Undercutting-covered excavation semi-reverse construction method of cross-transfer subway station
12084971 ยท 2024-09-10
Assignee
Inventors
- Gang LEI (Beijing, CN)
- Zhihui Yang (Beijing, CN)
- Fucai HUA (Beijing, CN)
- Chao Xie (Beijing, CN)
- Jianye ZHU (Beijing, CN)
- Chao Li (Beijing, CN)
- Ningning Li (Beijing, CN)
- Tingting Zhou (Beijing, CN)
Cpc classification
B61B1/00
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
International classification
E21D11/00
FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
B61B1/00
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
Abstract
A section of a node of the station is a section with an arch roof and a straight wall of three underground floors, a first underground floor is a station hall floor 1, and a second underground floor is a platform floor 2 of a subway line A and a third underground floor is a platform floor 3 of a subway line B; and directions of the subway line A and the subway line B are orthogonal. Second lining structures of the first and second underground floors are firstly constructed, and after a shield tunneling machine is pushed through the station, the structure of the third underground floor is constructed by a reverse construction method. Thus, the present disclosure is conducive to improving the efficiency of overall construction, guaranteeing timely tunnel construction completion of two lines and hence timely track construction completion and electricity wiring completion.
Claims
1. An undercutting-covered excavation semi-reverse construction method of a cross-transfer subway station, wherein a section of a node of the cross-transfer subway station covers three underground floors, wherein a first underground floor is a station hall floor, and a second underground floor is a platform floor of a subway line A and a third underground floor is a platform floor of a subway line B; directions of the subway line A and the subway line B are orthogonal; construction is carried out by an arch covering method at the station hall floor and the platform floor of the subway line A; and after a shield tunneling machine for interzone construction of the subway line A is pushed through the station, construction of the platform floor of the subway line B is carried out by covered excavation using a reverse construction method under the section constructed by the arch covering method; the undercutting-covered excavation semi-reverse construction method comprises the following steps: step 1: stepwise excavating a left pilot tunnel of an arch; after the completion of excavation, initially spraying 40 mm thick concrete to close surrounding rock, applying anchor bolts, arranging a grid arch frame, erecting a temporary steel arch frame for the left pilot tunnel of the arch, and spraying concrete again to a thickness of 350 mm; step 2: stepwise excavating a right pilot tunnel of the arch; after the completion of excavation, initially spraying 40 mm thick concrete immediately to close surrounding rock, applying anchor bolts, arranging a grid arch frame, erecting a temporary steel arch frame, and spraying concrete again to a thickness of 350 mm; step 3: excavating remaining surrounding rock of a middle pilot tunnel of the arch of the station and building in a temporary steel arch frame for the middle pilot tunnel of the arch; step 4: applying a bottom bedding course, and applying arch foot joists on two sides after the bottom bedding course reaches a strength; step 5: removing part of the temporary steel arch frame by means of a spatial effect, laying a waterproofing course, and applying a second lining structure of an arch covering and reserving a side wall construction seam; step 6: after the second lining structure of the arch covering reaches a design strength, carrying out step-slope excavation of middle-layer core soil; step 7: excavating surrounding rocks on two sides of the middle layer of the station layer by layer from top to bottom; excavating to current layer at each step and driving anchor bolts downwards by 0.5 m, and carrying out next step of excavation after the completion of applying the anchor bolts on two sides and spraying concrete; step 8: after excavation to a design elevation, backfilling grouted tunnel wastes to a bottom elevation of a medium slab of the second underground floor, and after a foundation bearing capacity required for pushing the shield tunneling machine is met, carrying out consequent operation of a medium slab structure and second lining structures for side walls of the first and second underground floors from bottom to top; step 9: after the second lining structure of the medium slab of the second underground floor reaches a design strength, backfilling a subgrade, laying a track, and pushing the shield tunneling machine for the construction of the subway line A through the station; step 10: using an interzone tunnel of a left line of the subway line B as a construction passageway, cyclically excavating the platform floor of the subway line B, and timely applying a temporary steel support; after the completion of each round of excavation, gradually removing the support, timely applying a second lining structure of the third underground floor, and after the completion of applying the second lining structure of the third underground floor, carrying out next round of excavation; and step 11: after the completion of the second lining structure of the third underground floor, excavating remaining interzone ports of the subway line B, and applying an internal structure after a shield tunneling machine for the construction of the subway line B is pushed through the station.
