SYSTEM AND METHOD OF PREDICTING BEHAVIOR OF ELECTRIC MACHINES
20240302804 ยท 2024-09-12
Inventors
Cpc classification
G05B2219/23005
PHYSICS
G05B19/41885
PHYSICS
International classification
Abstract
A system and method of predicting behavior of at least one electric machine is provided, wherein the method includes: generating a simulated-dataset including simulated design results, (e.g., individually), for electromagnetic properties, structural properties, and acoustic properties of the electric machine, wherein the simulated-dataset is generated by simulating at least one operating condition of the electric machine on parametric models generated from design parameters of the electric machine; training artificial neural network models using the design parameters and the simulated design results output from the parametric models in response to at least one operating condition of the electric machine; and predicting behavior of the electric machine by orchestrating execution of the artificial neural network models for custom design parameters.
Claims
1. A computer implemented method of predicting behavior of an electric machine, the method comprising: generating a simulated-dataset comprising simulated design results for electromagnetic properties, structural properties, and acoustic properties of the electric machine, wherein the simulated-dataset is generated by simulating at least one operating condition of the electric machine on parametric models generated from design parameters of the electric machine; training artificial neural network models using the design parameters and the simulated design results output from the parametric models in response to the at least one operating condition of the electric machine; and predicting the behavior of the electric machine by orchestrating execution of the artificial neural network models for custom design parameters.
2. The computer implemented method of claim 1, further comprising: selecting the design parameters based on a sensitivity analysis of a design dataset of the electric machine, wherein the design dataset comprises the design parameters of a class of the electric machine, and wherein the design parameters comprise electromagnetic design parameters, structural design parameters, and acoustic design parameters associated with the electromagnetic properties, the structural properties, and the acoustic properties of the electric machine.
3. The computer implemented method of claim 1, further comprising: generating the parametric models based on electromagnetic design parameters, structural design parameters, and acoustic design parameters associated with the electromagnetic properties, the structural properties, and the acoustic properties of the electric machine, wherein the parametric models comprise a 2-Dimensional model, a 3-Dimensional model, a 3-Dimensional Finite Element model, or a combination thereof based on the electromagnetic design parameters, the structural design parameters, and the acoustic design parameters.
4. The computer implemented method of claim 1, wherein the generating of the simulated dataset comprises: synthesizing the simulated design results from electromagnetic design parameters by executing an electromagnetic parametric model for the at least one operating condition in the electric machine to generate the simulated design results comprising simulated force and simulated flux linkage; synthesizing the simulated design results from structural design parameters by executing a structural parametric model for the simulated force to generate the simulated design results comprising simulated vibration and simulated displacement; and synthesizing the simulated design results from acoustic design parameters by executing an acoustic parametric model for the simulated vibration and the simulated displacement to generate the simulated design results comprising simulated acoustic response, wherein the parametric models the electromagnetic parametric model, the structural parametric model, and the acoustic parametric model, and wherein the at least one operating condition is currents in the electric machine.
5. The computer implemented method of claim 1, further comprising: generating an electromagnetic parametric model based on electromagnetic design parameters comprising a number of rotor poles, a skewing angle, a nonlinear BH curve, or a combination thereof; generating a structural parametric model based on structural design parameters comprising skewing geometry, stator diameter, housing geometry, welding lines, or a combination thereof; and generating an acoustic design parameters model based on the acoustic properties comprising acoustic pressure, the housing geometry, or a combination thereof.
6. The computer implemented method of claim 1, further comprising: predicting a noise behavior, a vibration behavior, or a combination thereof for the custom design parameters of the electric machine based on the orchestrated execution of the artificial neural network models.
7. The computer implemented method of claim 1, further comprising: orchestrating an execution of the artificial neural network models for the custom design parameters, wherein the orchestrating of the execution comprises: executing a first artificial neural network model with the custom design parameters input are based on currents in the electric machine, and simulated flux linkages determined using an electromagnetic parametric model to generate a predicted force; executing a second artificial neural network model with the custom design parameters and the predicted force as input to generate a predicted vibration displacement; and executing a third artificial neural network model with the custom design parameters and the predicted vibration displacement as input to generate a predicted acoustic pressure.
