GRINDING DEVICE FOR CREATING SURFACE STRUCTURES

Abstract

A grinding device has at least one endless grinding belt guided over deflection elements in at least one direction of circulation (P3) and a press-on arrangement which is configured and arranged such that it exerts a force from the inside on the grinding belt in a press-on area. The press-on arrangement comprises a base body and at least one press-on element arranged on the side of the base body facing the inner side of the grinding belt. The at least one press-on element is connected to the base body via a Velcro or adhesive connection. The grinding device can be a component of a belt grinding machine.

Claims

1. A grinding device with at least one endless grinding belt guided over deflection elements in at least one direction of circulation (P3), with a press-on arrangement which is configured and arranged such that it exerts a force from an inner side of the grinding belt in a press-on area wherein the press-on arrangement comprises a base body and at least one press-on element arranged on a side of the base body facing the inner side of the grinding belt, characterized in that the at least one press-on element is connected to the base body by one of a hook and loop or adhesive connection.

2. The grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the press-on arrangement comprises an endless press-on belt configured and arranged to exert a force from the inner side on the grinding belt in a press-on area, wherein the endless press-on belt comprises an endless base body and at least one press-on element disposed on a lateral surface of the base body.

3. The grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the press-on arrangement comprises a press-on beam which is configured and arranged such that it exerts a force from the inner side on the grinding belt in a press-on area, the press-on beam comprising a base body and at least one press-on element arranged on the side of the base body facing the inner side of the grinding belt.

4. The grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the base body is firmly connected to or comprises a first hook and loop adhesive layer and that the at least one press-on element has or is connected to a second hook and loop adhesive layer on the side facing the base body.

5. The grinding device according to claim 4, characterized in that one of the first or second hook and loop adhesive layers comprises a hook and loop non-woven layer, a hook and loop velour layer, fleece tape hook and loop layer, a hook and loop hook layer or a mushroom head hook and loop layer, wherein the hook and loop adhesive layer is preferably a metallic hook and loop adhesive layer or a plastic hook and loop adhesive layer.

6. The grinding device according to claim 4, characterized in that the base body of the press-on belt comprises or consists of a fiber-reinforced plastic layer or a metal strip.

7. The grinding device according to claim 4, characterized in that the base body of the press-on beam comprises or consists of a metal, a wood or a plastic profile.

8. The grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the base body comprises a ferromagnetic material and that the at least one press-on element comprises a magnet.

9. The grinding device according to claim 2, characterized in that the endless press-on belt is drivable by means of a drive unit, or that the press-on beam is movable by means of a drive unit for moving the press-on beam in a press-on plane.

10. The grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of press-on elements are provided which can be freely positioned on the base body.

11. The grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two press-on elements differ in shape, size and/or strength.

12. A belt grinding machine for grinding a flat workpiece, in which the workpiece passes through the belt grinding machine in a predetermined direction of travel (P1), having at least one grinding device according to claim 1.

13. A press-on belt or press-on beam for exerting a force in a press-on area from the inside on a grinding belt of a grinding device, having a base body and having at least one press-on element arranged on the base body, characterized in that the at least one press-on element is connected to the base body via one of a hook and loop or adhesive connection.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] FIG. 1 shows a perspective illustration of a belt grinding machine with a grinding station according to a first embodiment.

[0041] FIG. 2 shows a perspective illustration of a belt grinding machine with a grinding station according to a second embodiment.

[0042] FIG. 3 shows a perspective illustration of a belt grinding machine with a grinding station according to a third embodiment.

[0043] FIG. 4 shows a perspective illustration of a belt grinding machine with a grinding station according to a fourth embodiment.

[0044] FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of a first version of a single press-on element together with a section of a base body of a press-on belt according to a first embodiment.

[0045] FIG. 6 shows a sectional view of a first version of a single press-on element together with a section of a base body of a press-on belt according to a second embodiment.

[0046] FIG. 7 shows a sectional view of a first version of a single press-on element together with a section of a base body of a press-on belt according to a third embodiment.

[0047] FIG. 8 shows a sectional view of a first version of a single press-on element together with a section of a base body of a press-on belt according to a fourth embodiment.

[0048] FIG. 9 shows a sectional view of a first version of a single press-on element together with a section of a base body of a press-on belt according to a fifth embodiment, and

[0049] FIG. 10 shows a sectional view of a first version of a single press-on element together with a section of a base body of a press-on belt according to a sixth embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] FIG. 1 shows a perspective illustration of a belt grinding machine 100 with a grinding station 200 according to a first embodiment. In addition to the grinding station 200, the belt grinding machine 100 comprises a transport belt 110 which is guided around two deflection rollers 112, 114 and which guides workpieces 10 to be machined with the aid of the grinding station 200 in the direction of the arrow P1 past a machining area of the grinding station 200. The grinding device 200 comprises an endless grinding belt 210 which is guided around three deflection rollers 212, 214, 216. In other embodiments, only two deflection rollers or more than three deflection rollers may be provided. Alternatively, other deflection elements, such as deflection plates, may be provided instead of the deflection rollers 212, 214, 216.