2. The undercutting-covered excavation semi-reverse construction method of the cross-transfer subway station according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, at least one feet-lock bolt is driven into a position of an anchor foot of the left pilot tunnel of the arch; and in the step 2, at least one feet-lock bolt is driven into a position of an anchor foot of the right pilot tunnel of the arch.
3. The undercutting-covered excavation semi-reverse construction method of the cross-transfer subway station according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1 and step 2, a footage of each pilot tunnel is greater than or equal to 15 m when the pilot tunnel is excavated.
4. The undercutting-covered excavation semi-reverse construction method of the cross-transfer subway station according to claim 2, wherein in the step 4, inner ends of the feet-lock bolts driven in the step 1 and step 2 are cast within the arch foot joists, thereby ensuring that the arch foot joists are stable and reliable.
5. The undercutting-covered excavation semi-reverse construction method of the cross-transfer subway station according to claim 1, wherein the second lining structure of the arch covering in the step 5 is formed through one step, and L-shaped joints are disposed at joints of the side wall construction seam, respectively.
6. The undercutting-covered excavation semi-reverse construction method of the cross-transfer subway station according to claim 1, wherein a slope of the step-slope excavation in the step 6 is not greater than 1:0.5, and a horizontal distance of tops of side slopes on two sides is not less than 3 m.
7. The undercutting-covered excavation semi-reverse construction method of the cross-transfer subway station according to claim 1, wherein the grouted tunnel wastes backfilled in the step 8 are uniformly roll-compacted with a compactness of greater than or equal to 93%; during roll-compacting, each layer is 25 cm to 30 cm thick; the second lining structures and permanent concrete columns of the first and second underground floors are cast below the medium slab of the second underground floor by not less than 500 mm; a ratio of reserved joints of reinforcements at a same section is not greater than 50%.
8. The undercutting-covered excavation semi-reverse construction method of the cross-transfer subway station according to claim 1, wherein the step 10 comprises the following sub-steps: step 10.1: using the interzone tunnel of the left line of the subway line B as the construction passageway, firstly excavating a track area of the left line of the third underground floor using a step method, carrying out excavation by a cyclical footage, and after the completion of excavation of the footage per round, carrying out bolting and shotcreting in time and erecting the temporary steel support to support a top slab of the third underground floor; step 10.2: entering into the tunnel from a middle position, and excavating the middle pilot tunnel of the third underground floor; carrying out excavation by cyclic footages also by the step method, and after the completion of excavation of the footage per round, carrying out bolting and shotcreting in time and erecting the temporary steel support to support the top slab of the third underground floor; meanwhile, gradually applying the second lining structure of the third underground floor for the track area of the left line of the third underground floor; step 10.3: opening tunnels on two sides to excavate a track area of a right line of the third underground line; carrying out excavation by a cyclical footage, and after the completion of excavation of the footage per round, carrying out bolting and shotcreting in time and erecting the temporary steel support to support the top slab of the third underground floor; completing the second lining structure of the third underground floor for the track area of the left line of the third underground floor, and adjusting the temporary support of the track area of the left line of the third underground floor to be within the range of the second lining structure; step 10.4: subsequently applying the second lining structures of the middle pilot tunnel and the track area of the right line of the third underground floor, and after the completion of application and closure of the second lining structure of the third underground floor, adjusting the temporary steel support to be within the range of the second lining structure; step 10.5: excavating remaining rock mass in the middle, carrying out excavation by a cyclical footage also by the step method, and after the completion of excavation of the footage per round, carrying out bolting and shotcreting in time and erecting the temporary steel support to support the top slab of the third underground floor; step 10.6: completing the remaining second lining structure of the third underground floor, and providing the temporary steel support; and step 10.7: excavating an interzone tunnel of the right line of the subway line B, erecting three grid steel frames, spraying C25 concrete immediately after excavation to close the surrounding rock, erecting the grid arch frame, erecting the temporary steel support, binding a mesh reinforcement, and spraying concrete.
