Method for continuously casting slab

Abstract

To provide a continuous casting method according to which a slab difficult for surface cracking to appear can be manufactured, in a first water cooling step, the slab is cooled so that only a surface temperature of corner parts is below Ar.sub.3 point, in a first recuperation step, the slab is recuperated so that the surface temperature of all the slab including the corner parts is no less than the Ar.sub.3 point, in a second water cooing step, the slab is cooled so that the surface temperature of all the slab including the corner parts is below the Ar.sub.3 point, and in a second recuperation step, the slab is recuperated so that the surface temperature of only a portion of the slab other than the corner parts is no less than the Ar.sub.3 point.

Claims

1. A method for continuously casting a slab using a curved type or vertical bending type continuous casting machine, the method comprising: the step of cooling the slab just beneath a mold in a secondary cooling zone, the slab being withdrawn from the mold, the step further comprising: a first water cooling step, a first recuperation step that follows the first water cooling step, a second water cooling step that follows the first recuperation step, and a second recuperation step that follows the second water cooling step, wherein the first water cooling step is a step of cooling the slab of which a surface temperature is no less than 1000 C., by supplying cooling water to wide surfaces of the slab, including that only a surface temperature of a corner part is below Ar.sub.3 point, and a surface temperature of a portion of the slab other than the corner part is kept no less than Ar.sub.3 point, the corner part being a region within 20 mm from an apex and edges of the slab, the first recuperation step is a step of recuperating the slab including that the surface temperature of all the slab including the corner part is no less than the Ar.sub.3 point, the second water cooing step is a step of cooling the slab of which the surface temperature is the Ar.sub.3 point to 900 C., by supplying the cooling water to the wide surfaces of the slab, including that the surface temperature of all the slab including the corner part is below the Ar.sub.3 point, and the second recuperation step is a step of recuperating the slab including that the surface temperature of the corner part is kept below the Ar.sub.3 point, and the surface temperature of the portion of the slab other than the corner part is no less than the Ar.sub.3 point.

2. The method for continuously casting a slab according to claim 1, wherein flow density of the cooling water supplied to the slab in the first water cooling step is 170 to 290 L/min/m.sup.2, and time for supplying the cooling water to the slab in the first water cooling step is 0.95 to 4.0 minutes.

3. The method for continuously casting a slab according to claim 2, the method comprising at least one step selected from the group consisting of: the first recuperation step wherein time for recuperating the slab is no less than 2 minutes, and the second recuperation step wherein time for recuperating the slab is no less than 2 minutes.

4. The method for continuously casting a slab according to claim 2, wherein flow density of the cooling water supplied to the slab in the second water cooling step is 170 to 290 L/min/m.sup.2, and time for supplying the cooling water to the slab in the second water cooling step is 0.95 to 4.0 minutes.

5. The method for continuously casting a slab according to claim 4, the method comprising at least one step selected from the group consisting of: the first recuperation step wherein time for recuperating the slab is no less than 2 minutes, and the second recuperation step wherein time for recuperating the slab is no less than 2 minutes.

6. The method for continuously casting a slab according to claim 1, wherein flow density of the cooling water supplied to the slab in the second water cooling step is 170 to 290 L/min/m.sup.2, and time for supplying the cooling water to the slab in the second water cooling step is 0.95 to 4.0 minutes.

7. The method for continuously casting a slab according to claim 6, the method comprising at least one step selected from the group consisting of: the first recuperation step wherein time for recuperating the slab is no less than 2 minutes, and the second recuperation step wherein time for recuperating the slab is no less than 2 minutes.

8. The method for continuously casting a slab according to claim 1, the method comprising at least one step selected from the group consisting of: the first recuperation step wherein time for recuperating the slab is no less than 2 minutes, and the second recuperation step wherein time for recuperating the slab is no less than 2 minutes.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 depicts an example of the relationship between passing time and temperature of a surface and inside of the slab, which is water-cooled.