8. The computer implemented method of claim 7, further comprising: predicting a noise behavior and a vibration behavior for the custom design parameters of the electric machine based on at least one of the predicted force, the predicted vibration displacement, and the predicted acoustic pressure.
9. A system for predicting behavior of an electric machine, the system comprising: a processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the processor, wherein the memory, when executed by the processor, is configured to: generate a simulated-dataset comprising simulated design results for electromagnetic properties, structural properties, and acoustic properties of the electric machine, wherein the simulated-dataset is generated by simulating at least one operating condition of the electric machine on parametric models generated from design parameters of the electric machine; train artificial neural network models using the simulated design results and an output of the parametric models for the at least one operating condition of the electric machine; and predict the behavior of the electric machine by orchestrating execution of the artificial neural network models for custom design parameters.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the system is communicatively coupled to a design database comprising a design dataset associated with the electric machine, wherein the design dataset comprises the design parameters of a class of the electric machine, wherein the system is configured to select the design parameters based on a sensitivity analysis of the design dataset of the electric machine, and wherein the design parameters comprise electromagnetic design parameters, structural design parameters, and acoustic design parameters associated with the electromagnetic properties, the structural properties, and the acoustic properties of the electric machine.
11. The system of claim 9, wherein the system is configured to generate the parametric models based on electromagnetic design parameters, structural design parameters, and acoustic design parameters associated with the electromagnetic properties, the structural properties, and the acoustic properties of the electric machine, wherein the parametric models comprise a 2-Dimensional model, a 3-Dimensional model, 3-Dimensional Finite Element model, or a combination thereof of the electromagnetic design parameters, the structural design parameters, and the acoustic design parameters.
12. The system of claim 9, further comprising: a Graphical User Interface (GUI), communicatively coupled to the processor, wherein the GUI is configured to receive the custom design parameters for the electric machine, and wherein the GUI is configured to display the predicted behavior for the custom design parameters.
13. The system of claim 12, wherein the GUI is configured to display a noise behavior and a vibration behavior of the electric machine within one second of receipt of the custom design parameters, and wherein the noise behavior and the vibration behavior are generated in response to the at least one operating condition of the electric machine.
14. The system of claim 13, wherein the custom design parameters comprise a number of rotor poles, a skewing angle, rotor notches, a nonlinear BH curve, skewing geometry, a stator diameter, a housing geometry, welding lines, an acoustic pressure, or a combination thereof.
15. The system of claim 12, wherein the at least one operating condition is currents in the electric machine.
16. A non-transitory computer-readable medium having stored thereon instructions that, in response to execution, cause a system comprising a processor to: generate a simulated-dataset comprising simulated design results for electromagnetic properties, structural properties, and acoustic properties of an electric machine, wherein the simulated-dataset is generated by simulating at least one operating condition of the electric machine on parametric models generated from design parameters of the electric machine; train artificial neural network models using the design parameters and the simulated design results output from the parametric models in response to the at least one operating condition of the electric machine; and predict behavior of the electric machine by orchestrating execution of the artificial neural network models for custom design parameters.
17. The computer implemented method of claim 1, wherein the generating comprises individually generating simulated-datasets for each of the electromagnetic properties, the structural properties, and the acoustic properties of the electric machine.
18. The system of claim 10, wherein the generation comprises individually generating simulated-datasets for each of the electromagnetic properties, the structural properties, and the acoustic properties of the electric machine.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] Below, the disclosure is described using the embodiments illustrated in the figures.
[0029]
[0030]
[0031]
[0032]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present disclosure are described in detail. The various embodiments are described with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements throughout. In the following description, for purpose of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. It may be evident that such embodiments may be practiced without these specific details.
