DESALINATION METHOD OF ION MICRO-NANO SIEVING FOR AGRICULTURAL WATER

Abstract

Disclosed is a desalination method of ion micro-nano sieving for agricultural water in the field of water purification. By constructing a desalting membrane with a composite water channel, through the identification of ion diameter and charge, with fluid dynamics and micro-nano flow theory, the targeted passage of water and salt is realized, and cations like sodium, calcium, magnesium, and anions like chlorine, sulfate, bicarbonate in saline-alkali water are effectively removed, which achieves forward hydrodynamic desalination.

Claims

1. A desalination method of ion micro-nano sieving for agricultural water, comprising the following steps: S1targeted purification: providing a desalting membrane with a composite tube cavity structure, formed by carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide and carbon silicide materials; wherein a composite water channel is established through the realization of a targeted passage of water and salt based on ion diameter and charge identification, which effectively removes anions in saline-alkali water; and organic macromolecules are trapped on the surface of the water channel, thus realizing the separation of organic matter; S2low-pressure desalination: installing the desalting membrane with the composite water channel in a desalting main body equipment, and the forward hydrodynamic desalting is realized by constructing the composite water channel.

2. The desalination method of ion micro-nano sieving for agricultural water according to claim 1, wherein the desalination membrane comprises a composite base membrane and a graphene oxide active layer attached to the outer surface of the composite base membrane, wherein the composite base membrane comprises a plurality of densely arranged tube cavity structures, and the tube cavity structures are constructed by carbon nanotubes and carbon silicide.

3. The desalination method of ion micro-nano sieving for agricultural water according to claim 1, wherein an inner diameter of the tube cavity structure is 0.4-0.5 nm, and the tube cavity structure is configured as the established composite water channel.

4. The desalination method of ion micro-nano sieving for agricultural water according to claim 1, wherein, during desalination, the desalting membrane is firstly embedded into a protection ring, and then installed into the desalting main body for desalting operation.

5. The desalination method of ion micro-nano sieving for agricultural water according to claim 4, wherein a reverse-thrust unmovable plate and a reverse-thrust movable plate are fixedly installed in the protection ring, the desalting membrane, the reverse-thrust movable plate and the reverse-thrust unmovable plate are sequentially arranged along the direction of water flow, and a water collecting annular groove is provided at an end of the protection ring proximate to the desalting membrane, and a plurality of long water diversion holes, which are all communicated with the reverse-thrust movable plate, are provided on the inner wall of the water collecting annular groove.

6. The desalination method of ion micro-nano sieving for agricultural water according to claim 5, wherein the reverse-thrust unmovable plate comprises a fixed magnetic plate and a plurality of connecting rods fixedly connected between a periphery of the fixed magnetic plate and an inner wall of the protection ring; the reverse-thrust movable plate comprises a protective sheet and a plurality of elastic tubes fixedly connected between a periphery of the protective sheet and the inner wall of the protection ring; the plurality of elastic tubes respectively corresponds to and communicated with the plurality of long water diversion holes; and the desalting membrane, the protective sheet and the fixed magnetic plate are coaxially arranged.

7. The desalination method of ion micro-nano sieving for agricultural water according to claim 6, wherein the protective sheet comprises a variable magnetic layer connected with the elastic tubes and an air cushion capsule fixedly connected at an end of the variable magnetic layer proximate to the desalting membrane, and the air cushion capsule is filled with air in a saturated way, and the air cushion capsule is configured as an elastic sealing structure.

8. The desalination method of ion micro-nano sieving for agricultural water according to claim 7, wherein the end of the elastic tubes fixedly penetrates through the variable magnetic layer and is flush with an inner wall of the variable magnetic layer, and the mouths of the plurality of elastic tubes located in the variable magnetic layer are fixedly connected with hydrodynamic magnetic blocks each comprising a position control balloon fixedly connected to the mouth of the elastic tubes, a hydrodynamic plate fixedly connected to an end of the position control balloon and a position control rope fixedly connected between the hydrodynamic plate and a side wall of the elastic tubes.