(2) FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the method for continuously casting a slab in the present invention.

(3) FIG. 3 depicts a region including positions where their structures were observed on a cross-section of the slab.

(4) FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a cross-section of a corner part of the slab on which the continuous casting method of the comparative example 1 was performed.

(5) FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a cross-section of the center part of the slab on which the continuous casting method of the comparative example 6 was performed.

(6) FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a cross-section of a corner part of the slab on which the continuous casting method of the comparative example 6 was performed.

(7) FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a cross-section of a corner part of the slab on which the continuous casting method of the example 1 was performed.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

(8) Hereinafter embodiments of the present invention will be described. The embodiments described below are examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. In this invention, configurations in cooling and recuperation in a secondary cooling zone where a slab withdrawn beneath a mold is cooled are specifically identified.

(9) FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the method for continuously casting a slab in the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the present invention includes a first water cooling step (S1), a first recuperation step (S2), a second water cooling step (S3), and a second recuperation step (S4). S1 to S4 are steps included in the secondary cooling zone.

(10) <First Water Cooling Step (S1)>

(11) The first water cooling step (hereinafter may be referred to as S1) is a step of cooling the slab by supplying cooling water to the wide surfaces of the slab, a surface temperature of which is 1000 C. or above, so that only the surface temperature of the corner part of the slab is below the Ar.sub.3 point, and that of the portion of the slab other than the corner part is kept the Ar.sub.3 point or above.

(12) As described above, in the present invention, the structure of the corner part of the slab and the structure of the portion other than the corner part of the slab are individually reformed. After the structure of the corner part of the slab are reformed, that of the portion other than the corner part of the slab is reformed. S1 is a step for carrying out cooling necessary for reforming only the structure of the corner part of the slab. Here, for reforming a structure in this invention, a portion desired to reform its structure has to be cooled once to temperature below the Ar.sub.3 point. Since S1 is a step for carrying out cooling necessary for reforming the structure of the corner part of the slab, a portion to be cooled to temperature below the Ar.sub.3 point in S1 is the corner part of the slab only, and the surface temperature of the portion other than the corner part of the slab is kept temperature of the Ar.sub.3 point or above. That is, in S1, the slab is cooled by supplying cooling water to the slab so that the surface temperature of the portion other than the corner part of the slab is kept the Ar.sub.3 point or above, and the surface temperature of the corner part of the slab is below the Ar.sub.3 point.

(13) While the portion other than the corner part of the slab has only one surface, the corner part of the slab has at least two surfaces. Thus, the corner part of the slab is easier to be cooled arid more difficult to be recuperated than the portion other than the corner part of the slab. Since the corner part of the slab is easier to be cooled than the portion other than the corner part of the slab, the slab can be cooled by cooling the slab using the smaller amount of cooling water than conventional amounts so that only the surface temperature of the corner part of the slab is below the Ar.sub.3 point, and the surface temperature of the portion other than the corner part of the slab is kept the Ar.sub.3 point or above.

(14) In the present invention, the configuration of S1 is not limited as long as the slab can be cooled so that only the surface temperature of the corner part of the slab is below the Ar.sub.3 point, and the surface temperature of the portion other than the corner part of the slab is kept the Ar.sub.3 point or above. Such cooling is easily performed by, for example, supplying cooling water of 170 to 290 L/min/m.sup.2 in flow density to the slab for 0.95 to 4.0 minutes. Thus, preferably, the flow density of cooling water supplied to the slab in S1 is 170 to 290 L/min/m.sup.2, and time for supplying cooling water to the slab in S1 is 0.95 to 4.0 minutes.

