MULTI-PHASE PUMPING SYSTEM WITH SELF-PURGING FILTRATION

Abstract

An apparatus and method prevent entrained solids from entering a pump by directing a process stream through an active upstream filter that removes the solids, and then through a downstream idle filter where the process stream purges the filter of previously retained solids. The flow path is periodically switched to exchange the roles of the filters, so that none of the filters is saturated, and the solids remain in the process flow but bypass the pump. Any need for a low pressure destination for purged solids and purging fluid and/or any environmental impact of dumping process fluid and solids into the environment is thereby avoided. Partially opened valves can be used to divert only part of the downstream flow for filter purging. Selectable paths can be included for which no filters are purged. The downstream flow can be divided and used to simultaneously purge a plurality of idle filters.

Claims

1. A system for protecting a pump from solids entrained in a process flow, the system comprising: a pump in fluid communication with a first filter, a second filter, and a plurality of valves, said valves being automatically controlled by a controller; an inlet through which the process flow enters the system from an upstream source; and an outlet through which the process flow emerges from the system toward a downstream destination; said controller being configured to control said valves so as to select between at least two selectable flow paths, wherein each of said flow paths directs the process flow from the inlet to one of the plurality of filters, where the entrained solids are retained and removed from the process flow, said process flow being directed from thence through the pump, and at least part of the process flow being directed from thence to a another of the plurality of filters, where previously retained solids are purged and carried by the process flow toward the downstream destination; said controller being configured to switch between said flow paths so as to prevent any of said filters from becoming saturated by retained solids.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein said selectable flow paths further comprise a flow path that directs the process flow from the pump to the outlet without purging any of the filters.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the valves can be partially opened by the controller.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein, after flowing through the pump, the process flow is divided into a plurality of flow streams, at least one of the flow streams being directed so as to purge one of the filters.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein at least one of the flow streams is directed from the pump to the outlet without purging a filter.

6. The system of claim 4, wherein a plurality of the flow streams are directed so as to purge a plurality of the filters.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the pump is a multiphase pump.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the multiphase pump is a twin screw multiphase pump.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the entrained solids include sand.

10. The system of claim 1, further comprising a mechanism in communication with the controller for determining quantities of entrained solids retained by each of the filters.

11. A method for protecting a pump from solids entrained in a process flow, the method comprising: providing a pump in fluid communication with a first filter, a second filter, and a plurality of valves, said valves being automatically controlled by a controller so as to select between selectable flow paths; directing said process flow through a first of said selectable flow paths, in which the entrained solids are removed from the process flow and retained by a first of the filters upstream of the pump, and at least part of the process flow purges retained solids from a second of the filters downstream of the pump; directing said process flow through a second of said selectable flow paths, in which the entrained solids are removed from the multiphase process flow and retained by the second filter or by a third of the filters upstream of the pump, and at least part of the process flow purges retained solids from the first filter downstream of the pump; and continuing to select between said selectable flow paths so as to prevent any of the filters from being saturated by the entrained solids.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein said selectable flow paths further comprise a flow path that directs the process flow from the pump to the outlet without purging any of the filters.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein at least one of the valves can be partially opened by the controller.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein after flowing through the pump, the process flow is divided into a plurality of flow streams, at least one of the flow streams being directed so as to purge one of the filters.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein at least one of the flow streams is directed from the pump to the outlet without purging a filter.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein a plurality of the flow streams are directed so as to purge a plurality of the filters.

17. The method of claim 11, wherein the pump is a multiphase pump.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the multiphase pump is a twin screw multiphase pump.

