Method and device for regenerating granular activated carbon by arc initiation and discharge

Abstract

A method for regenerating granular activated carbon by arc initiation and discharge includes steps of the granular activated carbon continuously flowing through a heating passage, and applying a DC (direct current) to two electrode plates in the heating passage. Under a combined action of conductive Joule heating and arc heat release, the activated carbon heats up rapidly and an adsorbate is pyrolyzed by high temperature, thereby achieving regeneration. Moreover, a device for regenerating granular activated carbon by arc initiation and discharge includes a feeding device, a heating passage, an aggregate device and an adjustable DC power supply. Two ends of the heating passage are connected with the feeding device and the aggregate device respectively; two electrode plates are provided within the heating passage; the two electrode plates are connected with an output positive pole and an output negative pole of the DC power supply respectively.

Claims

1. A method for regenerating granular activated carbon by arc initiation and discharge, the method comprising steps of: the granular activated carbon continuously flowing through a heating passage; and applying a DC (direct current) to two electrode plates in the heating passage, wherein a voltage of the DC is expressed by a voltage formula of $U=\sqrt{\mathrm{\eta \rho }{\mathrm{cq}}_m\Delta T\left(1+\frac{2q_m}{\alpha +q_m}+\beta d_p\right)\frac{l}{S}},$ here, ρ is resistivity of the granular activated carbon, c is specific heat capacity of the granular activated carbon, q.sub.m is mass flow of the granular activated carbon in the heating passage, AT is target temperature rise value of regenerated activated carbon, d.sub.p is equivalent particle size of the granular activated carbon, l is distance between the two electrode plates, S is area of each of the two electrode plates, η is a dimensionless coefficient in a range of 1 to 5, α is an empirical parameter which is expressed by a formula of α=xwlρ.sub.m and has a unit of kg/s, here, x is an adjustment parameter with dimension m/s and is in range of 0.002 m/s to 0.01 m/s, w is facing width of the two electrode plates, ρ.sub.m is bulk density of the granular activated carbon, β is an empirical parameter in a range of 200 m.sup.−1 to 800 m.sup.−1, wherein: the granular activated carbon tumbles, collides and separates with each other in the heating passage during transportation, electrons are excited to pass through a potential barrier to form field emission and impact ionization, resulting in arc initiation; the arc initiation is conducive to current conduction and heat release, and greatly reduces the resistance of an activated carbon access circuit, so that under a combined action of conductive Joule heating and arc heat release, the activated carbon heats up rapidly and an adsorbate is pyrolyzed by high temperature, thereby achieving regeneration.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a measurement process of the bulk density ρ.sub.m of the granular activated carbon comprises steps of (a) placing the granular activated carbon into a 100 mL of graduated cylinder several times, tapping a bottom of the graduated cylinder with a rubber hammer after each placement until a volume of the granular activated carbon reaches 100 mL and no longer decreases; (b) and then weighing out a net weight of the granular activated carbon in the graduated cylinder with an electronic scale; and (c) finally dividing the net weight of the granular activated carbon by the volume of 100 mL to obtain the bulk density of the granular activated carbon.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the voltage of the DC, which is calculated according to the target temperature rise value, is higher than a preset high value (such as 380 V), or when an input power, which is calculated according to the voltage of the DC, exceeds a rated power of a DC power supply, the voltage of the DC and the input power are reduced by reducing the mass flow q.sub.m of the granular activated carbon in the heating passage; on the contrary, when the voltage of the DC, which is calculated according to the target temperature rise value, is lower than a preset low value, an efficiency and a capacity of the granular activated carbon are increased by increasing the mass flow q.sub.m, wherein q.sub.m=vwlρ.sub.m, here, v is flow rate of the granular activated carbon in a range of 0.0005 m/s to 0.02 m/s, and therefore, the mass flow q.sub.m is able to be adjusted by controlling the flow rate v of the granular activated carbon, changing the distance l between the two electrode plates and the facing width w of the two electrode plates.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the equivalent particle size of the granular activated carbon is in a range of 0.5 mm to 10 mm.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein a moisture content of the granular activated carbon is less than 5%.

