DRIVABLE BUILDING STRUCTURE

Abstract

A drivable building structure is provided including a first partial construction and a second partial construction movable relative to the first. The first partial construction has a first substructure and a first roadway structure which forms a first drivable surface, and the second partial construction has a second substructure and a second roadway structure which forms a second drivable surface. An expansion joint is between the first substructure and the second. A bridging structure extends between the first roadway structure and the second. The bridging structure spans the expansion joint and has a support plate and an expansion body. The expansion body is supported by the support plate, is cast on site from casting compound, and forms a drivable surface. The expansion body casting compound is polymer-based. The expansion body has a multi-layer structure produced in successive casting operations, and at least two of the layers have different compositions.

Claims

1. A drivable building structure (1) having a first partial building structure (2.1; 2.1; 2.1) and a second partial building structure (2.2; 2.2; 2.2) drivable relative thereto, wherein the first partial building structure (2.1; 2.1; 2.1) comprises a first substructure (3.1; 3.1; 3.1) and a first roadway construction (4.1) forming a first drivable surface (5) and the second partial building structure (2.2; 2.2; 2.2) comprises a second substructure (3.2; 3.2; 3.2) and a second roadway construction (4.2) forming a second drivable surface (5), an expansion joint (7) is present between the first substructure (3.1; 3.1; 3.1) and the second substructure (3.2; 3.2; 3.2) and a bridging structure (9; 9; 9) spanning the expansion joint (7) and having a bracing plate (17; 17; 17) and an expansion body (10) braced thereby, cast in place from casting compound and forming a drivable surface (8) extends between the first roadway construction (4.1) and the second roadway construction (4.2), with the following features: the casting compound of the expansion body is polymer-based; the expansion body (10) has a multi-layered construction generated in several casting processes performed in succession; at least two of the layers (31, 32, 33) of the expansion body (10) have compositions differing from one another.

2. The drivable building structure of claim 1, wherein the casting compounds of the layers (31, 32, 33) of the expansion body (10) having different compositions are filled with different aggregates (Z).

3. The drivable building structure of claim 2, wherein the casting compounds of the layers (31, 32, 33) of the expansion body (10) having different compositions have a matching polymer base.

4. The drivable building structure of claim 2, wherein an aggregate (Z) of the uppermost layer (33) of the expansion body (10) forming the drivable surface (8) is provided with harder fillers than is an aggregate (Z) of a deeper layer (31, 32) of the expansion body (10).

5. The drivable building structure of claim 4, wherein the fillers of the uppermost layer (33) of the expansion body (10) comprise hard particles (e.g. corundum).

6. The drivable building structure of claim 5, wherein the uppermost layer (33) of the expansion body (10) consists at least up to 80 wt %, preferably at least up to 95 wt %, of polymer and hard particles.

7. The drivable building structure of claim 6, wherein the ratio by weight of hard particles to polymer is between 0.75 and 0.95, preferably between 0.8 and 0.9.

8. The drivable building structure of claim 4, wherein the fillers at least of one deeper layer (31, 32) of the expansion body comprise EPDM granules and/or rubber granules.

9. The drivable building structure of claim 8, wherein the deeper layer (31. 32) of the expansion body (10) containing EPDM granules and/or rubber granules as filler consists at least up to 80 wt %, preferably at least up to 95 wt % of polymer and EPDM and/or rubber granules.

10. The drivable building structure of claim 9, wherein the ratio by weight of the total of EPDM granules and rubber granules to polymer is between 0.15 and 0.35, preferably between 0.2 and 0.3.

11. The drivable building structure of claim 1, wherein the bridging structure has two base structures (13.1, 13.2; 13.1, 13.2; 13.1, 13.2) connected with the substructure (3.1, 3.2; 3.1, 3.2; 3.1, 3.2) of the respective partial building structure (2.1, 2.2; 2.1, 2.2; 2.1, 2.2), wherein the bracing plate (17; 17; 17) is received between portions (15) of the two base structures (13.1, 13.2; 13.1, 13.2; 13.1, 13.2) respectively forming a frame (16).