19. The method of claim 11, wherein the entrained solids include sand.

20. The method of claim 11, wherein the controller is configured to select flow paths at least partly based on determined quantities of entrained solids retained by each of the filters.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] FIG. 1A is an illustration of an embodiment in which the selected flow path includes a first filter that removes solids upstream of the pump and a second filter that is purged by the process flow downstream of the pump;

[0030] FIG. 1B is a simplified, functional illustration of the flow path of FIG. 1A, in which the closed valves and unused pipes have been removed;

[0031] FIG. 2A is an illustration of the embodiment of FIG. 1A in which the flow path has been changed so as to cause the second filter to remove solids upstream of the pump and the first filter to be purged by the process flow downstream of the pump;

[0032] FIG. 2B is a simplified, functional illustration of the flow path of FIG. 2A, in which the closed valves and unused pipes have been removed;

[0033] FIG. 3A is an illustration of the embodiment of FIG. 1A in which the selected flow path has been changed so as to cause the second filter to remove solids upstream of the pump and to direct the flow downstream of the pump directly to the outlet without purging any of the filters;

[0034] FIG. 3B is a simplified, functional illustration of the flow path of FIG. 1A, in which the closed valves and unused pipes have been removed; and

[0035] FIG. 4 is a flow diagram that illustrates a method embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] With reference to FIG. 1A, the present invention is an apparatus 100 and method that uses filters 102, 104 to protect a pump 106 such as a multiphase pump from ingesting entrained solids in a process stream, referred to herein generically as sand, while automatically purging the filters 102, 104 of sand without requiring a low pressure destination for purged sand and purging fluid. Rather than eliminating the sand from the process stream altogether, the present apparatus and method temporarily remove the sand from the process flow upstream of the pump 106, and then reinject it into the process flow downstream of the pump 106, thereby eliminating any need for a low pressure destination for sand and purging fluid.

[0037] According to the present invention, the apparatus 100 includes a plurality of filters 102, 104, and a plurality of selectable flow paths. In the embodiment of FIG. 1A, the pump 106 is a multiphase pump, two sand filters 102, 104 are provided, and the flow path of the process fluid is periodically switched between four selectable flow paths. The switching of the flow paths is under the control of a flow path controller (not shown), which is configured to open, close, or partially open different combinations of valves (108a-108i, collectively referred to as 108) included in the apparatus 100 so as to select a desired flow path.

[0038] In FIG. 1A, the valves 108 are configured to select the first flow path, such that the first filter 102 is located upstream of the multiphase pump 106, where it collects sand from the process stream as it enters the inlet pipeline 112 and prevents it from entering the multiphase pump 102, while the second filter 104 is located downstream of the multiphase pump 102, where the high discharge pressure of the process fluid flushes the sand out of the filter 104 and toward the discharge pipeline 110, thereby returning the previously filtered sand back into the flow of process fluid and avoiding any need of a large and complicated collection vessel, and/or any environmental impact of dumping oily sand into the environment. Accordingly, the sand continues toward the downstream process, as is the current practice. However, unlike current practices, the sand does not flow through and damage the multiphase pump 106.

[0039] Note that in the figure, the diagonal dashed line shown in each filter functionally represents the filter element, such that sand is filtered out of process fluid flowing horizontally from left to right through the filter 102, 104, and the sand is purged from the filter and re-enters the process flow when process fluid flows vertically upward through the filter 102, 104.

[0040] FIG. 1B is a simplified illustration of FIG. 1A, in which closed valves 108 b, f, g, and h and the corresponding unused pipes have been removed for clarity of illustration. It can be seen in the figure that when this first flow path is selected, the process fluid flows from the inlet pipe 112 through the first filter 102, where any sand contained in the process flow is removed. The process fluid (with sand removed) then continues to the inlet of the multiphase pump 106. From the outlet of the multiphase pump 106, the sand-free process fluid divides into two paths toward valves 108a and 108i, according to the settings of the two partially open valves 108a and 108e. The fluid that flows through valve 108a continues directly to the discharge pipe 110, while the fluid that flows through open valve 108i purges the previously filtered sand from the second filter 104 before flowing through partially open valve 108e and out through the discharge pipe 110. The sand previously filtered by the second filter 104 is thereby reintegrated into the process flow downstream of the multiphase pump 106.