[0034]
[0035] As shown in
[0036] According to an embodiment, the online stage 110 employs a mix of parametric high-fidelity models 122, 124, and 126 to generate training data for Machine Learning activities, particularly Artificial Neural Network (ANN) 142, 144, and 146. As shown in the offline stage 110, results of the parametric models 122, 124, and 126 (e.g., electromagnetic, structural, acoustic simulation-based surrogate models), are input to the ANN 142, 144, and 146 to generate the model used in the online stage 150. The combination of the parametric models 122, 124, and 126 with the ANN 142, 144, and 146 enable accurate and fast noise and vibration modelling of electric machines.
[0037] At act 112, the parametric models 122, 124, and 126 are built for electromagnetic, structural, and acoustic domains using the design parameters 120. The design parameters 120 may include electromagnetic design parameters, structural design parameters, and acoustic design parameters. Further, the parametric models may be one of 2-Dimensional, 3-Dimensional, and 3-Dimensional Finite Element models generated from the electromagnetic design parameters, the structural design parameters, and the acoustic design parameters.
[0038] In an embodiment, the design parameters 120 may include number of rotor poles, number of stator slots, winding layout, slot opening width, slot height, stator inner diameter, stator outer diameter, rotor outer diameter, skew type, skew angle, electromagnetic material properties (BH curve, permeability) for steel sheets and permanent magnet elements, housing outer diameter, mechanical material properties (Young's modulus, poisson ratio, mass density) for steel sheets, housing and permanent magnet elements and acoustic material properties (mass density) of the external fluids.
[0039] The parametric models include an electromagnetic parametric model 122, a structural model 124 and an acoustic model 126. In an example, the electromagnetic parametric model 122 may be a magnetostatic model that may be frequency dependent. The magnetostatic model may include effects of moving components and accurately simulate the electric machine for the electromagnetic design parameters. The structural parametric model 124 may be a force response model that evaluates the dynamic forced responses of finite element structural model. The structural parametric model 124 may predict response of the electric machines to a set of applied transient, frequency (harmonic), random vibratory or shock spectrum loads. The acoustic parametric model 126 may be a finite element boundary analysis and may include acoustic transfer analysis.
[0040] At act 114, simulation-driven datasets 132, 134, 136, and 138 for the electromagnetic, structural, and acoustic domains are generated. The simulation-driven dataset is the output of the simulations executed by the parametric models 122, 124, and 126 with the design parameters 120 of the electric machines as input. The simulation-dataset includes simulated design results synthesized using the parametric models. For example, if the design parameters 120 include number of rotor poles, stator diameter, stack length, etc. The output simulation-datasets 132, 134, 136, and 138 are, for instance, magnetic flux density distribution in the airgap for the electromagnetic model, vibration displacement at a node for the structural model, and acoustic pressure for the acoustic model.
[0041] In an embodiment, the simulation-dataset including simulated force 132 and simulated flux linkage 134 are generated when currents 130 in the electric machines are input along with the design parameters 120 to the electromagnetic parametric model. Further, simulated vibration and displacement 136 are generated as output when the structural parametric model 124 is input with the design parameters 120 and the simulated force 132. Furthermore, simulated acoustic response 138 is generated as output when the acoustic parametric model 126 is input with the design parameters 120 and the simulated vibration and displacement 136.
[0042] At act 116, the ANN 142, 144, and 146 for the electromagnetic, structural, and acoustic domains are trained. The ANN 142, 144, and 146 are trained and validated using the design parameters and the simulated design results 132, 134, 136, and 138.
[0043] In the online stage 150, the trained ANNs 142, 144, and 146 separately or combined in order to assess the vibro-acoustic behavior of a specific electric machine. In an embodiment, the execution of the ANNs 142, 144, and 146 are orchestrated based on richness of the custom design parameters 180. Accordingly, custom design parameters 180 for the specific electric machine are input to the ANNs 142, 144, and 146 to predict vibration displacement and acoustic pressure. The ANNs 142, 144, and 146 may also be used as surrogate models of the parametric models 122, 124, and 126. Further, the ANNs 142, 144, and 146 may be used within system-level simulation models and are referred to as ID models.