(15) <First Recuperation Step (S2)>

(16) The first recuperation step (hereinafter may be referred to as S2) is a step performed following S1, and a step of performing recuperation necessary to only reform the structure of the corner part of the slab. Specifically, S2 is a step of recuperating the slab so that the surface temperature of all over the slab including the corner part is the Ar.sub.3 point or above. As described above, the corner part of the slab is cooled so that its surface temperature is below the Ar.sub.3 point in S1. Thus, the structure where grain boundaries are unclear can be formed in the outer layer of the corner part of the slab by recuperating the slab in S2 so that all the surface temperature including the corner part of the slab is the Ar.sub.3 point or above. This structure has hot ductility. It is noted that in S2, even the surface temperature of the portion other than the corner part of the slab is the Ar.sub.3 point or above. However, the surface temperature of the portion other than the corner part of the slab is the Ar.sub.3 point or above in S1 already. Therefore, the structure where grain boundaries are unclear is not formed in the portion other than the corner part of the slab even S2 is performed.

(17) In the present invention, the configuration of S2 is not limited as long as the slab can be recuperated so that all the surface temperature of the slab including the corner part is the Ar.sub.3 point or above. Such recuperation is easily performed by, for example, taking the time for recuperating the slab at least 2 minutes or more, and preferably 2 to 3 minutes. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the surface temperature of the slab was recuperated to the Ar.sub.3 point or above between the time when 2 minutes have passed and the time when water cooling was stopped, and the time when 3 minutes have passed and the time when water cooling was stopped. The inventors have confirmed that it is possible to recuperate the slab to temperature of the Ar.sub.3 point or above by recuperating the slab for 2 minutes.

(18) <Second Water Cooling Step (S3)>

(19) The second water cooling step (hereinafter may be referred to as S3) is a step of cooling the slab by supplying cooling water to the wide surfaces of the slab, surface temperature of which is the Ar.sub.3 point to 900 C., so that all the surface temperature of the slab including the corner part is below the Ar.sub.3 point.

(20) S3 is a step of preforming cooling necessary to reform the structure of the potion other than the corner part of the slab. As described above, for reforming a structure in this invention, a portion desired to reform its structure has to be cooled once to temperature below the Ar.sub.3 point. In S3, the slab is cooled so that the surface temperature of the portion other than the corner part of the slab is below the Ar.sub.3 point. Here, as described above, since the corner part of the slab is easier to be cooled than the portion other than the corner part of the slab, the surface temperature of the corner part of the slab is lower than that of the portion other than the corner part of the slab. Therefore, if the slab is cooled so that the surface temperature of the portion other than the corner part of the slab is below the Ar.sub.3 point, that of the corner part of the slab is also below the Ar.sub.3 point. Thus, S3 can be expressed by a step of cooling the slab so that all the surface temperature of the slab including the corner part is below the Ar.sub.3 point.

(21) In the present invention, the configuration of S3 is not limited as long as the slab can be cooled so that all the surface temperature of the slab including the corner part is below the Ar.sub.3 point. Such cooling can be easily performed by, for example, supplying cooling water of 170 to 290 L/min/m.sup.2 in flow density to the slab for 0.95 to 4.0 minutes. Thus, preferably, the flow density of cooling water supplied to the slab in S3 is 170 to 290 L/min/m.sup.2, and time for supplying cooling water to the slab in S3 is 0.95 to 4.0 minutes. It is noted that the surface temperature of the slab cooled in S3 is lower than that cooled in S1. Therefore, it is possible to cool the portion other than the corner part and the corner part of the slab, to temperature lower than that in S1 even if the flow density of cooling water, and time for supplying cooling water are same as S1.

(22) <Second Recuperation Step (S4)>

(23) The second recuperation step (hereinafter may be referred to as S4) is a step performed following S3, and a step of performing recuperation necessary to reform the structure of the portion other than the corner part of the slab. Specifically, S4 is a step of recuperating the slab so that the surface temperature of the corner part is kept below the Ar.sub.3 point, and that of the portion other than the corner part is the Ar.sub.3 point or above. As described above, the portion other than the corner part (and the corner part) of the slab is cooled so that its surface temperature is below the Ar.sub.3 point in S3. Thus, the structure where grain boundaries are unclear can be formed in the outer layer of the portion other than the corner part of the slab by recuperating the slab in S4 so that the surface temperature of the portion other than the corner part of the slab is the Ar.sub.3 point or above. This structure has hot ductility. The outer layers of all the long sides surfaces of the slab including the corner part are reformed to have the structure where grain boundaries are unclear in the slab through S1 to S4.