12. The drivable building structure of claim 11, wherein the upper edges of the frames (16) and the surfaces (18) of the base structures (13.1, 13.2; 13.1, 13.2; 13.1, 13.2) adjoining them are substantially at the same level as the surface (19) of the bracing plate (17; 17; 17).

13. The drivable building structure of claim 11, wherein the base structures (13.1, 13.2; 13.1, 13.2; 13.1, 13.2) are designed with a stepped configuration such that they have support portions extending under the bracing plate (17; 17; 17).

14. The drivable building structure of claim 11, wherein the base structures (13.1, 13.2; 13.1, 13.2; 13.1, 13.2) consist of polymer concrete.

15. The drivable building structure of claim 11, wherein retaining means for fixation of the expansion body (10) at its rims are mounted on the two base structures (13.1, 13.2; 13.1, 13.2; 13.1, 13.2).

16. The drivable building structure of claim 11, wherein at least one of the base structures (13.1) has a drivable surface (39).

17. The drivable building structure of claim 11, wherein the base structures (13.1, 13.2; 13.1, 13.2; 13.1, 13.2) respectively have, for expansion body (10), an adhesive face (38) that is oriented substantially parallel to the working direction (A) of the expansion joint.

18. The drivable building structure of claim 11, wherein a seal (6) present between the substructure (3.1) and the roadway construction (4.1) of a partial building structure (2.1) extends under the associated base structure (13.1).

19. The drivable building structure of claim 11, wherein a bracing plate (17; 17) is provided that is not divided in working direction (A) of the expansion joint.

20. The drivable building structure of claim 19, wherein a highly compressible filler strip (21; 21) extends along at least one end side-viewed in the working direction (A) of the expansion joint (7)of the bracing plate (17; 17).

21. The drivable building structure of claim 18, wherein the bracing plate (17) that is not divided is fixed unilaterally on the substructure (3.1) and/or on a base structure (13.1) that may be placed thereon of one of the two partial building structures (2.1).

22. The drivable building structure of claim 1, wherein the bracing plate (17) is designed in divided manner in working direction (A) of the expansion joint (7) and has two bracing-plate portions fixed respectively on the substructure (3.1, 3.2) of one of the two partial building structures (2.1, 2.2).

23. The drivable building structure of claim 22, wherein the two fixed bracing-plate portions are designed to mesh into one another in toothed manner.

24. The drivable building structure of claim 22, wherein the bracing plate (17) is of a three-piece design in working direction (A) of the expansion joint (7), wherein the two fixed bracing-plate portions respectively form a rim portion (41, 43), between which a free bracing-plate portion (44) is received that on both sides is meshed in toothed manner with the respective adjoining rim portion (41, 43).

25. The drivable building structure of claim 1, wherein a separating course (29) designed in particular as an elastomer web, especially as EPDM film (30), is situated between the bracing plate (17; 17; 17) and the expansion body (10).

26. The drivable building structure of claim 1, wherein the polymer-based casting compound of the expansion body is provided especially with PMMA, PU and/or polyurea as the polymer base.

27. The drivable building structure of claim 26, wherein PMMA forms the polymer base of the polymer-based casting compound of the expansion body for all layers (31, 32, 33) of the expansion body (10), wherein the expansion body (10) has an elongation after break of at least 100%, preferably at least 120%, in each of its layers (31, 32, 33).

28. The drivable building structure of claim 1, wherein at least the lowermost layer (31) of the expansion body (10) consists of several portions joined to one another in longitudinal direction of the expansion joint (7) and cast in succession, and in that at least the uppermost layer (33) of the expansion body (10) is cast continuously, in a single work cycle, over the entire length of the expansion joint (7).

