Cutting machine with two guide plates for the guidance of blade and clamping bars

Abstract

A cutting machine with a cutting support for material to be cut has a vertically movable, horizontal blade bar which bears a blade for cutting the cut material located thereon. A vertically movable, horizontal clamping bar is for pushing down the material to be cut. Two guide plates are arranged adjacent to one another, spaced apart in parallel in the same vertical plane, and in each case said guide plates have an inclined linear slot in which the blade bar is guided, and on the front faces thereof facing one another in each case have a vertical guide on which the clamping bar is guided.

Claims

1. A cutting machine comprising: a cutting support for material to be cut; a vertically movable, horizontal blade bar which bears a blade for cutting the cut material located thereon; a vertically movable, horizontal clamping bar for pushing down the material to be cut; two vertically disposed guide plates which are arranged adjacent to one another and spaced apart in the same vertical plane, and which each have an inclined linear slot in which the blade bar is guided, and on a front face of each guide plate facing one another is a vertical guide on which the clamping bar is guided; wherein the blade bar is guided in the slots of the two guide plates by a guide unit which has an axle which is guided so as to be able to roll or slide in the slot; and wherein the guide unit has on both plate sides of the guide plate an axle carrier on which the axle is fastened; wherein the axle carrier has, above and below the slot, rolling elements which roll or slide outside on the respective plate side parallel to the slot; wherein the rolling elements are configured as rollers, which roll or slide outside on the plate side of the guide plate; and wherein roller axles of the rollers of those two axle carriers to which the blade bar is fastened are displaceably mounted in a direction at right angles to the vertical plane of the two guide plates by two rotatable eccentric sleeves, each roller being rotatably mounted on a respective rotatable eccentric sleeve, wherein rotation of the rotatable eccentric sleeves are configured to adjust the inclination of the blade and the gap distance between the blade and the clamping bar.

2. The cutting machine according to claim 1, wherein the axle of the guide unit has at least one roller which rolls or slides in the slot.

3. The cutting machine according to claim 1, wherein the two plate sides of the guide plates each have two raceways for the rolling elements, one raceway running to and above the slot and a second raceway running parallel and below the slot.

4. The cutting machine according to claim 1, wherein the axle of the axle carrier has at least one axle end which is fastened on the axle carrier by a spring which is supported at one end on the axle carrier and at the other end at the axle end.

5. The cutting machine according to claim 1, wherein the two guide plates each have a through-hole above or below the slot and the guide units have a connecting element, which penetrates the through-hole and connects together the two axle carriers of the guide unit.

6. The cutting machine according to claim 5, wherein the through-hole is formed by a second slot running parallel to the slot.

7. The cutting machine according to claim 5, wherein at least one of the two ends of the connecting element is fastened to the axle carrier by a spring which is supported at one end on the axle carrier and at the other end on the end of the connecting element.

8. The cutting machine according to claim 1, wherein the vertical guides of the clamping bar are each configured as a guide groove in which the clamping bar is guided.

9. The cutting machine according to claim 6, wherein at least one of the two ends of the connecting element is fastened to the axle carrier by a spring which is supported at one end on the axle carrier and at the other end on the end of the connecting element.

10. The cutting machine according to claim 1, wherein the rollers are radial deep groove ball bearings.

11. The cutting machine according to claim 2, wherein the rollers of the rolling element are radial deep groove ball bearings.

12. The cutting machine according to claim 5, wherein the connecting element is in the form of an axle.

13. A cutting machine, comprising: a cutting support for material to be cut; a vertically movable, horizontal blade bar which bears a blade for cutting the cut material located thereon; a vertically movable, horizontal clamping bar for pushing down the material to be cut; two vertically disposed guide plates which are arranged adjacent to one another and spaced apart in the same vertical plane, and which each have an inclined linear slot in which the blade bar is guided, and on a front face of each guide plate facing one another is a vertical guide on which the clamping bar is guided; wherein the blade bar is guided in the slots of the two guide plates by a guide unit which has an axle which is guided so as to be able to roll or slide in the slot; and wherein the guide unit has on both plate sides of the guide plate an axle carrier on which the axle is fastened; wherein the axle carrier has, above and below the slot, moving elements which roll or slide outside on the respective plate side parallel to the slot; wherein axles of the moving elements of those two axle carriers to which the blade bar is fastened are displaceably mounted in a direction at right angles to the vertical plane of the two guide plates by two rotatable eccentric sleeves, each moving element being mounted about its axle on a respective rotatable eccentric sleeve, wherein rotation of the rotatable eccentric sleeves are configured to adjust the inclination of the blade and the gap distance between the blade and the clamping bar.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The invention is shown in the drawings and is described in more detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment. In the drawings:

