Abstract
A curtain wall having a frame construction with a plurality of glass elements and optionally panels arranged at a distance from each other in a heat flow direction, wherein a multifunctional glass element is arranged on a room side behind a main heat-insulating plane of the curtain wall, wherein the position of the multifunctional glass element can be modified in a vertical direction and/or a horizontal direction and the multifunctional glass element has at least two of the functions selected from the following list: (A) anti-glare protection in a form of modifiable or switchable layers, (B) heating capacity at least in section, (C) a configuration with integrated LEDs as room lighting, (D) a configuration as an information system, particularly as a screen, at least in sections, (E) a configuration with at least one integrated camera, and (F) a configuration with at least one integrated loudspeaker.
Claims
1. A building envelope comprising a curtain wall, having a frame construction with a plurality of glass elements arranged at a distance from each other in a heat flow direction, and a multifunctional glass element fixed to the curtain wall provided in addition to the glass elements of the curtain wall and arranged on a room side behind a main heat-insulating plane of the curtain wall, wherein the multifunctional glass element is slidable in a vertical direction or a horizontal direction while fixed to the curtain wall; and wherein the multifunctional glass element has at least two functions selected from the group consisting of: (A) anti-glare protection comprising modifiable or switchable layers; (B) heating capacity in sections; (C) integrated LEDs as room lighting; (D) an information system as a screen in sections; (E) at least two integrated cameras; and (F) at least two integrated loudspeakers.
2. The building envelope of claim 1, wherein the multifunctional glass element has at least three of the functions selected from the group consisting of (A) to (F).
3. The building envelope of claim 1, wherein the multifunctional glass element has at least four of the functions selected from the group consisting of (A) to (F).
4. The building envelope of claim 1, wherein the multifunctional glass element comprises laminated glass.
5. The building envelope of claim 1, wherein the multifunctional glass element comprises a double-glazed pane with individual panes with an intermediate space between 4 mm and 20 mm between the individual panes, wherein the individual panes can be moved separately.
6. The building envelope of claim 5, wherein the at least two functions of the multifunctional glass element are distributed over the individual panes.
7. The building envelope of claim 1, wherein the at least two functions of the multifunctional glass element are arranged in spatially separated areas.
8. The building envelope of claim 1, wherein the at least two functions of the multifunctional glass element are arranged in overlapping areas.
9. The building envelope of claim 1, wherein the multifunctional glass element comprises an openable window or a folding-sliding element.
10. The building envelope of claim 1, wherein the multifunctional glass element has smaller dimensions than a glass element arranged outside on a front of the curtain wall.
11. The building envelope of claim 1, further comprising an integrated sun protection provided as a separate sun protection element or as a switchable layer in an outer glass element on a front of the curtain wall.
12. The building envelope of claim 1, wherein the multifunctional glass element is arranged on the room side at a distance between 50 mm and 500 mm from an adjacent inner wall of the building envelope.
13. The building envelope of claim 12, wherein the multifunctional glass element extends over a full room height.
14. The building envelope of claim 13, the multifunctional glass element extends over a full width of a room.
15. A building envelope comprising a curtain wall having a frame construction with a plurality of glass elements arranged at a distance from each other in a heat flow direction, and a multifunctional glass element fixed to the curtain wall provided in addition to the glass elements of the curtain wall and arranged on a room side behind a main heat-insulating plane of the curtain wall, wherein the multifunctional glass element is slidable in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction while fixed to the curtain wall; and wherein the multifunctional glass element has at least two functions selected from the group consisting of: (A) anti-glare protection comprising modifiable or switchable layers; (B) heating capacity in sections; (C) integrated LEDs as room lighting; (D) an information system as a screen in sections; (E) at least two integrated cameras; and (F) at least two integrated loudspeakers.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
(1) Hereinafter, the invention will be described, purely by way of example, by means of the enclosed figures, with
(2) FIG. 1 showing a vertical section through a unitized front;
(3) FIG. 2 showing a vertical section through a post and beam front;
(4) FIG. 3a
(5) to
(6) FIG. 3d showing various possible arrangements of four functions each on a multifunctional glass element;
(7) FIG. 4 showing a horizontal section through a unitized front;
(8) FIG. 5 showing a horizontal section through a post and beam front;
(9) FIG. 6 showing the possible arrangement of anti-glare protection in a multifunctional glass element;
(10) FIG. 7 showing the possible arrangement of the heating capacity function in a multifunctional glass element;
(11) FIG. 8
(12) and
(13) FIG. 9 showing possible arrangements of the functions of the configuration as room lighting of the multifunctional glass element;
(14) FIG. 10 showing the possible arrangement of several different functions on a multifunctional glass element;
(15) FIG. 11 showing a further variant of a multifunctional glass element with the spatial arrangement of four functions;
(16) FIG. 12 showing the slidable arrangement of a multifunctional glass element; and
(17) FIG. 13 showing a side view of the front shown in FIG. 12.