9. The undercutting-covered excavation semi-reverse construction method of the cross-transfer subway station according to claim 8, wherein in steps 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, and 10.5, the cyclical footage is 0.5 m to 1.2 m in a soil layer and unstable rock mass, and is 1 m to 1.5 m in stable rock mass; and when a stable time of an excavation face of the unstable rock mass does not meet preliminary supporting construction, an advanced supporting or grouting reinforcement measure is taken.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
(5) 1station hall floor; 2platform floor of subway line A; 3platform floor of subway line B; 6permanent concrete column; 7anchor bolt; 11left pilot tunnel of arch; 12right pilot tunnel of arch; 13middle pilot tunnel of arch; 14feet-lock bolt; 15temporary steel arch frame; 16arch foot joist; 17second lining structure of arch covering; 18L-shaped joint; 19medium slab of first underground floor; 21interzone tunnel of left line of subway line A; 22interzone tunnel of right line of subway line A; 23medium slab of second underground floor; 24second lining structures for side walls of first and second underground floors; 31grouted tunnel wastes; 32temporary steel support; 33interzone tunnel of left line of subway line B; 34interzone tunnel of right line of subway line B; 35second lining structure of third underground floor; 36port ring beam; 37transfer passageway of third underground floor; 38partition wall of track area; 3Atrack area of left line of third underground floor; 3Bmiddle pilot tunnel of third underground floor; 3Ctrack area of right line of third underground floor; and 3Dmiddle remaining rock mass of third underground floor.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
(6) With reference to
(7) According to the undercutting-covered excavation semi-reverse construction method of a cross-transfer subway station, construction is carried out by an arch covering method at the station hall floor 1 and the platform floor 2 of the subway line A; and after a shield tunneling machine for interzone construction of the subway line A is pushed through the station, construction of the platform floor 3 of the subway line B is carried out by covered excavation using a reverse construction method under the section constructed by the arch covering method. Specifically, the present disclosure may include the following steps.
(8) In step 1, with reference to
(9) In step 2, with reference to
(10) In step 1 and step 2, when the pilot tunnels are excavated, blasting has a certain impact on adjacent pilot tunnels, and it is required that a footage of each pilot tunnel during construction should be greater than or equal to 15 m. When concrete is sprayed, operation should be carried out in strict accordance with requirements of a wet spraying process. The sprayed concrete should be dense and flat without cracking, peeling, missing spraying, reinforcement missing, hollowing, water leakage, and the like. The operation of spraying concrete should be orderly carried out from bottom to top in segments, in slices, and in layers.
(11) In step 3, with reference to
(12) In step 4, with reference to
(13) In step 5: part of the temporary steel arch frame 15 is removed by means of a spatial effect (a length by which the support is removed each time is not more than 6 m); a waterproofing course is laid; and a second lining structure 17 of an arch covering is applied and a side wall construction seam is reserved. Meanwhile, monitoring and measurement are strengthened such that a length of a segment is adjusted timely.
(14) Step 5 specifically includes the following technical contents. 1. The second lining structure 17 of the arch covering should be formed through one step and should not be cast in steps. 2. L-shaped joints 18 are disposed at joints of the side wall construction seam, respectively. The construction seam is treated using a filling method: when concrete is poured at bottom by a distance of 100 mm to 150 mm from the construction seam, laitance is removed, and shrinkage-free concrete of a same grade is used for filling.
(15) In step 6, with reference to
(16) In step 7, with reference to
(17) In step 8: with reference to
(18) In particular, step 8 should specifically include the following technical contents. 1. The grouted tunnel wastes 31 backfilled should be uniformly roll-compacted, avoiding nonuniform bearing of stress by the structure. The backfilled tunnel wastes should be tamped in layers. A compactness of the roll-compacted tunnel wastes is greater than or equal to 93%, and during roll-compacting, each layer is 25 cm to 30 cm thick. Soil with good water permeability and poor soil quality, such as sandy soil and miscellaneous fill, should not be used. 2. Since the third underground floor is constructed using the reverse construction method, nodes should be reserved for the second lining structures 24 and permanent concrete columns 6 of the first and second underground floors. The second lining structures 24 and the permanent concrete columns 6 of the first and second underground floors are cast below the medium slab 23 of the second underground floor by not less than 500 mm; and a ratio of reserved joints of reinforcements at a same section is not greater than 50%. The reserved reinforcements are protected.
