; a toothed rack including teeth engaged with teeth of the toothed wheel, the toothed rack being connected to the other of the first ground engaging unit and the first lifting column; and a linear drive configured to move the toothed rack to rotate the toothed wheel.

36. The self-propelled construction machine of claim 35, wherein: the linear drive includes a hydraulic cylinder including an integrated displacement sensor.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] In the following, one embodiment of the invention is explained in greater detail with reference to the drawings.

[0064] The following is shown schematically:

[0065] FIG. 1 a self-propelled construction machine,

[0066] FIG. 2 a first view of the steering drive,

[0067] FIG. 3 a further view of the steering drive,

[0068] FIG. 4 a hydraulic diagram of the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3,

[0069] FIG. 5 a double-acting hydraulic cylinder,

[0070] FIG. 6 a side view of the steering drive when installed,

[0071] FIG. 7 shows a further hydraulic diagram of an embodiment,

[0072] FIG. 8 shows a further hydraulic diagram of an embodiment,

[0073] FIG. 9 shows a further hydraulic diagram of an embodiment,

[0074] FIG. 10 shows a self-propelled construction machine 1 comprising 4 travelling devices.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] FIG. 1 shows a self-propelled construction machine 1. In the embodiment depicted, the self-propelled construction machine 1 is a slipform paving machine. The construction machine 1 depicted comprises a machine frame 2 and at least three travelling devices 14. The travelling devices 14 may also be referred to as ground engaging units 14. The ground engaging units 14 may be crawler tracks or wheels. The construction machine 1 depicted comprises four travelling devices 14, one of which is not visible in FIG. 1, however, due to the perspective.

[0076] The machine frame 2 comprises longitudinal members 8 extending parallel to the direction of operation A, and transverse members 18 extending transverse to the direction of operation A. The transverse members 18 may be telescopable as shown in the embodiment depicted. The telescopable transverse members 18 extending transverse to the direction of operation A may adjust the working width of the construction machine 1 designed as a slipform paving machine. The transverse members 18 may be mounted on a basic frame 20.

[0077] At the front and rear ends of the longitudinal members 8, travelling devices 14 may each be connected to the machine frame 2 by means of lifting columns 12, and a mold device 28 may furthermore be arranged underneath the basic frame 20.

[0078] The self-propelled construction machine 1 does not have to take the form of a slipform paving machine, however, but may also take the form of a road milling machine or surface mining machine, or stabilizing machine or recycling machine. It is only necessary for steering drives for the travelling devices 14 to be provided in each case.

[0079] In the embodiment depicted, at least two travelling devices 14 may be steerable by means of one each steering drive 6, wherein the respective steering drive 6 comprises at least one first part 10, which is connected to the respective travelling device 14, and one second part 16, which is connected to the respective lifting column 12.

[0080] FIGS. 2 and 3 show a steering drive 6. The steering drive 6 comprises a first part 10, which is connected to the respective travelling device 14, and a second part 16, which is connected to the respective lifting column 12.

[0081] The steering drive 6 comprises at least one first toothed rack 22, which is movable by means of at least one first linear drive means 26. The first linear drive means 26 may also be referred to as a first linear drive 26. The teeth of the at least one toothed rack 22 engage with teeth of at least one toothed wheel 17, so that the toothed wheel 17 is rotatable by means of the movement of the toothed rack 22.

[0082] The toothed wheel 17 may therefore be rotated, and the travelling device 14 rotated or steered, respectively, relative to the lifting column 12 by moving the toothed rack 22 by means of the at least one first linear drive means 26. The rotation of the toothed wheel 17 is a relative rotation relative to the first part 10 and the respective travelling device 14. In the embodiment, the travelling device 14 rotates relative to the toothed wheel 17, and therefore relative to the respective lifting column 12.

[0083] The depicted first linear drive means 26 is a first hydraulic drive means which may also be referred to as a first hydraulic drive.

[0084] The first linear drive means 26 may move the first toothed rack 22 in a first direction of movement B, and in a second direction of movement C opposite to the first.

[0085] Alternatively, the first linear drive means 26 could also be a pneumatic or also an electric drive means, which may also be referred to as a pneumatic drive or an electric drive.