[0051] A press-on belt 220 guided over deflection rollers 222, 224 is arranged inside the endless grinding belt 210, press-on elements 232, 242 being formed on the circumferential surface of the press-on belt 220, the press-on elements 232, 242 having a first size in a first section 230 and being arranged in a first arrangement and having a second size in a second section 240 and being arranged in a second arrangement. In other embodiments, the press-on elements 232, 242 are arranged in a uniform, continuous press-on element pattern on the circumferential surface of the press-on belt 220.

[0052] To drive the press-on belt 220, in the present embodiment the deflection roller 224 is drivable by means of a first drive unit. In other embodiments, the other deflection roller 222, another deflection roller or both deflection rollers 222, 224 may also be drivable. With the aid of the first drive unit, the press-on belt 220 can be driven either in the direction of circulation P2 or in the opposite direction to the direction of circulation P2, depending on the control of the first drive unit. This also makes it possible to move the press-on belt 220 back and forth to create different or uniform surface structures. Of course, a continuous, in particular uniform, drive in the direction of circulation P2 or in the opposite direction to the direction of circulation P2 is also possible.

[0053] A sliding layer 250 is arranged between the press-on belt 220 and the inner side 211 of the endless grinding belt 210, which prevents direct friction between the press-on belt 220 and the grinding belt 210. In particular, this reduces abrasion on the inner side of the grinding belt 210 and the associated wear of the grinding belt 210. The press-on elements 232, 242 of the press-on belt 220 press against the inner side 211 of the grinding belt 210 in a press-on area 229, wherein the sliding layer 250 can be arranged between the press-on elements 232, 242 and the inner side 211 of the grinding belt 210. In other embodiments, no sliding layer 250 is provided.

[0054] The press-on area 229 comprises the entire possible surface of the press-on belt 220 opposite the inner side 211 of the grinding belt 220. The corner points of the press-on area 229 or the surface are designated in FIG. 1 by the reference signs 225, 226, 227 and 228.

[0055] Depending on the structure, shape and size of the press-on elements 232, 242 of the different sections 230, 240 and by a drive of the press-on belt 220, different surface structures can be created during grinding of the workpiece 10.

[0056] The grinding station 200 comprises a second drive unit for driving the endless grinding belt 210 in a direction of circulation P3 and/or in the opposite direction to the direction of circulation P3. Preferably, this second drive unit is used to drive the deflection roller 212, 214 and/or 216.

[0057] The grinding station 200 according to the first embodiment is in particular a longitudinal structuring device or longitudinal grinding device, in which the direction of circulation P3 of the grinding belt 210 in the press-on area 229 of the press-on belt 220 runs parallel to the transport direction P1 of the workpiece 10, i.e. the direction of circulation P3 of the grinding belt 210 in the press-on area 229 of the press-on belt 220 is in or opposite to the transport direction P1 of the workpiece 10.

[0058] FIG. 2 shows a perspective illustration of a belt grinding machine 120 with a grinding station 300 according to a second embodiment. In contrast to the grinding station 200 according to FIG. 1, the grinding station 300 is a transverse grinding station in which the direction of circulation P2 of the grinding belt 310 in the press-on area 229 of the press-on belt 220 runs transversely to the transport direction P1 of the workpiece 10, i.e. the direction of circulation P3 of the grinding belt 310 in the press-on area 229 of the press-on belt 220 is orthogonal to the transport direction P1 of the workpiece 10.

[0059] The endless press-on belt 220 is guided around three deflection rollers 322, 324, 326. In other embodiments, only two deflection rollers or more than three deflection rollers may be provided. Alternatively, other deflection elements, such as deflection plates, may be provided instead of the deflection rollers 322, 324, 326.

[0060] At least one of the deflection rollers 322, 324, 326, in particular the deflection roller 322, is driven by a first drive unit for driving the press-on belt 220. The deflection roller 322 also serves as a tensioning roller for tensioning the press-on belt 220. With the aid of the first drive unit, the press-on belt 220 can be driven either in the direction of circulation P2 or in the opposite direction to the direction of circulation P2, depending on the control of the first drive unit. This enables both a continuous drive of the press-on belt 220 and a back-and-forth movement of the press-on belt 220 to create different surface structures.