[0044] As shown in
[0045]
[0046] The system 200 is communicatively coupled to a design database 240. The design database 240 stores a design dataset including design parameters that are relevant to a class of the electric machines, whose behavior prediction is performed. For example, the design dataset includes values for attributes such as number of rotor poles, number of stator slots, winding layout, slot opening width, slot height, stator inner diameter, stator outer diameter, rotor outer diameter, skew type, skew angle, electromagnetic material properties (BH curve, permeability) for steel sheets and permanent magnet elements, housing outer diameter, mechanical material properties (Young's modulus, Poisson ratio, mass density) for steel sheets, housing and permanent magnet elements and acoustic material properties (mass density) of the external fluids. Furthermore, the design dataset may also include values for attributes such as advance angle, airgap diameter, airgap thickness, conductor length, coil span, phase connection, winding leakage inductance, conductor losses, lamination thickness, magnet angle, magnet radius, phase voltage, phase resistance, shaft diameter, etc.
[0047] In an embodiment, the system 200 may be configured to the select design parameters (such as the design parameters 120) from the design dataset. The selection of the design parameters (e.g., 120) may be achieved through sensitivity analysis conducted on the design dataset. The sensitivity analysis is used to determine whether deviations in the values for the attributes impact operation of the electric machines. In operation, the processor 210 executes a parameter selection module 220 in the memory unit 230 to select the design parameters from the design dataset. The system 200 may be configured to generate the parametric models (such as parametric models 122, 124, and 126) based on the design parameters (including electromagnetic design parameters, structural design parameters, and acoustic design parameters). In operation, the processor 210 executes a model generator module 222 stored in the memory unit 230.
[0048] The system 200 is configured to generate a simulated-dataset including simulated design results, (e.g., individually), for electromagnetic properties, structural properties, and acoustic properties of the electric machine. The processor 210 executes a simulation module 224 that generates the simulated-dataset by simulating at least one operating condition of the electric machine on the parametric models generated by the model generator module 222. Accordingly, the parametric models are input with electromagnetic design parameters and the operating condition, such as currents in the electric machine to generate the simulated electromagnetic design results. This is similarly performed to generate simulated structural design results and simulated acoustic design results as shown in act 114 of
[0049] The system 200 is configured to train the artificial neural network models (142, 144, 146) using the simulated design results and an output of the parametric models for the at least one operating condition of the electric machine. The processor 210 executes a learning module 226 that includes instructions to train and validate artificial neural networks with the simulated electromagnetic design results, the simulated structural design results, and the simulated acoustic design results. The output of the learning model 226 results in ANNs that enable faster early-design stage through behavior prediction for electric machines. Particularly, the training and validation of the ANNs results in creation of data-driven surrogate models which frontload all the time-consuming analysis to predict the behavior. The system 200 is configured to predict behavior of the electric machine by orchestrating execution of the artificial neural network models for custom design parameters. The processor 210 executes a prediction module 228 that includes instruction on regarding execution of the ANNs in runtime when the custom design parameters are received via the GUI 252. The prediction module 228 may be configured to analyze the custom design parameters to determine which of the ANNs 142, 144, or 146 to execute.
[0050] As used herein, the term custom design parameters may refer to the same or a subset of the design parameters that was used to train and validated the ANNs. In some embodiments, additional or new design parameters may be included in the custom design parameters. The prediction module 228 is configured to determine the new design parameters and initiate retraining and validation of the ANNs by the learning module 226. In other embodiments, the model generator module 222 is triggered by the prediction module 228 to refine the parametric models. This in turn may trigger the simulation module 224 to refine the simulation-dataset and the learning module 226 to retrain the ANNs.
[0051] The system 200 may also be implemented using distributed computing resources. Further, the prediction of the behavior of the electric machines may be provided as a service via a cloud/an edge computing platform.
[0052]
[0053] The system 300 includes a cloud computing platform 302 configured to host a server 310, a model database 312 and the design database 240. The server 310 is configured to execute the parameter selection module 220 and the model generator module 222. The model database 312 includes historical versions of parametric models generated for the electric machines. In an embodiment, the electric machines may be associated with a class. The class of electric machines may already have associated parametric models. The model database is configured to access and store those historical versions.