WAYS OF IMPLEMENTING THE INVENTION
(18) In the following figures, the same elements will be designated with the same reference numbers.
(19) FIG. 1 shows a schematic vertical section through a building envelope according to the invention with a unitized front. As can be seen, the glazing 10 of the unitized front is provided as triple glazing with the individual glass elements 10a, 10b and 10c. The glass elements are firmly premounted in a framework 20 and fixed to the building shell 30 during construction. In the vertical sectional view shown, a transparent zone T and an opaque zone O are apparent. The main heat-insulating plane HWDE is located in the area of the glass elements 10a, 10b and 10c arranged at a distance from each other in the heat flow direction W. The main heat-insulating plane permanently separates the outdoor climate and the indoor climate from each other. In the present case, the main heat-insulating plane consists of the heat-insulated frame profiles and the infills in the form of insulating glasses and heat-insulated panels, which are integrated therein. The glass element 11c is configured as a multifunctional glass element, as will be explained in detail below by means of numerous examples.
(20) The variants of providing a sun protection, which are also shown in FIG. 1, will be explained below by means of FIG. 2.
(21) FIG. 2 shows a vertical section through a building envelope according to the invention with a post and beam front which differs from the unitized front according to FIG. 1 in that the assembly of the curtain wall from post and beam profiles as well as the insertion and fixing of the infill elements 10 is carried out on the construction site. For this purpose, the beams 22 are fixed to posts and, after the post and beam frame has been created, the glass elements 10 are inserted. As in the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the glass elements 10 again consist of triple glazing with the individual glass panes 10a, 10b and 10c. On the inside of the front is a multifunctional glass element 11.
(22) Located on the inside of the front with respect to the main heat-insulating plane is the multifunctional glass element 11 described in more detail below.
(23) In addition, the post and beam front according to FIG. 2 is provided with a sun protection. This can be configured either in the form of a sun protection 40 arranged on the outside of the front, for example in the form of motor-adjustable lamellas, or in the form of an internal sun protection 42 arranged in the intermediate space between the glasses. Alternatively (not shown), however, the outer glass 10a can also be configured such that it has a switchable layer.
(24) FIGS. 3a to 3d show various possibilities of how the multifunctional glass element can be configured. In conformity with the designation in claim 1, the functionalities are designated as A to D.
(25) In the embodiment according to FIG. 3a, four separate functionalities are provided. These are the anti-glare protection A by the glass, the heating capacity B of the glass, the configuration with integrated LEDs as room lighting C as well as the configuration of the multifunctional glass element as an information system D by providing a screen.
(26) The glass panes with the anti-glare protection, the lighting and the information system are slidable in the vertical direction V. The glass pane with the heating capacity B is preferably horizontally slidable, so that in times when room heating is not necessary, it can be slided into an area where the corresponding glass pane is not visually disturbing. Preferably, each pane can be moved separately, so that, for example, the room lighting or the screen can be brought into the desired position separately.
(27) In the embodiment according to FIG. 3b, the functionalities A, C and D, i.e. the anti-glare protection A, the lighting C and the information system D are integrated in a multifunctional glass element with a single glass pane 11a which is configured as multiple laminated glass, for example. The lighting C is arranged at an upper edge of the multifunctional glass element above the anti-glare protection, whereas the information system D in the form of a screen is located in a central section of the anti-glare protection. The functionality of heating B is provided in a separate pane 11b. Due to the suitable arrangement of the functionalities in accordance with the usual requirements, there is no need for a separate slidability of the individual panes in the embodiment according to FIG. 3b; however, a vertical and/or horizontal slidability is also possible in the embodiment according to FIG. 3b.
(28) In the embodiment example according to FIG. 3c, the functions A, B, C and D are arranged in a single glass pane 11a. In this respect, the anti-glare protection A is located in a central main surface of the multifunctional glass element, and the integrated LEDs as room lighting C are arranged laterally with respect to A in the form of a vertically arranged edge around the centrally arranged anti-glare protection A. As is already the case with the embodiments according to FIGS. 3a and 3b, the screen as information system D is arranged in the central section of the anti-glare protection A. The functional layer with the functionality of heating capacity B follows below the area with the anti-glare protection A.
(29) In the embodiment according to FIG. 3d, all functionalities A, B, C, D, E, F are integrated into the multifunctional glass element. In addition to the anti-glare protection A, the heating capacity B arranged separately below the other functions, the lighting C and the information system D, one or more integrated cameras E as well as one or more integrated loudspeakers F are thus also provided. Also in this embodiment, the heatable glass B can be accommodated below the anti-glare protection A by the glass in a separate pane should a separate positioning of the pane with the heating capacity be desired. In the embodiment according to FIG. 3d, the information system D is also divided into two sections. In addition to the information system D in the form of a screen, which is arranged in the central area of the anti-glare protection, a media strip D2 is also provided in the upper area.
