Abstract
An improved posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens (PCP-IOL) having a haptic with a collar, self-adjusting struts, and lens is disclosed. Haptic or lens of the PCP-IOL may include a protected orifice. A disclosed PCP-IOL may be configured to fit anatomy of varying sizes, and may be self-centering; additionally, a PCP-IOL as set forth herein may allow peripheral aqueous flow between anterior and posterior chambers of a patient's eye.
Claims
1. An intraocular medical device having an anterior surface and a posterior surface, the intraocular medical device comprising: a haptic body having a strut and an anteriorly elevated collar; a lens secured to the haptic body; and the collar extends anteriorly beyond the lens; and a passageway extending between the anterior surface and the posterior surface; wherein the elevated collar is capable of creating a tented region over the passageway when an eye's iris passes over said collar, allowing the iris to extend over the passageway without clogging, obstructing, occluding or interfering with the passageway; wherein: the lens is surrounded by the haptic body and its collar; the tented region has a thickness along an optical axis that is greater than a length of the passageway between the anterior and posterior surfaces; and aqueous flow is permitted through the passageway.
2. The intraocular medical device of claim 1, wherein the passageway extends through the collar or through the lens.
3. The intraocular medical device of claim 2, wherein the passageway extends through the collar.
4. The intraocular medical device of claim 3, wherein the collar forms a crescent having tapered ends.
5. The intraocular medical device of claim 4, wherein the passageway has an elongate cross section.
6. The intraocular medical device of claim 5, wherein the lens is a positive meniscus or a negative meniscus.
7. The intraocular medical device of claim 6, wherein the lens is the positive meniscus.
8. The intraocular medical device of claim 6, wherein the lens is the negative meniscus.
9. The intraocular medical device of claim 1, wherein the passageway extends through the lens.
10. The intraocular medical device of claim 9, wherein the passageway is positioned beside the collar.
11. The intraocular medical device of claim 10, wherein the collar forms a crescent having tapered ends.
12. The intraocular medical device of claim 11, wherein the passageway is crescent shaped and is positioned beside the collar.
13. The intraocular medical device of claim 12, wherein the lens is a positive meniscus or a negative meniscus.
14. The intraocular medical device of claim 13, wherein the lens is the positive meniscus.
15. The intraocular medical device of claim 13, wherein the lens is the negative meniscus.
16. The intraocular medical device of claim 9, wherein the strut is adjustable through a distance between about 5 microns and about 3000 microns relative to the haptic body.
17. The intraocular medical device of claim 1, wherein the collar further protects the passageway from obstruction when an eye pupil is dilated.
18. An intraocular medical device having an anterior surface and a posterior surface, the intraocular medical device comprising: a haptic body having a strut and an elevated collar; a lens secured to the haptic body; and a passageway extending between the anterior surface and the posterior surface; wherein: the elevated collar is capable of creating a tented region over the passageway when an eye's iris passes over said collar, allowing the iris to extend over the passageway without clogging, obstructing, occluding or interfering with the passageway; the collar has a portion extending over the passageway radially inward toward the center of the lens; the tented region has a thickness along an optical axis that is greater than a length of the passageway between the anterior and posterior surfaces; and aqueous flow is permitted through the passageway.
19. The intraocular medical device according to claim 18, wherein the passageway extends through the lens.
20. The intraocular medical device according to claim 18, wherein the collar further protects the passageway from obstruction when an eye pupil is dilated.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES
(1) FIG. 1 is a front view showing a meniscus lens of a PCP-IOL in accordance with one embodiment.
(2) FIG. 2 is a top view of the PCP-IOL of FIG. 1.
(3) FIG. 3 is a top view cut of the PCP-IOL of FIG. 1.
(4) FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the PCP-IOL of FIG. 1.
(5) FIG. 5 is a front view of a PCP-IOL with a biconcave lens in accordance with one embodiment.
(6) FIG. 6 is a side view cut of the PCP-IOL of FIG. 2.
