METHOD FOR PREPARATION OF RUBIDIUM CESIUM TUNGSTEN BRONZE PARTICLES AND COMPOSITION THEREOF

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparation of rubidium cesium tungsten bronze particles and a composition of rubidium cesium tungsten bronze particles comprising an organic or inorganic base material, rubidium cesium tungsten bronze particles and additives. The rubidium cesium tungsten bronze particles (Rb.sub.xCs.sub.y).sub.0.33WO.sub.z is an alkali metal tungsten oxide material practical for use as a near infrared (NIR) absorbent, thermal mask additive, thermosetting resin or sputtering palladium material. The additive is practical for use in organic or inorganic substrates, such as plastic, paint, enamel, ink, adhesive, ceramic or glass, and prepared, for example, by a plasma torch.

Claims

1. (canceled)

2. A composition of rubidium cesium tungsten bronze particles, comprising an organic or inorganic base material, rubidium cesium tungsten bronze particles having the chemical formula of (RbxCsy).sub.0.33WOz, where x+y1.2 z3 and additives, said base material being selected from the group of paint, plastic, ink, adhesive, ceramic, glass and enamel, said base material being a plastic composition in the form of a panel, sheet or film and selected from the group of polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, styrene-acrylonitrile, polyamide, polystyrene, poly Polybutylene terephthalate, Polyurethane, Polyvinyl butyral, Polyvinyl chloride, Polypropylene, Polyethylene and blends, alloys and copolymers thereof, said additives being selected from the group of organic phosphorus stabilizers, hindered phenol antioxidants, hydroxylamines, hindered amine light stabilizers, hydroxyphenylbenzotriazole or hydroxyphenyl triazine UV absorbers and the relative inorganic or organic NIR absorbers, said ubidium cesium tungsten bronze particles being adapted for use as a near infrared (NIR) absorbent, thermal mask additive, thermosetting resin or sputtering palladium material.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] FIG. 1 illustrates the UV-VIS-IR spectroscopy of the transparent thermal insulation film samples of Examples I, II, III and IV made according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] The invention provides a method for preparation of rubidium cesium tungsten bronze particles. The rubidium cesium tungsten bronze particles have a chemical formula: (Rb.sub.xCs.sub.y).sub.0.33WO.sub.z, where Rb is a rubidium metal element, Cs is a cesium metal element, W is tungsten, O is oxygen, further, x+y1.2z3. The rubidium cesium tungsten bronze particles are a powder mixture. The powder mixture contains, based on 1 mol of tungsten, 0.01 mol to 5 mol of rubidium, and 0.05 mol to 0.5 mol of cesium. The powder mixture is prepared by applying a nanometer grinding process to the (Rb.sub.xCs.sub.y).sub.0.33WO.sub.z material so as to form a (Rb.sub.xCs.sub.y).sub.0.33WO.sub.z powder having a particle size of less than 100 nm.

[0012] The invention also provides a composition of rubidium cesium tungsten bronze particles, comprising an organic or inorganic base material and rubidium cesium tungsten bronze particles having the chemical formula of (Rb.sub.xCs.sub.y).sub.0.33WO.sub.z, where x+y1.2z3. The base material is selected from the group of paint, plastic, ink, adhesive, ceramic, glass and enamel.

[0013] Preferably, the base material is a near-infrared (NIR) cured coating composition.

[0014] Preferably, the base material is a plastic composition in the form of a panel, sheet or thin film. The base material is selected from the group of polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, styrene-acrylonitrile, polyamide, polystyrene, poly Polybutylene terephthalate, Polyurethane, Polyvinyl butyral, Polyvinyl chloride, Polypropylene, Polyethylene and their blends, alloys and copolymers.

[0015] Preferably, the composition contains additives selected from the group of organic phosphorus stabilizers, hindered phenol antioxidants, hydroxylamines, hindered amine light stabilizers, hydroxyphenylbenzotriazole or hydroxyphenyl triazine UV absorbers and other inorganic or organic NIR absorbers.

[0016] The rubidium cesium tungsten bronze particles provided by the present invention can be used as a near infrared (NIR) absorbent, thermal mask additive, thermosetting resin or sputtering palladium material.

EXAMPLE I

[0017] Prepare a transparent thermal insulation material at molar ratio Rb:Cs:W=0.0066:0.3234:3. 10 g ammonium tungstate (manufactured and sold by Sigma-Aldrich) was formulated as an aqueous solution and stirred to obtain a clear liquid A1. 2.17 g cesium carbonate (manufactured by Alfa Aesar) was mixed with 0.031 g rubidium carbonate (manufactured by Alfa Aesar) and stirred to obtain a clear liquid B1. Liquid B1 was further dropped into liquid A1 and stirred uniformly to obtain a transparent mixed liquid C1. The mixed liquid C1 was heated at 180 C. to obtain an initial white powder. The initial white powder was placed in a 10 vol % hydrogen/argon atmosphere at 600 C. for 60-minute reduction to obtain a blue powder. The blue powder was added to a dispersant having a weight of 50 wt % (manufactured by BYK), enabling the mixture to be dispersed in a 2 mm yttrium zirconium beads so as to obtain a nano dispersion liquid D1, and the nano dispersion liquid D1 was mixed with an acrylic resin to form a thermal insulation paint E1. The thermal insulation paint E1 was coated on a glass substrate and dried at 80 C. for half an hour to obtain a transparent thermal insulation film. The transparent thermal insulation film was examined using a UV-VIS-IR spectrophotometer, and the test result was shown in FIG. 1.