(30) FIGS. 4 and 5 each show horizontal sections through the unitized front (FIG. 4) as well as the post and beam front (FIG. 5), the vertical sections of which have already been shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 5 shows the posts 24 of the front, the center-to-center distance of which is arbitrary, but which are preferably arranged at a distance between 1 m and 5 m from each other. The same applies to the dimensions of the individual elements of the unitized front with the frame 20 and the glazing 10. Also shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 are in turn an external sun protection 42 as well as a sun protection 42 arranged at a distance between the glass elements 10a and 10b. A multifunctional glass element 11 is arranged in each case towards the inside of the room behind the main heat-insulating plane HWDE of the front.
(31) FIG. 6 shows a multifunctional glass element 11 in which the anti-glare protection B illustrated by means of a hatched area is located only in a central position of the multifunctional glass element 11. This represents the preferred position since in the upper area of the pane a sufficient amount of light can reach the interior of the building, while at the same time anti-glare protection is ensured in the area of interest for living or working purposes when people are standing or sitting in the room. Further functionalities of the multifunctional glass element 11 according to FIG. 6 were not included since it is only the preferred arrangement of the anti-glare protection that matters.
(32) Also in the illustration according to FIG. 7, additional functionalities and their arrangement in addition to the heating capacity B were not included. The heatable area B is preferably located in the vertical direction at the bottom of the multifunctional glass element 11, so that cold air on the inside of the multifunctional glass element arranged towards the inside of the room is heated by the heated air rising upwards and is prevented from forming a cold layer on the floor of the room, which is perceived as uncomfortable.
(33) The illustration according to FIG. 8 also focused only on one possible arrangement of the functionality as room lighting C with individual LEDs 50. In this respect, the LEDs 50 were only illustrated schematically and significantly enlarged as compared to the dimensions of a common multifunctional glass element 11. Many conceivable positions are possible for arranging the room lighting C, but the arrangement of LEDs as room lighting at the top of the multifunctional glass element 11 as well as the arrangement according to FIG. 9 in the form of a completely or partially surrounding frame are conceivable arrangements. Also in the illustration according to FIGS. 8 and 9, further functionalities and their placement relative to the room lighting C were not included.
(34) In the embodiment according to FIG. 10, the functionalities of anti-glare protection A, heating capacity B as well as room lighting C by means of individual LEDs 50, which are described individually in the previous embodiments, are shown in combination. In addition to a preferably centrally arranged anti-glare protection area A as well as an area B preferably arranged at the bottom, which is heatable, the LEDs 50 are shown as room lighting C in the form of a frame which is located in the upper area of the multifunctional glass element 11.
(35) In the embodiment according to FIG. 11, further functionalities are provided. In addition to anti-glare protection A centrally arranged on the multifunctional glass element 11, a heatable area B is provided in the lower area and adjacent to the anti-glare protection area A. Similar to the illustration according to FIG. 8, room lighting C with LEDs 50 is provided at the upper edge of the multifunctional glass element 11. Moreover, an information system D is provided, which is provided as a screen in the central area and overlaps with the area of the anti-glare protection A. In addition to this information system D, a further area D2 is provided which is arranged below the room lighting C and above the anti-glare protection A and which can also be used as an information system.
(36) Some of the individual areas can be controlled automatically, such as the anti-glare protection A or the heating B, or they can be controlled via a suitable medium. This can be done in the form of a remote control, for example, but also with the aid of a suitable app, so that authorized persons or groups of persons can control the room lighting C or one or more information systems D, D2 via their smartphone. For this purpose, the multifunctional glass element is provided with a suitable sensor technology which, for example, detects the lighting situation, the presence of people in the room via a motion sensor, or also the room temperature by means of suitable temperature sensors.
(37) FIG. 12 shows how a multifunctional glass element, when viewed from the inside of the room, can be arranged relative to the glass element 10 of the curtain wall and provided so as to be slidable in the vertical direction V. The provision of suitable and preferably self-locking sliding means and rail constructions is at the discretion of the person skilled in the art who is familiar with various sliding solutions in the field of window technology.
(38) FIG. 13 shows a vertical section through the building envelope according to the invention as shown in FIG. 12. The glass element 10 can comprise an openable element 13. The multifunctional glass element 11, which can comprise several individual glass panes according to the illustration in FIG. 3a, for example, is preferably arranged at a distance a between 50 mm and 500 mm from the glass element 10 and can also be configured as an openable window or as a folding-sliding element.
(39) All the embodiments shown have in common that the multifunctional glass element combines various functions and is slidable in its horizontal and/or vertical direction. In principle, all functions of the glasses can be activated differently, such as LEDs that can be adjusted differently. Consequently, the multifunctional glass element contains several functions at the same time beyond the pure function of a glass pane, wherein the multifunctional glass element is always directed towards the inside of the room and arranged behind the main heat-insulating plane of the building envelope.
(40) According to a further embodiment which is not a subject matter of the invention, the glass pane on the inside of the front is configured as a multifunctional glass element which can have all the properties described herein.