[0086] The at least one first hydraulic drive means 26 comprises at least one first working chamber 32 fillable with hydraulic medium. A piston element 34 is arranged in the first working chamber 32, which is connected to the first toothed rack 22 and is movable in the working chamber 32. The piston element 34 is moved, and thus the first toothed rack 22 is moved in the first direction of movement B, by means of introducing the hydraulic medium into the working chamber 32. The first hydraulic drive means 26 furthermore comprises a second hydraulic working chamber 36. A movable second piston element 38 is likewise arranged in the second working chamber 36, which is connected to the other end of the toothed rack 22. The piston element 38 may also be moved, and thus the toothed rack 22 be moved in the second direction of movement C, by means of filling a hydraulic working medium into the second working chamber.

[0087] In the embodiment depicted, the first and second working chambers 32, 36 are arranged in two separate cylinders 61, 62.

[0088] In the present embodiment, a second linear drive means 40 is provided in addition to the first linear drive means 26.

[0089] In the present case, said second linear drive means 40 is likewise a second hydraulic drive means, which may move a second toothed rack 24. The second toothed rack 24 is preferably arranged parallel to the first toothed rack 22, and the second toothed rack 24 likewise engages with the toothed wheel 17. In the embodiment depicted, the second toothed rack 24 is arranged on the opposite side, and the teeth of the first toothed rack 22 and the second toothed rack 24 are preferably facing each other.

[0090] Alternatively, a further toothed wheel could also be provided, which is arranged parallel to the first toothed wheel 17 and is connected to the axis of rotation. In this case, the teeth of the second toothed rack could engage with the second toothed wheel, and the second toothed rack could also be arranged on the same side as the first toothed rack.

[0091] The second hydraulic drive means 40 comprises a third working chamber 42 and a fourth working chamber 44. A piston element 46 is arranged in the third working chamber 42, which is connected to a first end of the second toothed rack 24. A piston element 48 is arranged in the fourth working chamber 44, which is connected to the second end of the second toothed rack 24. The second toothed rack 24 may be moved in a first direction of movement B, or in a second direction of movement C opposite to the first, by means of filling a hydraulic medium into the third chamber 42 or the fourth chamber 44.

[0092] In the embodiment depicted, the third and fourth working chambers 42, 44 are arranged in two separate cylinders 63, 64.

[0093] FIG. 3 shows the toothed wheel 17 and the engagement of the first and second toothed racks 22, 24 with the toothed wheel.

[0094] The toothed wheel 17 may be rotated in the first direction of rotation D by moving the first toothed rack 22 in the first direction of movement B. The toothed wheel 17 may be rotated in the second direction of rotation E opposite to the first direction of rotation D by moving the first toothed rack 22 in the second direction of movement C.

[0095] The toothed wheel 17 may be rotated in the second direction of rotation E by moving the second toothed rack 24 in the first direction of movement B. The toothed wheel 17 may be rotated in the first direction of rotation D by moving the second toothed rack 24 in the second direction of movement C.

[0096] FIG. 4 shows a hydraulic diagram of the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3. It is apparent that the hydraulic drive means is introduced either into the first and fourth working chambers, or into the second and third working chambers.

[0097] Alternatively, the first hydraulic drive means and/or the second hydraulic drive means may also be built in such a fashion that the first and the second working chambers or also the third and fourth working chambers are each arranged in a single cylinder. In this case, the first and/or second hydraulic drive means would each operate as double-acting hydraulic cylinders.

[0098] A respective schematic double-acting hydraulic cylinder 65 is shown in FIG. 5. In this case, the piston rod is connected either to the first toothed rack 22 or to the second toothed rack 24. This is only a purely schematic illustration. The respective toothed rack 22 or 24, respectively, would then engage with the toothed wheel 17 accordingly, as shown in FIG. 2 or 3. The piston rod 22, 24 is moved in the first direction of movement B by filling a first chamber 166 of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder with hydraulic medium; the piston rod is moved in the second direction of movement C by filling the second chamber 168 of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder.

[0099] FIG. 6 illustrates once again how the steering drive 6, with the second part 16, is connected to the lifting column 12.