[0054] The system 300 further includes a client device 320 at the user end configured to enable a user to interact with the system 300. The client device 320 includes a processor 330 and a memory unit 340 including a simulation module 342, a learning module 344, and a prediction module 346.
[0055] In operation, the parameter selection module 220 is configured to select design parameters from the design dataset stored in the design database 240. The design parameters are used by the model generator module 222 to generate the parametric models. In an embodiment, the model generator module 222 is configured to select and tune the models stored in the model database 312 to generate the parametric models.
[0056] The simulation module 342 is configured to receive a simulated-dataset including simulated design results when the parametric models are executed by the server 310. In an embodiment, the server 310 receives an Application Programming Interface (API) call requesting the simulated-dataset from the simulation module 342. In response to the API request, the parametric models are run with the design parameters as input and the simulated-dataset is transmitted as a response to the API request.
[0057] The learning module 344 is configured to train the ANNs and validate the ANNs using the simulated-dataset and the design parameters. In an embodiment, the learning module 344 may transmit an API call requesting for the design parameters from the parameter selection module 222 and another API call to the simulation module for the simulated-dataset. In response to the API request, the design parameters are transmitted to the learning module 344. The prediction module 346 is executed at the client device at run-time. Accordingly, prior to execution of the prediction module 346, the client device 320 is configured to display the parametric models and the design parameters. The client device 320 may include a display 360 or be communicatively coupled to a display. The display 360 is configured to display a GUI 350. The GUI 350 is an interactive design tool that enables a user to input custom design parameters and predict behavior of the electric machines.
[0058] As shown in
[0059] The GUI may already display the parametric models 352 with the associated model configuration 354. The displayed parametric models 352 and the configuration 354 may be generated by executing the model generator module 222 and the simulation module 342. A user may provide custom design parameters using the design parameter configuration section 356. When the custom design parameters are received, the processor 330 executes the prediction module 346. The prediction module 346 runs the ANNs with the custom design parameters as the input to predict the behavior of the electric machines.
[0060] In an embodiment, the behavior predicted is noise behavior and vibration behavior of the electric machines. The noise and vibration behavior are generated by the ANNs in response to one or more operating conditions of the electric machines, such as currents. The GUI 350 is configured to display noise behavior and a vibration behavior of the electric machine within one second of the receipt of the custom design parameters.
[0061] The method 400 begins at act 410 by generating a simulated-dataset including simulated design results, (e.g., individually), for electromagnetic properties, structural properties, and acoustic properties of the electric machine. The simulated-dataset is generated by simulating at least one operating condition of the electric machine on parametric models generated from design parameters of the electric machine.
[0062] In an embodiment, act 410 may also include selecting the design parameters based on a sensitivity analysis of a design dataset of the electric machine. The design dataset includes the design parameters of a class of the electric machine. The design parameters include electromagnetic design parameters, structural design parameters, and acoustic design parameters associated with the electromagnetic properties, the structural properties, and the acoustic properties of the electric machine.
[0063] In yet another embodiment, act 410 may include generating the parametric models based on the electromagnetic design parameters, the structural design parameters, and the acoustic design parameters, wherein the parametric models includes at least one of 2-Dimensional, 3-Dimensional, and 3-Dimensional Finite Element models based on the electromagnetic design parameters, the structural design parameters, and the acoustic design parameters.
[0064] The parametric models include includes an electromagnetic parametric model, a structural parametric model, and an acoustic parametric model. Accordingly, act 410 may include generating the electromagnetic parametric model based on the electromagnetic design parameters including at least one of number of rotor poles, skewing angle, nonlinear BH curve, stator outer diameter, stator inner diameter, slot opening width (i.e., stator dimensions) and rotor dimensions. Act 410 may further include generating the structural parametric model based on the structural design parameters including at least one of skewing geometry, stator diameter, housing geometry, or welding lines. Further, act 410 may include generating the acoustic design parameters model based on the acoustic properties including at least one of acoustic pressure and housing geometry.