(24) In S4, the surface temperature of the corner part of the slab is kept below the Ar.sub.3 point. This is because there is no necessity to be the surface temperature of the corner part of the Ar.sub.3 point or above in S4 since the structure of the corner part of the slab has been completely reformed in S1 and S2, etc. The surface temperature of the corner part of the slab after cooled in S3 is lower than that in S1, and the corner part of the slab is difficult to be recuperated. Thus, in S4, the surface temperature of the corner part can be easily kept below the Ar.sub.3 point.

(25) In the present invention, the configuration of S4 is not limited as long as the slab can be recuperated so that the surface temperature of the corner part is kept below the Ar.sub.3 point and that of the portion other than the corner part is Ar.sub.3 point or above. Such recuperation can be easily performed by, for example, taking the time for recuperating the slab at least 2 minutes or more, and preferably 2 to 3 minutes.

(26) According to the present invention including S1 to S4, the corner part and the portion other than the corner part of the slab can be individually reformed, and cracks in all over the outer layer of the slab including the corner part can be prevented. After S4 is ended, a structure of high hot ductility forms in almost all over the outer layer of the slab. Whereby, heat stress that can be generated between the outer layer and the inside of the slab can be reduced. As a result, surface cracking of the slab can be restricted not only upon cooling in the first and second water cooling steps but also upon recuperation in the first and second recuperation steps, recuperation after secondary cooling, bloom reheating, and blooming. That is, according to the present invention, surface cracking can be made to be difficult to appear in the process from secondary cooling to blooming.

(27) It is considered that only end parts of the slab are cooled, and only a portion other than the end parts is cooled as methods for reforming the structure of the corner part individually from that of the portion other than the corner part, without using the present invention. However, it is difficult to actually perform such cooling. For example, it is considered that the disposition of sprays is figured out so that cooling water does not splash directly on end parts of the slab. However, rolls for supporting the slab are provided just beneath the mold and therefore, cooling water sprayed onto the slab is supplied to the corner part along these rolls. The corner part is cooled from the wide surfaces where cooling water is supplied, and the side surfaces of the wide surfaces, and thus, is easy to be supercooled and difficult to be recuperated.

EXAMPLES

(28) The present invention will be further described with reference to examples.

(29) In order to confirm effects of the present invention, a cooling test of the slab was done using a casting machine for full-scale production, to examine the relationship between cooling conditions (flow density and cooling time), and the structure of the outer layer of the slab. As examples, (examples of this invention), water cooling in the first water cooling step, recuperation in the first recuperation step, water cooling in the second water cooling step, and recuperation in the second recuperation step were executed. In addition, as comparative examples of conventional arts, cooling in one continuous cooling step, which was not divided into two series of cooling, was executed, and after that, a recuperation step was executed. In every cooling step, cooling water was sprayed from spray nozzles to long sides surfaces and short sides surfaces of the slab, to cool the slab.

(30) Specifically, a cooling test was carried out when continuous casting was performed at 0.6 to 0.8 m/min in casting speed to obtain a slab of 0.15 to 0.23 wt % in C content, 435 mm in width and 315 mm in thickness. In each example, the flow density of spray water in each first water cooling step and second water cooling step was 170 to 290 L/min/m.sup.2, and the time for supplying cooling water to the slab (cooling time) in each first water cooling step and second water cooling step was 0.95 to 3.7 minutes. In some comparative examples, sizes of the slabs were 650 mm in width and 300 mm in thickness. Table 1 shows the test conditions and the results of the appearance or not of cracks of the examples. Table 2 shows the test conditions and the results of the appearance or not of cracks of the comparative examples. In each test, whether cracks appeared or not was determined by: cutting a sample out of the slab, pickling to remove scales, and visually inspecting whether cracks appeared or not. Specifically, in a case where cracks were visually observed, cracks were determined to appear. In a case where no cracks were visually observed, cracks were determined to be none. In Table 2, indicates that steps corresponding to boxes indicated by were not carried out.