9. The desalination method of ion micro-nano sieving for agricultural water according to claim 8, wherein the position control balloon is configured as a flexible sealing structure, when the hydrodynamic plate is located at the mouth of the elastic tubes, the position control rope is in a stretched state; the hydrodynamic plate can be spliced into a complete ring; and when the hydrodynamic plate form the ring, the position control balloon is just in a completely stretched state.

10. The desalination method of ion micro-nano sieving for agricultural water according to claim 9, wherein the diameter of the fixed magnetic plate is smaller than that of the protective sheet, and when the position control rope is in a stretched state, the plurality of hydrodynamic plates are located outside the fixed magnetic plate, and the ends of the hydrodynamic plate and the fixed magnetic plate that are close to each other repel each other.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the transfer of water molecules and salt ions on a composite water channel according to the present disclosure;

[0021] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the microstructure of the composite water channel according to the present disclosure;

[0022] FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the cross section of the desalting membrane when it is installed in the protection ring according to the present disclosure;

[0023] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure on the left side when the desalting membrane is installed in the protection ring according to the present disclosure;

[0024] FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure from the right side when the desalting membrane is installed in the protection ring according to the present disclosure;

[0025] FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the desalting membrane when it is deformed under the action of water pressure according to the present disclosure;

[0026] FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the desalting membrane when it is directly installed in the desalting main body equipment due to water pressure deformation according to the present disclosure;

[0027] FIG. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the cross section of the reverse-thrust movable plate according to the present disclosure;

[0028] FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram when the hydrodynamic plates in the reverse-thrust movable plate are mutually enclosed in a ring shape according to the present disclosure.

[0029] In which: [0030] 1 protection ring; [0031] 11 water collecting annular groove; [0032] 12 long water diversion holes; [0033] 2 desalting membrane; [0034] 3 reverse-thrust movable plate; [0035] 31 protective sheet; [0036] 311 variable magnetic layer; [0037] 312 air cushion capsule; [0038] 32 elastic tube; [0039] 41 fixed magnetic plate; [0040] 42 connecting rod; [0041] 51 hydrodynamic plate; [0042] 52 position control balloon; [0043] 53 position control rope.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical schemes in the embodiments of this disclosure will be described clearly and completely with the attached drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this disclosure, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments, obtained by those skilled in the art without paying creative labors, will fall into the scope of protection of this disclosure.

EXAMPLES

Example 1

[0045] The disclosure discloses a desalination method of ion micro-nano sieving for agricultural water. Referring to FIGS. 1-2, the method includes the following steps: [0046] Step onetargeted purification: a desalting membrane 2 with a multi-tube-cavity structure is formed by carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene oxide (GO), carbon silicide (SiC) and other materials, the inner diameter of the multi-cavity structure is 0.4-0.5 nm, and the multi-cavity structure is a composite water channel. Through the identification of ion diameter and charge, combined with the micro-nano flow theory of fluid dynamics, the targeted passage of water and salt is realized, and cations such as sodium, calcium and magnesium, anions such as chlorine, sulfate and bicarbonate in saline-alkali water are effectively removed. Meanwhile, organic macromolecules will be trapped on the surface of the water channel, thus realizing the separation of organic matter; and by adjusting the charge ratio, some ions (e.g. Ca.sup.2+, Mg.sup.2+) for crop growth can escape in a targeted way, thus improving the nutrient utilization rate;

[0047] Step twolow-pressure desalination: forward hydrodynamic desalination is realized by constructing the composite water channel. Compared with the traditional reverse osmosis technology, this technology does not need the reverse osmosis of water molecules into the water-producing layer of the membrane (by virtue of the high pressure formed by large booster equipment), and at the same time counteracts the forward osmosis potential of ions. The disclosure greatly reduces the operating pressure, reduces the damage and scaling to the membrane substrate, further reduces the requirements of the compression resistance of the equipment, reduces the purification cost, and is suitable for large-scale popularization in agriculture.