[0061] The endless grinding belt 310 is guided around three deflection rollers 312, 314, 316. In other embodiments, only two deflection rollers or more than three deflection rollers may be provided. Alternatively, other deflection elements, such as deflection plates, may be provided instead of the deflection rollers 312, 314, 316. At least one of the deflection rollers 312, 314, 316, in particular the deflection roller 312, is driven by a second drive unit for driving the grinding belt 310. The deflection roller 312 also serves as a tensioning roller for tensioning the grinding belt 310. With the aid of a second drive unit, the grinding belt 310 can be driven either in the direction of circulation P3 or in the opposite direction to the direction of circulation P3, depending on the control of the second drive unit. It is also possible to move the grinding belt 320 back and forth to create different surface structures.

[0062] The press-on belts 220 of the first and second embodiments are the same.

[0063] Preferably, the deflection rollers 314, 316 are arranged outside the press-on area 229 of the press-on belt 220, in particular laterally next to the deflection rollers 322, 324, for deflecting the press-on belt 220.

[0064] In both the first and second embodiments, the press-on elements 232, 242 are connected to a base body 264 of the press-on belt 220 via a Velcro connection. In other embodiments, the press-on elements 232, 242 may be connected to the base body 264 of the press-on belt 220 via an adhesive connection, in particular with the aid of a magnet.

[0065] FIG. 3 shows a perspective illustration of a belt grinding machine 400 with a grinding station 500 according to a third embodiment. Of the grinding station 200 of the belt grinding machine 100 according to FIG. 1, the grinding station 500 has a press-on belt 260 with a plurality of lamellae 262 oriented obliquely to the direction of circulation P2. The lamellae 262 are press-on elements and are arranged on the outer circumference of the base body 264 of the press-on belt 260 and at the same distance from one another. The lamellae 262 are connected to the base body 264 via a Velcro connection. In other embodiments, the lamellae 262 may be connected to the base body 264 via an adhesive connection, in particular with the aid of a magnet.

[0066] FIG. 4 shows a perspective illustration of a belt grinding machine 600 with a grinding station 700 according to a fourth embodiment. In contrast to the grinding station 200 of the belt grinding machine 100 according to FIG. 1 and to the grinding station 500 of the belt grinding machine 500, the grinding station 700 has a press-on beam 710, which has a base body 712 and, on the side of the base body 712 facing the inner side 211 of the grinding belt 210, press-on elements 232, 242, 262, which are connected to the base body 712 via a Velcro connection and are not visible in FIG. 4. In other embodiments, the press-on elements 232, 242, 262 can be connected to the base body 712 of the press-on beam 710 via an adhesive connection, in particular with the aid of a magnet.

[0067] During the grinding operation, the grinding belt 210 is driven in the direction of the arrow P3 and the press-on beam 710 is moved back and forth in the direction of the arrow P4. The base body 712 of the press-on beam 710 is designed to be torsionally rigid and comprises a wooden profile, a metal profile or a plastic profile. In particular, the metal profile or plastic profile may be a continuously cast profile. The press-on elements 232, 242, 262 can be freely positioned on the side of the base body 712 facing the grinding belt 210 via the Velcro adhesive connection, so that any suitable press-on element patterns in the same way as described in connection with the press-on belts 220, can be created. In this way, desired grinding patterns and structures can be created when grinding the surface of the workpiece 10.

[0068] In alternative embodiments, instead of reciprocating, the press-on beam 710 may be driven to perform an oscillating motion.

[0069] FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of a first version of a single press-on element 232, 242 and a section of the press-on belt 220 according to the first, second or third embodiment according to FIGS. 1, 3, 4, wherein the press-on elements 232, 234 are formed as cones.

[0070] FIG. 6 shows a sectional view of a second version of a single press-on element 232, 242 and a section of the press-on belt 220 according to the first, second or third embodiment according to FIGS. 1, 3, 4, wherein the press-on element 232, 242 has a convex cross-section. In other embodiments, the press-on element 232, 242 may also be a spherical segment.

[0071] FIG. 7 shows a sectional view of a third version of a single press-on element 232, 242 and a section of the press-on belt 220 according to the first, second or third embodiment according to FIG. 1, 3, 4. In contrast to the first two versions, the press-on element 232, 242 is cylindrical in the third version. Alternatively, in a further version, the press-on element 232, 242 can be cuboid-shaped with the same cross-section and have a rectangular, in particular square base surface.

[0072] FIG. 8 shows a sectional view of a fourth version of a single press-on element 232, 242 and a section of the press-on belt 220 according to the first, second or third embodiment according to FIGS. 1, 3, 4, wherein the press-on element 232, 242 is connected to the press-on belt 220 via an additional rod-shaped element 233, 243 in contrast to the first version according to FIG. 5. The head of the press-on element 232, 242 according to FIG. 8 corresponds to the press-on element 232, 242 according to the first version according to FIG. 5.