[0065] The parametric models are used to generate the simulated-dataset. Accordingly, act 410 may include synthesizing the simulated design results from the electromagnetic design parameters by executing an electromagnetic parametric model for currents in the electric machine to generate the simulated design results including simulated force and simulated flux linkage. Further, act 410 may include synthesizing the simulated design results from the structural design parameters by executing a structural parametric model for the simulated force to generate the simulated design results including simulated vibration and simulated displacement. Furthermore, act 410 may include synthesizing the simulated design results from the acoustic design parameters by executing an acoustic parametric model for the simulated vibration and the simulated displacement to generate simulated design results including simulated acoustic response.
[0066] Act 420 includes training artificial neural network models (ANNs) using the design parameters and the simulated design results output from the parametric models in response to at least one operating condition of the electric machine. For example, the at least one operating condition is the currents in the electric machine. In an embodiment, act 420 includes validating the trained ANNs by comparing output of the ANNs with sensor data generated from similar electric machines in operation.
[0067] Act 430 includes predicting behavior of the electric machine by orchestrating execution of the ANNs for custom design parameters. In an embodiment, act 430 may include executing a first artificial neural network model with the custom design parameters as input and based on the currents in the electric machine, and simulated flux linkages determined using the electromagnetic parametric model to generate a predicted force. Further, act 430 may include executing a second artificial neural network model with the custom design parameters and the predicted force as input to generate a predicted vibration displacement. Furthermore, act 430 may include executing a third artificial neural network model with the custom design parameters and the predicted vibration displacement as input to generate a predicted acoustic pressure.
[0068] In another embodiment, act 430 includes predicting at least one of noise behavior and vibration behavior for the custom design parameters of the electric machine based on the orchestrated execution of the first, second, and third ANNs. The orchestration of the noise behavior and the vibration behavior is based on the richness/quality of the custom design parameters and availability of computing resources for the execution of the ANNs. For example, act 430 may include predicting the noise behavior and the vibration behavior for the custom design parameters of the electric machine based on ability of the computing resources to generate at least one of the predicted force, the predicted vibration displacement, and the predicted acoustic pressure.
[0069] In yet another embodiment, act 430 may include displaying the noise behavior and the vibration behavior of the electric machine within one second of the receipt of the custom design parameters, and in response to the currents in the electric machine.
[0070] For the purpose of this description, a computer-usable or computer-readable non-transitory storage medium may be any apparatus that may contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The medium may be electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system (or apparatus or device) or a propagation mediums in and of themselves as signal carriers are not included in the definition of physical computer-readable medium include a semiconductor or solid state memory, magnetic tape, a removable computer diskette, random access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), a rigid magnetic disk and optical disk such as compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), compact disk read/write, and DVD. Both processing units and program code for implementing each aspect of the technology may be centralized or distributed (or a combination thereof) as known to those skilled in the art. Additionally, while the current disclosure describes the configuration tool 110 as an independent component, the configuration tool may be a software component and may be realized within a distributed control system or an engineering software suite. Additionally, in an embodiment, one or more parts of the engineering module may be realized within the technical system.
[0071] It is to be understood that the elements and features recited in the appended claims may be combined in different ways to produce new claims that likewise fall within the scope of the present disclosure. Thus, whereas the dependent claims appended below depend on only a single independent or dependent claim, it is to be understood that these dependent claims may, alternatively, be made to depend in the alternative from any preceding or following claim, whether independent or dependent, and that such new combinations are to be understood as forming a part of the present specification.
[0072] While the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to certain embodiments, it should be appreciated that the present disclosure is not limited to those embodiments. In view of the present disclosure, many modifications and variations would be present themselves, to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the various embodiments of the present disclosure, as described herein. The scope of the present disclosure is, therefore, indicated by the following claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes, modifications, and variations coming within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be considered within their scope. All advantageous embodiments claimed in method claims may also be apply to system/device claims.