(31) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 First Second First Water Recuperation Second Water Recuperation Cooling Step Step Cooing Step Step Appearance Flow Cooling Recuperation Flow Cooling Recuperation of Cracks Density Time Time Density Time Time Corner Center [L/min/m.sup.2] [min] [min] [L/min/m.sup.2] [min] [min] Part Part Ex. 1 290 0.95 2 170 0.95 2 None None Ex. 2 290 1.75 2 210 4 2 None None Ex. 3 170 0.95 2 170 0.95 2 None None Ex. 4 290 4 2 290 4 2 None None Ex. 5 170 4 2 290 2 2 None None Ex. 6 210 4 2 210 4 2 None None

(32) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 First Second First Water Recuperation Second Water Recuperation Cooling Step Step Cooing Step Step Appearance Flow Cooling Recuperation Flow Cooling Recuperation of Cracks Density Time Time Density Time Time Corner Center [L/min/m.sup.2] [min] [min] [L/min/m.sup.2] [min] [min] Part Part Comp. Ex. 1 590 1 2 Appear None Comp. Ex. 2 590 1.5 2 Appear None Comp. Ex. 3 380 1.6 2 Appear None Comp. Ex. 4 450 3.2 2 Appear None Comp. Ex. 5 400 2.5 2 Appear None Comp. Ex. 6 400 5.6 2 None Appear Comp. Ex. 7 170 0.95 2 150 4 2 None Appear Comp. Ex. 8 170 0.95 2 300 4 2 None Appear Comp. Ex. 9 170 0.95 2 170 0.55 2 None Appear Comp. Ex. 10 170 0.95 2 290 5 2 None Appear Comp. Ex. 11 150 4 2 290 4 2 Appear None Comp. Ex. 12 300 0.95 2 170 0.95 2 Appear None Comp. Ex. 13 170 0.55 2 290 4 2 Appear None Comp. Ex. 14 290 5 2 170 0.95 2 Appear None Comp. Ex. 15 400 2 2 Appear None Comp. Ex. 16 200 2 2 None Appear Comp. Ex. 17 2200 0.83 2 460 0.95 0.38 Appear None Comp. Ex. 18 4760 1.33 2 1010 1.33 2 Appear None Comp. Ex. 19 2830 2 2 440 4 2 Appear None Comp. Ex. 20 4320 2 2 640 4 2 Appear None

(33) It was confirmed that in every example, the cooling speed of the surfaces of the slab was 1.0 to 3.0 C/sec by heat transfer analysis and measurement of the surface temperature of the slab.

(34) The obtained slab was cut along a plane for which the longitudinal direction was the direction of the normal line, and the structure of the cross-section was observed with an optical microscope. FIG. 3 depicts a region including the positions where the structures were observed on the cross-section. A corner part F.sub.corner, and F.sub.center, which was the center part of a slab 1 in the width direction, and was a region adjacent to a wide surface of the slab 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as center part), were observed.

(35) FIGS. 4 to 7 show photographs of cross-sections of the slab. FIG. 4 is a photograph of a corner part of the slab on which the continuous casting method of the comparative example 1 was performed. FIG. 5 is a photograph of the center part of the cross-section of the slab after the first water cooling step and the first recuperation step were carried out when the continuous casting method of the comparative example 6 was performed. FIG. 6 is a photograph of the corner part of the cross-section of the slab after the first water cooling step and the first recuperation step were carried out when the continuous casting method of the comparative example 6 was performed. FIG. 7 is a photograph of the center part of the cross-section of the slab after the second recuperation step was performed when the continuous casting method of the example 1 was performed.