(2) FIGS. 1a, 1b show the cutting machine according to the invention with a vertically movable blade bar and a vertically movable clamping bar in a view from the front (FIG. 1a) and from the rear (FIG. 1b);

(3) FIG. 2 shows a guide plate shown in FIG. 1 with guides for the blade bar and the clamping bar;

(4) FIG. 3 shows a horizontal sectional view of a guide unit for the blade bar shown in FIG. 1;

(5) FIG. 4 shows a detailed view of the guide unit shown in FIG. 3; and

(6) FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of the cutting machine corresponding to V-V in FIG. 1a.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(7) The cutting machine 1 shown in FIGS. 1a, 1b comprises a cutting support 2 for material to be cut, a blade bar 3 which is vertically movable (in this case obliquely downwardly) and which bears a cutting blade 4 for cutting the cut material located thereon, a vertically movable clamping bar 5 for pushing down the material to be cut, as well as a cutting drive 6 for vertically moving the blade bar 3 and a pressing drive 7 for vertically moving the clamping bar 5. The two drives 6, 7 in each case may be manually actuated or electrically driven.

(8) The cutting machine 1 is designed in a sandwich construction and has a machine base body consisting of two vertical base plates 8 between which two lateral guide plates 9, preferably of the same construction, are fastened by means of screw connections. The two guide plates 9 are arranged in parallel adjacent to one another in the same vertical plane and have, as shown in detail in FIG. 2, in each case a first linear slot (elongated hole) 10, for example inclined at 45°, in which the blade bar 3 is guided and on the front faces thereof facing one another in each case have a vertical guide 11 in which the clamping bar 5 is guided. The guide plates 9 in each case also have below the first slot 10 a second inclined linear slot 12 (elongated hole) running parallel to the first slot 10.

(9) The blade bar 3 in each case is guided in the two first slots 10 by means of a guide unit 13. As shown in FIG. 3, the guide unit 13 has a first axle 14 penetrating the first slot 10 with a rolling bearing 15, which rolls in the slot guide 10, and a second axle 16 penetrating the second slot 12. On both plate sides 9a, 9b of the guide plate 9 the guide unit 13 in each case has an axle carrier 17a, 17b on which the axle ends of the first and second axles 14, 16 are fastened. In FIG. 1a, the blade bar 3 is fastened to the two front axle carriers 17a, and namely clamped by means of the first axle 13 and screwed on by means of a screw 18. The first and the second axle 14, 16 are supported at one end on the blade bar 3 or on the front axle carrier 17a and at the other end are supported on the rear axle carrier 17b by means of a spring assembly 19.

(10) The axle carriers 17 have above the first slot 10 and below the lower slot 12 in each case a roller 20 (for example in the form of a radial deep groove ball bearing) which rolls on the respective plate side 9a, 9b of the guide plate 9 parallel to the first slot 10, and namely on a raceway 21 machined in each case into the plate sides 9a, 9b. As shown in FIG. 4, the rollers 20 are rotatably mounted on an eccentric sleeve 22 which is screwed to an oblique surface 23 of the axle carrier 17 by means of a screw 24. As a result, it is possible to adjust the distance of the axle carriers 17 from the guide plate surface on which the rollers 20 bear. If this adjustment is not undertaken equally in each case with the upper and lower roller 20, this results in an angular change of the guide unit 13 relative to the guide plate 9 and thus an angular change to the desired perpendicular position of the blade 4 relative to the cut material and a desired gap distance X between the blade 4 and the clamping bar 5 (FIG. 5).

(11) So that the desired pulling cut is achieved at the desired angle, the downwardly acting force of the drive connecting rod acting on the blade bar 3 may be converted into a downwardly running movement of the blade bar corresponding to the desired angle (45°).

(12) The cutting drive 6 has a motor driven crank drive 25 in order to transmit a pulling force to a drive connecting rod 26 which in turn is connected to the blade bar 3. During the cutting process, a downwardly oriented pulling force acts via the crank drive 25 on the drive connecting rod 26 and thus on the blade bar 3. In order not to have to dimension the machine structure to be larger than is necessary for the required cutting function, a corresponding overload protection 27 is built in. This overload protection 27 is part of the drive connecting rod 26. If due to faulty operation or other reasons it leads to the abrupt blocking of the blade movement and thus to extreme load peaks in the entire machine structure, a replaceable safety part 28 is torn off or sheared off in a defined manner. This safety part 28 connects the two connecting rod halves, which in each case are connected at their end points to the blade bar 3 or the crank drive 25.