[0041] FIG. 2A illustrates the embodiment of FIG. 1A, with the valves 108 configured to select the second flow path. FIG. 2B is a simplified illustration of FIG. 2A, in which closed valves, 108 c, d, e, and i and the corresponding unused pipes have been removed for clarity of illustration. It can be seen in the figures that when this second flow path is selected, the process fluid flows from the inlet pipe 112 through the second filter 104, where any sand contained in the process flow is removed. The process fluid with sand removed then continues to the inlet of the multiphase pump 106. From the outlet of the multiphase pump 106, the sand-free process fluid divides into two paths toward valves 108a and 108f, according to the settings of the two partially open valves 108a and 108b. The fluid that flows through valve 108a continues directly to the discharge pipe 110, while the fluid that flows through open valve 108f purges the previously filtered sand from the first filter 102 before flowing through partially open valve 108b and out through the discharge pipe 110. The sand previously filtered by the first filter 102 is thereby reintegrated into the process flow downstream of the multiphase pump 106.

[0042] FIG. 3A illustrates the embodiment of FIG. 1A, with the valves 108 configured to select the third flow path, in which neither of the filters 102, 104 is purged. FIG. 3B is a simplified illustration of FIG. 3A, in which closed valves 108 b, c, d, e, f, and I and the corresponding unused pipes have been removed for clarity of illustration. It can be seen in the figure that when this third flow path is selected, the process fluid flows from the inlet pipe 112 through the second filter 104, where any sand contained in the process flow is removed. The process fluid with sand removed then continues to the inlet of the multiphase pump 106. From the outlet of the multiphase pump 106, the sand-free process fluid by-passes both of the filters and instead flows directly to the discharge pipe 110. This path might be selected, for example, when the first filter 102 has already been purged, and the second filter 104 is not yet ready to be purged. The fourth selectable flow path, which is not illustrated, is similar to FIGS. 3A and 3B, except that the process fluid flows from the inlet pipe 112 through the first filter 102 before continuing to the multiphase pump 106.

[0043] FIG. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating an embodiment of the method of the present invention. Initially, the process flow is directed from an upstream source through a first filter 400, which removes the sand from the process flow. The flow is then directed to the pump 402. At least part of the flow from the pump outlet is directed to a second filter and used to purge that filter of sand that was previously collected 404, so that the purged sand is carried by the process flow to the downstream destination 406.

[0044] After some time (and before the first filter is saturated with sand), the flow path is switched 408, such that the flow from the upstream source is now directed 410 to filter 2, which has been purged of sand and is ready to remove the sand from the inlet stream. The flow is then directed to the pump inlet 412, and from the pump outlet at least part of the flow is directed to the first filter, where it purges the first filter 414 of the sand that was collected before the flow path was switched 408 and carries the purged sand to the downstream destination 416. Sometime later, before the second filter is saturated with sand, the flow path is switched back to the first configuration 418, and the cycle begins again.

[0045] In various embodiments, the controller switches between the filters based on specified elapsed times. In other embodiments, the switching is based on measured operating parameters, such as a pressure differential across the operating filter, sand level indicators, or other measurements of the amount of sand contained in the operating filter. In some of these embodiments, when purging is not required for either of the filters, the controller channels all the discharge flow away from the pump to the downstream destination without purging any of the filters 420, 422.

[0046] The net result is that the pressure and flow of the process stream, which is induced by the pump 106, transports the sand from the upstream source to the downstream destination together with the process stream, and yet the sand is prevented from passing through the pump.

[0047] While the invention is described herein primarily with reference to multiphase pumps, and in particular with reference to twin screw multiphase pumps, It should be understood by those of skill in the art that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, but is applicable for protecting any pump when used in an application where the process flow includes particulate solids mixed with a liquid, and where it is desirable to exclude the particulate solids from passing through the pump.

[0048] The foregoing description of the embodiments of the invention has been presented for the purposes of illustration and description. Each and every page of this submission, and all contents thereon, however characterized, identified, or numbered, is considered a substantive part of this application for all purposes, irrespective of form or placement within the application.

[0049] This specification is not intended to be exhaustive. Although the present application is shown in a limited number of forms, the scope of the invention is not limited to just these forms, but is amenable to various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit thereof. One or ordinary skill in the art should appreciate after learning the teachings related to the claimed subject matter contained in the foregoing description that many modifications and variations are possible in light of this disclosure. Accordingly, the claimed subject matter includes any combination of the above-described elements in all possible variations thereof, unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. In particular, the limitations presented in dependent claims below can be combined with their corresponding independent claims in any number and in any order without departing from the scope of this disclosure, unless the dependent claims are logically incompatible with each other.