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

[0031] In the following, three exemplary embodiments of the invention, in each of which the drivable building structure may comprise, for example, a bridging structure and an abutment, will be explained in more detail on the basis of the drawing, wherein:

[0032] FIG. 1 shows, in vertical section, the region relevant here of a drivable building structure according to a first exemplary embodiment,

[0033] FIG. 2 shows, likewise in vertical section, the region relevant here of a drivable building structure according to a second exemplary embodiment,

[0034] FIG. 3 shows, again in vertical section, the region relevant here of a drivable building structure according to a third exemplary embodiment and

[0035] FIG. 4 shows a horizontal section through the third exemplary embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0036] The first exemplary embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 1, of a generic drivable building structure 1 comprises two partial building structures 2, namely a first partial building structure 2.1 and a second partial building structure 2.2. Each of these two partial building structures has a substructure 3 and a roadway construction 4, which forms a drivable surface 5. Conventionally, a seal 6 is then provided between the respective substructure 3 and the associated roadway construction 4.

[0037] The two partial building structures 2.1 and 2.2 are decoupled from one another in the sense that they are movable relative to one another. The movability-typically uniaxial or biaxial but possibly also triaxialof the two partial building structures 2.1 and 2.2 relative to one another is derived in this case from the respective individual bearing system of the building structures. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, uniaxial movability definable via working direction A exists. In order to enable this, an expansion joint 7 extending transverse to working direction A is present between substructure 3.1 of first partial building structure 2.1 and substructure 3.2 of second partial building structure 2.2.

[0038] In order to ensure drivability, a bridging structure 9 spanning expansion joint 7, forming a drivable surface 8 and having an extension body 10, which is deformable, namely extendable and contractable in working direction A from a stress-free neutral configuration, extends between roadway construction 4.1 of first partial building structure 2.1 and roadway construction 4.2 of second partial building structure 2.2. Expansion body 10 and the further components of bridging structure 9 are in this case received in a trough, which is bounded by end sides 11 of first roadway construction 4.1 and of second roadway construction 4.2 and the surfaces 12projecting from these toward the middle plane Mof first substructure 3.1 and second substructure 3.2.

[0039] Underneath the actual bridging structure 9, a base structure 13 made of polymer concrete is applied on the respective substructure 3 of each of the two partial building structures 2.1 and 2.2. The expansion joint present between first substructure 2.1 and second substructure 2.2 continues upward in this case between first base structure 13.1 and second base structure 13.2. These two substructures 13 are configured in stepped form, such that they each have a recessed portion 14 close to middle plane M and a raised portion 15 spaced apart from middle plane M. These two raised portions 15 form frames 16 for, received between them, a bracing plate 17 which-via interposed EPDM films F-rests on recessed portions 14 of the two base structures 13; in this sense, recessed portions 14 of the two base structures 13 represent support portions. Surfaces 18 of these frames 16 are substantially at the same level as surface 19 of bracing plate 17.

[0040] In the neutral configuration illustrated in FIG. 1, bracing plate 17 does not completely fill the space present between frames 16. To the contrary, a gap 20, in which a highly compressible filling strip 21 (e.g. of microcellular rubber tape) has been inserted, is present on both sides between each end side of bracing plate 17 and the associated frame 16. Bracing plate 17 is therefore seated movably and accordingly floatingly relative to both partial building structures 2.1 and 2.2 in working direction A of expansion joint 7.

[0041] In each of the two partial building structures 2.1 and 2.2, an angled perforated strip is securely connectedby means of the respective base structure 13 in the region of anchor 22 passed through the raised portions 15 in questionwith the associated substructure 3.1 or 3.2. The respective horizontal leg 25provided with openings 24is in this case braced in the region between its fastenings via spacer plates 26 on surface 18 of raised portion 15 of the base structure 13 in question, so that angled perforated strips 23 are raised relative to surface 18 of the associated base structure 13. Vertical legs 27 of angled perforated strips 23, which respectively maintain a spacing relative to end face 11 of the associated roadway construction 4, also have openings 28. Bracing plate 17 as well as the two filler strips 21 are covered on their upper side-facing expansion body 10by a separating course 29 in the form of a (preferably self-adhering) EPDM film 30.