EXAMPLE II

[0018] Prepare a transparent thermal insulation material at molar ratio Rb:W=0.33:3. 10 g ammonium tungstate (manufactured and sold by Sigma-Aldrich) was formulated as an aqueous solution and stirred to obtain a clear liquid A1. 1.57 g cesium carbonate (manufactured by Alfa Aesar) was dubbed into an aqueous solution and stirred to obtain a clear liquid B1. Liquid B1 was further dropped into liquid A1 and stirred uniformly to obtain a transparent mixed liquid C1. The mixed liquid C1 was heated at 180 C. to obtain an initial white powder. The initial white powder was placed in a 10 vol % hydrogen/argon atmosphere at 600 C. for 60-minute reduction to obtain a blue powder. The blue powder was added to a dispersant having a weight of 50 wt % (manufactured by BYK), enabling the mixture to be dispersed in a 2 mm yttrium zirconium beads so as to obtain a nano dispersion liquid D1, and the nano dispersion liquid D1 was mixed with an acrylic resin to form a thermal insulation paint E1. The thermal insulation paint E1 was coated on a glass substrate and dried at 80 C. for half an hour to obtain a transparent thermal insulation film. The transparent thermal insulation film was examined using a UV-VIS-IR spectrophotometer and the test result was shown in FIG. 1.

EXAMPLE III

[0019] Prepare a transparent thermal insulation material at molar ratio Rb:Cs:WO=0.165:0.165:0.33. 10 g ammonium tungstate (manufactured and sold by Sigma-Aldrich) was formulated as an aqueous solution and stirred to obtain a clear liquid A1. 1.1 g cesium carbonate (manufactured by Alfa Aesar) was mixed with 0.79 g rubidium carbonate (manufactured by Alfa Aesar) and stirred to obtain a clear liquid B 1. Liquid B1 was further dropped into liquid A1 and stirred uniformly to obtain a transparent mixed liquid C1. The mixed liquid C1 was heated at 180 C. to obtain an initial white powder. The initial white powder was placed in a 10 vol % hydrogen/argon atmosphere at 600 C. for 60-minute reduction to obtain a blue powder. The blue powder was added to a dispersant having a weight of 50 wt % (manufactured by BYK), enabling the mixture to be dispersed in a 2 mm yttrium zirconium beads so as to obtain a nano dispersion liquid D1, and the nano dispersion liquid D1 was mixed with an acrylic resin to form a thermal insulation paint E1. The thermal insulation paint E1 was coated on a glass substrate and dried at 80 C. for half an hour to obtain a transparent thermal insulation film. The transparent thermal insulation film was examined using a UV-VIS-IR spectrophotometer, and the test result was shown in FIG. 1.

EXAMPLE IV

[0020] Prepare a transparent thermal insulation material at molar ratio Rb:Cs:W=0.033:0.297:3. 10 g ammonium tungstate (manufactured and sold by

[0021] Sigma-Aldrich) was formulated as a 30 wt % aqueous solution and stirred to obtain a clear liquid A1. 1.98 10 g cesium carbonate (manufactured by Alfa Aesar) was mixed with 0.157 10 g rubidium carbonate (manufactured by Alfa Aesar) to form a 50 wt % aqueous solution and then stirred to obtain a clear liquid B 1. Liquid B1 was further dropped into liquid A1 and stirred uniformly to obtain a transparent mixed liquid C1. The mixed liquid C1 was heated at 180 C. to obtain an initial white powder. The initial white powder was placed in a 10 vol % hydrogen/argon atmosphere at 600 C. for 60-minute reduction to obtain a blue powder. The blue powder was added to a dispersant having a weight of 50 wt % (manufactured by BYK), enabling the mixture to be dispersed in a 2 mm yttrium zirconium beads so as to obtain a nano dispersion liquid D1, and the nano dispersion liquid D1 was mixed with an acrylic resin to form a thermal insulation paint E1. The thermal insulation paint E1 was coated on a glass substrate and dried at 80 C. for half an hour to obtain a transparent thermal insulation film. The transparent thermal insulation film was examined using a UV-VIS-IR spectrophotometer, and the test result was shown in FIG. 1.

[0022] From the comparison results of the thermal insulation performance index of the transparent heat insulation films of Examples 1 to 4, we can see that the thermal insulation performance of the transparent thermal insulation film of the alkali metal-based tungsten oxide powder is superior to the thermal insulation performance of the transparent thermal insulation film that simply contains the alkali metal-doped tungsten oxide powder

[0023] In view of the above, the transparent thermal insulation material (Rb.sub.xCs.sub.y).sub.0.33WO.sub.z of the present invention is an alkali metal tungsten oxide material, and the transparent thermal insulation film made from this transparent thermal insulation material can simultaneously have both high visible light transmittance and high infrared blocking ratio. Further, the transparent thermal insulation film can be made using a low-cost wet coating method.

[0024] Although particular embodiments of the invention have been described in detail for purposes of illustration, various modifications and enhancements may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the invention is not to be limited except as by the appended claims.