(7) FIG. 7 is a side view cut of an eye with a PCP-IOL having a passage of the aqueous humor from the posterior chamber to the anterior chamber, and the tent produced by the iris and the PCP-IOLs ridged.
(8) FIG. 8 is a side view cut of an eye with an eyelid, demonstrating the light's projection through the lensal system of one embodiment.
(9) FIGS. 9-11 illustrate cross-sectional side views of several PCP-IOLs in accordance with disclosed embodiments.
(10) FIG. 12 is a side view of a PCP-IOL in accordance with an embodiment.
(11) FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional side view of a PCP-IOL in accordance with an embodiment.
(12) FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional side view of a PCP-IOL in accordance with an embodiment.
(13) FIG. 15 is a top view of a PCP-IOL in accordance with an embodiment.
(14) FIG. 16 is a side view of a PCP-IOL for use in correcting myopic conditions.
(15) FIG. 17 is a side view of a PCP-IOL in accordance with an embodiment.
(16) FIG. 18 is a perspective top view of a PCP-IOL in accordance with an embodiment.
(17) FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional side view of the PCP-IOL of FIG. 18 taken along an axis A-A.
(18) FIG. 20 is a top view of a prior art PCP-IOL that is undersized relative to a patient's ciliary sulcus.
(19) FIG. 21 illustrates a cross-sectional lateral view of a prior art PCP-IOL that is undersized relative to a patient's eye, and in near or actual contact with the patient's natural lens.
(20) FIG. 22 is a top view of a prior art PCP-IOL that is oversized relative to a patient's ciliary sulcus.
(21) FIG. 23 illustrates a cross-sectional lateral view of a hyper-vaulting prior art PCP-IOL that is oversized relative to a patient's eye.
(22) FIG. 24 illustrates a top view of a PCP-IOL in accordance with an embodiment relative to a patient's ciliary sulcus.
(23) FIG. 25 illustrates a cross-sectional lateral view of a PCP-IOL in accordance with an embodiment relative to a patient's eye.
(24) FIG. 26 is a top view of a PCP-IOL in accordance with an embodiment having self-adjusting struts.
(25) FIG. 27 is a top view of a PCP-IOL in accordance with an embodiment having self-adjusting struts.
(26) FIG. 28 is a top view of a PCP-IOL in accordance with an embodiment having self-adjusting struts.
(27) FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional perspective bottom view of a PCP-IOL having passages permitting aqueous flow between the anterior and posterior chambers of a patient's eye.
(28) FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional perspective front view of a PCP-IOL having passages permitting aqueous flow between the anterior and posterior chambers of a patient's eye.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
(29) The following detailed description and the appended drawings describe and illustrate some implementations for the purpose of enabling one of ordinary skill in the relevant art to make and use these implementations. As such, the detailed description and drawings are purely illustrative in nature and are in no way intended to limit the scope of the disclosure in any manner. It should also be understood that the drawings are not necessarily to scale and in certain instances details, which are not necessary for an understanding of the disclosure, may have been omitted, such as details of fabrication and assembly.
(30) In general, FIGS. 1-19 and 24-30 illustrate a posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens (PCP-IOL) 10 that adapts to an eye's anatomy to facilitate correction and treatment of ametropia and presbyopia, for example, or to ameliorate or minimize the effects of other eye disorders or vision deficiencies. In some embodiments, PCP-IOL 10 has a haptic 12, a central lens 11 and an orifice 16 between an anterior surface and a posterior surface of PCP-IOL 10. As illustrated in FIG. 1, haptic 12 may comprise an elevated collar 14, wings 26, radially-elastic, adaptable struts 27a-d, and a central lens 11. A peripheral orifice 16 (defining an opening or passage between an anterior surface and a posterior surface of PCP-IOL 10) may be positioned proximate collar 14 and may be generally operative to allow aqueous flow either through lens 11 (e.g., FIGS. 1, 4, and 15) or collar 14 itself (e.g., FIGS. 5, 6, 24, 27, 29). Lens 11 may be secured to the structure of haptic 12 in any of various ways generally known in the art; in that regard, the term secured in this context is intended to refer to any suitable technology or method operative to secure, fixedly attach, integrate, or otherwise to fuse or join lens 11 with haptic 12 consistent with their interoperability as are known in the art or developed in accordance with known principles.