[0042] Expansion body 10 fills the space remaining above surface 19 of bracing plate 17 (plus separating course 29) and surfaces 18 of base structures 13 between end sides 11 of first roadway construction 4.1 and second roadway construction 4.2. It is cast in place in situ from polymer-based casting compound, and specifically in three separate layers 31, 32 and 33, which are each approximately 2 cm thick. In the present case, PMMA is used in corresponding manner as the base polymer for all three layers 31, 32 and 33. However, the PMMA-based casting compounds of uppermost layer 33forming the drivable surface 18 of bridging structure 9of the expansion body and of the two deeper layers 31 and 32 of the expansion body differ from one another in that they contain different aggregates Z. As it happens, aggregate Z of the casting compound of the uppermost layer 33 of the expansion body comprises harder fillers than the aggregate of the casting compound of the deeper layers 31 and 32 of the expansion body, in that the fillers in the uppermost layer 33 of the expansion body contain hard particles (e.g. corundum), compared with EPDM granules and/or rubber granules in the two lower layers 31 and 32 of the expansion body. The uppermost layer 33 of expansion body 10 consists in this case up to approximately 98 wt % of PMMA-based polymer resin and hard particles (in total), wherein the ratio by weight between hard particles and PMMA-based polymer resin is approximately 0.85; the catalyst that reacts with the polymer resin forms a further component. In contrast, the two deeper layers 31 and 32 of expansion body 10 each consist up to approximately 98 wt % of PMMA-based polymer resin and EPDM or rubber granules (in total), wherein the ratio by weight between EPDM/rubber granules and PMMA-based polymer resin is approximately 0.25. Here also the catalyst that reacts with the PMMA forms a further component.

[0043] In the interests of good fixation of expansion body 10 at the rims, the two base structures 13 respectively have, for expansion body 10, an adhesive face 34 that extends substantially parallel to working direction A of expansion joint 7. These adhesive faces 34 are formed by surfaces 18 of raised portions 15 of base structures 13. It is further important in this case that the casting compound of lowermost layer 31 of expansion body 10 fills the intermediate space between angled perforated strip 23, i.e. its respective horizontal leg 25, and the associated adhesive face 34 as well as possible. For this purpose, it may contribute in the sense of assembly for angled perforated strip 23 to be pressed into the still fresh casting compound and fixed by means of nuts 35 on previously set anchors 22 immediately after lowermost layer 31 of the expansion body has been castor at least after lateral corner regions E have been filled with corresponding casting compound. Furthermore, it is relevant for long-lasting good fixation of expansion body 10 at the rims that the casting compound penetrate through openings 24 and 28 of angled perforated strip 23, thus counteracting detachment phenomena.

[0044] Spacer plates 26 and angled perforated strips 23 are dimensioned and designed such that the upper side of horizontal legs 25 of angled perforated strips 23 lie at a level of approximately 20 mm and that upper edges 36 of vertical legs 27 of angled perforated strips 23 lie approximately 40 mm above adhesive faces 34. Thus the upper side of horizontal legs 25 of angled perforated strips 23 and the upper edges 36 of vertical legs 27 of angled perforated strips 23 are respectively suitable as support for stripping of lowermost layer 31 or of middle layer 32 of expansion body 10.

[0045] For the further exemplary embodiments illustrated in FIG. 2 on the one hand and in FIGS. 3 and 4 on the other hand, the foregoing explanations for FIG. 1 and for the first exemplary embodiment shown therein are correspondingly valid, unless otherwise indicated by the following explanations. Repetitions are unnecessary. Corresponding reference symbols denote (functionally) equivalent parts.