(36) As shown in FIG. 4, a structure where grain boundaries were clear was formed in the corner part of the slab of the comparative example 1. It is considered that this was because in the comparative example 1 where the flow density upon cooling was high, the supercooled corner part was not able to reach temperature of the Ar.sub.3 point or above in the following recuperation step, so that the structure was not able to be reformed to that where grain boundaries were unclear. In contrast, as shown in FIG. 5, the structure where grain boundaries were clear was formed in the center part of the slab of the comparative example 6. It is considered that this was because in the comparative example 6 where the flow density upon cooling was low, the center part was not enough cooled, and the temperature of the outer layer of the center part of the slab did not drop below the Ar.sub.3 point.

(37) On the other hand, the structure where grain boundaries were unclear was formed in the corner part of the slab of the comparative example 6. It is considered that this was because the temperature of the corner part dropped below the Ar.sub.3 point since the corner part was more strongly cooled compared to another portion, and its structure was reformed upon the following recuperation, so that the structure where grain boundaries were unclear was formed. The reason why the corner part was more strongly cooled compared to the other portion is considered that, for example, almost all the cooling water supplied to the long sides surfaces of the slab moved along rolls to the corner part, to cool the corner part, and in addition, the corner part was also cooled by cooling water sprayed to the short sides surfaces of the slab. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, the structure where grain boundaries were unclear was formed in the center part of the slab of the example 1 after the second recuperation step. Depiction is omitted but the same structure was formed in the corner part of the slab of the example 1 after the second recuperation step.

(38) While cracks appeared in the corner part when the slab of the comparative example 1 was cooled in the first water cooling step, no cracks appeared in all over the surfaces of the slab of the example 1 from the start of the first water cooling step to the end of the second recuperation step.

(39) In addition, as shown in Table 1, no cracks appeared in the corner part and the center part (that is, all over the surfaces. Hereinafter the same will be applied) in every example including the example 1. It is considered that this was because the structure where grain boundaries were unclear was able to be formed in the outer layer of the corner part and the center part of the slab by individually reforming the structure of the corner part of the slab and the structure of the portion other than the corner part of the slab, and formation of these structures made it possible to prevent appearance of cracks.

(40) In contrast, as shown in Table 2, cracks appeared in the corner part and the center part of the slab in every comparative example, to which the present invention was not applied. Specifically, cracks appeared in the corner part and the center part in the comparative examples 1 to 6 and 15 to 16, where only one cooling step, which was not divided into two cooling steps, was carried out.

(41) More specifically, cooling was performed in each comparative example 1 to 5 and 15 under cooling conditions of allowing cracks in the center part to be prevented (condition that the flow density was higher than that of examples). If cooling was performed under the cooling conditions of allowing cracks in the center part to be prevented as conventional arts, the corner part was supercooled and thus, the surface temperature of the corner part was not the Ar.sub.3 point or above even the recuperation step was carried out. Therefore, in each comparative example 1 to 5 and 15, the structure where grain boundaries were unclear was not able to be formed in the outer layer of the corner part, and as a result, cracks appeared in the corner part.

(42) In each comparative example 6 and 16, cooling such that only the surface temperature of the corner part was below the Ar.sub.3 point in the first water cooling step was able to be performed; and in the following first recuperation step, the slab was able to be recuperated so that the surface temperature of all the slab including the corner part was the Ar.sub.3 point or above. As a result, in each of these comparative examples, the structure where grain boundaries were unclear was able to be formed in the outer layer of the corner part and thus, no cracks appeared in the corner part. However, in each comparative example 6 and 16, no second water cooling step or second recuperation step was performed. Thus, the structure where grain boundaries were unclear was not able to be formed in the center part. As a result, cracks appeared in the center part.