[0048] The desalting membrane 2 comprises a composite base membrane and a graphene oxide active layer attached to the outer surface of the composite base membrane, wherein the composite base membrane comprises a plurality of densely arranged tube cavity structures, and the tube cavity structures are constructed of carbon nanotubes and carbon silicide.

[0049] By constructing a desalting membrane with a composite water channel, through the identification of ion diameter and charge, combined with fluid dynamics and micro-nano flow theory, the targeted passage of water and salt can be realized, and cations such as sodium, calcium, magnesium, and anions such as chlorine, sulfate, and bicarbonate in saline-alkali water can be effectively removed, so as to achieve forward hydrodynamic desalting. Compared with the traditional reverse osmosis technology, this technology does not need to provide high pressure through large pressurization equipment to offset the forward osmotic potential of ions, so as to reversely permeate water molecules into the water-producing layer of the membrane. It can greatly reduce the operating pressure, reduce the damage and scaling on the membrane substrate, further reduce the requirements of the compression performance of the equipment, reduce the purification cost, and be suitable for large-scale popularization in agriculture.

Example 2

[0050] Referring to FIGS. 3-4, in the course of desalting, the desalting membrane 2 is first embedded into a protection ring 1, and then installed into the desalting main body for desalting operation. As shown in FIG. 5, a reverse-thrust unmovable plate and a reverse-thrust movable plate 3 are also fixedly installed in the protection ring 1. The desalting membrane 2, the reverse-thrust movable plate 3 and the reverse-thrust unmovable plate are arranged in sequence along the direction of water flow.

[0051] The end of the protection ring 1 near the desalting membrane 2 is provided with a water collecting annular groove 11, and the inner wall of the water collecting annular groove 11 is provided with a plurality of long water diversion holes 12, all of which are communicated with the reverse-thrust movable plate 3. With the arrangement of the reverse-thrust movable plate 3 and reverse-thrust unmovable plate, when water pressure acts on the desalting membrane 2 during the removal of saline-alkali anions in water, under the impact of water, the reverse-thrust unmovable plate generates repulsive force on the reverse-thrust movable plate 3, so that the reverse-thrust movable plate 3 moves towards a side of the desalting membrane 2. Hence, the deformation amplitude of the desalting membrane 2 under the impact of water is reduced, which effectively protects the desalting membrane 2 from damage. As shown in FIGS. 6-7, under the same water pressure, the deformation amount of the desalting membrane 2 in this disclosure is smaller than that when the desalting membrane 2 is directly installed in the desalting main body equipment, which further protects the desalting membrane 2.

[0052] In addition, it is worth noting that the distance between the desalting membrane 2 and the reverse-thrust movable plate 3 is consistent with the axial maximum deformable distance of the desalting membrane 2, so that when the desalting membrane 2 is deformed under the action of water pressure, the deformation range is always less than the maximum deformable distance, effectively protecting the desalting membrane 2 from being damaged due to excessive deformation.

[0053] The reverse-thrust unmovable plate comprises a fixed magnetic plate 41 and a plurality of connecting rods 42 fixedly connected between the periphery of the fixed magnetic plate 41 and the inner wall of the protection ring 1; the reverse-thrust movable plate 3 comprises a protective sheet 31 and a plurality of elastic tubes 32 fixedly connected between the periphery of the protective sheet 31 and the inner wall of the protection ring 1; the plurality of the elastic tubes 32 correspond to and communicate with the plurality of long water diversion holes 12 respectively; and the desalting membrane 2, the protective sheet 31 and the fixed magnetic plate 41 are coaxially arranged, so that the middle portions of the fixed magnetic plate 41, the protective sheet 31 and the desalting membrane 2 are correspond to each other; as shown in FIG. 6, during forward desalination, the magnetic repulsion force of the fixed magnetic plate 41 to the reverse-thrust movable plate 3 is not easy to shift, and after the reverse-thrust movable plate 3 is deformed towards the desalting membrane 2, it can generate a certain force on the middle portion of the desalting membrane 2 to effectively restrain its deformation and make the deformation range smaller, which appropriately increase the water flow rate during desalting, thus accelerating the desalting efficiency.