[0100] However, a spacing is shown in FIG. 6 between the second part 16 and the lifting column 12. This has only been included for the purpose of clarity. There would be no spacing in the actual embodiment, of course, and the second part 16 would be directly connected to the lifting column 12. The first part 10 is connected to the travelling device 14. The steering drive 6 could also be installed and fastened in exactly the opposite fashion, however, so that the first part of the steering drive, which is connected to the respective travelling device, comprises the at least one toothed wheel 17, and the second part 16 of the steering drive 6, which is connected to the respective lifting column 12, comprises the at least one first linear drive means 26 and the at least one first toothed rack 22, and, if in place, also the second drive means 40 and the second toothed rack 24.

[0101] FIG. 7 shows a further hydraulic diagram. This is different from the one according to FIG. 4 in that pressure relief valves 80 are provided as overload protection. If there is an excessive increase in pressure because, for example, a travelling device drives up sideways against a curb.

[0102] FIG. 8 shows a further hydraulic diagram. This is different from the one according to FIG. 4 in that pressure reducing valves 82 are provided. Pressure reducing valves are electrically proportionally adjustable. The pressure reducing valves 82 allow a difference in pressure between the two sides to be adjusted by means of different control on the two sides. It may thus be accomplished that the force applied by the first toothed rack 22 to the toothed wheel 17 engaged with the first toothed rack 22 is in opposition to the force that is applied to the toothed wheel 17 by the second toothed rack 24. Consequently, the toothed wheel 17 of the steering drive is locked in place by means of opposite movements, thus ensuring the freedom from play in the steering drive.

[0103] However, in the present embodiment, the steering movement is essentially controlled by the directional control valve 84.

[0104] The pressure reducing valves 82 may furthermore also serve as pressure relief valves and allow an evasive action in the case of a maximum force being exceeded, similar to the pressure relief valves 80 according to FIG. 7.

[0105] FIG. 9 shows an embodiment that is similar to the one according to FIG. 8 but is different in that no directional control valve 84 is provided. In this case, the steering movement is also controlled by means of the pressure reducing valves 82.

[0106] FIG. 10 shows a self-propelled construction machine 1, which comprises 4 travelling devices 14 and a control device 70 for controlling the respective steering drives 6 of the travelling devices 14.

[0107] Different steering modes may be adjustable in the control device 70. The steering drives 6 may be controllable as a function of the different steering modes. In the different steering modes, the steering drives 6 may preferably be steerable in a mutually coordinated manner.

[0108] The following steering modes may be adjustable, for example, in the control device 70: [0109] a. “front-wheel steering” steering mode, wherein the two front travelling devices 14 may be coordinated similar to a front-wheel steering system of a passenger vehicle; [0110] b. “four-wheel steering” steering mode, wherein all four travelling devices 14 may be coordinated in accordance with the Ackermann condition; [0111] c. “crab steering” steering mode, wherein all travelling devices 14 are adjusted to the same steering angle with the same amount in the same direction; [0112] d. “transport travel” steering mode, in which all travelling devices 14 are adjusted to 90° to the direction of operation A for the purpose of transport travel in the longitudinal direction of the machine [0113] e. “swing over steering” steering mode, in which the travelling devices are steered in a coordinated manner by means of the control device 70 as described in EP 2 955 272 A1 (U.S. Pat. No. 9,388,537); [0114] f. “telescope over steering” steering mode, in which the travelling devices are steered in a coordinated manner by means of the control device 70 as described in EP 2 955 273 A1 (U.S. Pat. No. 9,388,538).

[0115] In the “swing over steering” steering mode, the travelling devices are steered in a coordinated manner by means of the control device 70 so as to make it possible that each of the swing legs 86, in response to steering the travelling devices 14 by means of the respective steering drive 6, rotates relative to the machine frame while the machine is driven across the ground surface by the travelling devices 14.

[0116] In the “telescope over steering” steering mode, a machine frame may in principle be used, which is laterally extendable. Furthermore, a frame locking device may be provided, which is designed for the selective locking and unlocking of the machine frame in such a fashion that the machine frame is not laterally extendable with the frame locking device being locked, and the machine frame is laterally extendable with the frame locking device being unlocked. In the case of an unlocked frame locking device, the travelling devices may be steered in a coordinated manner by means of the control device 70 so as to make it possible that steering of at least one of the travelling devices provides a lateral force for adjusting the width of the machine frame while the construction machine is moved across the ground surface by the travelling devices 14a, 14b with the frame locking device being unlocked.