6. A device for regenerating granular activated carbon by arc initiation and discharge, which comprises a feeding device, a heating passage, an aggregate device and an adjustable DC (direct current) power supply, wherein: the heating passage is sealed with a high-temperature resistant insulating material all around, two ends of the heating passage are connected with the feeding device and the aggregate device respectively; a control valve for adjusting a flow rate of the granular activated carbon is provided at an outlet of the heating passage; two electrode plates, which are placed in parallel and same in shape, are provided within the heating passage; the two electrode plates are connected with an output positive pole and an output negative pole of the DC power supply respectively.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] FIG. 1 is a structurally schematic diagram of a device for regenerating granular activated carbon by arc initiation and discharge provided by the present invention.

[0025] FIG. 2 is a graph of actual temperature rise versus voltage according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0026] The present invention will be further explained in detail with the accompanying drawings as follows.

First Embodiment

[0027] Referring to FIG. 1, a device for regenerating granular activated carbon by arc initiation and discharge according to a first embodiment of the present invention is illustrated, which comprises a feeding device 4, a heating passage 5, an aggregate device 6 and an adjustable DC (direct current) power supply 3, wherein the heating passage 5 is sealed with a high-temperature resistant insulating material all around, two ends of the heating passage 5 are connected with the feeding device 4 and the aggregate device 6 respectively; a control valve 2 for adjusting a flow rate of activated carbon is provided at an outlet of the heating passage 5; two electrode plates 1 (which are embodied as flat electrode plates), which are placed in parallel and same in shape, are fixed within the heating passage 5; the two electrode plates 1 are connected with an output positive pole and an output negative pole of the DC power supply 3.

[0028] Preferably, a distance l between the two electrode plates 1 is 0.05 m, a facing width w (which is an effective width of the two electrode plates 1 facing each other) is 0.12 m, and an area S of each of the two electrode plates 1 is 0.0036 m.sup.2.

[0029] Preferably, the two electrode plates 1 are fixed within the heating passage 5; or one of the two electrode plates 1 is fixed within the heating passage 5, another of the two electrode plates 1 is driven by a sidesway mechanism, the sidesway mechanism and the one of the two electrode plates 1 are synchronously driven by a spacing adjustment mechanism, the sidesway mechanism is configured to adjust a relative area of the two electrode plates 1 for changing a width of the two electrode plates 1 facing each other, the spacing adjustment mechanism is configured to adjust a distance between the two electrode plates 1.

Second Embodiment

[0030] According to a second embodiment of the present invention, a method for regenerating granular activated carbon by arc initiation and discharge with the device described in the first embodiment of the present invention is illustrated, wherein an inlet of the heating passage is connected with the feeding device, and an outlet of the heating passage is connected with the aggregate device.

[0031] The method for regenerating granular activated carbon by arc initiation and discharge comprises steps of:

[0032] (A) after drying the granular activated carbon until a moisture content thereof is lower than 5%, and the dried activated carbon continuously flowing through the heating passage by inputting the dried activated carbon into the heating passage with the feeding device; and

[0033] (B) applying a direct current to the two electrode plates, wherein a voltage of the direct current is expressed by a voltage formula of

[00002]$U=\sqrt{\mathrm{\eta \rho }{\mathrm{cq}}_m\Delta T\left(1+\frac{2q_m}{\alpha +q_m}+\beta d_p\right)\frac{l}{S}},$

here, ρ is resistivity of the granular activated carbon, c is specific heat capacity of the granular activated carbon, q.sub.m is mass flow of the granular activated carbon in the heating passage, ΔT is target temperature rise value of regenerated activated carbon, d.sub.p is equivalent particle size of the granular activated carbon, l is distance between the two electrode plates, S is area of each of the two electrode plates, η is a dimensionless coefficient in a range of 1 to 5, α is an empirical parameter which is expressed by a formula of α=xwlρ.sub.m and has a unit of kg/s, here, x is an adjustment parameter with dimension m/s and is in range of 0.002 m/s to 0.01 m/s, w is facing width of the two electrode plates, ρ.sub.m is bulk density of the granular activated carbon, β is an empirical parameter in a range of 200 m.sup.−1 to 800 m.sup.−1, wherein:

[0034] the granular activated carbon tumbles, collides and separates with each other in the heating passage during transportation, electrons are excited to pass through a potential barrier to form field emission and impact ionization, resulting in arc initiation; the arc initiation is conducive to current conduction and heat release, and greatly reduces the resistance of an activated carbon access circuit, so as to make activated carbon with high static resistivity discharge to be heated by dynamic arc initiation, so that under a combined action of conductive Joule heating and arc heat release, the activated carbon heats up rapidly and an adsorbate is pyrolyzed by high temperature, thereby achieving regeneration; the regenerated granular activated carbon is collected by the aggregate device.

[0035] A specific example is as below.

[0036] The activated carbon has the resistivity ρ of 0.6 Ω.Math.m, the specific heat capacity c of 840 J/(kg° C.),the bulk density ρ.sub.m of 470 kg/m.sup.3, the equivalent particle size d.sub.p of 0.002 m, the target temperature rise value ΔT of 700° C., the mass flow q.sub.m of 0.006 kg/s, η=2, x=0.00638 m/s, α=0.018 kg/s, β=400 m.sup.−1. Accordingly, the calculated voltage of the DC is 367.7 V. However, if the voltage of the DC is changed under the above parameters, the graph of actual temperature rise versus voltage is shown in FIG. 2.

[0037] Preferably, a specific measurement process of the bulk density ρ.sub.m of the granular activated carbon comprises steps of (a) since the bulk density of the granular activated carbon is a ratio of mass to volume under natural accumulation of the activated carbon, placing the granular activated carbon into a 100 mL of graduated cylinder several times, gently tapping a bottom of the graduated cylinder with a rubber hammer after each placement until a volume of the granular activated carbon reaches 100 mL and no longer decreases; (b) and then weighing out a net weight of the granular activated carbon in the graduated cylinder with an electronic scale; and (c) finally dividing the net weight of the activated carbon by the volume of 100 mL to obtain the bulk density of the granular activated carbon. The measurement process of the bulk density ρ.sub.m of the granular activated carbon only uses the volume of 100 mL, coupled with the limited accuracy of manual operation, there will be measurement errors, but the measurement error of the bulk density ρ.sub.m is able to be adjusted by the coefficient x.

[0038] The working principle of regenerating the granular activated carbon by arc initiation and discharge of the present invention is further described as below.

[0039] The granular activated carbon in the electrified state tumbles, collides and separates with each other during motion, electrons are excited to pass through the potential barrier to form field emission and impact ionization, resulting in a large number of arcs. The large number of arcs are conducive to current conduction and heat release, and simultaneously a large amount of energy is released in the form of light and heat, which further stimulates the conductive particles to generate photoionization and thermal ionization, thereby promoting the formation of more arcs. This forced discharge effect significantly improves the current conduction performance and greatly reduces the resistance of the activated carbon access circuit, so that the activated carbon with high static resistivity can is also able to be heated by dynamic arc initiation. Therefore, under the combined action of conductive Joule heating and arc heat release, the activated carbon heats up rapidly and the adsorbate is pyrolyzed by high temperature, thereby achieving regeneration. The actual arcing discharge effect is related to the loaded voltage and current, the moving speed of the activated carbon, the particle size of the activated carbon, and the electrical properties of the activated carbon itself. The larger the loaded voltage and current, the smaller the moving speed of the activated carbon after exceeding the critical value of the moving speed, the smaller the particle size of the activated carbon after exceeding the critical value of the particle size, and the lower the resistivity of the activated carbon, the better the arc initiation effect. Under certain other conditions, when the flow rate of the activated carbon becomes larger (for example, to increase the production capacity), or the equivalent particle size of the activated carbon becomes larger, in order to make the activated carbon heat up to the target temperature, it is necessary to increase the loaded voltage, and the voltage of the DC is able to be easily obtained by the voltage formula provided by the present invention of

[00003]$U=\sqrt{\mathrm{\eta \rho }{\mathrm{cq}}_m\Delta T\left(1+\frac{2q_m}{\alpha +q_m}+\beta d_p\right)\frac{l}{S}}.$