[0046] In a departure from the first exemplary embodiment, bracing plate 17 in the second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 is not seated floatingly. To the contrary, it is fixed unilaterallyin the present case to first partial building structure 2.1-in that it is connected securely by means of screws 37 with base structure 13.1 and substructure 3.1 of the first partial building structure. The entire working movement of bridging structure 9 is therefore compensated by the movement of bracing plate 17 relative to second partial building structure 2.2. Gap 20 and filler strip 21 of highly compressible material received therein are accordinglyin working direction Aof broader design.

[0047] Furthermore, the following three special features, which can obviously also be achieved (independently of one another) with the same advantage as in the two other exemplary embodiments shown, can be recognized. Seal 6 projects under first roadway construction 4.1 and one piece extends far under base structure 13.1 of first partial building structure 2.1. Compared with the first exemplary embodiment, base structure 13.1 of first partial building structure 2.1 has a greater extent in working direction A and comprises a portion 38 having a surface 39 thatat the same level as drivable surfaces 5 of the two roadway constructions 4.1 and 4.2is drivable. As illustrated here merely on the basis of base structure 13.2, base structures 13.1 and 13.2 are additionally fixed on the associated substructure 3.1 and 3.2 via anchors 40.

[0048] The third exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 has the special feature that bracing plate 17 is divided in this case, specifically into three parts. It comprises a first rim portion 41, which is securely connected by means of screws 42 with base structure 13.1 and with substructure 3.1 of first partial building structure 2.1, and a second rim portion 43, which is securely connected in a corresponding manner by means of screws with base structure 13.2 and with substructure 3.1 of second partial building structure 2.2. The third part of bracing plate 17 is received (in free-floating manner), namely as a free bracing-plate portion 44, between first rim portion 41 and second rim portion 43.

[0049] The two gaps 45 present on both sides of free bracing-plate portion 44 between this and adjacent rim portion 41 and 43 are not of continuous linear design but to the contrary have zig-zag shape. These (trapezoidal) reciprocal projections and recesses of the three parts of bracing plate 17 are so long (in working direction A) that free bracing-plate portion 44 and the two fixed rim portions 41 and 43 mesh into one anotherwhile maintaining the said gap 45 of zig-zag shapein the region of two toothings 46 corresponding to one another.

[0050] Taking into consideration the foregoing explanations of the invention and especially of the three exemplary embodiments implementing it, further different configurations corresponding to the inventive concept are immediately obvious to a person skilled in the art. In particular, the bracing plate may also be designed as two parts (asymmetrically divided), wherein each of the two bracing-plate portions is fixed on one of the two partial building structures; the gap present between the two bracing-plate portions and offset relative to the expansion joint can in this case be designed to be continuously linear or else-preferablyto be of zig-zag shape in the sense of the foregoing third exemplary embodiment (e.g. with corrugated, trapezoidal, triangular or similar toothings meshing with one another).

[0051] To avoid misunderstandings, it must be further pointed out as a precaution that-especially for correspondingly long expansion joints (e.g. expansion joints with a length of more than three meters)the various components extending in joint-length direction (particularly the bracing plate and/or angled or other profiles that may be present) may obviously be designed as segmented, in the sense that they comprise several segments arranged one after the other, as is illustrated in FIG. 4 for bracing plate 17. Even the (lower) layers of the expansion body may be cast portion by portion (e.g. respectively in 3-m portions), which has considerable manufacturing-related advantages in particular for the lowermost of the layers; this is because it favors performance of the various operations to be carried out after introduction of the casting compound for the first layer of the expansion body in the trough (e.g. assembly of the angled perforated profiles, stripping of the surface of the first, lowermost layer of the expansion body, etc.) within the reaction time of the polymer base material. In any case, the uppermost of the layers of the expansion body will nevertheless preferably be cast in one piece over the entire length of the expansion joint.