(13) The mechanics is also designed such that whilst the drive connecting rod 26 may move apart slightly and thus be lengthened after the response of the overload protection 27 and thus after the destruction of the safety part 28, it is not entirely detached and thus the blade 4 may return into its defined safe end position. As the drive connecting rod 26 may be lengthened when the safety part 28 is destroyed, the blocking of the blade has no further influence on the running movement cycle. The cutting drive 6 and thus the entire system continue to run without load after the response, until the crank drive 25, as intended, has moved the blade bar 3 back into the safe upper end position via the drive connecting rod 26. During the second half of the cutting cycle, i.e. in reverse mode into the end position, the drive connecting rod 26 is subjected to pressure rather than tension. In the pressure direction the connecting rod length, consisting of the detached connecting rod halves, is unchanged, even after the response of the overload protection 27, which means that in reverse mode the system behaves the same with and without the overload protection 27 responding.

(14) The response of the overload protection 27 and thus also the destroyed safety part 28 are designed to be identified immediately and not only with the next cutting cycle, by the cut material not being cut, since the drive connecting rod 26 is no longer able to transit any pulling forces. To this end, in the case of overload, parallel to the mechanical safety part 28 an electrical connection may be broken, said electrical connection for example being able to be implemented in the form of an electrical control part (for example printed circuit board) 29, and being destroyed in the manner of the safety part 28. As a result, a power circuit is interrupted, this signal change is identified by the machine controller immediately after the overload occurs, and after the completion of the running cutting cycle the machine may no longer permit any further cutting cycles. In order to set the machine back into the ready-for-operation state, the operator has to replace the destroyed safety part 28 and the also destroyed control part 29. In this case, the mechanical safety part 28 may also at the same time form the electrical control part 29. The electrical control may also be implemented by means of a switch, but very high functional reliability with at the same time low costs may be implemented by means of the mechanical destruction.

(15) The clamping bar 5 is designed to be lowered perpendicularly onto the cut material and to fix this cut material in the desired manner, so that a clean cut may then be carried out. To this end a downwardly oriented force acts on the clamping bar 5 which is provided via the pressing drive 7. This may take place, as in the present case, by a motor which pivots via a mechanical and/or hydraulic unit a synchronization shaft 30 about its longitudinal axis by a maximum of 180°. Extension arms 31 are attached to the ends of the synchronization shaft 30 and which at their outer end are connected in an articulated manner to connecting levers 32, which in turn are mounted in an articulated manner on the clamping bar 5. If the synchronization shaft 30 now rotates, the extension arms 31 pivot in the same manner about the longitudinal axis of the synchronization shaft 30. At the start of the pressing process the extension arms 31 and thus the clamping bar 5 are in an upper position. During the pressing process, the synchronization shaft 30 rotates such that the extension arms 31, and therewith the clamping bar 5 attached via the connecting levers 32, move into a lower position. The lowermost position is reached when the clamping bar 5 is located on the cut material or on the cutting support 2 when no such cut material is introduced. If a torque is now applied to the synchronization shaft 30, this is converted into the desired pressing force which acts on the cut material. In addition to the action of the clamping bar 5 with the required downwardly oriented force, this clamping bar has to be moved perpendicularly downwardly parallel to the blade bar 3. In this case, it is very important that this takes place at a very short distance X of the clamping bar 5 from the blade 4. The requirement therefor is due to the already mentioned problem of there being a potential risk of injury for the operator on the exposed blade edge when the distance is too great. Outside the actual cutting process, which is controlled in terms of safety technology, the blade edge thus has to be covered by the clamping bar 5 located directly behind. The protective effect, however, is only optimally deployed when the gap X between the clamping bar 5 and the blade 4 is very small and the clamping bar 5 also protrudes slightly downwardly over the blade edge. An exact perpendicular guidance is required for the correct pressing of the cut material, which should not be subjected to any transverse forces during the pressing process since this could lead to slippage of the cut material stack and thus to an undesired cutting result.

(16) Since the bearing of both the blade bar 3 and the clamping bar 5 is implemented via the same guide plates 9, there are no additional tolerances of further components to be considered, which could negatively influence the accurate guidance of the blade bar 3 and the clamping bar 5 and the distance thereof from one another.