(19) In step 9, after the second lining structure of the medium slab 23 of the second underground floor reaches a design strength, a subgrade is backfilled and a track is laid. At this time, the platform floor 2 of the subway line A communicates with the interzone tunnel 21 of the left line of the subway line A and the interzone tunnel 22 of the right line of the subway line A, and this meets the condition for pushing the shield tunneling machine through the station, and the shield tunneling machine for the construction of the subway line A may be pushed through the station.
(20) In step 10, with reference to
(21) The following should be noted in the step 10. 1. The stability of the top grouted tunnel wastes 31 should be noted during excavation, avoiding collapse of the grouted tunnel wastes 31. A vibration insulation layer is formed after the completion of partitioned removal of the grouted tunnel wastes 31, and then blasting excavation is carried out. 2. For blasting, a blasting design should be made. Smooth blasting is recommended, and relevant parameters should be corrected timely according to a blasting effect. Blasting parameters should be determined after a trial blast on the spot according to the principles of shallow holes, dense distribution, weak blasting, and progressive blasting. In the blasting design, the influence of vibration on adjacent tunnels and buildings and structures in the proximity thereof is mainly considered to ensure construction safety. 3. Tunnel excavation should be carried out in strict accordance with the policies of short footage, weak blasting, strong support, and fast closure, reducing disturbance for the surrounding rock and reducing the influence of vibration on surrounding buildings. A vibration velocity of blasting for surrounding buildings should be controlled within 15 mm/s; otherwise, a machine should be used for carrying out excavation to guarantee the safety and stability of the surrounding buildings.
(22) Specifically, step 10 includes the following sub-steps.
(23) In step 10.1, with reference to
(24) In step 10.2, with reference to
(25) In step 10.3, with reference to
(26) In step 10.4, with reference to
(27) In step 10.5, with reference to
(28) In step 10.6, the remaining second lining structure 35 of the third underground floor is completed, and the temporary steel support 32 is provided.
(29) In step 10.7, with reference to
(30) In step 11, with reference to
(31) As can be seen, the present disclosure involves the following key steps and the following advantages: 1. The undercutting-covered excavation semi-reverse construction method is used. The section of the transfer node provided in the present disclosure is in the form of three underground floors. The first underground floor and the second underground floor are undercut by the arch covering method. After the backfilled grouted tunnel wastes have a sufficient foundation bearing capacity and the second lining structure of the medium slab of the second underground floor reaches the design strength, the shield tunneling machine for the two lines may be pushed through the station. After the shield tunneling machine is pushed through the station, the structure of the third underground floor is constructed by the reverse construction method. Thus, the construction efficiency can be improved to the utmost extent and the construction period can be saved, guaranteeing that the construction of the interzone node is preferably completed as early as possible. 2. After excavation to the design elevation, the grouted tunnel wastes are backfilled to the bottom elevation of the medium slab. The grouted tunnel wastes backfilled should be uniformly roll-compacted, avoiding nonuniform bearing of stress by the structure. The backfilled tunnel wastes should be tamped in layers. A compactness of the roll-compacted tunnel wastes is greater than or equal to 93%, and during roll-compacting, each layer is 25 cm to 30 cm thick. Soil with good water permeability and poor soil quality, such as sandy soil and miscellaneous fill, should not be used. Thus, the foundation bearing capacity below the medium slab of the second underground floor may be effectively improved and the requirement of flatness is met. Nonuniform stress on the medium slab structure of the second underground floor or structural damage caused by insufficient bearing capacity below when the shield tunneling machine is pushed through the station are prevented.
(32) Apparently, the foregoing descriptions and contents are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the disclosures, application, or use of the present disclosure. Although the embodiments have been described above and in the accompanying drawings, the present disclosure does not limit particular examples that are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in the embodiments as the teaching of the currently considered best mode to carry out the present disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure will include any embodiment falling within the foregoing description and the appended claims.