(43) In each comparative example 7 to 10, the slab was able to be cooled so that only the surface temperature of the corner part was below the Ar.sub.3 point in the first water cooling step, and in the following first recuperation step, the slab was able to be recuperated so that the surface temperature of all the slab including the corner part was the Ar.sub.3 point or above. As a result, in each comparative example 7 to 10, the structure where grain boundaries were unclear was able to be formed in the outer layer of the corner part and thus, no cracks appeared in the corner part.

(44) However, in the comparative example 7, the slab was not able to be cooled so that the surface temperature of the center part was not below the Ar.sub.3 point in the second water cooling step. As a result, in the comparative example 7, the structure where grain boundaries were unclear was not able to be formed in the center part. Thus, cracks appeared in the center part.

(45) In the comparative example 8, the slab was not able to be recuperated so that the surface temperature of the center part was not the Ar.sub.3 point or above in the second recuperation step because the center part was too cooled in the second water cooling step. As a result, in the comparative example 8, the structure where grain boundaries were unclear was not able to be formed in the center part. Thus, cracks appeared in the center part.

(46) In the comparative example 9, the slab was not able to be cooled so that the surface temperature of the center part was not below the Ar.sub.3 point in the second water cooling step. As a result, in the comparative example 9, the structure where grain boundaries were unclear was not able to be formed in the center part. Thus, cracks appeared in the center part.

(47) In the comparative example 10, the slab was not able to be recuperated so that the surface temperature of the center part was not the Ar.sub.3 point or above in the second recuperation step because the center part was too cooled in the second water cooling step. As a result, in the comparative example 10, the structure where grain boundaries were unclear was not able to be formed in the center part. Thus, cracks appeared in the center part.

(48) In each comparative example 11 to 14, the slab was able to be cooled so that the surface temperature of all the slab including the corner part was below the Ar.sub.3 point in the second water cooling step, and in the following second recuperation step, the slab was able to be recuperated so that the surface temperature of the corner part was kept below the Ar.sub.3 point, and the surface temperature of the center part was the Ar.sub.3 point or above. As a result, in each comparative example 11 to 14, the structure where grain boundaries were unclear was able to be formed in the outer layer of the center part and thus, no cracks appeared in the center part.

(49) However, in the comparative example 11, the slab was not able to be cooled so that the surface temperature of the corner part was not below the Ar.sub.3 point in the first water cooling step. As a result, in the comparative example 11, the structure where y grain boundaries were unclear was not able to be formed in the corner part. Thus, cracks appeared in the corner part.

(50) In the comparative example 12, the slab was not able to be recuperated so that the surface temperature of the corner part was not the Ar.sub.3 point or above in the first recuperation step because the corner part was too cooled in the first water cooling step. As a result, in the comparative example 12, the structure where grain boundaries were unclear was not able to be formed in the corner part. Thus, cracks appeared in the corner part.

(51) In the comparative example 13, the slab was not able to be cooled so that the surface temperature of the corner part was not below the Ar.sub.3 point in the first water cooling step. As a result, in the comparative example 13, the structure where grain boundaries were unclear was not able to be formed in the corner part. Thus, cracks appeared in the corner part.

(52) In the comparative example 14, the slab was not able to be recuperated so that the surface temperature of the corner part was not the Ar.sub.3 point or above in the first recuperation step because the center part was too cooled in the first water cooling step. As a result, in the comparative example 14, the structure where grain boundaries were unclear was not able to be formed in the corner part. Thus, cracks appeared in the corner part.

(53) In each comparative example 17 to 20, the slab was able to be cooled so that the surface temperature of all the slab including the corner part was below the Ar.sub.3 point in the first water cooling step. However, in each comparative example 17 to 20, the slab was not able to be recuperated so that the surface temperature of the corner part was not the Ar.sub.3 point or above in the first recuperation step because the corner part was too cooled in the first water cooling step. As a result, in each comparative example 17 to 20, the structure where grain boundaries were unclear was not able to be formed in the corner part. Thus, cracks appeared in the corner part.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

(54) 1 . . . slab