[0054] The protective sheet 31 includes a variable magnetic layer 311 connected with elastic tubes 32 and an air cushion capsule 312 fixedly connected to an end of the variable magnetic layer 311 proximate to the desalting membrane 2. The air cushion capsule 312 is saturated with air, and the air cushion capsule 312 is of an elastic sealing structure. As the air cushion capsule 312 is elastic as a whole, it is in flexible contact with the desalting membrane 2 when generating resistance to the desalting membrane 2, which is not easy to cause excessive damage to the desalting membrane 2.

[0055] As shown in FIG. 8, the ends of the elastic tubes 32 fixedly penetrate through the variable magnetic layer 311 and are flush with the inner wall of the variable magnetic layer 311, and hydrodynamic magnetic blocks are provided at openings of the variable magnetic layer 311 through which the plurality of elastic tubes 32 extend, the hydrodynamic magnetic block comprises a position control balloon 52 fixedly connected to the opening of the elastic tubes 32, a hydrodynamic plate 51 fixedly connected to the end of the position control balloon 52 and a position control rope 53 fixedly connected between the hydrodynamic plate 51 and the side wall of the elastic tubes 32. The hydrodynamic plate 51, when there is no water impact, is located at the opening of the variable magnetic layer 311 where the elastic tube 32 positions, and the plurality of hydrodynamic plates 51 are separated from each other, and are not within the range where the fixed magnetic plate 41 is facing, so that the reverse-thrust movable plate 3 is not easy to deform toward the desalting membrane 2. When the hydrodynamic plate 51 is located at the mouth of the elastic tube 32, the position control rope 53 is in a stretched state, so that when there is no water impact, the hydrodynamic plates 51 are relatively stable and the plurality of the hydrodynamic plates 51 are not easy to approach each other.

[0056] Referring to FIG. 9, the position control balloon 52 is a flexible sealing structure, and a plurality of hydrodynamic plates 51 can be spliced as a complete ring, and when the hydrodynamic plates 51 form a ring, the position control balloon 52 is just in a completely stretched state, so that the position control balloon 52 can limit the movable range of the hydrodynamic plates 51, and the gap between the corresponding distances between the plurality of hydrodynamic plates 51 and the center of the protective sheet 31 will not be too large, thus effectively ensuring the formation of the complete ring. When the diameter of the fixed magnetic plate 41 is smaller than that of the protective sheet 31, and the position control rope 53 is in a straight state, a plurality of hydrodynamic plates 51 are located outside the fixed magnetic plate 41, and the ends of the hydrodynamic plates 51 and the fixed magnetic plate 41 that are close to each other repel each other. During forward desalination, under the action of water flow velocity, part of the water is introduced into the long water diversion holes 12, and a squeezing force is generated on the hydrodynamic plates 51, so that the hydrodynamic plates 51 are close to each other and form a ring; at this time, they are facing the fixed magnetic plate 41, so that the fixed magnetic plate 41 pushes the middle part of the reverse-thrust movable plate 3 such that it deforms towards the desalting membrane 2, thereby effectively restraining the deformation amplitude of the desalting membrane 2 under the action of water flow and effectively improving the protection of the desalting membrane 2.

[0057] Based on embodiment 1, this embodiment adds a related protection structure for the desalting membrane 2. Under the specific arrangement of the above structure, compared with embodiment 1 in which the desalting membrane 2 is directly installed on desalting main body equipment, the deformation of desalting membrane 2 in this embodiment is smaller under the condition of the same water flow speed and the same water pressure, which greatly reduces the damage to desalting membrane 2 due to water pressure; meanwhile, within the deformation range of the desalting membrane 2, the water flow speed during desalting may be appropriately increased, thereby accelerating the desalting efficiency.

[0058] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully explaining the present disclosure, and the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or alterations made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present disclosure are all within the protection scope of the present disclosure.