[0073] FIG. 9 shows a sectional view of a fifth version of a single press-on element 232, 242 and a section of the press-on belt 220 according to the first, second or third embodiment according to FIGS. 1, 3, 4, wherein the press-on element 232, 242 is connected to the press-on belt 220 via an additional rod-shaped element 233, 243 in contrast to the second version according to FIG. 6. The head of the press-on element 232, 242 according to FIG. 9 corresponds to the press-on element 232, 242 according to the second version according to FIG. 6.

[0074] FIG. 10 shows a sectional view of a sixth version of a single press-on element 232, 242 and a section of the press-on belt 220 according to the first, second or third embodiment according to FIGS. 1, 3, 4, wherein the press-on element 232, 242 is connected to the press-on belt 220 via an additional rod-shaped element 233, 243 in contrast to the third version according to FIG. 7. The head of the press-on element 232, 242 according to FIG. 10 corresponds to the press-on element 232, 242 according to the third version according to FIG. 7.

[0075] By connecting the press-on elements 232, 242 via a rod-shaped element 233, 243 to the press-on belt 220, the respective press-on element 232, 242 can be pivoted when force is applied by elastic deformation of the rod-shaped element 233, 243 and can adapt to the contours of the workpiece 10 to be machined.

[0076] The press-on elements 232, 242 shown in FIGS. 5 to 10 are connected to the base body 264 of the press-on belt 220 via a first Velcro adhesive layer 280, which is firmly bonded to the base body 264, and a second Velcro adhesive layer 282, which is bonded to the respective press-on element 232, 242. The first Velcro adhesive layer 280 is formed on the entire circumferential surface, i.e. lateral surface, of the press-one belt 220. Thus, free positioning of the press-on element or press-on elements 232, 242 is easily possible. Also, arbitrary press-on element patterns can be generated by a corresponding arrangement of the press-on elements on the first Velcro adhesive layer 280. These press-on element patterns can be easily changed by releasing and re-establishing a Velcro connection between the press-on element 232, 242 and the base body 264. For this purpose, a tool is required nor are the press-on elements 232, 242 or the base body 264 damaged. Rather, the press-on elements 232, 242 are non-destructively connected to the base body 264 and non-destructively disconnected from the base body 264. The same applies to the alternative use of the press-on element 262.

[0077] Additionally or alternatively, the properties of the press-on element patterns can be easily changed by replacing the press-on elements 232, 242 with press-on elements 232, 242 having different properties, such as shape, size, hardness, without having to replace the press-on belt 220, 260 itself. Again, this does not require a tool, nor does it damage the press-on elements 232, 242 or the base body 264. Rather, the press-on elements 232, 242 are non-destructively connected to the base body 264 and non-destructively disconnected from the base body 264.

[0078] In the same way as on the lateral surface of the press-on belt 220, 260, a Velcro adhesive layer 280 is provided on the side of the base body 712 of the press-on beam 710 facing the inner side 211 of the grinding belt 210, so that the press-on elements 232, 242, 262 can be freely positioned there in the same way as on the base body 264 of the press-on belt 220, 260.

[0079] Preferably, the base body 264 of the press-on belt 220, 260 comprises or consists of an endless metal belt, in particular an endless steel belt. Alternatively, the press-on belt may comprise or be a textile belt or a fiber-reinforced plastic belt.

[0080] The first and/or second Velcro adhesive layer 280, 282 may in particular comprise a Velcro non-woven layer, a Velcro velour layer, a fleece tape Velcro layer, a Velcro hook layer or a mushroom head Velcro layer. Here, the Velcro adhesive layer can preferably be a metallic Velcro adhesive layer or a plastic Velcro adhesive layer. Combinations of the following Velcro layers are particularly advantageous: hook Velcro tape-fleece Velcro tape; mushroom head Velcro tape-velour Velcro tape; mushroom head Velcro tape-velour tape and mushroom head Velcro tape-mushroom head Velcro tape. The Velcro adhesive layers 280, 282 are firmly connected to the base body 264 or firmly bonded to the press-on element 232, 242, in particular firmly glued, or directly formed in the material of the base body 264 or in the material of the press-on element 232, 242.

[0081] Alternatively, the press-on elements 232, 242, 262 can also be connected to the base body 264 via an adhesive connection. For this purpose, the respective press-on element 232, 242, 262 may each comprise at least one magnet and the base body 264, 712 may comprise a ferromagnetic material. Alternatively, the respective base body 264, 712 may comprise a magnetic layer, such as a magnetic foil, or several individual magnets that are preferably arranged in a grid.