(31) Referring to FIG. 7, orifice 16 may permit aqueous flow (depicted by arrows 32) between the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye, while collar 14 protects the opening of orifice 16 by deflecting iris 19 away from orifice 16. This deflection may serve to prevent iris 19 from occluding, obstructing, sealing or otherwise adhering to orifice 16 in a way that dangerously limits aqueous flow between the anterior and posterior chambers when the pupil is constricted. Struts 27 facilitate sizing of PCP-IOL 10 to the size of a patient's ciliary sulcus. Struts 27 may also function dynamically to position PCP-IOL 10, and in particular, to center lens 11, relative to a patient's natural lens.
(32) FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of haptic 12, which forms a platform for PCP-IOL 10. Haptic 12 is formed from any suitable flexible, biocompatible material (which has appropriate or desired optical qualities or lensing characteristics) that will be known to those of skill in the pertinent art. The surface of haptic 12 (and in particular, the surface of collar 14 that is in contact with iris 19) is preferably substantially smooth and curvilinear in order to preserve the pigmentation by avoiding a rough rubbing of iris 19 by haptic 12, in general, and collar 14, in particular. The shape and flexibility of PCP-IOL 10 allows it to be folded and unfolded by a physician to permit implantation in an eye.
(33) Haptic 12 includes lateral wings 26 and elastic struts 27a-d spaced apart from wings 26. Struts 27a-d of haptic 12 may be provided in different sizes, some being relatively shorter (FIG. 26) or relatively longer (FIG. 28) than others. Additionally or alternatively, struts 27a-d may be diverging (FIG. 26) or converging (FIG. 27). The radial elasticity of struts 27a-d permits flexing of the struts 27a-d in a way that reduces the exterior size of PCP-IOL 10, as shown in FIGS. 24 and 25. As shown in FIGS. 26-27, the radial elasticity of struts 27a-d results in a range of motion (represented by the angle indicated at reference numeral 44). Struts 27a-d therefore provide significant tolerance or adaptability in use. In some embodiments, struts 27a-d allow adjustment between about 5 microns and about 3000 microns. Such tolerance facilitates achieving a preferred 0.3 mm-0.8 mm space or gap (known as vaulting) between lens 11 and an eye's natural lens even when there are differences between the predicted and actual size of the ciliary sulcus 25. Struts 27a-d also act to center and position lens 11 relative to the natural lens. Struts 27 can be provided at an angle between 0 degrees and 90 degrees relative to haptic 12. It is noted that the particular size, shape, orientation, and range of motion 44 of struts 27a-d may vary in accordance with eye anatomy, material selection, governmental or health code regulations, or a combination of these and other factors. The present disclosure is not intended to be limited by any particular configuration of struts 27a-d.
(34) As best illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 3, haptic 12 may further include an elevated collar 14 forming a curved wall. The ends and surface of collar 14 may be smoothly sloped, curved, or graded into the structure of haptic 12, as illustrated in the embodiments of FIGS. 1, 5, and 9-11. Such sloping allows collar 14 gently to bias or direct iris 19 away from orifice 16 without causing depigmentation. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 7, when the pupil is constricted, collar 14 protects orifice 16 from penetration by iris 19. That is, as the posterior surface of iris 19 slides over collar 14, the elevation of collar 14 (as compared to other portions of haptic 12) creates a natural chamber or tented region, allowing iris 19 to extend past orifice 16 without clogging, obstructing, occluding, or otherwise interfering with same. Because iris 19 passes over, but does not penetrate or directly obstruct orifice 16, it does not create a seal over orifice 16 or adhere to it. In some implementations, collar 14 also protects orifice 16 from obstruction when the pupil is dilated as shown in FIG. 8. This allows flow of aqueous at all times.
(35) Collar 14 may be a circumferential collar, or ring, that extends around all or substantially all of the circumference of lens 11 as shown in FIG. 15, for example. In alternative embodiments, collar 14 may be implemented as a partial collar that extends around some portion of lens 11. FIG. 1, for example, illustrates an embodiment having an asymmetrical partial collar 14 in a superior portion of PCP-IOL 10. As yet another alternative, collar 14 may be formed as an elevation or bulge, as shown in FIG. 18. In still other embodiments, collar 14 may be positioned laterally beside lens 11.
(36) Orifice 16 may be provided through lens 11 as a slit, hole, or other suitable passageway; it is noted that it may be desirable in some embodiments to implement orifice 16 as a series or plurality of holes, slits, passageways, or perforations. By way of example, FIGS. 1, 4, 15, and 27 illustrate orifice 16 as a slit or crescent or U-shaped opening through lens 11. Alternatively, orifice 16 may be provided through haptic 12, and more specifically, through a wall at the intersection of haptic 12 and lens 11 (see FIG. 3). For example, FIGS. 5, 18, and 24 show orifice 16 as a passageway through haptic 12. As noted above, multiple orifices may be provided in lens 11; alternatively, an orifice 16 (or more than one) may be provided in both lens 11 and haptic 12. Various configurations are contemplated, and the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to any particular location or configuration of a single instance or multiple instances of orifice 16.
(37) Referring to FIG. 8, a superior location of orifice 16 may limit usual dysphotopsic effects because orifice 16 is concealed under the eyelid's shadow cone. That is, certain strategic positioning of orifice 16 may limit unwanted light scattering or dazzling effects in some instances because light rays 23 entering the eye are substantially or entirely blocked by the natural position of the open eyelid 21. Further, when the pupil is constricted, iris 19 may fully block light from entering orifice 16.
(38) FIG. 3 shows that the elevation (or height) 15 of a ridge associated with collar 14, in order to create a tent above an anterior surface 17 of lens 11 proximal to orifice 16, is such that it can create a greater unevenness 24 between a transition zone 13 and lens 11, depending on the dioptric power and shape of the lens 11. The unevenness 24 may be provided with smooth or rounded sides in order to achieve a soft rubbing with low friction against iris 19. In the foregoing manner, it is possible to enable aqueous humor to flow through orifice 16 in the tented region.
(39) Some embodiments may be adapted for use with a lens having a positive (+) meniscus. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, for a convex lens 11, a periphery of lens 11 can be positioned in a posterior plane 37. That is, lens 11 is sunken or recessed in haptic 12. This is because the pupil contracts and iris 19 gets closer to the highest elevation area of lens 11. This elevation area is preferably at the same or at a lower level of collar 14 to produce the tenting effect discussed above. As noted above, PCP-IOL 10 is generally manufactured of biocompatible materials and comprises a lens component (lens 11), a two-zone haptic component (comprising haptic 12 and collar 14), and a transitional area between these two parts (such as represented by reference numerals 24 and 13 in FIG. 3).
(40) Alternative embodiments may be adapted for use in connection with lenses having a negative () biconcave surface. As shown in FIG. 6, where there is a thinning in the central area of lens 11 (i.e., the lens is positioned lower with respect to its boundary) the periphery of lens 11 may be located in a continuous mode regarding the anterior part of haptic 12.
(41) The descriptions set forth above are meant to be illustrative and not limiting. Various modifications, in addition to those described herein, will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description. Such modifications are also intended to fall within the scope of the concepts described herein. Each patent, patent application and publication cited or described in this document are hereby incorporated herein by reference, in their entireties.
(42) The foregoing description of possible implementations consistent with the present disclosure does not represent a comprehensive list of all such implementations or all variations of the implementations described. The description of one implementation should not be construed as an intent to exclude other implementations. For example, artisans will understand how to implement the illustrative examples in many other ways, using equivalents and alternatives that do not depart from the scope of the disclosure. Moreover, unless indicated to the contrary in the preceding description, none of the components described in the implementations are essential to the arrangements disclosed. It is thus intended that the disclosed embodiments be considered as illustrative, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
